CN111157417A - Riverbed permeability coefficient testing device - Google Patents
Riverbed permeability coefficient testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111157417A CN111157417A CN201910439282.8A CN201910439282A CN111157417A CN 111157417 A CN111157417 A CN 111157417A CN 201910439282 A CN201910439282 A CN 201910439282A CN 111157417 A CN111157417 A CN 111157417A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 202
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004247 hand Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及水利工程技术领域，公开了一种河床渗透系数测试装置，包括取样单元和渗漏单元，所述取样单元包括取样管和活塞组件，取样管的底端为开口状以供河床土样进入取样管中，活塞组件可拆卸地密封插设于取样管内并能够相对于取样管沿取样管的轴向往复移动，所述取样单元还包括可拆卸地盖设于取样管底端的底端盖，底端盖设置为允许水通过而阻止河床土样通过；所述渗漏单元包括渗水桶，渗水桶设置为能够供所述取样单元垂直插入以进行渗透试验。本发明通过取样单元能够方便快速地采集河床原状土样，大大提高取样效率，通过渗漏单元进行渗透试验不仅能够排除河水水流的干扰，还增加了试验的灵活性与可操作性，提高了试验效率。
The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and discloses a riverbed permeability coefficient testing device, comprising a sampling unit and a seepage unit, wherein the sampling unit includes a sampling pipe and a piston assembly, and the bottom end of the sampling pipe is open for supplying riverbed soil samples into the sampling tube, the piston assembly is detachably sealed and inserted in the sampling tube and can reciprocate relative to the sampling tube along the axial direction of the sampling tube, and the sampling unit further includes a bottom end cap detachably covered on the bottom end of the sampling tube , the bottom end cover is set to allow water to pass through and prevent the riverbed soil sample from passing through; the seepage unit includes a seepage bucket, and the seepage bucket is set to be able to vertically insert the sampling unit to conduct a penetration test. In the present invention, the undisturbed soil sample of the river bed can be collected conveniently and quickly through the sampling unit, and the sampling efficiency is greatly improved. The penetration test through the seepage unit can not only eliminate the interference of the river water flow, but also increase the flexibility and operability of the test, and improve the test performance. efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a riverbed permeability coefficient testing device.
Background
The method for acquiring the riverbed permeability coefficient in the field mainly comprises a micro-water test method, a pumping test method, a water seepage instrument method, a water head drop standpipe test method and the like. Compared with other methods, the vertical tube method has the advantages of less material consumption, lower cost and simple operation, and is widely used for measuring the permeability coefficient of the field riverbed. The conventional standpipe method is to drive a single pipe (steel pipe, organic glass pipe, etc.) with a certain length and diameter into a certain depth below the river bed, and to measure the rate of water falling in the pipe by injecting water into the pipe to calculate the permeability coefficient of the river bed.
Although the standpipe method has become a mature method for in-situ testing the vertical permeability coefficient of the riverbed, the following defects still exist: (1) the standpipe method requires that the measured sediment medium is saturated, but due to the complexity of the riverbed structure, whether the sediment medium at the test point position is saturated or not is difficult to judge during in-situ test; (2) the current state of the river water may have some effect on the rate of infiltration of water in the standpipe.
In addition, because the magnitude of the permeability coefficient is related to the nature of the sediment medium, it is sometimes necessary to collect certain soil samples for indoor analysis. However, the existing instruments for measuring the permeability coefficient of the riverbed, such as the vertical pipe or the improved porous medium vertical permeability coefficient measuring instrument, cannot simply and conveniently sample, and generally need to sample the soil sample by excavating the surrounding soil layer to the bottom of the pipe and taking out the vertical pipe in a sealing manner after the infiltration test is finished. This method is not only time and labor consuming, but also unsuitable for sampling in this way for river segments with water.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a riverbed permeability coefficient testing device, which solves the problems of difficult sampling, low sampling efficiency, easy interference of field environment in the testing process and the like in the existing riverbed permeability coefficient testing.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a riverbed permeability coefficient testing apparatus, comprising:
the sampling unit comprises a sampling tube and a piston assembly, wherein the bottom end of the sampling tube is open so that a riverbed soil sample can enter the sampling tube, the piston assembly is detachably and hermetically inserted into the sampling tube and can move back and forth relative to the sampling tube along the axial direction of the sampling tube, the sampling unit further comprises a bottom end cover which is detachably covered at the bottom end of the sampling tube, and the bottom end cover is set to allow water to pass through and prevent the riverbed soil sample from passing through; and
and the seepage unit comprises a seepage bucket, and the seepage bucket is arranged to be capable of supplying the sample unit to be vertically inserted for a seepage test.
Optionally, the piston assembly comprises a piston rod and a piston connected to the bottom end of the piston rod, the piston being in sealing contact with the inner wall of the sampling tube; and/or
At least the part of the bottom end cover, which is opposite to the bottom end opening of the sampling tube, is a stainless steel wire mesh or a water-permeable non-woven fabric.
Optionally, the piston comprises a piston body and a sealing ring, an annular groove extending along the circumferential direction of the piston body is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the piston body, and the sealing ring is embedded in the annular groove; and/or
The top end of the piston rod is connected with a handle.
Optionally, the top end of the sampling tube is open, the sampling unit comprises a top end cover detachably covered on the top end of the sampling tube, and the top end cover is provided with a through hole for the piston rod to pass through; and/or.
The piston rod is provided with a first scale mark along the axial direction of the piston rod.
Optionally, the piston assembly comprises a marking structure arranged on the piston rod for marking the first graduation mark, and the marking structure is arranged to be lockably movable in the axial direction of the piston rod.
Optionally, the mark structure includes a positioning element and a locking element, the positioning element is sleeved on the piston rod and has an unlocking state that clasps the piston rod to lock the piston rod and unlock the piston rod so as to move, the locking element is configured to cooperate with the positioning element to lock or unlock through the actuation of the locking element.
Optionally, the seepage unit comprises a fixing member mounted on the seepage bucket for fixing the sampling tube to the seepage bucket; and/or
The sampling tube is provided with a second scale mark along the axial direction of the sampling tube.
Optionally, the fixing member is a fixing cover covering the top end of the water seepage barrel, the fixing cover is provided with a water injection port for injecting water into the water seepage barrel and a ring sleeve for allowing the sampling tube to vertically extend into the water seepage barrel, and the ring sleeve has a fixing state for tightly holding the sampling tube to fix the sampling tube and a loosening state for loosening the sampling tube to facilitate the sampling tube to extend into and be pulled out.
Optionally, the sampling tube is a stainless steel tube, and/or a handle is connected to the outer wall of the sampling tube.
Optionally, the testing device comprises a water level detector for detecting the water level in the sampling pipe; and/or
The testing device comprises an air pressure detector, and the air pressure detector is used for detecting the atmospheric pressure around the sampling tube.
According to the technical scheme, in the test process of the riverbed permeability coefficient test device, after the sampling tube is inserted into the riverbed, the piston assembly can be jacked up by riverbed sediments and slowly slide upwards, the part below the piston assembly is isolated from air and basically in a vacuum negative pressure state due to the sealing fit of the piston assembly and the sampling tube, and the riverbed sediments entering the sampling tube can be taken out along with the sampling tube under the action of vacuum negative pressure when the sampling tube is pulled out; the sampling unit of the invention utilizes the principle of vacuum negative pressure, so that the sampling is simpler and more convenient, the efficiency is higher, the sampling unit not only can be suitable for waterless river reach, but also can conveniently collect riverbed soil samples for river reach with water, and the applicability is very strong. In addition, the leakage unit is arranged, so that the permeability coefficient test can be performed on the riverbed soil sample collected by the sampling unit, the test can be performed in the field and can be carried back to the indoor environment, the flexibility and operability of the test are improved, and the test efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the seepage unit can ensure that the riverbed soil sample is in a water-saturated state by utilizing the seepage bucket, and the interference of the outdoor environment to the test is eliminated.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the riverbed permeability coefficient testing device in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the riverbed permeability coefficient testing device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the endcap of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a complete bottom view of the endcap of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the top end cap of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a complete top view of the top end cap of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a top view of one embodiment of a spacer of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of the locking element of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the piston of fig. 1.
Description of the reference numerals
1-sampling tube, 11-handle, 2-top end cover, 21-through hole, 3-bottom end cover, 4-piston, 41-piston body, 42-sealing ring, 5-piston rod, 51-handle, 6-positioning piece, 61-threaded hole, 7-locking piece, 71-threaded part, 8-water seepage bucket, 9-fixed cover, 91-ring sleeve, 92-water injection port and 93-screw.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the use of directional terms such as "upper, lower, top, bottom" generally refers to the orientation shown in FIG. 1. "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of the respective component itself.
The invention provides a riverbed permeability coefficient testing device, which comprises:
the sampling device comprises a sampling unit and a control unit, wherein the sampling unit comprises a sampling tube 1 and a piston assembly, the bottom end of the sampling tube 1 is open so that a riverbed soil sample can enter the sampling tube 1, the piston assembly is detachably and hermetically inserted into the sampling tube 1 and can move back and forth relative to the sampling tube 1 along the axial direction of the sampling tube 1, the sampling unit further comprises a bottom end cover 3 which is detachably covered on the bottom end of the sampling tube 1, and the bottom end cover 3 is set to allow water to pass through and prevent the riverbed soil sample from passing through; and
and the seepage unit comprises a seepage bucket 8 (which can be a stainless steel bucket), and the seepage bucket 8 is arranged to be capable of allowing the sampling unit to be vertically inserted for a seepage test.
In the test process of the riverbed permeability coefficient test device, after the sampling tube 1 is inserted into a riverbed, the piston assembly can be jacked up by riverbed sediments and slowly slide upwards, because the piston assembly is in sealing fit with the sampling tube 1, the part below the piston assembly is isolated from air and basically in a vacuum negative pressure state, and when the sampling tube 1 is pulled out, the riverbed sediments (namely riverbed soil samples) entering the sampling tube 1 can be taken out along with the sampling tube 1 under the action of vacuum negative pressure; the sampling unit of the invention utilizes the vacuum negative pressure principle, so that the sampling is simpler and more convenient, the efficiency is higher, the sampling unit not only can be suitable for an anhydrous river reach, but also can conveniently collect riverbed soil samples for a river reach with water, and the applicability is very strong. In addition, the leakage unit is arranged, so that the penetration test can be performed on the riverbed soil sample collected by the sampling unit, the test can be performed in the field and can be carried back to the indoor environment, the flexibility and operability of the test are improved, and the test efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the seepage unit can ensure that the riverbed soil sample is in a water-saturated state by using the seepage bucket 8, and the interference of the outdoor environment to the test is eliminated.
Therefore, the invention can conveniently and rapidly collect the undisturbed soil sample of the riverbed through the sampling unit, greatly improves the sampling efficiency, can eliminate the interference of river water flow through the penetration test of the leakage unit, increases the flexibility and operability of the test and improves the test efficiency. The method has certain popularization value for field determination of the riverbed vertical permeability coefficient.
In the above, the bottom end cap 3 is detachably arranged, so that the sampling tube 1 can be detached from the bottom end cap 3 during sampling, so that the riverbed soil sample can enter the sampling tube 1 from the bottom end opening of the sampling tube 1, and after sampling is completed and during the permeation test, the bottom end cap 3 can be mounted on the sampling tube 1 to prevent the riverbed soil sample from leaking out of the bottom end opening of the sampling tube 1. Meanwhile, by setting the bottom end cap 3 to allow water to pass through, smooth progress of the permeation test can be ensured. The specific structure of the bottom end cap 3 can be implemented in various ways, for example, at least the part of the bottom end cap 3 opposite to the bottom opening of the sampling tube 1 can be made of stainless steel wire mesh or water-permeable non-woven fabric. The stainless steel mesh and the water-permeable nonwoven fabric allow water to pass through and prevent the riverbed soil sample from passing through, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the bottom end cap 3 may include a bottom wall and a peripheral wall extending upward from the bottom wall, the peripheral wall having an inner diameter configured to be fitted over the sampling tube 1, the peripheral wall being detachably fixed to the sampling tube 1 by screws, and the bottom wall may have a plurality of holes formed therein, the holes being sized to allow water to pass therethrough and to prevent a bed soil sample from passing therethrough. Of course, the bottom wall may also be a stainless steel mesh or a water-permeable nonwoven. Yet another simpler and less costly way is to directly attach a gauze kerchief or the like to the bottom end of the sampling tube 1. That is, the bottom end cap 3 may be a gauze towel or the like.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the piston assembly may include a piston rod 5 and a piston 4 connected to a bottom end of the piston rod 5, the piston 4 being in sealing contact with an inner wall of the sampling tube 1. In order to improve the sealing performance of the contact between the piston 4 and the sampling tube 1, the piston 4 may include a piston body 41 and a sealing ring 42, an annular groove extending along the circumferential direction of the piston body 41 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the piston body 41, and the sealing ring 42 is embedded in the annular groove (see fig. 10).
Since the piston assembly needs to be removed from the sampling tube 1 when performing the permeation test, that is, the piston assembly is detachably provided in the present invention, so that the piston assembly is easily inserted into the sampling tube 1 when sampling, and is easily removed from the sampling tube 1 when performing the permeation test. In order to facilitate the insertion and extraction of the piston assembly, as shown in fig. 1, a handle 51 may be further connected to the top end of the piston rod 5. The handle 51 may be detachably connected to the piston rod 5, or may be fixedly connected to the piston rod.
In the present invention, the top end of the sampling tube 1 may also be open, the sampling unit may further include a top end cap 2 detachably covering the top end of the sampling tube 1, and the top end cap 2 is provided with a through hole 21 through which the piston rod 5 passes (see fig. 1, 5, and 6). Thus, when the plunger assembly is disassembled, the top end cap 2 and the sampling tube 1 can be disassembled first, and then the top end cap 2 and the plunger assembly can be disassembled from the sampling tube 1.
In the process of testing the permeability coefficient, the height of the riverbed soil sample taken out by the sampling tube 1 needs to be measured, so that the piston rod 5 can be provided with a first scale mark along the axial direction of the piston rod 5 in order to allow the sampling unit to have the function of measuring the height of the riverbed soil sample. After sampling, the riverbed soil sample entering the sampling tube 1 can jack the piston assembly to a certain height, and the height of the upward movement of the piston rod 5, namely the height of the collected riverbed soil sample (i.e. later mentioned) can be obtained by reading the piston rod scale corresponding to the top end of the sampling tube 1 at the moment and comparing the piston rod scale corresponding to the top end of the sampling tube 1 before sampling with the piston rod scale corresponding to the top end of the sampling tube 1 before sampling.
In order to obtain the corresponding scale more conveniently and quickly, the piston assembly may further comprise a marking structure provided on the piston rod 5 for marking the first scale mark, the marking structure being configured to be lockably movable in the axial direction of the piston rod 5. Through the setting of mark structure, need not necessarily read before the piston assembly dismantles after the sample is accomplished, can read again after unloading the piston assembly from the sampling pipe, can also ensure the accuracy of reading simultaneously.
The marking structure can have various implementation manners, and according to one embodiment of the present invention, the marking structure can include a positioning member 6 and a locking member 7, the positioning member 6 is sleeved on the piston rod 5 and has a locking state of clasping the piston rod 5 to lock the piston rod 5 and an unlocking state of releasing the piston rod 5 for movement, and the locking member 7 is configured to cooperate with the positioning member 6 to lock or unlock the positioning member 6 through actuation of the locking member 7. Specifically, for example, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 7 to 9, the positioning member 6 may be a ring having a side opening (see the right side of fig. 7), both open ends of the ring are provided with corresponding threaded holes 61, respectively, and the locking member 7 may be an L-shaped bar member as shown in fig. 9, and the left end of the locking member 7 is formed into a threaded portion 71, and the threaded portion 71 may be inserted into and threadedly engaged with both the threaded holes 61 on the ring. The inner diameter of the ring can be adjusted by rotating the locking element 7, so that the piston rod 5 can be clasped or unclamped.
During sampling, the positioning piece 6 can be in an unlocking state firstly, then the sampling tube 1 is inserted into a riverbed, at the moment, the piston rod 5 moves upwards, and the positioning piece 6 loosens the piston rod 5, so that the positioning piece cannot move upwards along with the piston rod 5 and always abuts against the upper part of the top end cover 2; after the sampling tube 1 reaches the measured depth, the positioning part 6 is adjusted to be in a locking state through the locking part 7 and fixed on the piston rod 5, and at the moment, the bottom end of the positioning part 6 is flush with the top end of the sampling tube 1, and the scale of the piston rod corresponding to the top end of the sampling tube 1 is marked.
In the present invention, in order to ensure the smooth performance of the permeation test, the sampling unit needs to be fixed after being inserted into the permeation barrel 8, and since the piston assembly needs to be removed when the permeation test is performed, only the sampling tube 1 and the bottom end cap 3 remain, the permeation unit may include a fixing member mounted on the permeation barrel 8 for fixing the sampling tube 1 to the permeation barrel 8.
According to an embodiment of the fixing member of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fixing member is a fixing cover 9 covering the top end of the infiltration barrel 8, the fixing cover 9 is provided with a water injection port 92 for injecting water into the infiltration barrel 8 and a ring sleeve 91 for vertically extending the sampling tube 1 into the infiltration barrel 8, and the ring sleeve 91 has a fixing state of tightly holding the sampling tube 1 to fix the sampling tube 1 and a release state of releasing the sampling tube 1 to facilitate the extension and the extraction of the sampling tube 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the ring 91 may be similar to a half nut, and two open/close arms of the ring 91 may be provided with mounting holes for screws 93 to pass through, and the inner diameter of the ring 91 may be adjusted by screwing the screws 93, so as to fix and release the sampling tube 1. Wherein, for the convenience of screwing, the screw 93 may be a thumb screw. It will be appreciated that the collar 91 is similar to the rings mentioned above.
In the present invention, in order to prolong the service life of the sampling tube 1, the sampling tube 1 may be a stainless steel tube. In order to facilitate the insertion and extraction of the sampling tube 1, a handle 11 can be connected to the outer wall of the sampling tube 1. In addition, the sampling tube 1 can be provided with a second graduation mark along the axial direction of the sampling tube 1, so as to measure the depth of the sampling tube 1 inserted into the infiltration water barrel 8.
In the present invention, in order to obtain the permeability coefficient of the river bed, the testing apparatus may further include a water level detector for detecting the water level in the sampling pipe 1. Wherein, the water level detector can be a DIVER water level recorder. In addition, the testing device may further include an air pressure detector for detecting the atmospheric pressure around the sampling tube 1. The air pressure detector may be a BARO air pressure recorder. The BARO atmospheric pressure record appearance can be used to record a stable atmospheric pressure, subtracts the atmospheric pressure that BARO atmospheric pressure record appearance detected through the data that DIVER water level record appearance detected and is the water column height between bottom and the water level in the sampling tube 1 of DIVER water level record appearance promptly.
The method for measuring the permeability coefficient of the riverbed in the invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing 1:
(1) sampling: the positioning piece 6 is in an unlocking state, the sampling tube 1 is vertically inserted into a riverbed, the sampling tube 1 can be properly assisted to be inserted by knocking the top end cover 2 at the top end of the sampling tube 1, after the sampling tube 1 is inserted to a certain depth, the piston rod 5 arranged in the sampling tube 1 is jacked up by riverbed sediments and moves upwards for a certain distance, the positioning piece 6 is in a locking state, and the depth of the sampling tube 1 inserted into the riverbed and the height of the taken sediments can be conveniently read through the position of a first scale mark on the piston rod 5 marked by the positioning piece 6; the sediment in the sampling tube 1 is isolated from the contact with the air by the piston 4 and is basically in a vacuum state, when the sampling tube 1 is pulled out upwards, the sediment in the sampling tube 1 is firmly adsorbed to the sampling tube 1 and cannot fall down due to the existence of vacuum negative pressure, the handle 11 is arranged on the outer wall of the sampling tube 1, and the handle 11 can be held by two hands to apply force to the sampling tube 1 during sampling; after the sampling tube 1 is taken out, the bottom end cap 3 is mounted on the bottom end of the sampling tube 1, and the top end cap 2 and the piston assembly are removed from the sampling tube 1 (the removed top end cap 2 and piston assembly can be mounted in another sampling tube for sampling again).
(2) And (3) penetration test: the sampling tube 1 is vertically inserted into the infiltration barrel 8 through a ring sleeve 91 of a fixing cover 9 arranged on the upper edge of the infiltration barrel 8, the ring sleeve 91 is tightly held on the sampling tube 1 through an adjusting screw 93 to fix the sampling tube 1, water is filled into the infiltration barrel 8 through a water filling port 92, the collected riverbed sediment is not necessarily saturated due to the complexity of the riverbed structure, and the depth of the sampling tube 1 inserted into the infiltration barrel 8 can be adjusted at the moment to ensure that the sediment in the sampling tube 1 can be completely submerged by water to remove air in the sediment, so that the pore space of the sediment is completely saturated with water; readjusting the depth of the sampling tube 1 inserted into the seepage water barrel 8 to make the sediment in the sampling tube 1 leak out of a part above the water surface of the seepage water barrel 8, and quickly measuring the depth by reading a second scale mark on the outer wall of the sampling tube 1; suspending a DIVER water level recorder in the sampling tube 1 by using an iron wire (the bottom end of the DIVER water level recorder is positioned above a sediment to ensure that the DIVER is vertical), simultaneously recording air pressure by using a BARO air pressure recorder, slowly injecting water into the sampling tube 1 along the wall from the top opening of the sampling tube 1 until the whole sampling tube 1 is filled, and continuously injecting water for 1min after the sampling tube is filled so that the DIVER water level recorder records a relatively stable water level value (namely the full water level of the sampling tube); after stopping filling water, the water in the sampling tube 1 is boiledLeakage onset, the time to start the measurement (t) is recorded1) And the time (t) for stopping the measurement2) And taking out the DIVER water level recorder, downloading data in the recorder, and calculating the vertical permeability coefficient of the riverbed according to a formula.
The calculation formula of the riverbed vertical permeability coefficient is as follows:
wherein H1、H2Are each t1、t2The distance between the water surface in the sampling tube 1 and the water surface in the infiltration barrel 8 at two moments is l, and l is the height of the riverbed soil sample in the sampling tube.
In the above, H1Can pass through t1The height of the water column between the bottom end of the DIVER and the water surface in the sampling pipe 1, the height of the bottom end of the DIVER from the upper surface of the sediment and the height of the upper surface of the sediment from the water surface in the seepage bucket 8 are added to obtain the water level difference H2Can pass through t2The height of the water column between the bottom end of the DIVER and the water surface in the sampling pipe 1, the height of the bottom end of the DIVER from the upper surface of the sediment and the height of the upper surface of the sediment from the water surface in the seepage bucket 8 are added.
Wherein the height of the DIVER bottom end from the upper surface of the deposit is the length of the sampling tube-the length of the deposit-the length from the DIVER bottom end to the sampling tube top end. The height of the upper surface of the sediment from the water surface in the infiltration barrel 8 is the length of the sediment (length of the sampling tube-length from the top end of the sampling tube to the water surface of the infiltration barrel). The respective lengths mentioned above may be measured in any manner.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A riverbed permeability coefficient testing device, comprising:
the sampling device comprises a sampling unit and a control unit, wherein the sampling unit comprises a sampling pipe (1) and a piston assembly, the bottom end of the sampling pipe (1) is in an open shape so that a riverbed soil sample can enter the sampling pipe (1), the piston assembly is detachably and hermetically inserted into the sampling pipe (1) and can move back and forth relative to the sampling pipe (1) along the axial direction of the sampling pipe (1), the sampling unit further comprises a bottom end cover (3) which is detachably covered at the bottom end of the sampling pipe (1), and the bottom end cover (3) is arranged to allow water to pass through and prevent the riverbed soil sample from passing through; and
and the leakage unit comprises a water seepage bucket (8), and the water seepage bucket (8) is arranged to be capable of supplying the sampling unit to be vertically inserted for a penetration test.
2. The riverbed permeability coefficient testing device according to claim 1, wherein the piston assembly comprises a piston rod (5) and a piston (4) connected to the bottom end of the piston rod (5), and the piston (4) is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the sampling tube (1); and/or
At least the part of the bottom end cover (3) opposite to the bottom end opening of the sampling tube (1) is a stainless steel wire mesh or a water-permeable non-woven fabric.
3. The riverbed permeability coefficient testing device according to claim 2, wherein the piston (4) comprises a piston body (41) and a sealing ring (42), an annular groove extending along the circumferential direction of the piston body (41) is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the piston body (41), and the sealing ring (42) is embedded in the annular groove; and/or
The top end of the piston rod (5) is connected with a handle (51).
4. The riverbed permeability coefficient testing device according to claim 2,
the top end of the sampling tube (1) is open, the sampling unit comprises a top end cover (2) which is detachably covered on the top end of the sampling tube (1), and a through hole (21) for the piston rod (5) to pass through is formed in the top end cover (2); and/or
The piston rod (5) is provided with a first scale mark along the axial direction of the piston rod (5).
5. The riverbed permeability coefficient testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that the piston assembly comprises a marking structure arranged on the piston rod (5) for marking the first graduation mark, and the marking structure is arranged to be lockably movable in the axial direction of the piston rod (5).
6. The riverbed permeability coefficient testing device according to claim 5, wherein the marking structure comprises a positioning member (6) and a locking member (7), the positioning member (6) is sleeved on the piston rod (5) and has a locking state of clasping the piston rod (5) to lock the piston rod (5) and an unlocking state of releasing the piston rod (5) for movement, and the locking member (7) is arranged to cooperate with the positioning member (6) to lock or unlock the positioning member (6) by actuation of the locking member (7).
7. The riverbed permeability coefficient testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the seepage unit comprises a fixing member mounted on the seepage bucket (8) for fixing the sampling tube (1) to the seepage bucket (8); and/or
The sampling tube (1) is provided with a second scale mark along the axial direction of the sampling tube (1).
8. The riverbed permeability coefficient testing device according to claim 7, wherein the fixing member is a fixing cover (9) covering the top end of the seepage barrel (8), the fixing cover (9) is provided with a water injection port (92) for injecting water into the seepage barrel (8) and a ring sleeve (91) for vertically extending the sampling tube (1) into the seepage barrel (8), and the ring sleeve (91) has a fixing state for tightly holding the sampling tube (1) to fix the sampling tube (1) and a loosening state for loosening the sampling tube (1) to facilitate the extension and the extraction of the sampling tube (1).
9. The riverbed permeability coefficient testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sampling tube (1) is a stainless steel tube, and/or a handle (11) is connected to the outer wall of the sampling tube (1).
10. The riverbed permeability coefficient testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the testing device comprises a water level detector for detecting the water level in the sampling pipe (1); and/or
The testing device comprises an air pressure detector, and the air pressure detector is used for detecting the atmospheric pressure around the sampling tube (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910439282.8A CN111157417A (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Riverbed permeability coefficient testing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910439282.8A CN111157417A (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Riverbed permeability coefficient testing device |
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| CN111157417A true CN111157417A (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910439282.8A Pending CN111157417A (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Riverbed permeability coefficient testing device |
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| CN114965208A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-30 | 中国安能集团第三工程局有限公司 | Method and device for in-situ measurement of permeability coefficient of riverbed aquifer |
| CN115308110A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-08 | 河南省地质调查院 | Method and device for measuring permeability coefficient of variable water head |
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