CN111232890A - Hoisting and lifting gantry system of electric forklift - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric forklift hoisting and lifting portal frame system, which belongs to the technical field of forklift devices and comprises a portal frame, a double-output-shaft motor, a limiting device, two brakes, two self-moving rollers, an L-shaped roller base, two fixed pulleys, two guide pulleys, four movable pulleys and a steel wire rope, wherein the four movable pulleys and the steel wire rope are arranged on a pallet fork; two ends of the steel wire ropes are fixed on the outer sides of the roller A and the roller B, and the steel wire ropes are wound with the movable pulleys, the fixed pulleys and the guide pulleys to form four groups of fixed-movable pulley structures; the steel wire rope is stressed, the roller rotates to wind the steel wire rope, and the fork is driven to ascend through the pulley structure. The lifting gantry system is simple in structure, low in production and maintenance cost and wide in gantry view, lifting efficiency and precision are improved, and service life is long.

Description

An electric forklift hoisting gantry system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of forklift working devices, in particular to an electric forklift hoisting and hoisting mast system.

Background technique

Electric forklifts have the characteristics of no exhaust emissions, environmental protection, low noise, and easy operation, making electric forklifts a major trend in the future development of the forklift industry. Therefore, designing a gantry system with low production cost, high lifting accuracy, long service life and wide working field is of great significance to the application and development of electric forklifts.

At present, electric forklifts generally use hydraulic cylinders as the lifting mechanism of the gantry system, which mainly has the defects of low efficiency, easy oil pollution and high production cost due to the overflow loss of the working device. At present, a patent for the design of the electric forklift gantry system is titled "Forklift gantry system with wire rope full free lifting and motor-driven tilt" (patent application number: 201510604429.6), although the use of pulleys and wire ropes to lift instead of hydraulic cylinders Lifting, but only two wire ropes are stressed to lift the fork, and the transmission distance of the wire rope is long, the wire rope is prone to elastic deformation, resulting in low lifting accuracy of the fork.

Using multiple sets of fixed-moving pulley structure for lifting can effectively reduce the force of a single wire rope, thereby solving the problem of elastic deformation of the wire rope and affecting the lifting accuracy of the fork. For example, the patent "A Liftable Hand-Push Truck" (Patent Application No.: 200710135442.7) uses multiple sets of fixed-moving pulleys to lift the forks, but the wire rope winding device does not have a wire mechanism. It is easy to overlap and affect the life of the wire rope.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electric forklift hoisting and lifting gantry system, which utilizes multiple sets of fixed-moving pulley structures for lifting. The frame has a wide field of vision, improves the lifting efficiency and accuracy of the gantry system, and has a long service life.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: an electric forklift hoisting and lifting mast system, which is characterized in that: comprising a mast, a motor with dual output shafts, a limit device, two brakes, Two self-moving drums, two L-shaped drum bases, two fixed pulleys, two guide pulleys, four movable pulleys installed on the forks and wire ropes; a motor is installed in the middle position above the top of the gantry, and the left and right of the motor are two The output shaft is respectively connected with brake B and brake A, and the shaft end of the motor output shaft is a spline structure; the L-shaped roller base B and L-shaped roller base A with threaded shafts are respectively installed on the left and right sides above the top of the gantry, and the threaded shaft It is on the same axis as the motor output shaft; one side of the inner through holes of the drum A and the drum B is a spline structure, which is matched with the spline at the end of the motor output shaft, and the other side is a threaded hole, which is connected with the threaded shaft on the drum base. Matching; there are fixed pulley B, guide pulley B, guide pulley A and fixed pulley A from left to right under the top of the gantry, and the guide pulley B and guide pulley A are respectively arranged near the left and right sides of the gantry , the direction is perpendicular to the direction of the gantry guide rail; the fixed pulley B and the fixed pulley A are respectively arranged near the left and right sides of the gantry, and the direction is parallel to the direction of the gantry guide rail; above the forks are arranged from left to right. B. Moving pulley C, moving pulley D, moving pulley A, moving pulley B and moving pulley C are a group, arranged on the left side of the fork, the direction is parallel to the direction of the gantry rail, moving pulley D and moving pulley A are a group, arranged on the fork On the right side, the direction is parallel to the direction of the gantry guide rail; the two ends of the wire rope are fixed on the outside of the drum A and the drum B, and the wire rope is wound with the movable pulley, the fixed pulley and the guide pulley to form four sets of fixed-moving pulley structure; Rotate the winding wire rope, and drive the fork to rise through the pulley structure.

A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the limit device includes a limit switch arranged on the upper right of the mast and a limit block arranged on the right side of the fork.

A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the thread pitch of the drum matched with the drum base is the distance of one wire rope diameter.

The further improvement of the technical scheme of the present invention is that: the wire rope is wound with the movable pulley, the fixed pulley and the guide pulley to form four groups of fixed-moving pulley structures. The wire rope goes up and goes around the fixed pulley B and the fixed pulley A goes down, the wire rope goes down and goes around the movable pulley C and the movable pulley D goes up, and the wire rope goes up and goes around the guide pulley, B and the guide pulley A are connected, forming four sets of fixed-moving pulleys. structure.

A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the fixed pulley A on one side of the gantry is located on the neutral plane of the movable pulley D and the movable pulley A on the fork side, and the fixed pulley B on the other side of the gantry is also located on the movable pulley B and the movable pulley A. The neutral plane of the movable pulley C; the tangent point between the guide pulley B and the outside of the wire rope and the inner movable pulley C on one side of the fork are on the same vertical line, and the tangent point between the guide pulley A and the outside of the wire rope and the inner movable pulley D on the other side of the fork are also on the same vertical line.

A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the pulleys of the fixed pulley, the movable pulley and the guide pulley are all U-shaped grooves.

Owing to having adopted the above-mentioned technical scheme, the technical progress that the present invention obtains is:

1. The present invention uses wire rope hoisting to replace the commonly used hydraulic cylinder as the lifting mechanism, does not require complex hydraulic oil circuits, does not produce oil pollution, has a simple structure, and can greatly reduce the production and maintenance costs of the gantry system .

2. The present invention is provided with a thread inside the drum, which cooperates with the threaded shaft on the drum base, and moves adaptively when the drum rotates, so that the wire rope does not overlap when winding on the drum, and the fixed pulleys on the left and right sides of the gantry are located on the left and right of the fork respectively. On the median plane of the two sets of movable pulleys, the tangent points of the left and right guide pulleys of the gantry and the outside of the wire rope are on the same vertical line as the inner movable pulley of the fork, and the pulley groove is U-shaped, and the wire rope is not wound with the pulley. The groove wall is rubbed, the wire rope is not easy to be damaged, and the gantry system has a long service life.

3. The steel wire rope in the present invention goes around the drum and then goes down to the outer movable pulley of the fork, upwards to the fixed pulley of the gantry, downwards to the inner movable pulley of the fork, and upwards to the gantry guide pulley to be connected, forming four groups in total. Fixed-moving pulley structure, a total of 8 wire ropes are stressed to lift the fork, which reduces the force of a single wire rope, effectively avoids the problem of elastic deformation caused by excessive force on the wire rope, and improves the lifting accuracy of the fork .

4. The pulley structure of the present invention is arranged on the left and right sides of the gantry, which ensures a wide field of vision in the middle of the gantry and effectively improves the lifting accuracy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the gantry of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the rear view schematic diagram of the initial state of the gantry of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the rear view schematic diagram of the gantry ceiling state of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the roller and the motor shaft end and the roller shaft in the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of pulleys of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structure schematic diagram of the fork of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the wire rope connection mode of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the groove shape of the pulley of the present invention.

Among them, 1, motor, 2, brake A, 3, drum A, 4, L-shaped drum base A, 5, fixed pulley A, 6, guide pulley A, 7, limit switch, 8, steel wire rope, 9, gantry , 10, movable pulley A, 11, limit block, 12, fork, 13, guide pulley B, 14, fixed pulley B, 15, brake B, 16, L-shaped roller base B, 17, roller B, 18, motor Output shaft, 19, threaded shaft, 20, movable pulley B, 21, movable pulley C, 22, movable pulley D, X, tangent point between wire rope and drum, Y, middle plane of movable pulley, Z, vertical line of inner movable pulley.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with Fig. 1～8 and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, an electric forklift hoisting and lifting gantry system includes a gantry 9, a motor 1 with dual output shafts, a limit device, two brakes, two self-moving rollers, two L type roller base, two fixed pulleys, two guide pulleys, four movable pulleys installed on the fork 12 and wire rope 8; motor 1 is installed in the middle position above the top of the gantry 9, and the left and right output shafts of the motor 1 are respectively connected There are brakes B15 and A2, and the shaft end of the motor output shaft 18 is a spline structure; the L-shaped roller base B16 and the L-shaped roller base A4 with threaded shaft 19 are respectively installed on the left and right sides above the top of the gantry 9, as shown in Figure 4 As shown, the threaded shaft 19 and the motor output shaft 18 are on the same axis; one side of the inner through holes of the drum A3 and the drum B17 is a spline structure, which is matched with the end spline of the motor output shaft 18, and the other side is a threaded hole , which cooperates with the threaded shaft 19 on the drum base; a fixed pulley B14, a guide pulley B13, a guide pulley A6 and a fixed pulley A5 are respectively arranged under the top of the gantry 9 from left to right, and the guide pulley B13 and the guide pulley A6 are respectively arranged in The positions close to the left and right sides of the gantry 9, and the direction is perpendicular to the direction of the gantry guide rails; the fixed pulley B14 and the fixed pulley A5 are respectively arranged near the left and right sides of the gantry 9, and the directions are parallel to the direction of the gantry guide rails; A movable pulley B20, a movable pulley C21, a movable pulley D22, and a movable pulley A10 are respectively arranged above the fork 12 from left to right. The movable pulley B20 and the movable pulley C21 form a group and are arranged on the left side of the fork 12. The direction is parallel to the direction of the gantry guide rail. The movable pulley D22 and the movable pulley A10 are a group, arranged on the right side of the fork 12, and the direction is parallel to the direction of the gantry guide rail; the two ends of the wire rope 8 are fixed on the outside of the drum A3 and the drum B17, and the wire rope 8 passes through the movable pulley, the fixed pulley and the guide. The winding of the pulley forms four sets of fixed-moving pulley structure; a total of 8 steel wire ropes are formed under force, the drum rotates to wind the wire rope 8, and the fork 12 is driven to rise along the gantry guide rail through the pulley structure.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the limit device includes a limit switch 7 arranged on the upper right of the mast 9 and a limit block 11 arranged on the right side of the fork 12 . When the gantry rises to the upper limit, the limit block 11 triggers the limit switch 7, the motor 1 stops working, the brake A2 and the brake B15 work, so that the fork 12 stops moving.

The pitch of the thread matched with the drum base is a distance of the diameter of a wire rope 8 . When the motor 1 rotates forward, the drum moves a distance of the diameter of the wire rope 8 to the outside along the threaded shaft 19 on the drum base for each rotation. Move a distance of the diameter of the wire rope 8 to ensure that the wire rope 8 does not overlap when it is wound on the drum, and the tangent point of the wire rope 8 and the drum is always on the same vertical line as the movable pulley outside the fork 12, and the wire rope 8 and the outer movable pulley groove of the fork 12 are always on the same vertical line. The walls do not create friction.

As shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7, the wire rope 8 forms four sets of fixed-moving pulley structures through the winding of the movable pulley, the fixed pulley and the guide pulley. A10 goes up, the wire rope 8 goes up and around the fixed pulley B14, the fixed pulley A5 goes down, the wire rope 8 goes down and goes around the movable pulley C21, the movable pulley D22 goes up, the wire rope 8 goes up and goes around the guide pulley, B13, and the guide pulley A6 are connected, a total of Four sets of fixed-moving pulley structures are formed.

The fixed pulley A5 on one side of the gantry 9 is located on the middle plane Y of the movable pulley D22 on the side of the fork 12 and the movable pulley A10, and the fixed pulley B14 on the other side of the gantry 9 is also located in the middle of the movable pulley B20 and the movable pulley C21. The tangent point between the guide pulley B13 and the outside of the wire rope 8 and the inner movable pulley C21 on one side of the fork 12 are on the same vertical line Z, and the tangent point between the guide pulley A6 and the outside of the wire rope 8 and the inner movable pulley D22 on the other side of the fork 12 are also on the same vertical line Z. on the same vertical line. The pulleys of the fixed pulley, the movable pulley and the guide pulley are all U-shaped wheel grooves. When the fork 12 is lifted, the wire rope 8 does not rub against the wall of the pulley groove.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , a motor 1 with dual output shafts is installed in the middle position above the top of the gantry 9 , the left and right output shafts of the motor 1 are respectively connected with a brake B15 and a brake A2 , and the shaft end of the motor output shaft 18 is Spline structure, L-shaped drum base B16 and L-shaped drum base A4 with threaded shaft 19 are respectively installed on the left and right sides above the top of the gantry 9. The threaded shaft 19 and the motor output shaft 18 are on the same axis; the drum A3 and the drum One side of the through hole inside B17 is a spline structure, which is matched with the shaft end spline of the motor output shaft 18, and the other side is a threaded hole, which is matched with the threaded shaft 19 on the drum base. The pitch of the thread is one wire rope 8 diameter. distance; under the top of the gantry 9 from left to right are respectively provided with fixed pulley B14, guide pulley B13, guide pulley A6, fixed pulley A5, wherein the guide pulley B13 is arranged near the left side of the gantry, its direction is the same as the door The direction of the gantry rail is vertical, the fixed pulley B14 is arranged near the left side of the gantry, and its direction is parallel to the direction of the gantry rail, and the guide pulley A6 is arranged near the right side of the gantry, and its direction is perpendicular to the direction of the gantry rail. The pulley A5 is arranged near the right side of the gantry, and its direction is parallel to the direction of the gantry guide rail; above the fork 12 from left to right are respectively arranged movable pulley B20, movable pulley C21, movable pulley D22, movable pulley A10, among which, movable pulley B20 and The movable pulley C21 is a group, which is arranged on the left side of the fork 12, and its direction is parallel to the direction of the gantry rail. .

As shown in Figure 7, the two ends of the wire rope 8 are respectively fixed to the outer positions of the drum B17 and the drum A3. The wire rope 8 goes downward and goes around the movable pulley B20 and the movable pulley A10 upward, respectively. , the wire rope 8 goes downward and goes around the movable pulley C21 and the movable pulley D22 upward respectively, and the wire rope 8 goes upward respectively around the guide pulley B13 and the guide pulley A6 to connect, forming a total of four sets of fixed-moving pulley structure, 8 steel wire ropes are forced to lift the forks 12 Lift.

As shown in Figures 5 and 7, the positional relationship of the pulley and the winding position of the wire rope 8 are further elaborated. Each time the drum A3 and the drum B17 are wound around the wire rope 8, the drum moves outward along the threaded shaft 19 by a distance of the diameter of the wire rope 8, and the drum A3 . Every time the drum B17 releases the wire rope 8 for a circle, the drum moves inward along the threaded shaft 19 by a distance of the diameter of the wire rope 8 to ensure that the tangent point X between the wire rope 8 and the drum A3 and the movable pulley A10 are on the same vertical line during the lifting and lowering of the fork 12. The tangent point X of the wire rope 8 and the drum B17 is on the same vertical line as the movable pulley B20, the fixed pulley B13 is on the middle plane Y of the movable pulley B20 and the movable pulley C21, and the fixed pulley A5 is on the movable pulley D22. The middle plane of the movable pulley A10 The tangent point between the guide pulley B13 and the outside of the wire rope 8 is on the same vertical line Z as the fork pulley C21, and the outside tangent point between the guide pulley A6 and the wire rope 8 is on the same vertical line as the moving pulley A10. As shown in Figure 8, each pulley The pulley grooves are all U-shaped groove structures, which satisfy the above relationship. During the winding and releasing process of the wire rope 8 on the drum, there will be no overlap, and the wire rope 8 does not rub against the groove walls of each pulley, which ensures the service life of the wire rope 8.

The working process of the present invention is as follows:

Under the lifting condition, the motor 1 with dual output shafts rotates forward, which drives the drum A3 and the drum B17 to rotate forward. For each forward rotation, the drum A3 and the drum B17 move a distance of the diameter of the wire rope 8 to the outside along the threaded shaft 19, and at the same time. The wire rope 8 drives the fork 12 to rise through the four sets of fixed-moving pulley structure, the fork 12 reaches the working position height, the motor 1 stops rotating, the brake A2 and the brake B15 brake, and the fork 12 stops moving;

When the fork 12 rises to the upper limit position, the upper limit block 11 of the fork 12 triggers the upper limit switch 7 of the gantry, the motor 1 stops rotating, the brake A2 and the brake B15 brake, and the fork 12 stops moving;

In the descending condition, the brake A2 and the brake B15 stop braking, the fork 12 falls by itself and the weight of the load, and the wire rope 8 drives the drum A3 and the drum B17 to reverse. Move one rope diameter 8 distance inward.

To sum up, in the present invention, there is a thread inside the drum, which cooperates with the threaded shaft on the drum base, and the drum moves adaptively when it rotates, so that the wire rope does not overlap when it is wound on the drum, and the fixed pulleys on the left and right sides of the gantry are located at On the median plane of the left and right two sets of movable pulleys of the fork, the tangent points of the left and right guide pulleys of the gantry and the outer side of the wire rope are on the same vertical line as the inner movable pulley of the fork, and the pulley groove is U-shaped. There is no friction with the pulley groove wall, and the wire rope has a long service life; through the ingenious design of the structure, the structure is simple and the vision is wide, which reduces the production and maintenance cost of the gantry system, and improves the lifting efficiency and accuracy of the fork.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an electric fork truck hoist lifting gantry system which characterized in that: the automatic loading and unloading device comprises a gantry (9), a motor (1) with double output shafts, a limiting device, two brakes, two self-moving rollers, two L-shaped roller bases, two fixed pulleys, two guide pulleys, four movable pulleys arranged on a pallet fork (12) and a steel wire rope (8); an electric motor (1) is installed in the middle position above the top of a gantry (9), a brake B (15) and a brake A (2) are respectively connected to the left output shaft and the right output shaft of the electric motor (1), and the shaft end of an output shaft (18) of the electric motor is of a spline structure; an L-shaped roller base B (16) and an L-shaped roller base A (4) with a threaded shaft (19) are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side above the top of the gantry, and the threaded shaft (19) and an output shaft (18) of the motor are on the same axis; one side of the through holes in the roller A (3) and the roller B (17) is in a spline structure and is in spline fit with the end part of the output shaft (18) of the motor, and the other side of the through holes is provided with threaded holes and is in fit with a threaded shaft (19) on the base of the roller; a fixed pulley B (14), a guide pulley B (13), a guide pulley A (6) and a fixed pulley A (5) are respectively arranged below the top of the gantry (9) from left to right, the guide pulley B (13) and the guide pulley A (6) are respectively arranged at positions close to the left side and the right side of the gantry (9), and the direction is vertical to the direction of a gantry guide rail; the fixed pulley B (14) and the fixed pulley A (5) are respectively arranged at the positions close to the left side and the right side of the gantry (9), and the direction is parallel to the direction of a gantry guide rail; a movable pulley B (20), a movable pulley C (21), a movable pulley D (22) and a movable pulley A (10) are respectively arranged above the fork (12) from left to right, the movable pulleys B (20) and the movable pulley C (21) form a group and are arranged on the left side of the fork (12), the direction of the movable pulleys is parallel to the direction of a gantry guide rail, the movable pulleys D (22) and the movable pulley A (10) form a group and are arranged on the right side of the fork (12), and the direction of the movable pulleys D (21) and the direction of the movable pulleys A (10) are parallel to the direction of the; two ends of a steel wire rope (8) are fixed on the outer sides of the roller A (3) and the roller B (17), and the steel wire rope (8) is wound with the movable pulley, the fixed pulley and the guide pulley to form four groups of fixed-movable pulley structures; the steel wire rope (8) is stressed, the drum rotates to wind the steel wire rope (8), and the pallet fork (12) is driven to ascend through the pulley structure.

2. The electric forklift hoisting lifting gantry system of claim 1, wherein: the limiting device comprises a limiting switch (7) arranged on the upper right of the portal frame (9) and a limiting block (11) arranged on the right side of the fork (12).

3. The electric forklift hoisting lifting gantry system of claim 1, wherein: the thread pitch of the thread matched with the roller base is the distance of the diameter of one steel wire rope (8).

4. The electric forklift hoisting lifting gantry system of claim 1, wherein: the steel wire ropes (8) are wound with the movable pulleys, the fixed pulleys and the guide pulleys to form four groups of fixed-movable pulley structures, and the specific winding modes are as follows: the steel wire rope (8) downwards and respectively bypasses the movable pulley B (20) and the movable pulley A (10) upwards, the steel wire rope (8) upwards and respectively bypasses the fixed pulley B (14) and the fixed pulley A (5) downwards, the steel wire rope (8) downwards and respectively bypasses the movable pulley C (21) and the movable pulley D (22) upwards, the steel wire rope (8) upwards and respectively bypasses the guide pulley and then B (13) and the guide pulley A (6) are connected, and four groups of fixed-movable pulley structures are formed in a conformal mode.

5. The electric forklift hoisting lifting gantry system of claim 1, wherein: the fixed pulley A (5) on one side of the door frame (9) is positioned on the median plane (Y) of the movable pulley D (22) and the movable pulley A (10) on one side of the fork (12), and the fixed pulley B (14) on the other side of the door frame (9) is also positioned on the median plane of the movable pulley B (20) and the movable pulley C (21); the guide pulley B (13) and the outer side tangent point of the steel wire rope (8) are on the same vertical line (Z) with the inner side movable pulley C (21) on one side of the fork (12), and the guide pulley A (6) and the outer side tangent point of the steel wire rope (8) are also on the same vertical line with the inner side movable pulley D (22) on the other side of the fork (12).

6. The electric forklift hoisting lifting gantry system of any one of claims 1, 4 or 5, wherein: and the pulleys of the fixed pulley, the movable pulley and the guide pulley are all U-shaped pulley grooves.

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