CN111147617B - Method and system for distributing addresses based on DHCP server cluster load - Google Patents
Method and system for distributing addresses based on DHCP server cluster load Download PDFInfo
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- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/50—Address allocation
- H04L61/5007—Internet protocol [IP] addresses
- H04L61/5014—Internet protocol [IP] addresses using dynamic host configuration protocol [DHCP] or bootstrap protocol [BOOTP]
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- H04L67/1001—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
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- H04L67/14—Session management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/14—Session management
- H04L67/143—Termination or inactivation of sessions, e.g. event-controlled end of session
- H04L67/145—Termination or inactivation of sessions, e.g. event-controlled end of session avoiding end of session, e.g. keep-alive, heartbeats, resumption message or wake-up for inactive or interrupted session
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Abstract
The invention discloses a server cluster load address distribution method and a system based on DHCP, the method comprises: a main server is added between a DHCP relay server and a background server cluster of a subnet so as to carry out relay management on each relay server; a session holding table entry is maintained in the main server, and the relation between the MAC address of the client and a real server in the background server cluster is recorded; the main server analyzes the request message from the DHCP subnet relay server, and realizes session maintenance according to the relation between the recorded MAC address and the real server; the background server generates a response message and returns the response message to the main server, and the main server forwards the response message to a DHCP relay server corresponding to a certain user. The invention enables the DHCP service cluster to realize the functions of IP address management distribution, load balancing, session maintenance, intelligent scheduling and the like under the multi-subnet environment by managing and scheduling the Master node of the main server.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computer IP address allocation and management, in particular to a method and a system for allocating addresses in a multi-subnet environment based on server cluster load of DHCP.
Background
DHCP (dynamic host configuration protocol) is a network protocol for a local area network. The method has the main functions of managing and distributing the IP addresses in a centralized manner, so that the host in the network environment can dynamically acquire information such as the IP addresses, Gateway addresses, DNS server addresses and the like, and the utilization rate of the addresses can be improved.
The DHCP protocol uses UDP as a transport protocol, and the host sends a request message to port number 67 of the DHCP server, and the DHCP server responds with a response message to port number 68 of the host.
The DHCP protocol employs a client/server model, with the task of dynamic allocation of host addresses driven by the network host. In combination with the whole process of the DHCP service shown in fig. 1, it can be seen that when the DHCP server receives the information of the address application from the network host, the DHCP server sends information such as related address configuration to the network host, so as to implement dynamic configuration of the address information of the network host.
DHCP can also be used on different subnets, at which time a device called DHCP Relay agent (DHCPR, also called DHCP Relay) is used. When the DHCP client is not on the same subnet as the server, a DHCP relay agent must be present to forward the DHCP request and reply messages. The data forwarding of the DHCP relay agent is different from the normal routing forwarding, and after the DHCP relay agent receives the DHCP message, the DHCP relay agent regenerates a DHCP message and then forwards the DHCP message. The DHCP relay agent looks like a DHCP server to the DHCP client; the DHCP relay agent looks like a DHCP client to the DHCP server.
In the case that clients of multiple subnets can relay to other subnet servers, the processing amount of the server is increased, and a DHCP cluster is needed to handle the server, but there are several problems to be solved here:
1. a user needs multiple interactions in the process of allocating IP, and how to distribute the interactions to a real server.
2. The available address pools of each server in the server cluster are independent, and how to realize load balancing of resource allocation is realized.
3. The server with the problem in the dynamic sensing cluster does not distribute the service when checking the abnormity.
4. There may be different policies for selecting real servers for different subnets.
The present invention provides a server cluster load based on DHCP, and a method for allocating addresses in a multi-subnet environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a server cluster address distribution method based on DHCP, which comprises the following steps:
in the first step, a DHCP management device is used as a main server for management, and for convenience, in the following description, the main server is replaced by a Master, and the two represent the same meaning. The user of each sub-network uniformly writes the IP field of the server in the DHCP message into the IP address of the Master through the relay server, and sends the IP address to the Master, and the Master forwards the IP address to the corresponding background server according to the rule.
And secondly, maintaining a session maintenance list item in the Master. Recording the relation between the user and the server in the background server cluster in the table entry, if the user does not establish the relation with a certain server in the background, distributing the server according to the rule, updating the session holding table entry and forwarding; otherwise, directly forwarding the list item to the corresponding server according to the session.
Thirdly, the Master finds out the special fields for identifying the users by analyzing the DHCP message fields: client Mac Address, and records the real server IP Address allocated for the first time on a table entry, and then the interaction with the user is forwarded to the server, thereby realizing the conversation keeping requirement when the user interacts with the server for many times.
Further, in order to implement a scheduling algorithm for resource allocation load balancing, the available address pools of each server in the server cluster are independent, and after addresses are dynamically allocated and released for a period of time, resources of the background server may be unbalanced. Through algorithm scheduling, the Master allocates the DHCP request to the server with the most resources each time.
In order to realize the load balancing scheduling algorithm, the Master counts the resource use condition of the background server through the recorded session maintaining table entry, so that the server with the most resources can be selected for scheduling during resource scheduling.
Further, the Master node and the background server cluster do health detection regularly, a ping request is sent to the background server, if a certain server does not respond for three times continuously, the server is judged to be abnormal, the server is moved out of the scheduling algorithm pool, and the server participates in scheduling after being normal.
Further, the master node analyzes the DHCP message, wherein a giaddr field records a first relay address of the DHCP client, which can be used to distinguish different subnets, and a load rule (to which server a certain network segment is loaded) can be set by using the giaddr field to designate the DHCP server. Thereby realizing the function of loading the DHCP request message of the appointed client subnet to the appointed DHCP server.
Further, the session holding table entry in the Master is cleared according to the situation. Firstly, when the user IP lease is not continued after the expiration, an IP release message is sent to the Master, the Master deletes the relevant table entry and the server recovers the IP address. Secondly, in the whole lease period, the Master never receives the message transmission between the user and the server in the list item, and then the Master also deletes the list item.
Further, when the Master health detection is performed, a certain server in the cluster is found to be down, the Master removes the scheduling pool from the server, and the Master subsequently deletes the entry when receiving a request related to the server, and reselects the server according to a scheduling algorithm.
The invention also provides a system for distributing addresses based on the server cluster load of the DHCP, which comprises: DHCP subnet relay server, main server, background server cluster, wherein,
the DHCP subnet relay server is used for unicast sending of a DHCP request message of a user to the main server and receiving of a DHCP response message returned by the main server;
the main server is positioned between the DHCP subnet relay server and the background server cluster, analyzes the request message of the DHCP subnet relay server, realizes session maintenance according to the recorded relation between the MAC address and the real server, forwards the request message to a corresponding server of the background server cluster, and receives the response message of the real server and returns the response message to the DHCP subnet relay server;
and the background server cluster is used for receiving the request message sent by the main server, distributing the request message to the corresponding real server, generating a response message and sending the response message to the main server.
Compared with the prior art, the server cluster load based on DHCP and the method and the system for distributing the addresses in the multi-subnet environment disclosed by the invention have the advantages that the DHCP service cluster in the multi-subnet environment realizes the functions of IP address management distribution, load balancing, session keeping, intelligent scheduling and the like through the management and scheduling of the Master node.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a communication process between a client and a DHCP server according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for distributing addresses in a multi-subnet environment according to a server cluster load based on DHCP of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of balancing and distributing load for DHCP service cluster resources;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a Master dynamically aware cluster anomaly server process;
fig. 5 illustrates a process diagram of different allocation policies established by the present invention for different subnets.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for distributing addresses based on DHCP server cluster load according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes the following steps:
step S201, the user sends a DHCP request in a broadcast form.
Specifically, the DHCP request of the subscriber is received by the DHCP relay server of the subnet where the subscriber is located.
Step S202, after receiving the DHCP request, the relay server generates a new DHCP request message, and sends the message to the Master server in a unicast mode.
Specifically, the relay server fills in the "server IP" field in the DHCP request message as the IP of the Master. The Master server Master is a DHCP management device.
Step S203, the Master analyzes the DHCP message and inquires whether the user is distributed with a response server.
Specifically, after receiving the DHCP request message, the Master checks the "client MAC" field in the message through parsing, and searches whether the user MAC has a corresponding response server in a session holding entry maintained by the Master.
And step S204, if not, forwarding the DHCP request message to a server in the cluster according to a scheduling algorithm, and updating a session holding list item.
Specifically, the Master calculates the server with the most current resources according to the session holding table entry, and forwards the DHCP message to the server to update the session holding table.
Step S205, if the user already has the distributed server, the message is directly forwarded to the server.
Specifically, if the session holding table entry already has the server IP corresponding to the user MAC information, it indicates that the server has already been allocated to the user and is not reallocated, thereby implementing session holding.
And step S206, after receiving the DHCP message, the server generates a response message and sends the response message to the Master.
Specifically, interaction between the servers in the cluster and the users is realized through the Master, and the session maintaining table entry of the Master is updated in real time according to the interaction between the users and the servers.
And step S207, the Master forwards the response message to a relay server corresponding to the user.
The Master and the relay servers in the sub-network are communicated in a unicast mode. The Master only forwards the DHCP message and does not modify other information.
And step S208, the relay server sends the message to the user in a broadcasting mode in the subnet.
Step S209, after the user and the server interact for many times through the process, the server cluster completes the IP address allocation of the user in the sub-network.
In this embodiment, the session holding entries in the Master are cleared according to the situation. Firstly, when the user IP lease is not continued after the expiration, an IP release message is sent to the Master, the Master deletes the relevant table entry and the server recovers the IP address. Secondly, in the whole lease period, the Master never receives the message transmission between the user and the server in the list item, and then the Master also deletes the list item.
Different from the existing technology of distributing the IP address of the equipment under the DHCP server, the process of the invention realizes the IP address distribution and management of the server cluster to the users under multiple subnets, improves the management efficiency by using the DHCP management equipment Master, and realizes session maintenance and load balancing.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a session maintenance and load balancing scheduling scheme provided by the present invention.
The Master receives the DHCP request from the relay server, and firstly checks a session holding table according to the MAC information of the user.
If no corresponding information exists, the dispatching algorithm calculation is carried out, the server with the most resources in the current DHCP server cluster is recorded and summarized in the session holding table and calculated, the DHCP message is forwarded to the server, the session holding table is updated, and the resource dispatching load balance is realized. It should be noted that the Master does not modify the DHCP message content.
If the server information corresponding to the user is found in the table, the server resources are already allocated to the user, and at this time, a session holding operation is performed, that is, the message is directly forwarded to the corresponding server. The scheme realizes the requirement that multiple interactions are needed in the process of sending the IP address to the user by the DHCP server, which is described in the figure 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of dynamically sensing an abnormal server in a cluster according to the present invention.
The node where the Master server Master is located regularly sends ping requests with all background server nodes in the cluster, the server a responds to the ping requests, and the server c responds after the second ping request. Master judges the two servers to be in normal state. As shown in the figure, after the server b does not respond to the ping request for three times, the Master marks the server as abnormal, removes the scheduling algorithm pool, and participates in scheduling after the server b is normal. Health detection is regularly carried out on all the servers in the background, so that the situation that a Master distributes a user request to an abnormal server can be avoided, and the Master can supervise a background server cluster.
When the Master health detection is carried out, a certain server in the cluster is found to be down, the Master removes the scheduling pool from the server, and the Master subsequently deletes the table entry when receiving a request related to the server, and reselects the server according to a scheduling algorithm.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a customization process for implementing different policies for different subnets in the method provided by the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, since the Master node parses the DHCP message, the Master may parse all fields in the message, where the giaddr field records the first relay address of the DHCP client, and different relay server addresses represent different subnets, and we may use giaddr to distinguish different subnets. When the Master allocates the servers, the Master can check the load rule first, and then sends the DHCP request of the network segment to the appointed server according to the rule customized in advance, thereby realizing the customized function.
Referring to fig. 2 again, the present invention further provides a system for distributing addresses based on DHCP for server cluster load, which includes: DHCP subnet relay server, main server, background server cluster, wherein,
the DHCP subnet relay server is used for unicast sending of a DHCP request message of a user to the main server and receiving of a DHCP response message returned by the main server;
the main server is positioned between the DHCP subnet relay server and the background server cluster, analyzes the request message of the DHCP subnet relay server, realizes session maintenance according to the recorded relation between the MAC address and the real server, forwards the request message to the corresponding server of the background server cluster, and receives the response message of the real server and returns the response message to the DHCP subnet relay server;
and the background server cluster is used for receiving the request message sent by the main server, distributing the request message to the corresponding real server, generating a response message and sending the response message to the main server.
The available address pools of each server in the server cluster are independent, and after the addresses are dynamically allocated and released, the main server allocates the DHCP request message to the server with the most resources in the background server for processing through algorithm scheduling, so that the server with the most resources can be selected for scheduling during resource scheduling.
Compared with the prior art, the server cluster load based on the DHCP and the method for distributing the addresses in the multi-subnet environment, disclosed by the invention, realize the possibility of using the DHCP server cluster in a large network and realize the complete horizontal expansion of the whole cluster. In addition, the method also realizes the independent and balanced distribution of resources to each server, health detection and intelligent scheduling, and greatly improves the availability of the DHCP service cluster.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for server cluster load address assignment based on DHCP, the method comprising:
a main server is added between a DHCP relay server and a background server cluster of the subnets so as to carry out relay management on the relay servers of all the subnets;
a session holding table entry is maintained in the main server, and the relation between the MAC address of the client and a real server in the background server cluster is recorded;
the main server analyzes the request message from the DHCP subnet relay server, and realizes session maintenance according to the relation between the recorded MAC address and the real server; the main server analyzes the request message, sets a load rule through a giaddr field in the request message, and sends a DHCP request from a certain subnet to a specified server according to a preset rule; a giaddr field in a request message of the DHCP records a first relay address of a DHCP client to distinguish different subnets, when a main server distributes a background server, a load rule is checked firstly, and a DHCP request of the subnet is sent to a specified server according to a rule customized in advance;
the background server generates a response message and returns the response message to the main server, and the main server forwards the response message to a DHCP relay server corresponding to a certain user;
if the user does not establish a relationship with the background server, the main server calculates the background server with the most resources in the current server cluster according to the session holding list item, forwards the DHCP message to the background server, and then updates the session holding list item; otherwise, directly forwarding to a real server in the background according to the session holding table item;
the method further comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a main server regularly carries out health check on all background servers in a server cluster, abnormal servers in the background server cluster are called out of an algorithm pool, the main server regularly sends ping requests to the background server cluster, if the servers do not respond for multiple times every year, the servers are judged to be abnormal, and the servers are moved out of a scheduling algorithm pool;
the relay server of the subnet where the user is located uniformly writes the IP field of the server in the DHCP message as the IP address of the main server, and sends the request message of the DHCP to the main server in a unicast mode, and the main server is responsible for communicating with the background server cluster.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein when the IP lease of a certain user is no longer renewed after it expires, an IP release message is sent to the main server, the main server deletes the relevant entry and the background server cluster recovers the IP address; and when the main server never receives the message transmission between the user in the table entry and the background server cluster in the whole lease period, the main server deletes the table entry.
3. A system for DHCP-based server cluster load assignment of addresses, the system comprising: DHCP subnet relay server, main server, background server cluster, wherein,
the DHCP subnet relay server is used for unicast sending of a DHCP request message of a user to the main server and receiving of a DHCP response message returned by the main server;
the main server is positioned between the DHCP subnet relay server and the background server cluster, analyzes the request message of the DHCP subnet relay server, realizes session maintenance according to the recorded relation between the MAC address and the real server, forwards the request message to the corresponding server of the background server cluster, and receives the response message of the real server and returns the response message to the DHCP subnet relay server; the main server analyzes the request message, sets a load rule through a giaddr field in the request message, and sends a DHCP request from a certain subnet to a specified server according to a preset rule; a giaddr field in a request message of the DHCP records a first relay address of a DHCP client to distinguish different subnets, when a main server distributes a background server, a load rule is checked firstly, and a DHCP request of the subnet is sent to a specified server according to a rule customized in advance;
the background server cluster is used for receiving the request message sent by the main server, distributing the request message to the corresponding real server, generating a response message and sending the response message to the main server;
the available address pool of each server in the server cluster is independent, and after the addresses are dynamically allocated and released, the main server allocates the DHCP request message to the server with the most resources in the background server for processing through algorithm scheduling;
the method comprises the steps that a main server regularly performs health check on all background servers in a server cluster, abnormal servers in the background server cluster are called out of an algorithm pool, the main server regularly sends ping requests to the background server cluster, if the servers do not respond for multiple times every year, the servers are judged to be abnormal, and the servers are moved out of a scheduling algorithm pool;
the relay server of the subnet where the user is located uniformly writes the IP field of the server in the DHCP message as the IP address of the main server, and sends the request message of the DHCP to the main server in a unicast mode, and the main server is responsible for communicating with the background server cluster.
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| CN102624627A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-08-01 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Message transmission method and equipment |
| WO2017000625A1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Dynamic host configuration protocol (dhcp) server management method and apparatus |
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