CN111285920B - 特异结合结核分枝杆菌的氨基酸序列、核苷酸序列及应用 - Google Patents
特异结合结核分枝杆菌的氨基酸序列、核苷酸序列及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种特异结合结核分枝杆菌的氨基酸序列或其衍生物,所述氨基酸序列或其衍生物含有如SEQ ID NO:1所示的氨基酸序列。本发明还公开了编码该氨基酸的核苷酸序列以及该氨基酸序列的应用。本发明公开的氨基酸序列,可特异结合分枝杆菌,用于结核病的诊断,提高诊断灵敏度和特异性,为结核病靶向诊断提供一种新的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,特别涉及一种特异结合结核分枝杆菌的氨基酸序列、核苷酸序列及应用。
背景技术
结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis,M.tb)感染引起的结核病(Tuberculosis,TB)是一种严重威胁公共卫生安全的世界性传染病。在结核病治疗方面,尽管大多数患者通过药物治疗可以康复,但患者康复后体内仍然有少量的滞留菌,当机体处于免疫抑制状态或者免疫力低下时,滞留菌会大量增殖,再次导致结核病的发生。随着近年M.tb多重耐药性菌株的出现、结核病病原体的交叉感染、人口流动的增加以及对结核病控制的忽视等因素,都使得结核病的防控难度加大。
巨噬细胞是机体抵抗M.tb感染的主要初始效应细胞,同时也是M.tb潜伏感染的主要宿主细胞。M.tb与巨噬细胞的相互作关系极其复杂,首先,M.tb由呼吸道进入体内,经吞噬作用被巨噬细胞摄入胞内,刺激巨噬细胞产生细胞因子和趋化因子,这些因子在诱导天然免疫,获得性免疫和凋亡过程中发挥重要作用。当M.tb存在于成熟的吞噬体中时,巨噬细胞中的溶酶体酶,抗菌肽等可进一步杀伤M.tb。但M.tb自身具有多种逃逸巨噬细胞杀伤的机制,包括改变巨噬细胞的摄取方式、抑制并抵制吞噬小体的酸化、抑制吞噬溶酶体的形成、抑制巨噬细胞的凋亡等,最终导致机体潜伏感染。
1985年,Smith第一次将外源基因插入丝状噬菌体的基因,使目的基因编码的多肽以融合蛋白的形式展示在噬菌体表面,从而创建了噬菌体展示技术,自此开启了靶向肽研究的新篇章。噬菌体展示技术是以抗原表位为切入点,筛选出可以和M.tb特异结合的短肽。Smith通过基因工程的手段将EcoRⅠ内切酶的一个基因片段插入到丝状噬菌体的外壳蛋白基因gⅢ中,使得EcoRⅠ内切酶的这个片段与噬菌体的外壳蛋白PⅢ融合表达。该技术可以将外源基因与丝状噬菌体外壳蛋白基因融合,从而使外源蛋白或多肽以融合蛋白的形式融合表达在PⅧ或PⅢ的N端,进而展示在噬菌体颗粒的表面。被展示的蛋白或多肽可保持相对独立的空间结构和生物活性,并且不影响噬菌体的包装和复制。通过生物淘选,可以从噬菌体库中选择性地得到与靶分子相结合的多肽,从而分离展示可以特异性结合靶向蛋白的噬菌体。将噬菌体展示技术应用到疾病的影像和治疗当中是目前新兴的疾病诊断治疗思路。
早期诊断是治疗和终止结核病的首要环节,但是传统的生物学技术例如镜鉴法,培养法存在假阳性,易污染,耗时长,无法定量等缺点,难以在基层实验室开展;随着分子诊断技术的不断发展,衍生出全自动实时荧光核酸扩增等技术,又存在成本高,技术难度大等缺陷,不能普遍使用。总的来说,现有实验室诊断方法还存在很多的局限性,找到一种快速、准确、经济、方便的诊断方法十分必要。
发明内容
发明目的:针对上述结核分枝杆菌引起的结核病的检测的成本及技术上的缺陷和不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种氨基酸序列,通过该氨基酸序列对结合分枝杆菌的特异专一结合,用于结核病的诊断,提高诊断灵敏度和特异性,为结核病靶向诊断提供一种新的方法。本发明提供了一种编码该氨基酸序列的核苷酸序列。本发明还提供了氨基酸序列的应用。
技术方案:本发明第一方面提供了一种特异结合结核分枝杆菌的氨基酸序列或其衍生物,所述氨基酸序列或其衍生物含有如SEQ ID NO:1所示的氨基酸序列。
本发明第二方面提供了一种特异结合结核分枝杆菌的短肽或其衍生物,所述短肽的序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
本发明第三方面提供了编码上述短肽的核苷酸序列,所述核苷酸序列如SEQ IDNO:2所示。
本发明第四方面提供了上述的氨基酸序列或短肽或核苷酸序列在制备检测结核分枝杆菌试剂盒或产品中的应用。
本发明第五方面提供了一种检测结核分枝杆菌的试剂盒或产品,所述试剂盒或产品中含有上述的氨基酸序列或短肽或核苷酸序列。
本发明第六方面提供了所述的短肽或多肽在制备结核病药物载体中的应用。
本发明第七方面提供了一种检测结核分枝杆菌的方法,利用包含如SEQ ID NO:1所示的氨基酸序列或如SEQ ID NO:2所示的核苷酸序列检测结核分枝杆菌。
本发明短肽的筛选方法,包含以下步骤:
(1)将M.tb包被在平板上,将噬菌体展示随机七肽库加入包被和封闭后的平板中进行亲和淘选,进行吸附、洗涤、洗脱、扩增的循环进行,经过生物学淘选,测定每轮淘选后的噬菌体滴度;
(2)从计数平板上随机选择多株噬菌体,挑选每一个噬菌体至OD0.5的E.coliER2738菌液中,培养4-5h,离心,取上清,加入PEG-8000/Nacl对噬菌体进行沉淀,离心,得到的沉淀用适量TBS溶液溶解,得到每一个噬菌体单克隆的扩增产物;
(3)将噬菌体单克隆扩增产物加入到已经包被好M.tb的平板上,通过噬菌体ELISA测定各株噬菌体对结核分支杆菌的结合强度,对其中结合强度最强的噬菌体进行测序,分析测序结果得到上述的短肽。
有益效果:(1)本发明通过使用噬菌体展示技术进行淘选,提供一种氨基酸序列,通过该氨基酸序列对结合分枝杆菌的特异专一结合,用于结核病的诊断,提高诊断灵敏度和特异性,可作为结核病靶向诊断;(2)本发明提供的氨基酸序列还可利用筛选出的多肽特异结合M.tb的特点,可以作为结核病治疗的靶向肽,为结核病药物的入膜,递送,起到主动靶向的作用,特异性结合M.tb的细菌表面以达到靶向输送的作用;(3)本发明提供一种特异结合结核分枝杆菌的氨基酸序列及其衍生物,由于其氨基酸长度很小,所以本身低毒,对周边的正常细胞组织无明显损害作用,在非靶点位置能快速被清除,不会给机体带来负担;(4)本发明提供的这种特异结合结核分枝杆菌的七肽可以根据临床需求进行优化,也可以调整结构增加对蛋白酶降解的稳定性、控制在体内中的半衰期。以替换抗体作为检测元件检测结核分枝杆菌,更好的结合靶标;(5)本发明提供的这种特异结合结核分枝杆菌的七肽稳定性高,易于储存运输;(6)本发明提供的这种特异结合结核分枝杆菌的七肽,并提供了用于人工合成该七肽的编码基因,方便体外合成,简化制备过程,节约成本。
附图说明
图1为挑选的20个噬菌体克隆P-ELISA检测的结果,图中横坐标为噬菌体克隆,纵坐标为OD450值,M.tb cfu为5×108;
图2为竞争ELISA检测M.tb结果,显示OD值与M.tb浓度曲线,图中横坐标为M.tb的浓度,纵坐标为OD450值;
图3为将Thanos1注射到结核病小鼠模型的肺部的免疫组化图,其中,A图为对照组,B图为M.tb组。
具体实施方式
一、实验试剂
LB培养基:每升含10g蛋白胨,5g酵母提取物,5g NaCl,高压灭菌,室温贮存。
LB/IPTG/Xgal平板:LB培养基+15g/L琼脂粉。高压灭菌,冷却至低于70℃时,加入1mL IPTG/Xgal,混匀倒平板。平板4℃避光贮存。
顶层琼脂:每升含10g蛋白胨,5g酵母提取物,5g NaCl,7g琼脂粉。高压灭菌,分成50ml等份,固体培养基室温贮存,用时微波炉融化。
四环素贮液:以20mg/mL的浓度溶于70%乙醇中,-20℃避光贮存,用前摇匀。
LB-Tet平板:LB培养基+15g/L琼脂粉。高压灭菌,冷却至低于70℃时,加入1mL四环素贮液,混匀倒平板,平板4℃避光贮存。
PEG/NaCl:20%(w/v)PEG-8000,2.5M NaCl,高压灭菌,室温贮存。
IPTG/Xgal配方:将1.25g IPTG(isopropylβ-D-thiogalactoside)和1g Xgal溶于25mL二甲基甲酰胺中,-20℃避光贮存。
TBS:50mM Tris-HCl(pH 7.5),150mM NaCl。高压灭菌,室温贮存。
PBST溶液:在PBS溶液中加入体积比为0.05%/0.02%的吐温20。
碘化物缓冲液:10mM Tris-HCl(pH 8.0),1mM EDTA,4M NaI。室温避光贮存。
0.2M Glycine-HCl(pH 2.2),1M Tris-HCl(pH 9.1),高压灭菌,室温贮存。
噬菌体:NEB公司提供的7肽试剂盒(7Phage Display Peptide Library Kit)。
二、实验结果
实施例1:噬菌体文库的扩增及纯化
接种E.coli ER2738单菌落于5-10ml LB液体培养基中,37℃,200rpm摇床孵育至对数中期(OD600≈0.5);加入10ul噬菌体(来源于NEB公司),37℃,200rpm摇床震荡4-5h,10000g离心10min,取上清;再次10000g离心10min,取80%上清,加入1/6体积的PEG8000/NaCl,4℃静置过夜。次日取出,白色沉淀即为噬菌体。10000g离心15分钟,倒掉上清,瞬时离心后轻轻吸出残留溶液;加入1ml TBS溶液溶解白色沉淀。
实施例2:结合M.tb的七肽的淘选及鉴定
(1)噬菌体滴度测定
接种E.coli ER2738单菌落于5-10ml LB液体培养基中,37℃,250rpm摇床孵育至对数中期(OD600≈0.5);微波炉加热融化顶层琼脂糖培养基,分成3mL/份分装到灭菌试管中,每个噬菌体稀释度用一管,保存于45℃备用;37℃预温LB/IPTG/Xgal琼脂平板,每个噬菌体稀释梯度取一个平板备用;用LB培养液对噬菌体进行10倍比系列稀释(稀释范围:扩增的噬菌体培养物上清:108-1011;未扩增的淘选洗脱物:101-104);每个稀释度换一新吸头,使用带滤芯吸头以避免交叉污染;当大肠杆菌菌液达对数中期时,将菌液分成200μL等份于微量离心管中,每个噬菌体稀释度用一管;每管大肠杆菌菌液中分别加入10μL不同稀释倍数的噬菌体,快速震荡混匀,室温温育1-5min;将噬菌体感染的大肠杆菌菌液加入45℃预温的顶层琼脂糖培养基管中,每次一管,快速混匀,立即倾注于37℃预温的LB/IPTG/Xgal琼脂平板上。适当倾斜平板将上层琼脂均匀铺开;待平板冷却5min后,倒置于37℃孵箱,培养过夜;检查平板,计数有1×102个噬菌斑的平板上的斑数,然后,用此数目乘以稀释因子即得到每10μL噬菌体的空斑形成单位(pifu)滴度。
(2)M.tb特异性噬菌体的富集
以5×108浓度的M.tb包被免疫试管并于4℃封闭过夜,TBST洗涤6次后加入噬菌体肽库,37℃振荡孵育1h,TBST洗涤10次去除未结合的噬菌体,加0.2mol/L Glycine-HCl(pH2.2)1mL振荡10min洗脱特异结合的噬菌体,加150μL1mol/L Tris-HCl(pH 9.1)中和,取10μL洗脱产物计数噬菌体的滴度,其余洗脱产物感染大肠杆菌ER2738扩增并纯化噬菌体,得到次级库,对次级库滴度进行测定后进入下一轮筛选程序。
(3)特异性结合噬菌体的筛选
重复步骤(2)的方法再进行四轮淘选,每一轮的滴度如表1所示,第1轮洗涤条件是体积比0.1%的Tween20,第2和第3轮Tween-20浓度变为0.3%(v/v),第4轮Tween-20浓度为0.5%(v/v)。
表1特异性噬菌体富集第一轮至第四轮噬菌体投入产出表
投入滴度 | 产出滴度 | |
第一轮 | 2×10<sup>11</sup> | 2.92×10<sup>10</sup> |
第二轮 | 2×10<sup>11</sup> | 2.3×10<sup>10</sup> |
第三轮 | 2×10<sup>11</sup> | 3.1×10<sup>11</sup> |
第四轮 | 2×10<sup>11</sup> | ------ |
实施例3:M.tb特异性噬菌体的鉴定
随机挑取第三轮筛选后滴度测定平板上的分离良好的单菌落20个,经过分别培养纯化后,用噬菌体ELISA检测各株噬菌体对M.tb的结合活性。具体步骤如下为:分别以M.tb和Blocking包被酶标板,每组三个平行,并于4℃封闭过夜,TBST洗涤6次后加入纯化后的噬菌体100μL,37℃振荡孵育1h,TBST洗涤10次去除未结合的噬菌体,加入HRP标记的鼠抗M13单克隆抗体100μL,37℃振荡孵育1h,TBST洗涤10次,加TMB底物室温避光反应5~10min,2mol/L硫酸终止反应,于450nm波长测定OD值,以P/N≥2.1为阳性。
挑选的20个噬菌体克隆P-ELISA检测的结果如图1所示,横坐标为噬菌体克隆,纵坐标为OD 450值,M.tb cfu为5×108,检测结果显示,有15株噬菌体表现出对M.tb的结合,提取这15株噬菌体ssDNA,阳性克隆的菌液DNA测序由上海生工生物技术公司完成,引物为-96gⅢ(序列为5’-HOCCCTCATAGTTAGCGTAACC-3’),实施例中涉及的核苷酸序列为:tgtgagacggagactagtttc(SEQ ID NO:2)
使用DNAMAN和Swiss数据库序列进行分析,获得相应的氨基酸序列:Glu Thr SerCys Arg Leu Thr(SEQ ID NO:1),命名为Thanos1。
实施例4:序列的结合活性测定
分别以不同数量的M.tb和Blocking包被平板并于4℃封闭过夜,TBST洗涤6次,加入展示有Thanos1序列的噬菌体2×1011(以相同滴度的无关噬菌体为对照),TBST洗涤10次去除未结合的噬菌体,加入HRP标记的鼠抗M13单克隆抗体100μL,37℃振荡孵育1h,TBST洗涤10次;加TMB室温避光反应5~10min,2mol/L硫酸终止反应,于490nm波长测定OD值。竞争ELISA检测M.tb的结果如图2所示,图2中横坐标为M.tb的浓度,纵坐标为OD 450的值,从图中可以看出,展示有Thanos1序列的噬菌体表现出对M.tb的特异性结合。
实施例5:取ICR小鼠5只,采用滴鼻方法接种M.tb 40μL,浓度为2.5×108CFU/mL,结核病小鼠模型,称作M.tb组;另取ICR小鼠5只,采用滴鼻方式接种等量的PBS溶液,作为结核病小鼠模型的对照组。分别选取不同组的ICR小鼠的肺组织切片,进行特异性噬菌体免疫组化检测,如图3所示,可以发现结核病小鼠模型病变部位出现典型的黄色或棕色颗粒,和对照组有显著差异。提示可以应用Thanos1,建立结核病的检测新方法。
序列表
<110> 宁夏大学
<120> 特异结合结核分枝杆菌的氨基酸序列、核苷酸序列及应用
<160> 2
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 1
Glu Thr Ser Cys Arg Leu Thr
1 5
<210> 2
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 2
tgtgagacgg agactagttt c 21
Claims (5)
1.一种特异结合结核分枝杆菌的短肽,其特征在于,该短肽的氨基酸序列如SEQ IDNO:1所示。
2.一种编码如权利要求1所述的短肽的核苷酸序列,其特征在于,所述核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的短肽或如权利要求2所述的核苷酸序列在制备检测结核分枝杆菌试剂盒或产品中的应用。
4.一种检测结核分枝杆菌的试剂盒或产品,其特征在于,所述试剂盒或产品中含有如权利要求1所述的短肽或如权利要求2所述的核苷酸序列。
5.一种如权利要求1所述的短肽在制备治疗结核病药物载体中的应用。
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