Accurate tracking photovoltaic tracking system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic trackers, in particular to a precise tracking photovoltaic tracking system.
Background
The solar tracker is a power device for keeping the solar panel to be right against the sun at any time and enabling rays of sunlight to vertically irradiate the solar panel at any time, and the power generation efficiency of the solar photovoltaic module 530 can be remarkably improved by adopting the solar tracker. However, the existing double-shaft photovoltaic tracker has high transmission cost and low transmission reliability, and the single-shaft photovoltaic tracker has low cost and high stability, but has low daily precision and low solar energy utilization rate.
The Chinese patent application publication No. CN106712683A, publication No. 2016, 11-15, entitled "novel double-shaft photovoltaic tracking system", discloses a novel double-shaft photovoltaic tracking system, comprising a pair of photovoltaic tracking mechanisms and at least four steel wire ropes, wherein the pair of photovoltaic tracking mechanisms are separately arranged, each photovoltaic tracking mechanism comprises a supporting bracket, a vertical and horizontal rotary driving device, a motor 310 and an output bracket, one end of each of the at least four steel wire ropes is connected with the output bracket of one photovoltaic tracking mechanism, the other end of each of the at least four steel wire ropes is connected with the output bracket of the other photovoltaic tracking mechanism, the left side and the right side of each output bracket are respectively connected with at least two steel wire ropes, and a photovoltaic panel is connected with at least one point of each steel wire rope. However, the device can still only track the sun in one direction, the sun-to-day precision is not high, and the solar energy utilization rate is too low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a precise sun tracking photovoltaic tracking system which is used for realizing the double-dimensional precise sun tracking of a photovoltaic module, and comprises a main upright post, a secondary upright post, a driving mechanism, a bearing support and a rotor, wherein:
the secondary upright posts and the main upright posts are vertically arranged at intervals along the north-south direction;
The driving mechanism is arranged at the top of the main upright post and comprises a motor, a rotating shaft, a semicircular rail belt and a connecting rod, wherein the rotating shaft is obliquely arranged according to a yellow-red intersection angle and is coaxially connected with a power output end of the motor so as to acquire the torsional force provided by the motor and rotate; the diameter of the semicircular rail belt coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft so as to rotate along with the rotating shaft; one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the semicircular track belt, the hinge point is arranged according to the longitude and latitude of the project, and the hinge shaft is perpendicular to the rotating shaft and tangential with the semicircular track belt;
The bearing support is movably connected to the top of the secondary upright post, and the main shaft penetrates through the bearing support and can rotate and axially move in the bearing support.
In specific implementation, the driven mechanism is arranged at the top of the main upright post through a driving installation seat, wherein:
The drive mount pad fixed connection in the main stand top, pivot swing joint in the mounting hole at drive mount pad both ends is in order to rotate, motor fixed connection in the drive mount pad.
In the implementation, the main stand includes roof, shaped steel cylinder and stiffening plate, wherein:
The top plate is arranged at the top of the section steel cylinder and is connected with the driving installation seat in a fitting mode, and the stiffening plate is arranged at the top of the side wall of the section steel cylinder so as to strengthen the top plate.
In specific implementation, the power output end of the motor is connected with the rotating shaft through a speed reducer so as to transmit torsion force.
In specific implementation, the bearing support through hinge rod with secondary stand swing joint, wherein:
The top of the hinge rod is hinged to the bottom end of the bearing support, the hinge rod can rotate around the hinge hole relative to the bearing support, the bottom end of the hinge rod is hinged to the top of the secondary upright, and the hinge rod can pitch and rotate along the arrangement direction of the main upright and the secondary upright.
In the implementation, the main shaft is arranged in the bearing support through two semicircular plastic bearings, wherein the two semicircular plastic bearings are sleeved on the main shaft and can rotate in the bearing support along with the main shaft, and the main shaft can slide along the axial direction relative to the two semicircular plastic bearings.
In a specific implementation, the rotor includes a plurality of photovoltaic modules and a plurality of secondary beams, wherein:
The plurality of secondary beams are distributed along the axial direction of the main shaft at intervals, each photovoltaic module is sequentially arranged between every two adjacent secondary beams, and two side edges are lapped on the top of each secondary beam.
In specific implementation, the main shaft is also provided with a limiting top plate, wherein:
The limiting top plate is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft, the limiting top plate is arranged at the rear end of the bearing support and faces to the incident direction of light rays, and the limiting top plate and the secondary beam below the bearing support are used for limiting the main shaft to slide along the axial direction in a specified range.
In the implementation, each photovoltaic module is fixedly connected to the top of the secondary beam through a middle pressing block and an edge pressing block, wherein:
The middle pressure block is arranged between two adjacent photovoltaic modules, and the side pressure block is arranged on the outer sides of the photovoltaic modules at two ends in a row.
In specific implementation, the connecting rod and the secondary beam are fixedly connected to the main shaft through a U-shaped hoop and a base plate.
In specific implementation, the bottoms of the main upright post and the secondary upright post are arranged at the top of the concrete pile foundation.
The invention provides an accurate tracking photovoltaic tracking system, which comprises a main upright post, a secondary upright post, a driving mechanism, a bearing support and a rotor, wherein the main upright post and the secondary upright post are vertically arranged along the incident direction of light rays, the driving mechanism is arranged at the top of the main upright post and comprises a motor, a rotating shaft, a semicircular rail belt and a connecting rod, the rotating shaft is obliquely arranged along the direction of a yellow-red intersection angle, a power output end of the motor is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, the diameter of the semicircular rail belt coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft and is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft to rotate along with the rotating shaft, one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the semicircular rail belt, a hinging point is arranged according to the longitude and latitude of a project, a hinging shaft is perpendicular to the rotating shaft and is tangential with the semicircular rail belt, a main shaft of the rotor is fixedly connected with the other end of the connecting rod so that the rotor moves along with the connecting rod, the bearing support is movably connected to the top of the secondary upright post, and the main shaft of the rotor penetrates through the bearing support and can rotate and axially move in the bearing support. The precise sun tracking photovoltaic tracking system aims at the defects that the existing photovoltaic tracking system cannot precisely track the sun, is complex in structure, complex in control, poor in reliability, high in cost and the like, a single input shaft is creatively utilized to realize the dual-dimensional precise sun tracking, the semicircular track belt and connecting rod structure can simulate the running of the earth relative to the sun, precise sun tracking is realized, the semicircular track belt and connecting rod structure can realize double-stage speed reduction, the driving cost is greatly saved, meanwhile, the rotation control of the single input shaft is exquisite, the rotation of the input shaft simulates the rotation of the earth around the earth shaft, the control is reliable, and the control cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it will be apparent that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a precision tracking photovoltaic tracking system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of a main column and drive mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of a rotor according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a connecting rod and a main shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a semicircular track belt in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a bearing support and a secondary upright according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are used herein to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, the present invention provides a precise sun tracking system for realizing two-dimensional precise sun tracking of a photovoltaic module 530, the precise sun tracking system comprises a main upright 100, a sub-upright 200, a driving mechanism 300, a bearing support 400 and a rotor 500, wherein:
The secondary upright posts 200 and the main upright posts 100 are vertically arranged at intervals along the north-south direction;
The driving mechanism 300 is arranged at the top of the main upright 100 and comprises a motor 310, a rotating shaft 320, a semicircular track belt 330 and a connecting rod 340, wherein the rotating shaft 320 is obliquely arranged according to a yellow-red intersection angle and is coaxially connected with a power output end of the motor 310 so as to acquire torsion force provided by the motor 310 and rotate, the diameter of the semicircular track belt 330 coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft 320 and is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 320 so as to rotate along with the rotating shaft 320, one end of the connecting rod 340 is hinged with the semicircular track belt 330, a hinging point is arranged according to the longitude and latitude of a project, a hinging shaft is perpendicular to the rotating shaft 320 and is tangential to the semicircular track belt 330, and a main shaft 510 of the rotor 500 is fixedly connected with the other end of the connecting rod 340 so as to enable the rotor 500 to move along with the connecting rod 340;
the bearing support 400 is movably connected to the top of the secondary upright 200, and the main shaft 510 penetrates through the bearing support 400 and can rotate and axially move in the bearing support 400.
The working principle of the system is that during sun tracking, a motor 310 drives a rotating shaft 320 to rotate, the rotating shaft 320 drives a semicircular track belt 330 to rotate around the diameter, a connecting point on the semicircular track belt 330 and a connecting rod 340 move along with the semicircular track belt 330, the connecting rod 340 is further driven to move according to the solar motion law, a main shaft 510 is driven to move according to the solar motion law around a connecting point of a bearing support 400 by the connecting rod 340, the main shaft 510 drives a photovoltaic module 530 fixed on the main shaft 510 to accurately track the sun, the semicircular track belt 330 is manufactured according to the movement of the earth surface point relative to the sun, the connecting point on the track belt moves according to the solar motion law, the main shaft 510 of the rotor 500 is driven by the connecting rod 340 to operate according to the solar motion law, so that complete accurate sun tracking is realized, the solar ray moment is ensured to be perpendicular to the photovoltaic module 530, and the power generation efficiency is maximized. In addition, since the connecting point on the semicircular track belt 330 and the diameter of the semicircular track belt 330 have different linear speeds, one-stage speed reduction and moment increase are realized, and the connecting rod 340 has different linear speeds between the rotating shaft 320 and the circumferential point of the connecting rod 340, so that two-stage speed reduction and moment increase are realized, the driving cost is greatly saved due to two-stage speed reduction, and meanwhile, the structural safety is improved.
In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the connection point between the connecting rod 340 and the semicircular track belt 330 may be located at the position of the offset center of the semicircular track belt 330, similar to the north-south hemisphere of the earth, so that the connection point is driven to simulate the running track of the sun when the semicircular track belt 330 rotates around the diameter, and accurate sun tracking is realized.
In particular embodiments, the coupling of the drive mechanism 300 to the upright may be provided in a variety of embodiments. For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in order to ensure the connection stability of the driving mechanism 300 and improve the working stability of the system, the driving mechanism 300 may be disposed on the top of the main upright 100 through a driving mounting base 350, where the driving mounting base 350 is fixedly connected to the top of the main upright 100, the rotating shaft 320 is movably connected to mounting holes at two ends of the driving mounting base 350 to rotate, and the motor 310 is fixedly connected to the driving mounting base 350.
In particular embodiments, the main column 100 may be provided in a variety of embodiments. For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in order to ensure the structural stability of the main upright 100 and effectively support the driving mechanism 300 and the rotor 500, the main upright 100 may include a top plate 120, a steel column 110 and a stiffening plate 130, wherein the top plate 120 is disposed on the top of the steel column 110 and is attached to the driving mounting base 350, and the stiffening plate 130 is disposed on the top of the side wall of the steel column 110 to strengthen the top plate 120. Further, stiffening plates 130 may also be provided at the bottom of the side walls of the steel column 110 to enhance the supporting capability.
In particular embodiments, the motor 310 may be coupled to the shaft 320 in a variety of ways. For example, the power output end of the motor 310 may be connected to the rotation shaft 320 through a decelerator to transmit torsion force.
In particular embodiments, the connection of bearing support 400 to secondary post 200 may be in a variety of embodiments. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the bearing support 400 may be movably connected to the secondary upright 200 by a hinge 410, wherein a top end of the hinge 410 is hinged to a bottom end of the bearing support 400 and is rotatable about a hinge hole with respect to the bearing support 400, and a bottom end of the hinge is hinged to a top of the secondary upright 200 and is capable of pitching rotation in an arrangement direction of the primary upright 100 and the secondary upright 200. By utilizing the principle of two points and one line, the bearing support 400 with the hinge rod 410 arranged at the bottom can realize multi-dimensional rotation, thereby playing the role of spherical hinge and improving the structural reliability while reducing the processing cost.
In particular embodiments, the arrangement of bearings within bearing support 400 may have a variety of embodiments. For example, as shown in fig. 6, the main shaft 510 is disposed in the bearing support 400 through two semicircular plastic bearings, wherein the two semicircular plastic bearings are sleeved on the main shaft 510 and can rotate in the bearing support 400 along with the main shaft 510, and the main shaft 510 can slide along the axial direction relative to the two semicircular plastic bearings. The arrangement of the plastic bearing can enable the bearing support 400 to have a self-lubricating effect, so that the stability of the system is effectively improved.
In practice, the photovoltaic modules 530 and the secondary beams 520 on the rotor 500 may be configured in a variety of ways. For example, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the rotor 500 may include a plurality of photovoltaic modules 530 and a plurality of sub-beams 520, where the plurality of sub-beams 520 are arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft 510 at intervals, each of the photovoltaic modules 530 is sequentially disposed between each adjacent two of the sub-beams 520, and two sides are lapped on the top of the sub-beam 520.
In particular, as shown in fig. 1, in order to reduce the pressure of the rotor 500 on the main column 100 during the movement process, the main shaft 510 may be further provided with a limiting top plate 511, where the limiting top plate 511 may be sleeved on the main shaft 510, and the limiting top plate may be disposed at the rear end of the bearing support 400 facing the light incident direction, and limit the sliding of the main shaft 510 in the axial direction within a specified range together with the secondary beam 520 below the position of the bearing support 400. Top plate 120 may limit the relative position of main shaft 510 and bearing support 400 during movement of rotor 500, thereby effectively distributing the pressure of rotor 500 to secondary upright 200.
In particular embodiments, the connection of the photovoltaic module 530 to the secondary beam 520 may have a variety of embodiments. For example, as shown in fig. 3, in order to ensure connection stability, each of the photovoltaic modules 530 may be fixedly connected to the top of the secondary beam 520 through a middle pressing block 541 and a side pressing block 542, wherein the middle pressing block 541 is disposed between two adjacent photovoltaic modules 530, and the side pressing blocks 542 are disposed on the outer sides of the photovoltaic modules 530 at two ends in a row.
In practice, the connection of the connecting rod 340 and the secondary beam 520 to the primary shaft 510 may have various embodiments. For example, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to increase the installation speed while ensuring the stability of the system, the connecting rod 340 and the secondary beam 520 may be fixedly connected to the main shaft 510 through a U-shaped anchor 610 and a pad 620.
In particular, as shown in fig. 1, in order to ensure stability of the main column 100 and the secondary column 200, the main column 100 and the secondary column 200 may be disposed on top of the concrete pile foundation 700.
In summary, the accurate tracking photovoltaic tracking system comprises a main upright post, a secondary upright post, a driving mechanism, a bearing support and a rotor, wherein the main upright post and the secondary upright post are vertically arranged along the incident direction of light rays, the driving mechanism is arranged at the top of the main upright post and comprises a motor, a rotating shaft, a semicircular rail belt and a connecting rod, the rotating shaft is obliquely arranged along the direction of a yellow-red intersection angle, a power output end of the motor is coaxially connected with the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, the diameter of the semicircular rail belt coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft and is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft to rotate along with the rotating shaft, one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the semicircular rail belt, a hinge point is arranged according to the longitude and latitude of a project, a hinge shaft is perpendicular to the rotating shaft and is tangent with the semicircular rail belt, a main shaft of the rotor is fixedly connected with the other end of the connecting rod so that the rotor moves along with the connecting rod, the bearing support is movably connected to the top of the secondary upright post, and the main shaft of the rotor penetrates through the bearing support and can rotate and axially move in the bearing support. The precise sun tracking photovoltaic tracking system aims at the defects that the existing photovoltaic tracking system cannot precisely track the sun, is complex in structure, complex in control, poor in reliability, high in cost and the like, a single input shaft is creatively utilized to realize the dual-dimensional precise sun tracking, the semicircular track belt and connecting rod structure can simulate the running of the earth relative to the sun, precise sun tracking is realized, the semicircular track belt and connecting rod structure can realize double-stage speed reduction, the driving cost is greatly saved, meanwhile, the rotation control of the single input shaft is exquisite, the rotation of the input shaft simulates the rotation of the earth around the earth shaft, the control is reliable, and the control cost is reduced.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.