CN111170603A - Efficient sludge recycling system and treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Efficient sludge recycling system and treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111170603A CN111170603A CN202010126938.3A CN202010126938A CN111170603A CN 111170603 A CN111170603 A CN 111170603A CN 202010126938 A CN202010126938 A CN 202010126938A CN 111170603 A CN111170603 A CN 111170603A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/06—Returning energy of steam, in exchanged form, to process, e.g. use of exhaust steam for drying solid fuel or plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency resource utilization system of sludge and a treatment method thereof, wherein the system sequentially comprises a wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, an anaerobic pre-digestion device, a mechanical deep dehydration device, a sludge crushing device, a sludge waste heat drying unit and a sludge incineration unit; the treatment method mainly comprises the steps of wall breaking reaction, anaerobic predigestion reaction, deep dehydration treatment, drying treatment and incineration treatment; the resource utilization comprises organic matter resource utilization and inorganic matter resource utilization. The invention has simple control requirement on the system, easy operation, no addition of conditioner, no increase of sludge amount and low operation cost, reduces operation energy consumption by utilizing heat energy and electric power generated by the system, finally realizes resource utilization and disposal of sludge, has no secondary pollution, occupies no land, is not limited in use, and comprehensively realizes reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of the sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental management, in particular to a high-efficiency sludge resource utilization system and a treatment method thereof.
Background
② method is characterized in that ② sludge treatment technology continuously exposes some defects and defects in engineering practice, for example, ② sludge treatment technology adopts inorganic agents such as lime and ② like to regulate and consume a large amount of land resources and possibly generates percolate to permeate and pollute soil and underground water, ② landfill treatment requires that ② water content of ② sludge is lower than 60%, ② sludge EPS and ② structure of cells are stable, so that ② mechanical dehydration is carried out after ② sludge is conditioned by adopting inorganic agents such as lime and ② like, ② medicament consumption is large, ② operation cost is increased, ② absolute dry quantity is increased, ③ adopts anaerobic digestion or fermented fertilizers for land improvement, garden greening and ② like is realized, ② heavy metal pollution is controlled by adopting anaerobic digestion or aerobic fermentation, heavy metal components in ② sludge cannot be completely removed, ② heavy metal, ② oxygen content and ② like, ② pollution is controlled by ozone and ② like, ② pollution is controlled by adopting a simple and aerobic composting process, ② aerobic composting process is not only by adopting a small amount of organic matter, ② aerobic fermentation process, ② ozone and ② sludge is controlled by a small amount, ② pollution of heavy metal, ② ozone pollution is controlled by a small amount, ② pollution caused by ② pollution of ② sewage sludge, ② pollution caused by ② pollution of ② sewage, ② sewage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, maximally utilizes sludge resources in a sludge treatment process, and provides a high-efficiency sludge resource utilization system and a treatment method thereof.
The specific technology is as follows:
a sludge efficient resource utilization system sequentially comprises a wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, an anaerobic pre-digestion device, a mechanical deep dehydration device, a sludge crushing device, a sludge waste heat drying unit and a sludge incineration unit; the sludge residual heat drying unit consists of a sludge drying device and a steam treatment device; the sludge incineration unit is formed by sequentially connecting a sludge incineration device, a steam power generation device, a steam waste heat recovery device and a flue gas purification device; the wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, the anaerobic pre-digestion device, the mechanical deep dehydration device, the sludge crushing device, the sludge drying device and the sludge incineration device are sequentially connected through a sludge conveying mechanism; the anaerobic pre-digestion device is connected with the sludge incineration device; the steam waste heat recovery device is respectively connected with the wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, the anaerobic predigestion device and the sludge drying device.
The mechanical deep dehydration device is a belt type dehydrator, a plate-and-frame filter press or a stacked screw dehydrator; the mechanical deep dehydration device is connected with an original sewage treatment system.
The sludge drying device is a sludge dryer and comprises a propeller blade stirring shaft, a drying cylinder, a motor and the like.
The sludge incineration device is a fluidized bed incinerator.
The steam treatment device is formed by sequentially connecting a bag type steam filter, a condenser and a phase separator; the bag type steam filter is connected with a sludge drying device; the phase separator is respectively connected with the original sewage treatment system and the sludge incineration device.
The invention also provides a method for carrying out efficient resource utilization on sludge by adopting the efficient resource utilization system for sludge, which comprises the following process steps:
(1) wall breaking reaction: the sludge to be treated enters a wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device for wall-breaking reaction, most cells are broken, organic matters are released, the reaction temperature is 40-100 ℃, and the reaction time is 25-30 min.
(2) Anaerobic predigestion reaction: the sludge after wall breaking and hydrolysis is cooled in the conveying process and then enters an anaerobic pre-digestion device for partial digestion, the reaction temperature is 32-35 ℃, the cell walls are further crushed, so that the subsequent sludge dehydration and drying are facilitated, and simultaneously the generated methane is introduced into a sludge incineration device.
(3) Deep dehydration treatment: the cell walls of the pre-digested biogas residue and biogas slurry mixed liquid are crushed, and the biogas residue and biogas slurry mixed liquid directly enters a mechanical deep dehydration device for dehydration treatment without adding chemicals, so that the water content of the sludge is less than 60%; the filtrate generated by dehydration returns to the original sewage treatment system through a pipeline.
(4) Drying treatment: sending the sludge cake after mechanical deep dehydration into a sludge crushing device for crushing treatment to enable the sludge particle size to be less than 10mm, and then sending the sludge cake into a sludge drying device for drying treatment to enable the sludge water content to be less than 30%; waste gas generated in the drying process enters a steam treatment device for treatment, and dust intercepted by the bag-type steam filter is sent to a sludge incineration device after being collected; and returning the water separated by the phase separator to an original sewage treatment system, and introducing the stripping gas into a sludge incineration device.
(5) Incineration disposal: the dried sludge enters a sludge incineration device for combustion, and the sludge incineration device is a fluidized bed incinerator; the heat generated by combustion is used for generating electricity through a steam power generation device, and the waste heat is supplied to a wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, an anaerobic pre-digestion device or a sludge drying device for waste heat utilization through a steam waste heat recovery device; the flue gas is purified by a flue gas purification device and then is discharged at high altitude. (ii) a And performing resource utilization on the fly ash and the incineration ash.
The high-efficiency sludge resource utilization comprises sludge organic matter resource utilization and inorganic matter resource utilization.
The sludge organic matter resource utilization method comprises the following steps: biogas generated by anaerobic predigestion, dust intercepted by a bag type steam filter and stripping gas of a phase separator are used as combustible materials of the sludge incineration device, the electric energy generated by incinerating organic matters to generate heat is supplied for system equipment to operate, and the residual heat utilization comprises a heat source which can be used as a wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, an anaerobic predigestion device or a sludge drying device.
The inorganic resource utilization of the sludge refers to that fly ash and incineration ash are utilized to fire an ozone catalyst.
Advantageous effects
1. The invention realizes the omnibearing resource utilization of sludge organic matters and inorganic matters, wherein the resource utilization of the organic matters comprises the steps of feeding methane generated by digestion and dust generated by water evaporation and drying treatment and blowing off gas into the incinerator to increase the heat value, the incineration power generation is supplied for the operation of system equipment, the incineration waste heat is used for sludge digestion, drying and the like, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced; the incineration fly ash belongs to hazardous waste, but the hazardous waste can be avoided after the incineration fly ash is calcined into an ozone catalyst for solidification, so that the secondary pollution of heavy metal in the fly ash is avoided, and the resource utilization of inorganic substances is realized;
2. the final treatment method of the sludge is incineration treatment, the front-end wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis, anaerobic predigestion and the like have pretreatment effects, the treatment efficiency requirement is low, the limited factors are few, the control is simple, and the operation is performed;
3. after the sludge is subjected to wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis and anaerobic predigestion, extracellular polymers and cell walls of cells are degraded, mechanical deep dehydration can be directly performed, no medicament is added for conditioning, the sludge yield is not increased, and the medicament cost and the operation energy consumption are saved;
4. after the sludge is subjected to digestion treatment, stabilization and reduction are realized, the odor generation amount of the rear-end process is reduced, the treatment scales of mechanical dehydration and drying incineration are reduced, and the investment cost is reduced;
5. the marsh gas generated by digestion is directly sent into the incinerator for combustion, so that marsh gas resources are fully utilized, marsh gas purification equipment investment such as marsh gas outward transportation and desulfuration is reduced, and economic benefits are obvious.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sludge efficient resource utilization system.
Detailed Description
The efficient sludge recycling system and the treatment method thereof are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as can be seen from the figure 1, the efficient sludge resource utilization system sequentially comprises a wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, an anaerobic pre-digestion device, a mechanical deep dehydration device, a sludge crushing device, a sludge waste heat drying unit and a sludge incineration unit; the sludge residual heat drying unit consists of a sludge drying device and a steam treatment device; the sludge incineration unit is formed by sequentially connecting a sludge incineration device, a steam power generation device, a steam waste heat recovery device and a flue gas purification device; the wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, the anaerobic pre-digestion device, the mechanical deep dehydration device, the sludge crushing device, the sludge drying device and the sludge incineration device are sequentially connected through a sludge conveying mechanism; the anaerobic pre-digestion device is connected with the sludge incineration device; the steam waste heat recovery device is respectively connected with the wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, the anaerobic predigestion device and the sludge drying device.
The mechanical deep dehydration device is a belt type dehydrator, a plate-and-frame filter press or a stacked screw dehydrator; the mechanical deep dehydration device is connected with an original sewage treatment system.
The sludge drying device is a sludge dryer and comprises a propeller blade stirring shaft, a drying cylinder, a motor and the like.
The sludge incineration device is a fluidized bed incinerator.
The steam treatment device is formed by sequentially connecting a bag type steam filter, a condenser and a phase separator; the bag type steam filter is connected with a sludge drying device; the phase separator is respectively connected with the original sewage treatment system and the sludge incineration device.
The treatment method of the efficient sludge resource utilization system provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. the sludge enters a wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, the reaction conditions in the device are 40-100 ℃, the reaction time is 25-30 min, the sludge extracellular polymers and cell walls are hydrolyzed, intracellular substances are released, and macromolecular substances are converted into micromolecular substances, so that the subsequent anaerobic digestion is facilitated.
2. The hydrolyzed sludge enters an anaerobic pre-digestion device, the sludge feeding ratio is 45-60%, the dosing rate is 5-12%, the C/N ratio is 10-20: 1, the temperature is 32-35 ℃, and the retention time is 1-2 d. The whole anaerobic predigestion process is monitored to be at a proper temperature range, and the operation is simple and convenient. The anaerobic pre-digestion treatment further stabilizes and reduces the sludge, and reduces the subsequent treatment load. Biogas generated by digestion is introduced into a sludge incineration device, namely a fluidized bed incinerator, and is used as a combustible to enhance the combustion performance of furnace burden; and feeding the mixture of the digested biogas residue and biogas slurry into a mechanical deep dehydration device.
3. The dehydration performance of the sludge is greatly improved after hydrolysis and digestion treatment, so that a conditioner is not required to be added during mechanical deep dehydration treatment, the amount of absolutely dry sludge is not increased, and the sludge is more economical compared with the conventional mechanical dehydration. In the embodiment, the mechanical dehydration adopts a plate-and-frame filter press, so that the water content of the sludge is reduced to 60 percent. The filtrate generated by mechanical dehydration returns to the original sewage treatment system.
4. The sludge with the water content of 60 percent enters a sludge crushing device, so that the sludge particle size is smaller than 10mm, and on one hand, the sludge particle size is small, thereby being beneficial to sludge drying, reducing drying energy consumption and shortening drying time; on the other hand, the small-particle sludge is low in agglomeration speed in the incinerator, and is beneficial to short-time full combustion.
5. And feeding the crushed sludge into a sludge drying device. The heat source of the drying device comes from the steam waste heat recovery device, so that the energy consumption of system operation is greatly reduced, and the operation cost is reduced. The water vapor generated in the sludge drying process is filtered by a bag type steam filter, the dust is intercepted, the intercepted dust is sludge ash, and the collected dust is sent to an incinerator to increase the heat value. The filtered steam enters a condenser to be cooled into liquid, then the liquid is sprayed into a phase separator, the liquid is blown off by ozone in the phase separator, and the blown ammonia and organic matters are sent into an incinerator through a pipeline to increase the heat value of the furnace burden; returning the liquid phase after stripping to the original sewage treatment system. The water content of the sludge dried by the sludge drying device is 20 percent. The treatment of dust and stripping gas is beneficial to increasing the combustion heat value of the incinerator, improving the combustion efficiency and avoiding the investment of dust collection and disposal and stripping gas purification.
6. The dried sludge is sent into an incinerator and burnt in the incinerator to generate heat energy, and the heat energy heats water to form steam. The hot steam enters the steam power generation device for power generation, and the generated power is supplied for system equipment to operate, so that resource utilization is realized, and the system operation cost is reduced. The flue gas generated by combustion of the incinerator enters a flue gas purification device and is discharged by an exhaust funnel after being purified. The fly ash produced by the flue gas purification device and the ash produced by burning carry out resource utilization on heavy metals in the fly ash and the ash, and the fly ash and the ash are burnt into the ozone catalyst for water treatment, so that the ozone catalyst does not occupy land and does not produce secondary pollution.
7. And the waste heat generated after the steam power generation is sent to the sludge drying device through the steam waste heat recovery device, so that the comprehensive utilization of the waste heat is realized. If the residual heat is sufficient, the residual heat can flow to a wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device or an anaerobic predigestion device, so that the energy consumption is saved.
The present invention provides a thought and a processing method thereof, and a method and a way for implementing the technical scheme are many, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and embellishments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the improvements and embellishments should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and each component not explicitly described in the embodiment can be implemented by the prior art.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a high-efficient resource utilization system of mud which characterized in that: the system sequentially comprises a wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, an anaerobic pre-digestion device, a mechanical deep dehydration device, a sludge crushing device, a sludge waste heat drying unit and a sludge incineration unit; the sludge residual heat drying unit consists of a sludge drying device and a steam treatment device; the sludge incineration unit is formed by sequentially connecting a sludge incineration device, a steam power generation device, a steam waste heat recovery device and a flue gas purification device; the wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, the anaerobic pre-digestion device, the mechanical deep dehydration device, the sludge crushing device, the sludge drying device and the sludge incineration device are sequentially connected through a sludge conveying mechanism; the anaerobic pre-digestion device is connected with the sludge incineration device; the steam waste heat recovery device is respectively connected with the wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, the anaerobic predigestion device and the sludge drying device.
2. The efficient sludge resource utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mechanical deep dehydration device is a belt type dehydrator, a plate-and-frame filter press or a stacked screw dehydrator; the mechanical deep dehydration device is connected with an original sewage treatment system.
3. The efficient sludge resource utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sludge drying device is a sludge dryer and comprises a propeller blade stirring shaft, a drying cylinder, a motor and the like.
4. The efficient sludge resource utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sludge incineration device is a fluidized bed incinerator.
5. The efficient sludge resource utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steam treatment device is formed by sequentially connecting a bag type steam filter, a condenser and a phase separator; the bag type steam filter is connected with a sludge drying device; the phase separator is respectively connected with the original sewage treatment system and the sludge incineration device.
6. A high-efficiency resource utilization method for sludge by adopting the system of any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises the following process steps:
(1) wall breaking reaction: the sludge to be treated enters a wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device for wall-breaking reaction, most cells are broken, organic matters are released, the reaction temperature is 40-100 ℃, and the reaction time is 25-30 min;
(2) anaerobic predigestion reaction: cooling the sludge subjected to wall breaking and hydrolysis in the conveying process, and then entering an anaerobic pre-digestion device for partial digestion, wherein the reaction temperature is 32-35 ℃, so that cell walls are further crushed to facilitate subsequent dehydration and drying of the sludge, and simultaneously introducing the generated methane into a sludge incineration device;
(3) deep dehydration treatment: the cell walls of the pre-digested biogas residue and biogas slurry mixed liquid are crushed, and the biogas residue and biogas slurry mixed liquid directly enters a mechanical deep dehydration device for dehydration treatment without adding chemicals, so that the water content of the sludge is less than 60%; the filtrate generated by dehydration returns to the original sewage treatment system through a pipeline;
(4) drying treatment: sending the sludge cake after mechanical deep dehydration into a sludge crushing device for crushing treatment to enable the sludge particle size to be less than 10mm, and then sending the sludge cake into a sludge drying device for drying treatment to enable the sludge water content to be less than 30%; waste gas generated in the drying process enters a steam treatment device for treatment, and dust intercepted by the bag-type steam filter is sent to a sludge incineration device after being collected; returning the water separated by the phase separator to an original sewage treatment system, and introducing the stripping gas into a sludge incineration device;
(5) incineration disposal: the dried sludge enters a sludge incineration device for combustion, and the sludge incineration device is a fluidized bed incinerator; the heat generated by combustion is used for generating electricity through a steam power generation device, and the waste heat is supplied to a wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, an anaerobic pre-digestion device or a sludge drying device for waste heat utilization through a steam waste heat recovery device; the flue gas is purified by a flue gas purification device and then is discharged at high altitude;
(6) and (3) inorganic matter resource utilization of sludge: the final product after sludge incineration only remains fly ash and incineration ash generated by flue gas purification, and the final treatment method is to mix the raw material and fire the ozone catalyst to carry out resource utilization on inorganic matters of sludge.
7. The efficient sludge resource utilization method according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: the high-efficiency sludge resource utilization comprises sludge organic matter resource utilization and inorganic matter resource utilization.
8. The efficient sludge resource utilization method according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: the sludge organic matter resource utilization is characterized in that biogas generated by anaerobic predigestion, dust intercepted by a bag-type steam filter and phase separator stripping gas are used as combustible substances of a sludge incineration device in the anaerobic predigestion reaction, drying treatment and incineration treatment processes, the electric energy generated by incinerating the organic matter to generate heat is supplied to system equipment to operate, and the waste heat utilization comprises a heat source which can be used as a wall-breaking thermal hydrolysis device, an anaerobic predigestion device or a sludge drying device.
9. The efficient sludge resource utilization method according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: and the fly ash and incineration ash slag generated by flue gas purification in the sludge incineration treatment process are doped into a raw material to burn an ozone catalyst for sludge inorganic matter resource utilization.
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| CN111943475A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-11-17 | 碧楚优(青岛)环保科技有限公司 | Sludge treatment method and system |
| CN112607996A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-06 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | Thermal hydrolysis advanced anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis carbonization coupling process |
| CN113354242A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-09-07 | 曲阜中联水泥有限公司 | Sludge treatment system and treatment method |
| WO2022027965A1 (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2022-02-10 | 南京汉尔斯生物科技有限公司 | Integrated ozone treatment device for biochemical sludge and use method therefor |
| CN114075025A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-02-22 | 北京汉能清源科技有限公司 | System and method for treating sludge by combining pyrohydrolysis with anaerobic digestion |
| WO2022061958A1 (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2022-03-31 | 航天凯天环保科技股份有限公司 | Harmless and resourceful integrated treatment method and system for oil sludge |
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