CN111286382B - Preparation method and application of compound binder taking potato starch residues as raw materials - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of compound binder taking potato starch residues as raw materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN111286382B CN111286382B CN202010140726.0A CN202010140726A CN111286382B CN 111286382 B CN111286382 B CN 111286382B CN 202010140726 A CN202010140726 A CN 202010140726A CN 111286382 B CN111286382 B CN 111286382B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
- C10L5/14—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种以马铃薯淀粉渣为原料的复配粘结剂的制备方法,涉及粘结剂技术领域，具体包括：向马铃薯淀粉渣中加入氢氧化钠，加水后加热搅拌得糊化液；向该糊化液中加入过氧化氢溶液搅拌；加入硼砂溶液搅拌；再加入聚丙烯酰胺与氯化镁的预混溶液搅拌，即可得该复配粘结剂；本发明还公开了一种粉煤成型干馏制备兰炭的方法。本发明的有益效果是，马铃薯淀粉渣中的淀粉经过氢氧化钠糊化后，在过氧化氢、硼砂等作用下能提高粘结性，大量的纤维素类可将煤粉有机连接在一起；果胶具有良好的乳化、增稠、稳定、凝胶作用，可提高粘结剂的稳定性；采用该粘结剂制得的型煤强度、兰炭强度均较高；原料廉价易得，制备工艺简单，大大降低了生产成本。The invention discloses a preparation method of a compound binder using potato starch residue as a raw material, which relates to the technical field of binders, and specifically includes: adding sodium hydroxide to the potato starch residue, adding water and heating and stirring to obtain a gelatinized liquid adding a hydrogen peroxide solution to the gelatinization solution and stirring; adding a borax solution and stirring; and then adding a premixed solution of polyacrylamide and magnesium chloride and stirring to obtain the compound binder; the invention also discloses a powder A method for preparing blue carbon by dry distillation of coal molding. The beneficial effect of the invention is that, after the starch in the potato starch residue is gelatinized by sodium hydroxide, the cohesiveness can be improved under the action of hydrogen peroxide, borax, etc., and a large amount of cellulose can organically connect the coal powder together; Pectin has good emulsifying, thickening, stabilizing and gelling effects, which can improve the stability of the binder; the strength of briquette and blue charcoal prepared by using the binder are high; the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, and the preparation The process is simple, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of adhesives, in particular to a compound adhesive taking potato starch residues as a raw material, a preparation method and application thereof in pulverized coal molding and dry distillation.
Background
The briquette coal is one of common pulverized coal utilization modes, and the briquette coal technology provides great help for solving pollution caused by pulverized coal utilization and direct combustion of bulk coal. The powdered coal molding dry distillation is a process for preparing semi coke by dry distillation at a certain temperature after the preparation of the molded coal. Because the cost of the binder is too high, some components are easy to decompose at a certain temperature, and the industrial utilization is difficult, so that the search for raw materials with low price, wide sources and environmental protection is particularly critical.
At present, inorganic substances are added into pulverized coal, ash content is increased too much, tar is added to prepare molded coal, the tar has the problems of high viscosity and difficulty in uniform mixing, special equipment is often required to be added, the cost is high, and the pollution to the environment is large, so that the development of a novel adhesive which is low in price and environment-friendly is particularly important.
For example, chinese patent 201210195968.5 discloses a briquette adhesive using potato starch as a raw material, and preparation and application thereof, wherein the briquette adhesive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-22% of potato starch; 60-65% of water; 8-12% of a modifier; 0.2-0.6% of a stabilizer; 0.4-0.6% of an oxidant; 0.3-0.6% of defoaming agent; 2.0-4.0% of complexing agent, and has the problems of high price, low viscosity and low stability of potato starch.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a preparation method and application of a compound binder taking potato starch residues as raw materials.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the compound binder taking the potato starch residues as the raw materials comprises the following steps:
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a. adding sodium hydroxide into potato starch residue of certain mass, adding water, heating to stir for 5-15min at 55-65 deg.C to obtain gelatinized liquid;
b. adding hydrogen peroxide solution into the obtained gelatinized liquid, and continuously stirring for 5-15 min;
c. adding borax solution, and stirring for 5-15 min;
d. adding the pre-mixed solution prepared in advance, and stirring for 15-25min to obtain the compound adhesive.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, in step a, the mass ratio of the potato starch residue to the sodium hydroxide is 20: (4-8).
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the potato starch residue in step a is obtained by pulverizing and sieving with a 100-mesh standard sieve.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step b, the amount of hydrogen peroxide having a mass concentration of 30% is 2 to 3 mL.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, in step c, the mass concentration of the borax solution is 5%, and the addition amount of borax is 2 times of that of hydrogen peroxide.
As a further preference of the invention, in the step d, the premixed solution is prepared by mixing magnesium chloride and polyacrylamide, the mass ratio of the magnesium chloride to the polyacrylamide is (10-15): 1, and the addition amount of the premixed solution is 140-160 mL.
The invention also aims to disclose the application of the compound binder in preparing semi-coke through pulverized coal molding and dry distillation.
The invention also discloses a method for preparing semi-coke by molding and dry distilling pulverized coal by using the compound binder, which specifically comprises the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding tar residues into pulverized coal, adding 55-65mL of prepared compound binder, stirring uniformly, press-forming under 6MPa, keeping the temperature at 25 ℃ for 2 hours, and drying at room temperature for 43-48 hours for later use.
(2) And carrying out dry distillation on the dried molded coal, heating the molded coal from 20 ℃ for 60-120min to 600-700 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2-4h to obtain the semi-coke.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the mass ratio of the pulverized coal to the tar residue is (9-11): 1, and the particle size of the pulverized coal is less than 0.2 mm.
In the invention, the sodium hydroxide added into the potato starch residue can cause the macromolecules in the potato such as colloidal protein, soluble starch and the like to generate coagulation, and the gelatinized liquid is obtained after the water is added and the heating and the stirring are carried out; the gelatinized liquid is added with hydrogen peroxide oxidized starch to improve the stability of the binder; the borax solution is added to enable cross-linking to be generated between molecules of the starch, and an original linear structure is changed into a net structure, so that the viscosity is increased, and the viscosity is enhanced; polyacrylamide and magnesium chloride are common binders, a small amount of polyacrylamide plays a role in auxiliary binding in the process of preparing the briquette at room temperature, and the magnesium chloride can be decomposed into magnesium oxide in the process of dry distillation to enhance the compressive strength of the semi coke.
The invention takes potato starch residue as raw material, compared with the 201210195968.5 disclosed potato starch utilization, the price of the potato starch residue is far lower than that of the potato starch, the potato starch residue contains about 30% of starch and a large amount of cellulose and pectin, after the starch is gelatinized by sodium hydroxide, the cohesiveness is improved under the action of hydrogen peroxide, borax and the like, and simultaneously, a large amount of cellulose is similar to a reinforcement in a composite material, and the coal powder is organically connected together. The invention can effectively utilize cellulose and pectin while utilizing starch, and simultaneously improve the viscosity and stability of the binder.
The beneficial effect of the invention is that,
1. the adhesive prepared by the invention takes potato starch residues as main raw materials, the potato starch residues contain about 30 percent of starch and a large amount of cellulose and pectin, the product obtained by treating the cellulose with alkali is called alkali cellulose, is an important composite material reinforcement and an important viscose fiber raw material, and the pectin is a common stabilizer and adhesive. The starch, cellulose and pectin in the starch residue act simultaneously, so that the obtained adhesive has stronger cohesiveness. The briquette prepared by the binder has high strength and semi-coke strength, the compression strength of the briquette is more than 3000N, the compression strength of the semi-coke is more than 1300N, the briquette and the semi-coke products meet the strength requirement, and meanwhile, the industrial analysis result meets the relevant requirements of industrial and civil fuels and the like in GB/T25211-.
2. The raw materials used in the invention are cheap and easy to obtain, the preparation process is simple, and the production cost of the briquette and the semi-coke is greatly reduced;
3. the method has the advantages of simple process operation and short time consumption, utilizes the potato starch residues as resources, and solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by the potato starch residues.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of compound binder
The preparation method of the compound binder taking the potato starch residue as the raw material comprises the following steps:
11. adding 5g of sodium hydroxide into 20g of potato starch residues, adding 400 ml of water, and heating and stirring at 60 ℃ for 10min to obtain a pasting solution;
12. adding 2.5 ml of hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30% into the obtained gelatinized liquid, and continuously stirring for 10 min;
13. adding 5ml of borax solution with the mass concentration of 5%, and stirring for 10 min;
14. adding 150 ml of premixed solution, mixing the premixed solution with 10g of magnesium chloride and 1g of polyacrylamide, and stirring for 15min to obtain the compound binder.
(2) Preparation of briquette and semi-coke
21. Adding tar residues into pulverized coal, adding 55mL of prepared compound binder, stirring uniformly, press-forming under 6MPa, keeping the temperature at 25 ℃ for 2 hours, and drying at room temperature for 48 hours for later use;
22. and (3) carrying out dry distillation on the dried molded coal, heating the molded coal from 20 ℃ for 60min to 650 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2h to obtain the semi-coke.
Wherein, the compound binder and the pressed molded coal are kept at the constant temperature for 2 hours in a drying oven at the temperature of 25 ℃, and are naturally dried for 2 days at the room temperature.
The mechanical strength of the molded coal and the semi-coke prepared by the method is measured, and the strength of the molded coal and the strength of the semi-coke are 4071.1N/4271.9N and 1263.2N respectively.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: the compound binder is not directly used for preparing the molded coal at the constant temperature of the drying oven of 25 ℃ for 2h, and the prepared molded coal is also not used for drying at the constant temperature of the drying oven of 25 ℃ for 2h and is directly dried at room temperature for 48h for later use. In the preparation method of the compound binder, 8g of sodium hydroxide is added.
The procedure for the preparation of semi-coke was the same as in example 1.
The strength of the obtained briquette and semi-coke is measured, and the strength of the obtained briquette and semi-coke is 3164.8N/2978.6N and 1017.6N respectively.
In comparison, example 2 shows a clear decrease in the strength of the briquettes and semi-coke after no two hours of storage of the binder and briquettes in the 25 ℃ drying oven compared to example 1. The reason is that the cross-linking and thickening of the binder are facilitated under the constant temperature condition, and the moisture in the molded coal is also facilitated not to volatilize too fast, so that the molded coal is cracked.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: in the preparation method of the compound binder, 4g of sodium hydroxide is added into 20g of potato starch residue, 400 ml of water is added, heating is not carried out, and the mixture is directly stirred for 10min to obtain a pasting liquid.
The preparation process of the briquette and the semi-coke is the same as that of the example 1.
The strength of the obtained briquette and semi-coke is measured, and the strength of the obtained briquette and semi-coke is 2522.7N/3138.1N and 954.2N respectively.
Comparing with example 1, example 3 shows that the gelatinization process is not heated and is directly stirred, and probably part of potato starch residues are not dispersed and dissolved, and the gelatinization is incomplete, so that the strength of the molded coal and the semi-coke is obviously reduced.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that: in the preparation method of the compound binder, 8g of sodium hydroxide is added.
The preparation process of the briquette and the semi-coke is the same as that of the example 1.
The strength of the obtained briquette and semi-coke is measured, and the strength of the obtained briquette and semi-coke is 2281.2N/2493.9N and 1057.9N respectively.
Compared with the example 1, in the example 4, the excessive sodium hydroxide is added in the gelatinization process, the effects of cellulose and pectin are seriously damaged while starch is gelatinized, and simultaneously, after the gelatinization is finished, the excessive sodium hydroxide reacts with magnesium chloride in the premixed solution to generate magnesium hydroxide, so that the enhanced bonding effect of the magnesium chloride is weakened, the strength of both the briquette and the semi-coke is reduced, and the strength of the briquette is relatively reduced greatly.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that: meanwhile, in the preparation process of the semi-coke, the semi-coke is heated to 650 ℃ from 20 ℃ for 60min and is kept at the constant temperature for 4h and 6 h.
The strength of the obtained briquette and semi-coke is measured, and the obtained briquette and semi-coke respectively have the strength of 4071.1N/4271.9N and 1384.3N when the strength is 4 hours, and the strength of 4071.1N/4271.9N and 1064.2N when the strength is 6 hours.
Compared with example 1, the blue charcoal strength is increased by increasing a certain dry distillation time while the strength requirement is met in example 5, which indicates that the increase of the dry distillation time is beneficial to the overflow of volatile matters in the blue charcoal, but the dry distillation time is too long, which can cause the decomposition of partial binders such as gelatinized starch, cellulose and pectin, and the strength is reduced.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is that: adding 13g of magnesium chloride and 1g of polyacrylamide into the premixed solution, and mixing to obtain the magnesium chloride-polyacrylamide premixed solution.
The strength of the obtained briquette and semi-coke is measured, and the strength of the obtained briquette and semi-coke is 3762.3N/3307.3N and 1715.3N respectively.
The comparison shows that in the example 6, compared with the example 1, the strength of the briquette coal is reduced and the semi-coke strength is increased while the strength requirement is met, which shows that the effect of polyacrylamide is weakened while the amount of the inorganic binder magnesium chloride is increased, which is beneficial to increasing the semi-coke strength.
Example 7
The difference from example 6 is that: in the preparation process of the semi-coke, the initial temperature of 20 ℃ is heated to 650 ℃ over 120 min.
The strength of the obtained briquette and semi-coke is measured, and the strength of the obtained briquette and semi-coke is 3762.3N/3307.3N and 1384.3N respectively.
Compared with example 6, in example 7, the carbonization speed is too fast in the carbonization process of semi coke, which results in that volatile matters in the semi coke are volatilized too fast, and the strength of the semi coke is weakened.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for preparing semi-coke by pulverized coal molding and dry distillation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding tar residues into pulverized coal, adding 55-65mL of prepared compound binder, stirring uniformly, press-forming under 6MPa, keeping the temperature at 25 ℃ for 2 hours, and drying at room temperature for 43-48 hours for later use;
(2) performing dry distillation on the dried molded coal, heating the molded coal from 20 ℃ for 60-120min to 600-700 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2-4h to obtain semi coke;
the compound adhesive takes potato starch residues as raw materials, and the preparation method of the compound adhesive specifically comprises the following steps:
a. adding sodium hydroxide into potato starch residue of certain mass, adding water, heating and stirring for 5-15min at 55-65 deg.C to obtain gelatinized liquid;
b. adding hydrogen peroxide solution into the obtained gelatinized liquid, and continuously stirring for 5-15 min;
c. adding borax solution, and stirring for 5-15 min;
d. adding the pre-mixed solution prepared in advance, and stirring for 15-25min to obtain the compound binder;
the premixed solution is prepared by mixing magnesium chloride and polyacrylamide, and the mass ratio of the magnesium chloride to the polyacrylamide is (10-15): 1.
2. The method for preparing semi-coke through pulverized coal molding and dry distillation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step a, the mass ratio of the potato starch residue to the sodium hydroxide is 20: (4-8).
3. The method for preparing semi-coke through pulverized coal molding and dry distillation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the potato starch residue obtained in step a is screened through a standard sieve of 100 meshes after being crushed.
4. The method for preparing semi-coke through pulverized coal molding dry distillation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step b, the amount of the hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 30% is 2-3 mL.
5. The method for preparing semi-coke through pulverized coal molding dry distillation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step c, the mass concentration of the borax solution is 5%, and the addition volume of the borax solution is 2 times of the volume of the hydrogen peroxide.
6. The method for preparing semi-coke through pulverized coal molding and dry distillation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step d, the addition amount of the premixed solution is 140-160 mL.
7. The method for preparing semi-coke by molding and dry distillation of pulverized coal as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the pulverized coal to the tar residue is (9-11): 1, and the particle size of the pulverized coal is less than 0.2 mm.
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2020
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