CN111288149A - Portable high damping is gyration power vibration attenuation gear drive for axle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable high-damping shaft rotary power vibration damping gear transmission, comprising a damping mechanism, the damping mechanism comprises a semi-damping mechanism A and a half-damping mechanism B with the same structure, and the semi-damping mechanism A includes a connecting Plate, fixed seat, ball, compression spring and rotating mass block, the fixed seat and the driven shaft are fixedly installed, the rotating mass block is installed on the outer ring of the fixed seat, and a number of balls are installed between the fixed seat and the rotating mass block along the arc direction , so that the rotating mass block only has the degree of freedom to rotate around the central axis of rotation, the end of the fixed seat protrudes from the end of the rotating mass block, the connecting plate is fixed on the end of the fixed seat, and the compression spring is installed on the connecting plate and the rotating mass. Between the ends of the blocks, the half damping mechanism A and the half damping mechanism B are fixed by connecting plates. When the system is in a rated operating condition, the present invention can significantly reduce the problems of medium and high frequency vibration and noise caused by the rotation of the gear shaft in the gear transmission system.

Description

A portable high damping shaft rotary dynamic vibration damping gear transmission

technical field

The invention relates to a gear transmission device, in particular to a gear transmission device with dynamic vibration damping function.

Background technique

The vibration and noise problems of gearboxes have a long history and have not been solved well. In civilian products, it directly affects the stability and reliability of equipment operation. In the military field, its role is more important. Taking ships as an example, the vibration and noise level of the gearbox directly determines its propagation distance, which means the distance detected by the enemy. The greater the vibration and noise, the easier it is to be detected by the enemy. On the contrary, if the noise and vibration of the enemy ship is smaller, the more difficult it is for us to detect. Therefore, no matter in the civil or military field, how to reduce the vibration and noise of the transmission system is an urgent problem for all power transmission systems.

The vibration and noise in the gear transmission system mainly come from the vibration generated by the meshing of the gear teeth and the vibration generated by the rotation of the gear shaft. Strong vibration and noise problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to significantly reduce the problems of medium and high frequency vibration and noise caused by the rotation of the gear shaft in the gear transmission system when the system is in a rated operating condition.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A portable high-damping shaft rotary power vibration damping gear transmission, comprising a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a driving gear that can rotate around the driving shaft, and a driven gear that meshes with the driving gear and can rotate around the driven shaft. A damping mechanism is installed on the driven shaft; the damping mechanism includes a half-damping mechanism A and a half-damping mechanism B with the same structure, and the half-damping mechanism A includes a connecting plate, a fixed seat, a ball, a compression spring and the rotating mass block, the fixed seat and the driven shaft are fixedly installed, the rotating mass block is installed on the outer ring of the fixed seat, and a number of balls are installed along the arc direction between the fixed seat and the rotating mass block, so that the rotating mass block is It only has the degree of freedom to rotate around the central axis of rotation, the end of the fixed seat protrudes from the end of the rotating mass block, the connecting plate is fixed to the end of the fixed seat, and the compression spring is installed on the connecting plate and the rotating mass. Between the ends of the mass blocks, the half damping mechanism A and the half damping mechanism B are fixed by connecting plates.

Further, the upper surface of the fixed seat is provided with a groove, two large arc surfaces are provided on both sides of the groove, the inner surface of the rotating mass block is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion is There are two small arc surfaces on each side, the protrusion of the rotating mass block is inserted into the groove of the fixed seat, the large arc surface and the small arc surface cooperate to form four circular orbits, and the balls are arranged on the in a circular orbit.

Furthermore, the axial and radial displacements of the rotating mass are restricted by four rows of annular tracks formed by balls, and the rotating mass can freely rotate around the central axis of rotation.

Further, the compression spring adopts a high manganese-based alloy material with high damping.

Further, the minimum space dimension V of described device is:

V _min =f(A,B,C,L,M,N,I,O,P)

L≥x ₀ , σ≤σ _f , k ₀ , R, m ₀ .

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) Calculate the rated working frequency of the gear transmission system and the own weight of the gear shaft, and use the portable installation method to directly install the rotary dynamic vibration damping module on the gear shaft without any design changes to the original gear shaft. The vibration originally belonged to the shaft is transmitted to the vibration damping module, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the vibration of the shaft;

(2) Using the vibration damping principle in mechanical vibration, and according to the parameters such as the rotation frequency, weight and external load of the gear shaft, design suitable damping mass blocks and compression springs, and adopt the method of installing compression springs at both ends to adapt Vibration reduction requirements under two working conditions of forward and reverse gears;

(3) The optimal design method of the damping mass block and the compression spring structure is given, and the optimal structural design scheme is obtained to ensure the compactness and feasibility of the vibration damping scheme of the gear transmission system;

(4) High manganese-based high damping alloy material is used to make the vibration damping compression spring, so that the vibration energy can be dissipated through the high damping compression spring, so as to achieve effective vibration reduction;

(5) When the rated working speed is changed, it is only necessary to replace the vibration damping compression spring to adapt to the new working conditions to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction and noise reduction;

(6) The design scheme of the rotating slide rail track and the rotating mass block is adopted, combined with the rail steel ball, to realize the smooth rotation of the mass block around the central axis on the track, which ensures the effectiveness of vibration reduction and the compactness of the module.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an assembly diagram of a rotary dynamic vibration damping gear transmission for a portable high-damping shaft;

Figure 2 is an exploded view of a rotary dynamic vibration damping gear transmission for a portable high damping shaft;

Figure 3 is a general three-dimensional view of vibration reduction;

Figure 4 is an exploded view of the vibration damping assembly;

Figure 5 is a plan view of the vibration damping assembly;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view along the A-A direction in Fig. 5;

Figure 7 is a plan view of a rotating mass;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view along the B-B direction in Fig. 7;

Figure 9 is a plan view of the base;

Figure 10 is a sectional view along the C-C direction in Figure 9;

Figure 11 is a detail view of the connection board.

Markings in the figure: 1, driving shaft; 2, driving bearing; 3, driving gear; 4, driven shaft; 5, driven bearing; 6, driven gear; 7, connecting plate; 8, fixed base; 9, ball ;10, compression spring; 11, rotating mass; 12, compression spring mounting seat; 13, first threaded mounting hole; 14, second threaded mounting hole; 15, vibration damping assembly; 151, semi-vibration damping assembly A ; 152, half vibration damping assembly B.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an assembly diagram of a gear transmission system with a shaft damping module installed, and FIG. 2 is an assembly diagram of the transmission system. As can be seen from the figure, the transmission system is mainly composed of a driving shaft 1, a driving bearing 2, a driving gear 3, a driven shaft 4, a driven bearing 5, a driven gear 6 and a vibration reduction assembly. The vibration damping assembly is mounted on the shaft 4 between the driven bearing 5 and the driven gear 6 . If the vibration damping of the shaft is not considered, it is only necessary to remove the vibration damping assembly. If it is necessary to reduce the vibration and reduce the noise, the vibration damping assembly can be directly installed on the shaft by a quick way.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the damping assembly. It can be seen from the figure that the damping assembly 15 is composed of two semi-vibration damping assemblies A151 and B152. The shafts are fastened together by bolts. FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the vibration damping assembly, wherein the semi-vibration damping assembly A consists of two connecting plates 7 , a fixed seat 8 , four rings of balls 9 , two compression springs 10 and a rotary slider 11 . The structure of the half damping assembly B is exactly the same as that of A. Figures 5 and 6 are plan views and cross-sectional views of the vibration damping assembly. It can be seen from the figures that the mass block 11 is installed on the outermost ring, the rotary fixed seat 8 is installed on the innermost ring, and between the fixed seat 8 and the mass block 11 Four rings of balls 9 are installed, and the balls 9 can limit the freedom of movement of the rotating mass 11 in its radial and axial directions, so that the mass 11 only has the freedom to rotate around the central axis of rotation. The two fixed plates 7 are respectively installed on both ends of the fixed seat 8 by screws, and the two fixed plates 7 and the slider 11 are respectively connected by two compression springs 11, so that the rotation angle of the mass block 11 is affected by the compression springs. 11 limits. The damping modules A and B are fastened together by four connecting plates 7 two by two.

7 and 8 are a plan view and a cross-sectional view of the rotating mass 11 , and FIGS. 9 and 10 are a plan view and a cross-sectional view of the fixed base 8 . It can be seen from the figure that the inner ring of the rotating mass block 11 is inserted into the groove of the fixed base 8, and there are four large arc surfaces on both sides of the groove, which cooperate with the four symmetrical small arc surfaces of the rotating mass block 11 to form four rings. The balls 9 are placed in these four circular orbits, so that the rotating mass 11 is restricted by the four rows of circular orbits formed by the balls 9 to limit the axial and radial displacement, but can revolve around the center of rotation The shaft rotates freely.

FIG. 11 is a detailed structural diagram of the connecting plate 7 , wherein the four first threaded mounting holes 13 are mounted together with the four end surfaces of the two fixing bases 8 . The three second threaded mounting holes 14 are used to fasten the four connecting plates 7 mounted on the semi-vibration damping modules A and B on the transmission shaft 4 in pairs. In this way, the fixed base 8 and the transmission shaft 4 are fixedly installed together, and their relative positions remain unchanged. A compression spring 10 is installed between the compression spring mounting seat 12 on the connecting plate 7 and the end face of the rotary mass 11 , so that the rotary mass 11 and the compression spring 10 constitute a rotary dynamic vibration damping system. It can be seen that the dynamic vibration damping system has not changed the original design, and only needs to install the module on the shaft.

The core principle of the rotary dynamic shock absorber is that the torsional force acting on the gear shaft causes the vibration of the shaft to be transferred to the vibration of the mass block in the rotary vibration damping module, that is, the transfer and consumption of vibration energy is realized. The compression spring 10 is made of high manganese-based high damping alloy material, so that the vibration energy of the vibration damping block will be further dissipated by the high damping compression spring in the form of heat energy.

The design method and process of the dynamic vibration damping module are as follows:

(1) Obtain the rated operating speed n of the gear drive, in rpm, that is, the number of revolutions per minute;

(2) Calculate the shaft frequency f of the system, f=n/60;

(3) Design the total weight m of the mass block to ensure that it is approximately equal to one-tenth of the weight M of the drive shaft, that is, m≈M/10;

f为系统的轴动频率，m₀为质量块的质量，由于f和m均为已知量，则可以通过公式计算出刚度k₀，此处刚度k₀即为压簧所需要设计的刚度；(4) According to the formula

f is the axial frequency of the system, and m ₀ is the mass of the mass block. Since both f and m are known quantities, the stiffness k _{0 can be calculated by the formula, where the stiffness k 0 is} the stiffness required for the design of the compression spring ;

其中r为轴的半径，可以得到压簧8的最大设计压缩量

(5) Assuming that the system input load torque is T, the force acting on the shaft

Where r is the radius of the shaft, the maximum design compression of the compression spring 8 can be obtained

(6) So far, the calculation of three important design parameters in the rotary dynamic vibration damping module has been completed: the weight m ₀ of the rotary mass, the stiffness k ₀ of the compression spring and the designed compression amount of the compression spring x ₀ .

Finally, the structure optimization design of the vibration damping module is carried out to achieve the purpose of the smallest space and the most compact size. Take the cross-sectional area, radian and radius of gyration of the rotating mass 11 as the design variables, which are represented by [ABC] respectively, and take the length of the compression spring, the length and width of the cross-section, the inner and outer diameters of the compression spring and the pitch as the design variables , respectively represented by [LMNI OP]. At the same time, the optimization objective is to _minimize the cylindrical volume V _composed of the outer diameter of the rotating mass block 11 as the diameter and the thickness as the height. _f . The internal available space dimension R of the bearing-shaft-gear system in the original gearbox and the weight m ₀ of the mass block are the boundary conditions. By optimizing the design, the minimum space dimension V is obtained. The formula can be expressed as follows:

V _min =f(A,B,C,L,M,N,I,O,P)

L≥x ₀ ,σ≤σ _f ,k ₀ ,R,m ₀

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A portable rotary power vibration damping gear transmission for a shaft with high damping, comprising a driving shaft (1), a driven shaft (4), a driving gear (3) rotatable around the driving shaft (1), and a driving gear The meshing driven gear (6) rotatable around the driven shaft (4) is characterized in that: a vibration damping mechanism is installed on the driven shaft (4); A mechanism A and a semi-vibration damping mechanism B, the semi-vibration damping mechanism A includes a connecting plate (7), a fixed seat (8), a ball (9), a compression spring (10) and a rotating mass (11), the fixed The seat (8) is fixedly installed with the driven shaft (4), the rotating mass block (11) is installed on the outer ring of the fixed seat (8), and the space between the fixed seat (8) and the rotating mass block (11) is along an arc A number of balls (9) are installed in the direction, so that the rotating mass (11) only has the degree of freedom to rotate around the central axis of rotation, and the end of the fixed seat (8) protrudes relative to the end of the rotating mass (11), The connecting plate (7) is fixed on the end of the fixed seat (8), the compression spring (10) is installed between the connecting plate (7) and the end of the rotating mass block (11), and the half vibration damping mechanism A And the semi-vibration damping mechanism B is fixed by the connecting plate (7). 2. The rotary power vibration damping gear transmission for a portable high-damping shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper surface of the fixing seat (8) is provided with a groove, and two sides of the groove are provided with grooves. Each is provided with two large arc surfaces, the inner surface of the rotating mass block (11) is provided with protrusions, and two small arc surfaces are respectively provided on both sides of the protrusion, and the rotating mass block (11) is provided with two small arc surfaces. The protrusion is inserted into the groove of the fixing seat (8), the large arc surface and the small arc surface are matched to form four annular tracks, and the balls (9) are arranged in the annular tracks. 3 . The rotary power vibration damping gear transmission for a portable high damping shaft according to claim 1 , wherein the rotary mass block ( 11 ) is surrounded by four rows of circular tracks composed of balls ( 9 ). 4 . Restricting axial and radial displacement, the rotating mass (11) can freely rotate around the center axis of rotation. 4 . The rotary power vibration damping gear transmission for a portable high-damping shaft according to claim 1 , wherein the compression spring ( 10 ) is made of a high-manganese-based high-damping alloy material. 5 . 5. a kind of portable high damping shaft rotary power vibration damping gear transmission according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the minimum space dimension V of described device is: V _min =f(A,B,C,L,M,N,I,O,P) L≥x ₀ , σ≤σ _f , k ₀ , R, m ₀ .

Images