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CN111293183B - Photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111293183B
CN111293183B CN202010080406.0A CN202010080406A CN111293183B CN 111293183 B CN111293183 B CN 111293183B CN 202010080406 A CN202010080406 A CN 202010080406A CN 111293183 B CN111293183 B CN 111293183B
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Prior art keywords
back plate
battery
photovoltaic module
main body
adhesive film
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CN111293183A (en
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李令先
陈斌
张文芮
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Jingao (Yangzhou) new energy Co.,Ltd.
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JA Solar Technology Yangzhou Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
    • H10F19/804—Materials of encapsulations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
    • H10F19/902—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种光伏组件及其制备方法，属于太阳能电池技术领域，解决了现有技术中在光伏组件制备过程中的叠层及层压工序中，电池片重叠区域的边缘处由于外力的作用容易发生隐裂甚至裂片的问题。本申请的制备方法，包括如下步骤：在背板上依次铺设第一封装胶膜、电池串、第二封装胶膜及盖板得到叠层件；对叠层件进行层压；电池串包括多个以头尾搭叠方式连接的电池片；背板包括背板主体及设置在背板主体朝向电池串的表面上、且与电池片的叠搭区域相对应的多个背板凸起。本申请的光伏组件及其制备方法可用于太阳能发电。

Figure 202010080406

The present application discloses a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of solar cells, which solves the problem that the edge of the overlapping area of the cells is caused by external force in the lamination and lamination process in the preparation process of the photovoltaic module in the prior art. The effect is prone to cracking or even splintering. The preparation method of the present application includes the following steps: sequentially laying a first encapsulation film, a battery string, a second encapsulation film and a cover plate on a backplane to obtain a laminate; laminating the laminate; The backplane includes a backplane main body and a plurality of backplane protrusions disposed on the surface of the backplane main body facing the battery strings and corresponding to the overlapping regions of the battery slices. The photovoltaic module of the present application and the preparation method thereof can be used for solar power generation.

Figure 202010080406

Description

Photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to a solar cell, in particular to a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The technology of the photovoltaic module is mature, and a typical single-glass photovoltaic module mainly comprises glass, a first EVA layer, a cell string group, a second EVA layer and a back plate; a typical dual glass assembly mainly comprises glass, a first EVA layer, a battery string group, a second EVA layer and glass.
At present, the technology for effectively improving the effective power generation area of a solar module mainly comprises the following steps: tiling, and stitch welding. Among the shingle technology and the stitch welding technology, the quantity of the battery pieces in the same size assembly is increased by overlapping the head and the tail of the adjacent battery pieces, so that the power generation efficiency is improved. Generally, adjacent battery plates are connected through conductive adhesive in the tiling technology, and adjacent battery plates are connected through solder strips in the stitch welding technology. Because adjacent battery pieces have a certain height difference, in the lamination and lamination processes in the preparation process of the photovoltaic module, the edges of the overlapping regions of the battery pieces are easy to crack or even split due to the action of external force, and potential safety hazards are brought to the preparation of the photovoltaic module.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing analysis, the present application aims to provide a photovoltaic module and a method for manufacturing the same, which solve the problem in the prior art that the edge of the cell overlapping region is prone to crack or even split due to external force during the lamination and lamination process in the process of manufacturing the photovoltaic module.
The purpose of the application is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
the application provides a preparation method of a photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps: laying a first packaging adhesive film, a battery string, a second packaging adhesive film and a cover plate on a back plate in sequence to obtain a laminated piece; laminating the laminated piece to obtain a solar cell module; the battery string comprises a plurality of battery pieces which are connected in a head-to-tail overlapping mode; the back plate comprises a back plate main body and a plurality of back plate bulges which are arranged on the surface of the back plate main body facing the battery strings and correspond to the overlapping area of the battery pieces.
In one possible design, the height of the back plate projections can be reduced during the lamination process.
In one possible design, the cross-sectional shape of the backplate projections is square, rectangular, circular, diamond, trapezoidal or triangular.
In one possible design, the protrusions of the back plate are made of an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) adhesive film or a POE (polyolefin elastomer) adhesive film.
In one possible design, the EVA adhesive film comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.0-1.6 parts of peroxide initiator, 0.4-0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.1-0.3 part of light stabilizer, 3.0-4.5 parts of heat stabilizer, 0.5-0.7 part of tackifier, 1.0-3.0 parts of plasticizer, 0.3-0.6 part of coupling agent, 0.1-0.2 part of accelerator and the balance of EVA resin.
In one possible design, the peroxide is a mixture of diphenyl carbonate (DPC) and ketal peroxide, and the mass ratio of the diphenyl carbonate (DPC) to the ketal peroxide is controlled to be 2-4: 1.
in one possible design, the antioxidant is a hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant, and the mass ratio of the hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is controlled to be 3-4: 1.
in one possible design, the light stabilizer comprises an ultraviolet absorber and a hindered amine stabilizer, and the mass ratio of the ultraviolet absorber to the hindered amine stabilizer is controlled to be 1-1.5: 1.
in one possible design, the heat stabilizer comprises an organic tin stabilizer, a composite stabilizer (calcium/zinc and barium/zinc composite soaps) and a rare earth stabilizer, and the mass ratio of the organic tin stabilizer to the composite stabilizer is controlled to be 1-1.5: 1-1.9: 1.
in one possible design, the tackifier is one or more of terpene resin, terpene-phenolic resin, poly-rosin, hydrogenated rosin, and pentaerythritol ester mixed in any proportion.
In one possible design, the plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate DOP, dibutyl phthalate DBP or diisononyl phthalate DINP.
In one possible design, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent.
In one possible design, the accelerator is triallyl cyanurate, triallyl triisocyanate or trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate.
In one possible design, the POE adhesive film comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-2.0 parts of organic peroxide initiator, 0.5-2.5 parts of accelerator, 0.3-1.5 parts of tackifying coupling agent, 0.1-0.6 part of light stabilizer, 0.1-0.6 part of ultraviolet absorber, 0.05-0.2 part of light conversion additive and the balance of POE resin.
In one possible design, the gram weight of the back plate protrusion is 20-300 g/m2。
In one possible design, a plurality of rear plate protrusions extending in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the battery string are connected to each other to form a strip-shaped continuous protrusion.
In one possible design, a plurality of rear plate protrusions along the extending direction of the battery string are connected with each other to form a strip-shaped continuous protrusion.
In one possible design, the plurality of back plate protrusions are not continuously arranged.
In one possible design, the backplate body and the backplate protrusions are integrally formed; or the back plate main body and the back plate bulge are arranged separately.
In one possible design, two adjacent cells in each string are connected by solder strips or conductive adhesive.
In one possible design, the cell pieces are full cell pieces or sliced cell pieces.
The application also provides a photovoltaic module prepared by the preparation method.
The photovoltaic module comprises a back plate, a first packaging adhesive film, a battery string, a second packaging adhesive film and a cover plate which are sequentially stacked.
In one possible design, the battery string includes a plurality of battery pieces stacked end to end.
In one possible design, two adjacent cells in each string are connected by solder strips or conductive adhesive.
In one possible design, the cell pieces are full cell pieces or sliced cell pieces.
In one possible design, the first packaging adhesive film and/or the second packaging adhesive film comprises a plurality of strip-shaped transparent areas and a plurality of strip-shaped opaque areas which are alternately arranged, the surfaces of the transparent areas and the surfaces of the opaque areas are flush, the transparent areas correspond to the positions of the cell strings, and the opaque areas correspond to gaps among the cell strings.
In one possible design, the opaque area is a white area or a black area.
Compared with the prior art, the application can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:
a) according to the preparation method of the photovoltaic module, the plurality of backboard protrusions are arranged on the backboard main body, the positions of the backboard protrusions correspond to the two adjacent battery piece stacking areas in the photovoltaic module one by one, so that the thickness of the backboard at the two adjacent battery piece stacking areas is increased, at the initial stage of the photovoltaic module lamination, the backboard protrusions are used for supporting the two adjacent battery piece stacking areas to buffer the stress at the edges of the battery piece stacking areas, and therefore the risk that the battery pieces are cracked in the stacking and laminating processes of the photovoltaic module is greatly reduced, the reliability of the photovoltaic module is improved, the operation is simple, and the implementation and the popularization are easy.
b) According to the preparation method of the photovoltaic module, the back plate protrusion can be made of a material capable of deforming in the laminating process, so that the back plate protrusion gradually deforms in the laminating process and enters the overlapping area of the two adjacent battery pieces or spreads outwards, the height of the back plate protrusion is reduced, and the overall height of the photovoltaic module prepared by the preparation method is basically unchanged compared with the overall height of the existing photovoltaic module.
c) The preparation method of the photovoltaic module only increases the thickness of the back plate at the overlapping area of the two adjacent battery pieces, and does not need to increase the overall thickness of the back plate, so that the use amount of production materials of the back plate can be greatly reduced, and the overall production cost of the photovoltaic module is further reduced.
d) In the preparation method of the photovoltaic module, the gram weight of the back plate protrusion is 20-300 g/m2The production material consumption of the back plate protrusion can be reduced on the basis that the back plate protrusion can provide enough supporting force for the overlapping area of two adjacent battery pieces, and therefore the overall production cost of the photovoltaic module is further reduced.
e) In the preparation method of the photovoltaic module, the back plate protrusion is made of the EVA adhesive film or the POE adhesive film. The EVA adhesive film has high transparency, high adhesive force, low melting point, easy flowing and good durability, and can be suitable for various interfaces; POE is an ethylene-octylene copolymer, is a novel polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer which is developed by taking metallocene as a catalyst, has narrow relative molecular mass distribution and narrow comonomer distribution and controllable structure, has the characteristics of low water vapor permeability and high volume resistivity, ensures the safety and long-term aging resistance of the POE adhesive film in the high-temperature and high-humidity environment, and ensures that the POE adhesive film can be used for a long time.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application. The objectives and other advantages of the application may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar back sheet provided in embodiment 1 of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar back sheet provided in embodiment 2 of the present application;
fig. 3 is a front view of a solar back sheet provided in embodiment 2 of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a laminate in a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to example 3 of the present application;
fig. 5 is a top view of a laminate in a method of making a photovoltaic module provided in example 3 of the present application;
fig. 6 is a top view of a laminate in a method of making a photovoltaic module according to example 4 of the present application.
Reference numerals:
1-a back plate; 2-a first packaging adhesive film; 3-a battery piece; 4-welding a strip; 5-a second packaging adhesive film; 6-cover plate; 7-a back plate body; 8-backboard projection.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the application serve to explain the principles of the application.
The present application provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, referring to fig. 1 to 6, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1: laying a first packaging adhesive film 1, a battery string, a second packaging adhesive film 5 and a cover plate 6 on a back plate 1 in sequence to obtain a laminated piece;
step S2: and laminating the laminated piece to obtain the solar cell module.
The battery string comprises a plurality of battery pieces 3 connected in a head-to-tail overlapping mode; the back plate 1 comprises a back plate main body 7 and a plurality of back plate bulges 8 which are arranged on the surface of the back plate main body 7 facing the battery strings and correspond to the overlapping areas of the battery sheets 3, and the height of the back plate bulges 8 can be reduced in the laminating process.
Compared with the prior art, in the preparation method of the photovoltaic module, the plurality of backboard protrusions 8 are arranged on the backboard main body 7, and the positions of the backboard protrusions 8 correspond to the stacking areas of the two adjacent battery pieces 3 in the photovoltaic module one by one, which is equivalent to increasing the thickness of the backboard 1 at the stacking area of the two adjacent battery pieces 3, at the starting stage of the lamination of the photovoltaic module, the backboard protrusions 8 are used for supporting the stacking area of the two adjacent battery pieces 3 to buffer the stress at the edge of the stacking area of the battery pieces 3, so that the risk of the battery pieces 3 that are cracked in the stacking and laminating processes of the photovoltaic module is greatly reduced, the reliability of the photovoltaic module is improved, the operation is simple, and the implementation and popularization are easy.
Meanwhile, after the photovoltaic module is manufactured, the back plate protrusions 8 can deform gradually due to high laminating temperature, so that the heights of the back plate protrusions 8 are reduced, the overall height of the photovoltaic module can be kept unchanged basically, and the space utilization rate of the photovoltaic module is improved.
In addition, the preparation method of the photovoltaic module provided by the application only increases the thickness of the back plate 1 at the stacking area of the two adjacent battery pieces 3, and does not need to increase the whole thickness of the back plate 1, so that the use amount of back plate production materials can be greatly reduced, and the whole production cost of the photovoltaic module is further reduced.
In the embodiment of the present application, the correspondence between the back plate protrusion 8 and the overlapping area of the battery piece 3 can be understood as follows: at least a part of the back plate projection 8 in the width direction along the overlapping area of the battery pieces 3 (i.e., in the extending direction of the battery string) overlaps at least a part of the overlapping area of the battery pieces 3. The width of the back plate protrusion 8 may be the same as the width of the overlapping area of the battery plate 3, or may be slightly larger than the width of the overlapping area of the battery plate 3. Preferably, the width of the back plate bulge 8 is slightly larger than the width of the overlapping area of the battery piece 3, and the overlapping area of the battery piece 3 is positioned in the middle of the back plate bulge 8.
Illustratively, the cross-sectional shape of the backboard protrusion 8 along the plane direction of the backboard main body 7 is square, rectangular, circular, diamond, trapezoid or triangular, and in practical application, the cross-sectional shape of the backboard protrusion 8 can be selected according to practical situations. It should be noted that, from the viewpoint of uniform stress and processing production, the section of the backboard protrusion 8 along the plane direction of the backboard main body 7 is square or rectangular.
Illustratively, the cross-sectional shape of the backboard protrusion 8 along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the main body 7 can be square, rectangular, circular, trapezoid, etc., and can be selected according to practical situations.
As for the material of the above-mentioned back plate protrusion 8, it is made of, for example, EVA adhesive film or POE adhesive film. Among them, the EVA adhesive film has high transparency, high adhesion, low melting point, easy flowability, and good durability, and can be applied to various interfaces (e.g., glass, metal, or plastic); POE is an ethylene-octylene copolymer, is a novel polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer which is developed by taking metallocene as a catalyst, has narrow relative molecular mass distribution and narrow comonomer distribution and controllable structure, has the characteristics of low water vapor permeability and high volume resistivity, ensures the safety and long-term aging resistance of the POE adhesive film in the high-temperature and high-humidity environment, and ensures that the POE adhesive film can be used for a long time.
In order to improve the overall performance of an EVA (polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer) adhesive film, the EVA adhesive film comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.0-1.6 parts of peroxide initiator, 0.4-0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.1-0.3 part of light stabilizer, 3.0-4.5 parts of heat stabilizer, 0.5-0.7 part of tackifier, 1.0-3.0 parts of plasticizer, 0.3-0.6 part of coupling agent, 0.1-0.2 part of accelerator and the balance of EVA resin.
Specifically, the peroxide is a mixture of diphenyl carbonate (DPC) and ketal peroxide, and the mass ratio of the diphenyl carbonate (DPC) to the ketal peroxide is controlled to be 2-4: the thermal stability of diphenyl carbonate is good, the comprehensive mechanical property of the EVA packaging adhesive film can be improved, the EVA adhesive film can be used under a high-temperature condition, the low-temperature reaction activity of ketal peroxide is high, and the EVA adhesive film can be used under a low-temperature condition.
The antioxidant is a hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant, and the mass ratio of the hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is controlled to be 3-4: 1.
the light stabilizer comprises an ultraviolet absorber and a hindered amine stabilizer, and the mass ratio of the ultraviolet absorber to the hindered amine stabilizer is controlled to be 1-1.5: 1, the hindered amine stabilizer has good thermal-oxidative stability, the efficiency of the hindered amine stabilizer is 2.4 times that of the traditional stabilizer, and the hindered amine stabilizer has good synergistic effect with an ultraviolet absorbent and an antioxidant, so that an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) adhesive film cannot be colored.
The heat stabilizer comprises an organic tin stabilizer, a composite stabilizer (such as calcium/zinc and barium/zinc composite soap) and a rare earth stabilizer, and the mass ratio of the organic tin stabilizer to the composite stabilizer is controlled to be 1-1.5: 1-1.9: the composite material comprises an EVA adhesive film, an organic tin stabilizer, a rare earth stabilizer and a glass fiber, wherein the organic tin stabilizer has excellent comprehensive performance and can improve the light transmittance of the EVA adhesive film, and the rare earth stabilizer has the characteristics of high efficiency, high stability and high transparency.
The tackifier is one or more of terpene resin, terpene-phenolic resin, poly rosin, hydrogenated rosin and pentaerythritol ester mixed at any ratio.
The plasticizer is dioctyl phthalate DOP, dibutyl phthalate DBP or diisononyl phthalate DINP.
The coupling agent is a silane coupling agent; the accelerator is triallyl cyanurate (TAC), triallyl Triisocyanate (TAIC) or trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA).
In order to improve the overall performance of the POE adhesive film, the POE adhesive film comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-2.0 parts of organic peroxide initiator, 0.5-2.5 parts of accelerator, 0.3-1.5 parts of tackifying coupling agent, 0.1-0.6 part of light stabilizer, 0.1-0.6 part of ultraviolet absorber, 0.05-0.2 part of light conversion additive and the balance of POE resin.
In order to improve the support stability of the stacking area of two adjacent battery plates 3, the gram weight of the back plate bulge 8 is 20-300 g/m2(e.g., 20 g/m)2、40g/m2、50g/m2、60g/m2、80g/m2、100g/m2、120g/m2、140g/m2、150g/m2、160g/m2、180g/m2、200g/m2、220g/m2、240g/m2、250g/m2、260g/m2、280g/m2、300g/m2Etc.), inject the protruding 8 grammes per square metre of backplate in above-mentioned within range, can guarantee that backplate arch 8 can also reduce the protruding 8 production material quantity of backplate simultaneously for two adjacent battery piece stack region provide sufficient holding power's basis to further reduce the holistic manufacturing cost of photovoltaic module.
The following two arrangements are adopted for the above-described back plate projections 8.
First, from the perspective of processing and production, a plurality of backboard protrusions 8 along the direction perpendicular to the battery string extending direction (in the same row) are connected to form a strip-shaped continuous protrusion, and/or a plurality of backboard protrusions 8 along the direction perpendicular to the battery string extending direction (in the same row) are connected to form a strip-shaped continuous protrusion, so that the processing number of the backboard protrusions 8 can be reduced, and only a small number of strip-shaped protrusions need to be processed.
Secondly, from the perspective of saving production materials, a plurality of backboard protrusions 21 are independently and discontinuously arranged to form discontinuous protrusions, and compared with the first arrangement mode, the second arrangement mode can save production materials between two adjacent backboard protrusions 8, so that the overall production cost of the photovoltaic module is reduced.
In the embodiment of the present application, the material of the back plate main body 7 may be TPT, KPK, KPF, TPE, KPE, KPO, and other commonly used back plate materials in the field, in the back plate, the first letter represents the outer layer (i.e., the side of the back plate main body away from the battery string), the middle letter represents the middle layer, the last letter represents the inner layer (i.e., the side of the back plate main body 7 facing the battery string), T represents a polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) film, K represents a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film, and F represents a fluorine coating resin coating; p refers to biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate film (BOPET); e denotes a polyethylene film or Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) resin, and O is a polyolefin resin. The material of the back plate main body 7 may be a multilayer PET composite material or a multilayer PA composite material, or may be glass.
It should be noted that, the backboard main body 7 and the backboard protrusion 8 are integrally formed; alternatively, the back plate main body 7 and the back plate protrusion 8 are separately provided, and are separately processed and manufactured, and then the back plate structure is formed by bonding with an adhesive.
The molding manner of the backplate main body 7 and the backplate protrusions 8 can be determined according to the material of the inner layer of the backplate main body 7 and the material of the backplate protrusions 8. When the material of the inner layer of the backboard main body 7 is the same as the material of the raised 8 of the backboard (for example, the backboard main body 7 is a TPE backboard, and the raised 8 of the backboard is an EVA material), the raised 8 of the backboard can be integrally formed on the inner layer of the backboard main body 7 to obtain the inner layer of the backboard main body with the raised 8 of the backboard, and then the inner layer and the middle layer and the outer layer are compounded to obtain the backboard with the raised 8 of the backboard.
Specifically, two adjacent battery pieces are connected by the solder strip 4 or the conductive adhesive. The battery cells 3 are, for example, full cells or sliced cells.
It is understood that in the manufacturing method provided by the present application, steps of sorting solar cells, cutting materials, forming a solar cell string, and the like may be included before stacking in step S1, and for a solar cell module using sliced cells, a slicing step may be further included before forming a solar cell string during manufacturing, so as to divide a whole solar cell into a certain proportion of sliced cells.
In the lamination process of step S1, after the battery string is placed on the first packaging adhesive film 2, the welding of the bus bar is required, and a plurality of battery strings are connected (the bus bar is provided with a lead terminal); then, a second packaging adhesive film 5 and a cover plate 6 are laid, openings are formed in the preset positions of the second packaging adhesive film 5 and the cover plate 6, and the leading-out ends of the bus bars are led out from the openings of the second packaging adhesive film 5 and the cover plate 6 and are used for being connected with a junction box subsequently.
The steps of trimming the assembly, mounting the frame, mounting the junction box and the like are also included after the lamination in the step S2.
The photovoltaic module is prepared by the preparation method and comprises a back plate 1, a first packaging adhesive film 2, a battery string, a second packaging adhesive film 5 and a cover plate 6 which are sequentially stacked, wherein the battery string comprises a plurality of battery pieces 3 which are overlapped end to end.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the photovoltaic module provided by the application are basically the same as those of the preparation method of the photovoltaic module, and are not repeated herein.
Specifically, in each string of battery cells, two adjacent battery pieces 3 are connected by a solder ribbon or a conductive adhesive. The battery piece 3 is a full battery piece or a sliced battery piece.
As for the structures of the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 5, specifically, the structures of the two are basically the same, and both include a plurality of strip-shaped transparent regions and a plurality of strip-shaped opaque regions which are alternately arranged, the surfaces of the transparent regions and the surfaces of the opaque regions are flush, the transparent regions correspond to the positions of the cell strings, and the opaque regions correspond to the gaps between the cell strings. In the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 5, a plurality of strip-shaped transparent areas and a plurality of strip-shaped opaque areas are alternately arranged, the surfaces of the transparent areas and the surfaces of the opaque areas are flush, no height difference exists, the battery piece can be prevented from being hidden and cracked, and the adhesive films of the opaque areas can be prevented from overflowing to the front side of the battery piece 3.
In order to improve the light utilization rate of the photovoltaic module using the first packaging adhesive film 2 and the second packaging adhesive film 5, the opaque area is a white area, the white area has high reflectivity, and light rays irradiated to the opaque area can be reflected, so that the light utilization rate and the power of the photovoltaic module are improved. Illustratively, the white region is formed by adding titanium dioxide and hollow glass beads as fillers to the glue film matrix.
Or, the opaque region is a black region, and the black region is used as the opaque region to make the appearance of the component black, and when the component is applied to the outer wall or the roof of a building, the color of the component is closer to the color of the surrounding environment. Illustratively, the black region is formed by adding carbon black as a filler to the adhesive film matrix.
Example 1
The solar back sheet of the present embodiment includes: the back plate comprises a back plate main body 7 and a plurality of back plate bulges 8, wherein the back plate main body 7 and the back plate bulges 8 are integrally arranged to form an integral adhesive film, and the back plate bulges 8 are EVA adhesive films; wherein the gram weight of the back plate bulge 8 is 40g/m2(ii) a The backing plate projections 8 in the direction perpendicular to the solder strip are segmented projections, see fig. 1.
Example 2
The solar back sheet of the present embodiment includes: the back plate comprises a back plate main body 7 and a plurality of back plate bulges 8, wherein the back plate main body 7 and the back plate bulges 8 are integrally arranged to form an integral adhesive film, and the back plate bulges 8 are EVA adhesive films; wherein the gram weight of the back plate bulge 8 is 60g/m2(ii) a The back plate projection 8 in the direction vertical to the solder strip isContinuous protrusions, see fig. 2-3.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, wherein in a lamination process, a first encapsulant film 2, a battery string, a second encapsulant film 5 and a cover plate 6 are sequentially laid on a back plate to obtain a laminated member, the back plate 1 is the back plate provided in embodiment 1, and a back plate protrusion 8 on the back plate 1 corresponds to a lapping region of an adjacent battery piece 3 in the battery string, and the structure of the laminated member is as shown in fig. 4 to 5.
After the lamination process is completed, the resulting laminate is laminated.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a photovoltaic module, wherein in a lamination process, a first packaging adhesive film 2, a battery string, a second packaging adhesive film 5 and a cover plate are sequentially laid on a back plate 1 to obtain a laminated piece, the back plate 1 is the back plate provided in embodiment 2, and a back plate protrusion 8 on the back plate 1 corresponds to a lapping area of an adjacent battery piece 3 in the battery string, and the structure of the laminated piece is shown in fig. 6.
After the lamination process is completed, the resulting laminate is laminated.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a photovoltaic module is characterized by comprising the following steps:
laying a first packaging adhesive film, a battery string, a second packaging adhesive film and a cover plate on a back plate in sequence to obtain a laminated piece;
laminating the laminated piece to obtain a solar cell module;
the battery string comprises a plurality of battery pieces which are connected in a head-to-tail overlapping mode;
the back plate comprises a back plate main body and a plurality of back plate bulges which are arranged on the surface of the back plate main body facing the battery string and correspond to the overlapping area of the battery pieces;
at least a part of the rear plate protrusion coincides with at least a part of the cell stacking area in a width direction along the cell stacking area.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the height of the backsheet projections can be reduced during the lamination process.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the protrusions of the back sheet are made of EVA film or POE film.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gram weight of the back sheet projection is 20 to 300g/m2。
5. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of the rear plate projections in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the battery string are connected to each other to form a strip-shaped continuous projection, and/or a plurality of the rear plate projections in the extending direction of the battery string are connected to each other to form a strip-shaped continuous projection.
6. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of back plate projections are provided discontinuously.
7. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the back plate main body and the back plate projections are integrally formed; or the back plate main body and the back plate bulge are arranged in a split manner.
8. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein adjacent two battery pieces are connected by a solder ribbon or a conductive adhesive in each string of battery pieces.
9. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the battery piece is a full-sheet battery piece or a sliced battery piece.
10. A photovoltaic module produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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CN115036382A (en) * 2021-02-22 2022-09-09 赫里欧新能源科技（上海）有限公司 Production method of scene-following color-changing power generation building material
CN113659031B (en) * 2021-07-01 2024-06-21 合肥晶澳太阳能科技有限公司 Solar cell string, photovoltaic module and preparation method of solar cell string
CN113594302B (en) * 2021-08-02 2023-08-11 浙江晶科能源有限公司 Photovoltaic module processing method, photovoltaic module and glue dripping device
CN114597275B (en) * 2022-02-25 2024-12-17 晶澳(扬州)新能源有限公司 Solar cell module and method for manufacturing same
CN115732587A (en) * 2022-09-08 2023-03-03 西南石油大学 Surface texturing method of self-reconfigurable hot stamping method flexible photovoltaic module

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CN110073502A (en) * 2016-11-10 2019-07-30 弗劳恩霍夫应用研究促进协会 Encapsulating film for lapping formula photovoltaic module

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CN108091703A (en) * 2014-05-27 2018-05-29 太阳能公司 Stacking formula solar module
CN110073502A (en) * 2016-11-10 2019-07-30 弗劳恩霍夫应用研究促进协会 Encapsulating film for lapping formula photovoltaic module

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