CN111180871A - Massive MIMO antenna - Google Patents
Massive MIMO antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111180871A CN111180871A CN202010011371.5A CN202010011371A CN111180871A CN 111180871 A CN111180871 A CN 111180871A CN 202010011371 A CN202010011371 A CN 202010011371A CN 111180871 A CN111180871 A CN 111180871A
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- massive mimo
- mimo antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, and discloses a Massive MIMO antenna, which comprises a power distribution network module, a coupling calibration network module and a plurality of radiation sub-arrays, wherein the power distribution network module comprises a first power divider, and the plurality of first power dividers are connected with the plurality of radiation sub-arrays in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the coupling calibration network module comprises a PCB; the coupling calibration network formed on the PCB board comprises a calibration port, a plurality of main signal channels and a plurality of coupling signal channels; the output end of the main signal channel is connected with the first power dividers in a one-to-one corresponding mode; the PCB is provided with a plurality of filters and a plurality of radio frequency connectors, the input ends of a plurality of main signal channels are connected with the output ends of the filters in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the output ends of the radio frequency connectors are connected with the input ends of the filters in a one-to-one correspondence mode. The Massive MIMO antenna realizes the miniaturization and the light weight of a 5G base station antenna system, and is beneficial to the mass production of 5G equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a Massive MIMO antenna.
Background
With the continuous development of mobile communication technology in China and the rapid increase of user data flow, the fourth generation mobile communication system cannot meet the requirement of users for such large-flow data, and the fifth generation mobile communication system (5G) has already entered the national formal commercial stage at present. The Massive MIMO antenna technology becomes one of the key technologies for developing 5G wireless communication.
The front end of the 5G base station Antenna system integrates an Antenna and an RRU (Radio Remote Unit) module into an AAU (Active Antenna Unit) module. The existing large-scale array antenna is positioned at the forefront end of a wireless communication system, mainly uses beam forming, signal transmitting and signal receiving, does not have a filtering function for out-of-band spurious signals, and is mainly used for completing primary filtering of signals in RRU.
With the development of 5G antenna multi-channel, the RRU device needs to allocate a filter to each channel, and integrate the filter bank in the RRU into the antenna system, so the configuration of multi-channel results in a very large RRU device volume.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a Massive MIMO antenna, which is used for solving or partially solving the problem that the existing RRU equipment needs to be provided with a filter for each channel, so that the RRU equipment is overlarge in size.
The embodiment of the invention provides a Massive MIMO antenna, which comprises: the device comprises a radiation subarray module, a power division network module and a coupling calibration network module;
the radiation subarray module comprises a plurality of radiation subarrays, the power division network module comprises a plurality of first power dividers, and the first power dividers are connected with the radiation subarrays in a one-to-one corresponding mode;
the coupling calibration network module comprises a PCB board; the coupling calibration network formed on the PCB board comprises a calibration port, a plurality of main signal channels and a plurality of coupling signal channels; the output ends of the main signal channels are connected with the first power dividers in a one-to-one corresponding mode;
the PCB is provided with a plurality of filters and a plurality of radio frequency connectors, the input ends of the main signal channels are connected with the output ends of the filters in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the output ends of the radio frequency connectors are connected with the input ends of the filters in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
On the basis of the above scheme, the coupling calibration network includes a second power divider and a plurality of directional couplers;
each directional coupler forms one main signal channel and one coupled signal channel, and the common end of the second power divider forms the calibration port.
On the basis of the scheme, the output end of the coupling signal channel is electrically connected with a circuit matching load.
On the basis of the scheme, the Massive MIMO antenna further comprises a support column made of plastics, the radiation subarray comprises a plurality of radiation units, and the support column is placed between every two adjacent radiation units.
On the basis of the above scheme, the Massive MIMO antenna further comprises a separation strip installed on the power division network module, and the separation strip is arranged between two adjacent radiation units.
On the basis of the scheme, one part of the first power divider is arranged in a positive 45-degree polarization mode, and the other part of the first power divider is arranged in a negative 45-degree polarization mode.
On the basis of the scheme, the Massive MIMO antenna further comprises a reflecting plate positioned between the power distribution network module and the coupling calibration network module, and a plurality of hollowed areas with different sizes are arranged on the reflecting plate.
On the basis of the scheme, the filter is a dielectric filter.
On the basis of the scheme, the Massive MIMO antenna further comprises a shell for placing the filter, and the PCB is installed on the shell and provided with a through hole.
On the basis of the scheme, the line type of the coupling calibration network is a microstrip line or a stripline.
The Massive MIMO antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the filter originally positioned in the RRU unit is moved to the Massive MIMO antenna system and is integrated with the coupling calibration network module. The Massive MIMO antenna reduces the design complexity of a filter in the RRU and the influence caused by signal interference, realizes the miniaturization and light weight of a 5G base station antenna system, and is beneficial to the mass production and assembly of the future 5G equipment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a Massive MIMO antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a radiating element in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution network module in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an installation diagram of a first power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling calibration network module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the installation of a directional coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing in an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1, radiating a subarray module; 11. a radiation unit; 12. a pin; 2. a support pillar; 3. a reflective plate; 4. a power distribution network module; 41. a first PCB board; 42. a first power divider arranged in a positive 45-degree polarization; 43. a first power divider arranged in negative 45-degree polarization; 5. a spacer bar; 51. a second PCB board; 6. a coupling calibration network module; 61. a PCB board; 62. calibrating the port; 63. a directional coupler; 631. a main signal channel; 632. a coupled signal path; 64. a circuit matching load; 65. a second through hole; 66. a first through hole; 67. a second power divider; 7. a filter; 73. a housing; 74. a pad; 8. a radio frequency connector.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is an exploded schematic view of a Massive MIMO antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the Massive MIMO antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises a radiation subarray module 1, a power division network module 4 and a coupling calibration network module 6;
the radiation sub-array module 1 includes an area array (i.e., 32 radiation sub-arrays) composed of radiation sub-arrays arranged in a vertical direction (N-4) and a horizontal direction (M-8), each of the radiation sub-arrays being composed of three radiation units 11; the arrangement mode of the radiation subarrays can be an area array (N multiplied by M, and N and M are integers), or a polyhedron, such as a cylinder array; the shape of the radiation unit 11 is not limited to a rectangle, and may also be a circle, a triangle, other irregular shapes, or other regular shapes;
the power division network module 4 comprises a plurality of first power dividers, and the plurality of first power dividers are connected with the plurality of radiation subarrays in a one-to-one corresponding manner;
the power distribution network module 4 may include a plurality of one-to-three power dividers, and the power distribution network module 4 may include 32 one-to-three power dividers, each of which includes 16 columns arranged in the vertical direction and 2 rows arranged in the horizontal direction; the first power divider may also be a one-to-four or one-to-five power divider, and the type of the first power divider is determined according to the number of the radiation units 11 included in the radiation subarray, which is not specifically limited herein;
the coupling calibration network module comprises a PCB board 61; the coupling calibration network formed on the PCB board 61 includes a calibration port 62, a plurality of main signal channels and a plurality of coupling signal channels; the output ends of the main signal channels are connected with the first power dividers in a one-to-one corresponding mode; the PCB board 61 functions as a carrier, and a preset circuit is formed on the PCB board 61. A strip line or a microstrip line is formed on the PCB 61 so that electrical components mounted on the PCB 61 can be electrically connected;
the PCB is provided with a plurality of filters 7 and a plurality of radio frequency connectors 8, the input ends of a plurality of main signal channels are connected with the output ends of the filters 7 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the output ends of the radio frequency connectors 8 are connected with the input ends of the filters 7 in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
In the embodiment of the invention, the filter originally positioned in the RRU is moved to a Massive MIMO antenna system and is integrated with a coupling calibration network module. The Massive MIMO antenna reduces the design complexity of a filter in the RRU and the influence caused by signal interference, realizes the miniaturization and light weight of a 5G base station antenna system, and is beneficial to the mass production and assembly of the future 5G equipment.
On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the coupling calibration network includes a second power divider 67 and a plurality of directional couplers 63;
each directional coupler 63 forms a main signal path 631 and a coupled signal path 632, and the common end of the second power divider 67 forms the calibration port 62.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the second power divider may be a multi-stage wilkinson power divider, and includes a first wilkinson power divider and a second wilkinson power divider, where the multi-stage wilkinson power divider includes a common end and multiple branches, each branch is electrically connected to an input end of a coupling signal channel, the main signal channel is used to transmit a radio frequency signal of a Massive MIMO antenna, and the coupling signal channel is used to transmit a radio frequency signal coupled to the directional coupler, and is transmitted to the calibration port 62 through the second power divider, so as to monitor the radio frequency signal at each port (where one radiation unit corresponds to one antenna port) of the antenna.
On the basis of the above-described embodiment, the output end of the coupling signal path is electrically connected with a circuit matching load 64.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the circuit matching load 64 is used to match the circuit, absorbing the power energy delivered to the end of the circuit, so that the circuit has a smaller standing wave.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the Massive MIMO antenna further includes a supporting column 2 made of plastic, the radiation subarray includes a plurality of radiation elements 11, and the supporting column 2 is placed between two adjacent radiation elements 11.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the radiation unit 11 may be provided with three pins 12, the power distribution network module 4 is formed on a first PCB 41, and the first PCB 41 is provided with a slot matching with the pins 12; the radiating element 11 and the first PCB 41 may be connected by soldering or snap-fitting. The number of the pins of the radiation unit 11 may be two, three, four, five or more.
It can be understood that the interval between two adjacent radiation units in the vertical direction is 0.6 λ - λ, and the interval between two adjacent radiation units in the horizontal direction is 0.5 λ -0.7 λ. Where λ is the wavelength of the central frequency in the first PCB board 41 in the operating frequency band.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the Massive MIMO antenna further includes a spacer 5 installed on the power division network module 4, and the spacer 5 is disposed between two adjacent radiation units 11.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the isolation bars 5 are prepared by the second PCB 51, the isolation bars 5 include the first isolation bar and the second isolation bar which are vertically arranged, and the isolation bars 5 are used for mutual coupling of signals between ports, so as to improve the isolation of the radiation units 11 with the same polarization and different polarization; wherein, the spacing bar 5 can be mounted on the first PCB 41 by welding or clamping.
On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, part of the first power dividers are arranged in a positive 45 ° polarization, and the other part of the first power dividers are arranged in a negative 45 ° polarization.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first power divider is arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode, and signals flow in from the signal input end, pass through the first power divider and then reach the radiation unit. Preset distribution of power and phase of the radiation signal is realized; in order to achieve good matching of the system after the filter is integrated, debugging can be performed at a microstrip close to a signal input end. Here, for example, 32 first power dividers are taken as an example, and the 32 first power dividers are divided into 16 first power dividers 42 arranged in a positive 45 ° polarization manner, and 16 first power dividers 43 arranged in a negative 45 ° polarization manner.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the Massive MIMO antenna further includes a reflector 3 located between the power division network module 4 and the coupling calibration network module 6, and a plurality of hollowed areas with different sizes are provided on the reflector 3.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the reflective plate 3 is generally a metal plate structure formed by a metal material, and plays roles of reflecting electromagnetic wave signals and supporting. The edge of the reflector 3 is generally provided with a folded edge, so that the efficiency of signal receiving and transmitting can be improved. The reflection plate 3 may have a circular, rectangular, or elongated shape. Among them, there are many hollowed areas with different shapes and sizes in the reflector 3, and the main function of the hollowed areas is to avoid signal interference and reduce the weight of the whole device.
In addition to the above-described embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, 6, and 7, the filter 7 is a dielectric filter.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the filter 7 is a dielectric filter. The dielectric filter has the advantages of small volume and light weight. Moreover, when the dielectric filter is electrically connected with the PCB 61, no additional interconnection joint is required, and the soldering interconnection can be directly realized through the PCB pad. The filter 7 is not limited to the dielectric filter, and may be a filter of another form.
The filter and the radio frequency connector are disposed on the PCB 61 and electrically connected through the PCB. Specifically, the filter and the rf connector are generally disposed on the PCB by Surface Mount Technology (SMT), and may be connected to the PCB by a blind-mate connector. Each filter is sequentially connected with the corresponding radio frequency connector and the coupling calibration network in series to form an antenna channel. Each radiating element corresponds to one antenna channel, i.e. the number of antenna channels is equal to the number of radiating elements.
On the basis of the above-described embodiment, the Massive MIMO antenna further includes a case 73 for placing a filter, and the PCB board 61 is provided with a through hole at the mounting case 73.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to improve the out-of-band rejection characteristic of the filter,
a first through hole 66 is provided in an area of the PCB board 61 contacting the filter, and a second through hole 65 is provided in an area adjacent to the first through hole 66.
The top of the filter is covered with a shell 73, so that signal interference between two adjacent filters is realized on one hand, and the surface of the filter is fully grounded on the other hand; specifically, the filter top is in hard contact with the housing 73 by a conductive member; two rows of pads 74 are arranged on the periphery of the filter and used for realizing welding with the shell 73; this operation may be used to improve the out-of-band rejection, for example, the periphery of the filter may be subjected to a pad treatment, and the case 73 may be soldered to the PCB 61 on all four sides. The shell 73 may be made of metal or plastic, and it is only necessary to ensure that the surface layer of the shell 73 has a conductive capability.
It should be noted that the first power divider, the first wilkinson power divider, and the second wilkinson power divider in the power divider network module and the coupling calibration network module need to be optimally matched, so that signal loss is reduced, and radiation efficiency of the antenna is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A Massive MIMO antenna, comprising: the device comprises a radiation subarray module, a power division network module and a coupling calibration network module;
the radiation subarray module comprises a plurality of radiation subarrays, the power division network module comprises a plurality of first power dividers, and the first power dividers are connected with the radiation subarrays in a one-to-one corresponding mode;
the coupling calibration network module comprises a PCB board; the coupling calibration network formed on the PCB board comprises a calibration port, a plurality of main signal channels and a plurality of coupling signal channels; the output ends of the main signal channels are connected with the first power dividers in a one-to-one corresponding mode;
the PCB is provided with a plurality of filters and a plurality of radio frequency connectors, the input ends of the main signal channels are connected with the output ends of the filters in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the output ends of the radio frequency connectors are connected with the input ends of the filters in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
2. The Massive MIMO antenna of claim 1, wherein the coupling calibration network comprises a second power divider and a plurality of directional couplers;
each directional coupler forms one main signal channel and one coupled signal channel, and the common end of the second power divider forms the calibration port.
3. The Massive MIMO antenna of claim 1, wherein the output end of the coupled signal channel is electrically connected with a circuit matching load.
4. The Massive MIMO antenna of claim 1, further comprising a support pillar made of plastic, wherein the radiation subarray comprises a plurality of radiation elements, and the support pillar is disposed between two adjacent radiation elements.
5. The Massive MIMO antenna of claim 4, further comprising a spacer strip mounted on the power division network module, wherein the spacer strip is disposed between two adjacent radiating elements.
6. The Massive MIMO antenna of claim 1, wherein some of the first power dividers are arranged in a positive 45 ° polarization and another part of the first power dividers are arranged in a negative 45 ° polarization.
7. The Massive MIMO antenna of claim 1, further comprising a reflector plate disposed between the power division network module and the coupling calibration network module, wherein the reflector plate is provided with a plurality of hollowed regions of different sizes.
8. The Massive MIMO antenna of claim 1, wherein the filter is a dielectric filter.
9. The Massive MIMO antenna of claim 8, further comprising a housing for placing the filter, wherein the PCB board is provided with a through hole where the housing is mounted.
10. The Massive MIMO antenna of claim 1, wherein the line type of the coupling calibration network is a microstrip line or a stripline.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010011371.5A CN111180871A (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-01-06 | Massive MIMO antenna |
| PCT/CN2020/115295 WO2021139205A1 (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-09-15 | Massive mimo antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010011371.5A CN111180871A (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-01-06 | Massive MIMO antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111180871A true CN111180871A (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010011371.5A Pending CN111180871A (en) | 2020-01-06 | 2020-01-06 | Massive MIMO antenna |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111180871A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021139205A1 (en) |
Cited By (12)
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| CN111834735A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-27 | 武汉虹信科技发展有限责任公司 | Array antenna and base station equipment |
| CN112467368A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-09 | 武汉虹信科技发展有限责任公司 | Vibrator power division module and Massive MIMO antenna |
| WO2021139205A1 (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-07-15 | 武汉虹信科技发展有限责任公司 | Massive mimo antenna |
| CN113630196A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-09 | 中航富士达科技股份有限公司 | Calibration coupling network device for array antenna |
| CN113708087A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-26 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Fusion antenna |
| CN113991321A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-01-28 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Coupling Calibration Network for Phased Array Antenna and Phased Array Antenna System |
| CN114900861A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-08-12 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Base station control method, base station, and storage medium |
| CN114899572A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-12 | 中航富士达科技股份有限公司 | Directional coupling calibration network |
| WO2023035573A1 (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-03-16 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Antenna structure and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN116134678A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2023-05-16 | 三星电子株式会社 | Antenna filter in wireless communication system and electronic device including same |
| CN116192293A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-05-30 | 江苏亨鑫科技有限公司 | Novel intelligent antenna calibration network |
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| WO2021139205A1 (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-07-15 | 武汉虹信科技发展有限责任公司 | Massive mimo antenna |
| CN116134678A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2023-05-16 | 三星电子株式会社 | Antenna filter in wireless communication system and electronic device including same |
| CN111834735A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-27 | 武汉虹信科技发展有限责任公司 | Array antenna and base station equipment |
| CN112467368A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-09 | 武汉虹信科技发展有限责任公司 | Vibrator power division module and Massive MIMO antenna |
| CN113630196A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-09 | 中航富士达科技股份有限公司 | Calibration coupling network device for array antenna |
| CN113708087A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-26 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Fusion antenna |
| WO2023035573A1 (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-03-16 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Antenna structure and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN113991321A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-01-28 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Coupling Calibration Network for Phased Array Antenna and Phased Array Antenna System |
| CN113991321B (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2024-10-29 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Phased array antenna coupling calibration network and phased array antenna system |
| CN114899572A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-12 | 中航富士达科技股份有限公司 | Directional coupling calibration network |
| CN114899572B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-12-01 | 中航富士达科技股份有限公司 | Directional coupling calibration network |
| CN114900861A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-08-12 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Base station control method, base station, and storage medium |
| CN114900861B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2024-04-09 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Base station control method, base station and storage medium |
| WO2024027155A1 (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2024-02-08 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Multi-band antenna and communication device |
| CN116192293A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-05-30 | 江苏亨鑫科技有限公司 | Novel intelligent antenna calibration network |
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| WO2021139205A1 (en) | 2021-07-15 |
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