CN111267577B - Thermal management system of pure electric vehicle - Google Patents
Thermal management system of pure electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111267577B CN111267577B CN202010211467.6A CN202010211467A CN111267577B CN 111267577 B CN111267577 B CN 111267577B CN 202010211467 A CN202010211467 A CN 202010211467A CN 111267577 B CN111267577 B CN 111267577B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00485—Valves for air-conditioning devices, e.g. thermostatic valves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/04—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant from cooling liquid of the plant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a heat management system of a pure electric vehicle, which comprises a compressor, wherein the compressor is respectively connected with a first stop valve and a second stop valve, the second stop valve is respectively connected with a seventh stop valve and a second electronic expansion valve through an external heat exchanger, the first stop valve is respectively connected with the seventh stop valve and the second electronic expansion valve through a warm air core, the second electronic expansion valve is connected with a second cooler, the first cooler is respectively connected with the first electronic expansion valve and the eighth stop valve, the seventh stop valve is respectively connected with a third stop valve, a fourth stop valve and a fifth stop valve through the first electronic expansion valve, the third stop valve is connected with a ninth stop valve through an external heat exchanger, the fourth stop valve is connected with a first cooler, the fifth stop valve is connected with a second check valve through an evaporator, the ninth stop valve, the first cooler and the eighth stop valve are respectively connected with a first check valve and a second check valve respectively connected with a drying tank; the invention greatly reduces the energy consumption of the system, increases the driving range of the whole vehicle, reduces the required parts, can reduce the cost of the whole vehicle and saves the arrangement space.
Description
[ Technical field ]
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile thermal management, in particular to a thermal management system of a pure electric automobile.
[ Background Art ]
At present, the new energy electric automobile heat management system generally provides heat for a passenger cabin and a power battery by an electric heater so as to ensure the comfort of the passenger cabin and the normal operation of the power battery at low temperature. The power of the electric heater is usually 6-10KW, and a set of thermal management system can comprise more than two heaters, so that the mode can ensure the operation functions of heating and power batteries, but has high energy consumption, is very unfavorable for energy management, and seriously reduces the driving range at low temperature.
Although many manufacturers of pure electric vehicles are equipped with heat pump systems, the heat pump systems can replace heaters to provide heat for the whole vehicle under certain conditions, and the high-efficiency and low-energy-consumption operation of the systems is ensured. However, most heat pump air conditioning systems fail when the ambient temperature is below about-7 ℃. At lower ambient temperatures, there is still a need for an electric heater to continue to supply heat thereto. Therefore, the pure electric vehicle with the heat pump system is usually provided with the auxiliary electric heater at the same time, the system is complex, and the cost is usually high. Therefore, it would be of great practical importance if a new and efficient automotive thermal management system could be provided.
[ Summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to solve the defects and provide the heat management system for the pure electric vehicle, which greatly reduces the energy consumption of the system, increases the driving range of the whole vehicle, reduces the required parts, can reduce the cost of the whole vehicle and saves the arrangement space.
The heat management system for the pure electric vehicle comprises a refrigerant circulation loop, wherein a compressor 14, an external heat exchanger 25, a first cooler 22, a second cooler 18 and an evaporator 13 are arranged in the refrigerant circulation loop, the compressor 14 is respectively connected with a first stop valve 15 and a second stop valve 16 through pipelines, the second stop valve 16 is connected with the external heat exchanger 25 through pipelines, the external heat exchanger 25 is respectively connected with a seventh stop valve 5 and a second electronic expansion valve 7 through pipelines, the first stop valve 15 is connected with a warm air core 12 through pipelines, the warm air core 12 is respectively connected with the seventh stop valve 5 and the second electronic expansion valve 7 through pipelines, the second electronic expansion valve 7 is connected with the second cooler 18 through pipelines, the second cooler 18 is respectively connected with the first electronic expansion valve 6 and the eighth stop valve 17 through pipelines, a stop valve six 21 is arranged on a pipeline between the cooler two 18 and the electronic expansion valve one 6, the stop valve seven 5 is connected with the electronic expansion valve one 6 through a pipeline, the electronic expansion valve one 6 is respectively connected with a stop valve three 3, a stop valve four 4 and a stop valve five 8 through pipelines, the stop valve three 3 is connected with an external heat exchanger 25 through a pipeline, the external heat exchanger 25 is connected with a stop valve nine 23 through a pipeline, the stop valve four 4 is connected with the cooler one 22 through a pipeline, the stop valve five 8 is connected with an evaporator 13 through a pipeline, the evaporator 13 is connected with a check valve two 10 through a pipeline, the stop valve nine 23, the cooler one 22 and the stop valve eight 17 are respectively connected with a check valve one 9 through a pipeline, the check valve one 9 and the check valve two 10 are respectively connected with a drying tank 11 through pipelines, the drying tank 11 is connected to a compressor 14 through a pipe to constitute a refrigerant circulation circuit.
Further, the first cooler 22 is connected with the PWT power system 2 through a pipeline, the PWT power system 2 is connected with the radiator 1 through a pipeline, the radiator 1 is connected with the power system water pump 24 through a pipeline, the power system water pump 24 is connected to the first cooler 22 through a pipeline, and the radiator 1, the power system water pump 24, the first cooler 22 and the PWT power system 2 form a power system cooling loop.
Further, the second cooler 18 is connected with a battery loop water pump 19 through a pipeline, the battery loop water pump 19 is connected with a battery 20 through a pipeline, and the battery 20, the battery loop water pump 19 and the second cooler 18 form a battery circulation loop.
Further, the warm air core 12 and the evaporator 13 are both disposed in the passenger cabin, and the warm air core 12 is connected to the external heat exchanger 25 through a pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention does not need an electric heater, effectively utilizes waste heat of a power system, can save energy and reduce cost while meeting the normal operation of each module, has a simple structure and requires fewer parts;
(2) The invention does not use an electric heater, so that the energy consumption of the system is greatly reduced, and the driving range of the whole vehicle is increased;
(3) The invention adopts a parallel system, can reduce the cost of the whole vehicle, saves the arrangement space, and is convenient for post-manufacturing of control logic strategies;
(4) The heat management system has the advantages of few components, less cooling liquid, light weight of the whole vehicle, reduced energy consumption of the system and popularization and application value.
[ Description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the battery and passenger compartment heating of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the heating of the passenger compartment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the heating of the passenger compartment at very low ambient temperatures in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the battery and passenger compartment cooling of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cooling of the passenger compartment of the present invention;
In the figure: 1. radiator 2, PWT driving system 3, stop valve three 4, stop valve four 5, stop valve seven 6, electronic expansion valve one 7, electronic expansion valve two 8, stop valve five 9, one-way valve one 10, one-way valve two 11, drying tank 12, warm air core 13, evaporator 14, compressor 15, stop valve one 16, stop valve two 17, stop valve eight 18, cooler two 19, battery loop water pump 20, battery 21, stop valve six 22, cooler one 23, stop valve nine 24, driving system water pump 25, external heat exchanger.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle, in which: the radiator, the power system water pump, the first cooler and the PWT power system are connected with each other to form a power system cooling loop; the battery, the battery loop water pump and the second cooler are connected with each other to form a battery circulation loop; the refrigerant circulation system is composed of a compressor, an external heat exchanger, two electronic expansion valves, two coolers, an evaporator, a plurality of stop valves, two one-way valves and a plurality of pipelines. At low temperature, the system can provide heat for the temperature rise of the passenger cabin and the battery; at extremely low temperature, the power system exchanges heat with the refrigerant circulation system through the cooler, so that the heat pump system continuously operates; at high temperature, the system provides cooling capacity for cooling the passenger cabin and the battery.
The heat management system of the pure electric vehicle comprises a refrigerant circulation loop, wherein a compressor 14, an external heat exchanger 25, a first cooler 22, a second cooler 18 and an evaporator 13 are arranged in the refrigerant circulation loop, the compressor 14 is respectively connected with a first stop valve 15 and a second stop valve 16 through pipelines, the second stop valve 16 is connected with the external heat exchanger 25 through pipelines, the external heat exchanger 25 is respectively connected with a seventh stop valve 5 and a second electronic expansion valve 7 through pipelines, the first stop valve 15 is connected with a warm air core 12 through pipelines, the warm air core 12 is respectively connected with the seventh stop valve 5 and the second electronic expansion valve 7 through pipelines, the second electronic expansion valve 7 is connected with the second cooler 18 through pipelines, the second cooler 18 is respectively connected with the first electronic expansion valve 6 and the eighth stop valve 17 through pipelines, a stop valve six 21 is arranged on a pipeline between the cooler two 18 and the electronic expansion valve one 6, a stop valve seven 5 is connected with the electronic expansion valve one 6 through a pipeline, the electronic expansion valve one 6 is respectively connected with a stop valve three 3, a stop valve four 4 and a stop valve five 8 through pipelines, the stop valve three 3 is connected with an external heat exchanger 25 through a pipeline, the external heat exchanger 25 is connected with a stop valve nine 23 through a pipeline, the stop valve four 4 is connected with a cooler one 22 through a pipeline, the stop valve five 8 is connected with an evaporator 13 through a pipeline, the evaporator 13 is connected with a check valve two 10 through a pipeline, the stop valve nine 23, the cooler one 22 and the stop valve eight 17 are respectively connected with a check valve one 9 through a pipeline, the check valve one 9 and the check valve two 10 are respectively connected with a drying tank 11 through pipelines, and the drying tank 11 is connected with a compressor 14 through a pipeline to form a refrigerant circulation loop; the warm air core 12 and the evaporator 13 are both arranged in the passenger cabin, and the warm air core 12 is connected with the external heat exchanger 25 through a pipeline. The first cooler 22 is connected with the PWT power system 2 through a pipeline, the PWT power system 2 is connected with the radiator 1 through a pipeline, the radiator 1 is connected with the power system water pump 24 through a pipeline, the power system water pump 24 is connected to the first cooler 22 through a pipeline, and the radiator 1, the power system water pump 24, the first cooler 22 and the PWT power system 2 form a power system cooling loop. The second cooler 18 is connected with the battery loop water pump 19 through a pipeline, the battery loop water pump 19 is connected with the battery 20 through a pipeline, and the battery 20, the battery loop water pump 19 and the second cooler 18 form a battery circulation loop.
The invention relates to a pure electric vehicle thermal management system, which comprises 3 subsystems; (1) The air-conditioning heat pump system can be responsible for heating and cooling the passenger cabin and the battery pack; (2) Cooling the power system to reduce the temperature of the high-pressure part of the power loop; and (3) heating and cooling the battery pack. In fig. 1, thick lines represent the coolant circuit, and thin lines represent the refrigerant circuit. The following table shows the opening and closing control conditions of the electromagnetic valve under each function of the thermal management system, wherein SV1 to SV9 respectively represent the stop valves one to nine, and the detailed thermal management architecture is shown in fig. 1.
| Functional items | SV1 | SV2 | SV3 | SV4 | SV5 | SV6 | SV7 | SV8 | SV9 |
| 1. Battery and passenger compartment heating | × | × | × | ||||||
| 2. Passenger compartment heating | × | × | × | × | |||||
| 3. Passenger compartment heating at very low ambient temperatures | × | × | × | ||||||
| 4. Battery and passenger compartment cooling | × | × | × | × | |||||
| 5. Passenger cabin cooling | × | × | × |
The invention is further illustrated below in connection with specific examples:
(1) Battery and passenger compartment heating functions, see fig. 2.
The principle is as follows: the stop valve II 16 is closed, the stop valve I15 is opened, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant passing through the compressor 14 enters the warm air core 12 through the stop valve I15 to exchange heat with the passenger cabin, so as to provide heat for passenger cabin heating. The stop valve seven 5 and the stop valve eight 17 are closed, and the refrigerant flows through the electronic expansion valve two 7, so that the refrigerant is expanded and depressurized for the first time, the refrigerant with excessive temperature can be prevented from entering the cooler two 18 connected with the battery system, and heat is provided for battery temperature rise. The stop valve IV 4 is closed, the stop valve III 3 is opened, the electronic expansion valve I6 is controlled to work, throttling and depressurization are carried out, the refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates through the external heat exchanger 25, the stop valve IV 23 is opened, the refrigerant flows through the drying tank 11 through the one-way valve I9 and returns to the compressor 14, and circulation is completed.
(2) The passenger cabin heating function is shown in figure 3.
The principle is as follows: the stop valve II 16 is closed, the stop valve I15 is opened, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant passing through the compressor 14 enters the warm air core 12 through the stop valve I15 to exchange heat with the passenger cabin, so as to provide heat for passenger cabin heating. The stop valve seven 5 is opened, the electronic expansion valve two 7 is closed, the electronic expansion valve one 6 is opened, the stop valve three 3 is opened, the stop valve four 4 is closed, the refrigerant flowing out of the warm air core 12 is throttled and depressurized through the electronic expansion valve one 6, enters the external heat exchanger 25, absorbs heat and evaporates through the external heat exchanger 25, the stop valve nine 23 is opened, and returns to the compressor 14 through the one-way valve one 9 and passes through the drying tank 11, so that the cycle is completed.
(3) The passenger compartment is heated at very low ambient temperatures, see fig. 4.
The principle is as follows: the stop valve II 16 is closed, the stop valve I15 is opened, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant passing through the compressor 14 enters the warm air core 12 through the stop valve I15 to exchange heat with the passenger cabin, so as to provide heat for passenger cabin heating. The stop valve seven 5 is opened, the electronic expansion valve two 7 is closed, the electronic expansion valve one 6 is opened, the stop valve three 3 is closed, the stop valve four 4 is opened, the refrigerant flowing out of the warm air core 12 is throttled and depressurized through the electronic expansion valve one 6, enters the cooler one 22, releases cold energy to the power system through the cooler one 22, the stop valve nine 23 is closed, the refrigerant directly flows to the one-way valve one 9 from the cooler one 22, flows back to the compressor 14 through the drying tank 11, and the cycle is completed.
(4) The battery and passenger compartment are cooled, see fig. 5.
The principle is as follows: the second stop valve 16 is opened, the first stop valve 15 is closed, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flowing through the compressor 14 enters the external heat exchanger 25 through the second stop valve 16 to release heat, the third stop valve 3 is closed, the second electronic expansion valve 7 is opened, the seventh stop valve 5 is opened, the fifth stop valve 8 is opened, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant flowing through the seventh stop valve 5, the first electronic expansion valve 6 and the fifth stop valve 8 enters the evaporator 13 in the HVAC to absorb heat in the passenger cabin and cool the passenger cabin. The low-temperature mortgage gas refrigerant flowing through the electronic expansion valve II 7 enters the cooler II 18 to absorb waste heat of the battery system and cool the battery system. The two branched gas refrigerants then flow through the two check valves back to the drying tank 11, enter the compressor 14, and complete the cycle.
(5) The passenger compartment is cooled, see figure 6.
The principle is as follows: the second stop valve 16 is opened, the first stop valve 15 is closed, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flowing through the compressor 14 enters the external heat exchanger 25 through the second stop valve 16 to release heat, the third stop valve 3 is closed, the second electronic expansion valve 7 is closed, the seventh stop valve 5 is opened, the fifth stop valve 8 is opened, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant flowing through the seventh stop valve 5, the first electronic expansion valve 6 and the fifth stop valve 8 enters the evaporator 13 in the HVAC to absorb heat in the passenger cabin and cool the passenger cabin. After flowing through the evaporator 13, the air flows through the second check valve 10, passes through the drying tank 11 and enters the compressor 14 to complete the circulation.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be equivalent substitutes and are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a pure electric vehicles thermal management system, includes refrigerant circulation loop, be equipped with compressor (14), external heat exchanger (25), cooler one (22), cooler two (18), evaporimeter (13) in the refrigerant circulation loop, its characterized in that: the compressor (14) is respectively connected with the first stop valve (15) and the second stop valve (16) through pipelines, the second stop valve (16) is connected with the external heat exchanger (25) through pipelines, the external heat exchanger (25) is respectively connected with the first stop valve (5) and the second stop valve (7) through pipelines, the first stop valve (15) is connected with the warm air core (12) through pipelines, the warm air core (12) is respectively connected with the first stop valve (5) and the second stop valve (7) through pipelines, the second electronic expansion valve (7) is connected with the second cooler (18) through pipelines, the second cooler (18) is respectively connected with the first electronic expansion valve (6) and the eighth stop valve (17) through pipelines, the first stop valve (5) is connected with the first electronic expansion valve (6) through pipelines, the first electronic expansion valve (6) is respectively connected with the third stop valve (3), the fourth stop valve (4) and the fifth stop valve (8) through pipelines, the third cooler (18) is connected with the first stop valve (25) through pipelines, the fourth stop valve (25) is connected with the first electronic expansion valve (6) through the fourth heat exchanger through pipelines, the stop valve five (8) is connected with the evaporator (13) through a pipeline, the evaporator (13) is connected with the check valve two (10) through a pipeline, the stop valve nine (23), the cooler one (22) and the stop valve eight (17) are respectively connected with the check valve one (9) through pipelines, the check valve one (9) and the check valve two (10) are respectively connected with the drying tank (11) through pipelines, and the drying tank (11) is connected with the compressor (14) through a pipeline so as to form a refrigerant circulation loop.
2. The electric only vehicle thermal management system of claim 1, wherein: the first cooler (22) is connected with the PWT power system (2) through a pipeline, the PWT power system (2) is connected with the radiator (1) through a pipeline, the radiator (1) is connected with the power system water pump (24) through a pipeline, the power system water pump (24) is connected to the first cooler (22) through a pipeline, and the radiator (1), the power system water pump (24), the first cooler (22) and the PWT power system (2) form a power system cooling loop.
3. The electric vehicle thermal management system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the second cooler (18) is connected with the battery loop water pump (19) through a pipeline, the battery loop water pump (19) is connected with the battery (20) through a pipeline, and the battery (20), the battery loop water pump (19) and the second cooler (18) form a battery circulation loop.
4. The electric only vehicle thermal management system of claim 3, wherein: the warm air core body (12) and the evaporator (13) are arranged in the passenger cabin, and the warm air core body (12) is connected with the external heat exchanger (25) through a pipeline.
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| CN202010211467.6A CN111267577B (en) | 2020-03-24 | 2020-03-24 | Thermal management system of pure electric vehicle |
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| CN202010211467.6A CN111267577B (en) | 2020-03-24 | 2020-03-24 | Thermal management system of pure electric vehicle |
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| CN111267577B true CN111267577B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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| CN115593173B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2025-05-06 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Thermal management system of automobile and automobile |
| CN116198275B (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2024-01-23 | 德力新能源汽车有限公司 | Electric automobile air conditioner and power battery thermal management control system and control method |
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| CN111267577A (en) | 2020-06-12 |
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