CN111162449B - Laser working circuit and 3D camera - Google Patents
Laser working circuit and 3D camera Download PDFInfo
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- CN111162449B CN111162449B CN202010122138.4A CN202010122138A CN111162449B CN 111162449 B CN111162449 B CN 111162449B CN 202010122138 A CN202010122138 A CN 202010122138A CN 111162449 B CN111162449 B CN 111162449B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0428—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor for applying pulses to the laser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
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Abstract
本发明公开一种激光器工作电路及3D相机，激光器工作电路包括驱动电源、开关电路、驱动电路、储能电路和续流电路，驱动电路根据外部输入的激光控制信号控制开关电路导通/关断的频率，以对驱动电源的输出电流大小进行调制。储能电路在开关电路导通时，为激光器瞬态供电，在开关电路关断时，将输入的电源进行存储。续流电路在开关电路关断时，给激光器提供导通回路，释放激光器两端电荷，以保护激光器不受损坏。本发明用于解决激光器工作电路测量精度较低的技术问题。
The invention discloses a laser working circuit and a 3D camera. The laser working circuit includes a driving power supply, a switching circuit, a driving circuit, an energy storage circuit and a freewheeling circuit. The driving circuit controls the switching circuit to be turned on/off according to an externally input laser control signal frequency to modulate the output current of the drive power supply. The energy storage circuit supplies power to the laser transiently when the switch circuit is turned on, and stores the input power when the switch circuit is turned off. When the switching circuit is turned off, the freewheeling circuit provides a conducting circuit for the laser and releases the charges at both ends of the laser to protect the laser from damage. The invention is used to solve the technical problem of low measurement precision of the laser working circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D imaging, in particular to a laser working circuit and a 3D camera.
Background
Time-of-flight (ToF) is a relatively new 3D imaging principle that works by illuminating a scene with a modulated light source and then receiving the reflected light to obtain its time difference. Since the speed of light is constant, the ToF camera can calculate the distance to each point in the scene from the time the ray returns to the camera. The method can collect detailed 3D information and can be applied to various industries including games, financial security, automobile industry and the like. As TOF cameras are applied more and more widely, the accuracy requirements are higher and higher, and at the same time, the industrial competitiveness on product size, power consumption and price is stronger and stronger.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a laser working circuit, aiming at solving the technical problem of low measurement precision of the laser working circuit.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a laser operating circuit, including:
a drive power supply;
the input end of the switching circuit is connected with the driving power supply through a laser, and the output end of the switching circuit is grounded;
the output end of the driving circuit is connected with the controlled end of the switch circuit;
the driving circuit is used for controlling the on/off frequency of the switch circuit according to an externally input laser control signal so as to modulate the output current of the driving power supply;
the energy storage circuit is used for supplying power to the laser in a transient state when the switching circuit is switched on and storing an input power supply when the switching circuit is switched off;
a freewheel circuit; the switching circuit is used for providing a conducting loop for the laser when the switching circuit is switched off, and releasing charges at two ends of the laser so as to protect the laser from being damaged;
the driving circuit comprises N driving branches, the enabling ends of the N driving branches are connected, the connection node is the enabling signal receiving end of the driving circuit, the input ends of the N driving branches are interconnected, the connection node is the pulse signal receiving end of the driving circuit, the output ends of the N driving branches are interconnected, the connection node is the driving end of the driving circuit, and N is larger than or equal to 2.
Optionally, the driving circuit includes an enable signal receiving end, a pulse signal receiving end, and a driving end, the enable signal receiving end of the driving circuit receives an enable signal from an external circuit, the pulse signal receiving end of the driving circuit receives a laser control signal from the external circuit, and the driving end of the driving circuit is connected to the controlled end of the switching circuit; the first end of the switch circuit is grounded, and the second end of the switch circuit, the output end of the laser and the input end of the follow current circuit are connected; the input end of the laser, the output end of the follow current circuit and the input end and the output end of the energy storage circuit are connected.
Optionally, the driving circuit further includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a first resistor, wherein enable ends of N driving branches are connected to a first end of the first resistor, connection nodes of the N driving branches are enable signal receiving ends of the driving circuit, input ends of the N driving branches are interconnected, connection nodes of the N driving branches receive enable signals, output ends of the N driving branches are interconnected, and connection nodes of the N driving branches receive laser control signals; the power input ends of the N paths of driving branches, the first end of the first capacitor and the first end of the second capacitor are connected, and the connection nodes of the N paths of driving branches are power supply ends of a driving circuit; the second end of the first resistor, the second end of the first capacitor and the second end of the second capacitor are all grounded;
an enabling receiving end of any driving branch circuit receives the enabling signal from an external circuit, a pulse signal receiving end of any driving branch circuit receives the laser control signal from the external circuit, and a driving end of any driving branch circuit is connected with a controlled end of the switch circuit; and the N drive branches are used for controlling the on/off frequency of the switch circuit according to an externally input laser control signal so as to modulate the output current of the drive power supply.
Optionally, when N is equal to 2, 2 driving branches are integrated in a first chip, where the chip model is UCC 2752.
Optionally, the laser is a vertical cavity surface emitting laser.
Optionally, the switch circuit is a switch tube, a gate of the switch tube is a controlled end of the switch circuit, a first end of the switch tube is a first end of the switch circuit, and a second end of the switch tube is a second end of the switch circuit.
Optionally, the energy storage circuit includes a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor, a first end of the third capacitor is connected to a second end of the fourth capacitor, a connection node of the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor is an input/output end of the energy storage circuit, and a second end of the third capacitor and a second end of the fourth capacitor are grounded.
Optionally, the freewheel circuit includes a first diode, an anode of the first diode is an input end of the freewheel circuit, and a cathode of the first diode is an output end of the freewheel circuit.
Optionally, the fourth capacitor is a flat capacitor.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a 3D camera including the laser operating circuit as described above.
The laser working circuit is provided with a driving power supply, a switching circuit, a driving circuit, an energy storage circuit and a follow current circuit, the switching-on/off frequency of the switching circuit is controlled by the driving circuit according to an externally input laser control signal so as to modulate the output current of the driving power supply, the energy storage circuit supplies power for the laser in a transient state when the switching circuit is switched on, and the input power supply is stored when the switching circuit is switched off. And when the switch circuit is switched off, the follow current circuit provides a conducting loop for the laser, and charges at two ends of the laser are released so as to protect the laser from being damaged. The driving circuit is provided with N driving branches, and control signals are output through the N driving branches to be connected with the driving switch circuit in parallel, so that the switching speed of the switching circuit is effectively improved, the pulse-driven edge time of the laser is reduced, the measurement precision is improved, and the technical problem of low measurement precision of a laser working circuit is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a laser operating circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the laser operating circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the laser operating circuit of the present invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a laser working circuit, which is used for solving the technical problem of low measurement precision of the laser working circuit.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the laser operating circuit includes a driving power supply 10, a driving circuit 50, a switching circuit 60, a tank circuit 30, and a free-wheeling circuit 20. The input terminal of the switching circuit 60 is connected to the driving power supply 10 via the laser, and the output terminal of the switching circuit 60 is grounded. The output terminal of the driving circuit 50 is connected to the controlled terminal of the switching circuit 60.
The driving circuit 50 controls the on/off frequency of the switching circuit 60 according to an externally input laser control signal, so as to modulate the output current of the driving power supply 10. The tank circuit 30 supplies power to the laser in a transient state when the switch circuit 60 is turned on, and stores the input power when the switch circuit 60 is turned off. At this time, the storage circuit 30 stores electric energy, so that transient power supply can be realized, and a large current is provided for the laser during instantaneous conduction. When the switch circuit 60 is turned off, the freewheeling circuit 20 provides a conducting loop for the laser, that is, the laser and the freewheeling circuit 20 form a loop, and the charges at the two ends of the laser are released, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the laser. In addition, as shown in fig. 2, the driving circuit 50 includes N driving branches, the enabling ends of the N driving branches are connected, the connection node is the enabling receiving end of the driving circuit 50, the input ends of the N driving branches are interconnected, the connection node is the pulse signal receiving end of the driving circuit 50, the output ends of the N driving branches are interconnected, the connection node is the driving end of the driving circuit 50, and N is greater than or equal to 2. Because the driving branch is set to be N paths at the moment, and the N paths of driving branches are designed in parallel, the driving capability with larger current can be realized, the design reduces the complexity of improving the driving circuit 50, and the circuit volume, the power consumption and the unit price are reduced. When large-current driving is needed, the N driving branches are connected in parallel, and at the moment, the N driving branches are connected in parallel, so that the switching pulse edge time of the switching circuit 60 can be effectively reduced, the switching speed of the switching circuit 60 is improved, the pulse driving edge time of a laser is reduced, and the measurement precision of a laser working circuit is improved. It is noted that the laser control signal is a pulse signal. By adjusting the pulse edge time, the switching speed of the switching circuit 60 can be further increased.
It should be noted that any connection relation for realizing signal transmission between the functional circuits may be used, and the connection relation is not limited, and in the present embodiment, the following connection relation is used for realizing signal transmission between the functional circuits. The driving circuit 50 comprises an enable signal receiving end, a pulse signal receiving end and a driving end, wherein the enable signal receiving end of the driving circuit 50 receives an enable signal from an external circuit, the pulse signal receiving end of the driving circuit 50 receives a laser control signal from the external circuit, and the driving end of the driving circuit 50 is connected with a controlled end of the switch circuit 60; the first end of the switch circuit 60 is grounded, and the second end of the switch circuit 60, the output end of the laser and the input end of the follow current circuit 20 are connected; the input end of the laser, the output end of the follow current circuit 20 and the input and output ends of the energy storage circuit 30 are connected.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, the driving circuit 50 further includes a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and a first resistor R1, an enable terminal of the N driving branches is connected to a first terminal of the first resistor R1, a connection node of the N driving branches is an enable receiving terminal of the driving circuit 50 and receives an enable signal, input terminals of the N driving branches are interconnected, a connection node of the N driving branches is a pulse signal receiving terminal of the driving circuit 50 and receives a laser control signal, output terminals of the N driving branches are interconnected, and a connection node of the N driving branches is a driving terminal of the driving circuit 50. The power input terminal of the N-way driving branch, the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 are connected, and the connection node is the power supply terminal of the driving circuit 50. The second terminal of the first resistor R1, the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 are all grounded.
The first resistor R1 is a reserved pull-down resistor, and it is ensured that the N drive branches do not malfunction. The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are voltage stabilizing and filtering capacitors for filtering out ac components and making the output dc more smooth and stable. The enable receiving end of any driving branch receives an enable signal from an external circuit, the pulse signal receiving end of any driving branch receives a laser control signal from the external circuit, and the driving end of any driving branch is connected with the controlled end of the switch circuit 60. The N-channel driving branch circuit controls the on/off frequency of the switch circuit 60 according to an externally input laser control signal, so as to modulate the magnitude of the output current of the driving power supply 10.
Optionally, to further simplify the driving circuit 50, when N is equal to 2, the 2-way driving branch is integrated in the first chip U1, the 2-way driving branch is respectively a first driving branch and a second driving branch, wherein an enable receiving terminal of the first driving branch is a first enable pin SD1 of the first chip U1, an enable receiving terminal of the second driving branch is a second enable pin SD1 of the first chip U1, a pulse signal receiving terminal of the first driving branch is a first pulse signal receiving pin INA of the first chip U1, a pulse signal receiving terminal of the second driving branch is a second pulse signal receiving pin INB of the first chip U1, a driving terminal of the first driving branch is a first driving pin INA of the first chip U1, a driving terminal of the second driving branch is a second driving pin OUTB of the first chip U1, the enable receiving terminal of the first driving branch is connected with the enable receiving terminal of the second driving branch, the pulse signal receiving end of the first driving branch is connected with the pulse signal receiving end of the second driving branch, the driving end of the first driving branch is connected with the driving end of the second driving branch, and the model of the chip is UCC 2752.
Wherein, first chip U1 is UCC2752, and for the chip that has double-circuit, heavy current drive and high-speed driving capability, the parallelly connected design of two way branches of first chip U1 realizes more heavy current driving capability, and this kind of design has reduced the complexity of two way discrete driver circuit to reduce circuit volume, consumption and unit price. At this time, the first chip U1 can control the laser driving current up to 10A. The requirement of the time of flight (TOF) test range of 3D imaging is met.
Optionally, the laser is a vertical cavity surface emitting laser.
The vertical cavity surface emitting laser is superior to the edge emitting laser, and can conveniently realize the integration of a two-bit plane and photoelectricity due to the fact that the vertical cavity surface emitting laser emits along the direction which is parallel to the surface of the substrate and perpendicular to the cleavage plane, the effective coupling with the optical fiber is easy to realize, and the modulation is convenient to tell.
In one embodiment, the switch circuit 60 is a switch Q1, the gate of the switch Q1 is the controlled terminal of the switch circuit 60, the first terminal of the switch Q1 is the first terminal of the switch circuit 60, and the second terminal of the switch Q1 is the second terminal of the switch circuit 60.
When the switching tube Q1 operates at a high speed, the gate parasitic capacitance is not negligible, and if the switching tube Q1 operates at a high speed, the gate parasitic capacitance affects the switching speed. In the invention, the N drive branches are used in parallel, so that the charging and discharging time of the grid parasitic capacitance of the switching tube Q1 is effectively reduced, and the switching speed of the switching tube Q1 is improved.
In an embodiment, when the switching tube Q1 is a low internal resistance high frequency switching tube, the switching speed of the switching tube Q1 can be effectively increased by combining N driving branches, so that the rising time of the switch of the switching tube Q1 is less than 10 ns. Namely, the edge time is less than 10ns, and the measurement precision is effectively improved.
In one embodiment, the tank circuit 30 includes a third capacitor C3 and a fourth capacitor C4, a first terminal of the third capacitor C3 is connected to a second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4, a connection node of the first terminal and the second terminal is an input/output terminal of the tank circuit 30, and a second terminal of the third capacitor C3 and a second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 are grounded.
The fourth capacitor C4 realizes transient power supply by using its charge and discharge function, so as to provide a large current when the laser is instantly turned on. Let the fourth capacitor C4 be C4, I is the instantaneous maximum current when the laser is operating, t is the laser pulse width, and U is the power LD _ VCC supply voltage, and according to the formula C4 ═ Q/U and Q ═ I ═ t, C4 ═ I ═ t/U can be obtained. When large current is needed for power supply, the parameters of the fourth capacitor C4 are selected according to the laser requirements and the above formula. The third capacitor C3 is a voltage stabilizing capacitor, so that the voltage output by the fourth capacitor C4 is more stable.
Optionally, the free-wheeling circuit 20 includes a first diode D1, an anode of the first diode D1 being an input of the free-wheeling circuit 20, and a cathode of the first diode D1 being an output of the free-wheeling circuit 20.
The first diode D1 is a freewheeling protection diode, and when the switch Q1 is turned off, the first diode D1 and the laser form a loop to release charges at both ends of the laser to protect the laser from being damaged.
Optionally, in order to further reduce the size of the driving circuit 50 and facilitate miniaturization thereof, the fourth capacitor C4 is a flat capacitor.
The principle of the invention is explained below with reference to fig. 1 and 2:
the first enabling pin SD1 and the second enabling pin SD2 of the first chip U1 are synchronously connected with enabling signals, two driving branches of the U1 in the first chip are started to work, a first pulse signal receiving pin INA and a second pulse signal receiving pin INB of the first chip U1 are synchronously connected with laser control signals, the two driving branches in the first chip simultaneously process the laser control signals, and the first driving pin OUTA and the second driving pin OUTB of the first chip U1 synchronously drive a switching tube Q1. Furthermore, in the circuit, the pulse width of the laser control signal can be adjusted to be 13ns, and the circuit can be normally driven at the moment, so that the situation that the switch cannot be closed in time due to the fact that the pulse width of the laser control signal is too small can be avoided. Transient power supply is achieved through the charge and discharge functions of the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4, so that large current is provided when the laser is conducted instantly, the laser is driven by the large current and narrow pulse, and the measurement accuracy is effectively improved.
In conclusion, the invention improves the measurement accuracy of the laser in multiple aspects, and well solves the problem of low measurement accuracy of the existing laser.
In order to solve the above problem, the present invention further provides a 3D camera including the above laser operating circuit.
It should be noted that, since the 3D camera of the present invention includes all embodiments of the laser working circuit, the 3D camera of the present invention has all the advantages of the laser working circuit, and the details are not repeated herein.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
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| CN114336269B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2024-01-16 | 深圳市帝迈生物技术有限公司 | Driving circuit and laser device |
| CN113872045B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-03-14 | 厦门优迅高速芯片有限公司 | Optical device drive circuit, impedance matching method, optical module, and electronic apparatus |
| CN116261238B (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-07-21 | 上海杰茗科技有限公司 | ToF light source driving circuit and electronic equipment |
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| CN102624278B (en) * | 2012-04-21 | 2013-12-25 | 吉林大学 | Pulse driving power supply of high-power semiconductor laser |
| US20140241387A1 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-28 | Raytheon Company | Multiple-current-source laser diode driver system |
| CN105553449B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2018-09-07 | 苏州芯动科技有限公司 | Slew Rate self calibration driving circuit, driver Slew Rate calibration circuit and its calibration method |
| CN205646432U (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-10-12 | 西安绿竹电子科技有限公司 | Semiconductor laser drive circuit |
| CN209133839U (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-07-19 | 三河市镭科光电科技有限公司 | A kind of semiconductor laser pumping power supply |
| CN110265867A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-09-20 | 北京雷动智创科技有限公司 | A kind of shot nanosecond pulse laser-driven chip based on SiP encapsulation |
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