CN111141569B - A kind of effusion type pathological analysis sedimentary layer extraction device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a deposition layer extraction device for pathological analysis of effusion, which effectively solves the problem that supernatant cannot be directly extracted in the centrifugal process; the technical scheme for solving the problem is that the device comprises a box body, wherein a cover is arranged on the box body, and a rotatable disc is arranged in the box body; a plurality of buckles are evenly distributed on the circumference of the disc, test tubes are arranged on the buckles, a cylindrical shell can be detachably mounted at an opening of each test tube, a piston is mounted in the shell, a plurality of piston rods penetrating through the shell are fixed on the inner side of the piston, a hard suction tube is mounted on the piston, the outer end of the suction tube penetrates through the shell and is placed in the test tube, and the inner end of the suction tube is fixed with the piston and extends out of the inner side of the piston; an air inlet pipe with one end arranged in the test tube and the other end arranged outside the shell penetrates through the shell, and a one-way air inlet valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe; the outer edge surface of the shell is provided with an exhaust port, and the suction pipe is provided with a one-way liquid inlet valve; a guide rod penetrates through the cover, and a conical disc is fixed at the lower end of the guide rod; the invention has the advantages of convenient supernatant extraction and improved working efficiency.

Description

A kind of effusion type pathological analysis sedimentary layer extraction device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of pathological analysis sample processing, in particular to an extraction device for effusion type pathological analysis precipitation layer.

Background technique

Pleural effusion is a common accompanying sign of various thoracic diseases, especially tumor diseases, and even the first manifestation of patients. Clarifying the nature of pleural effusion is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease; general pathological examinations are usually centrifuged, smeared After the pleural effusion was centrifuged, routine H staining was performed on the frozen section of the sediment layer. This method has high repeatability, clear cells, and can confirm the diagnosis. Although the centrifuge currently equipped in the hospital can quickly centrifuge the samples in the test tube, the samples after centrifugation generally only need to retain the sediment layer. , during separation, prolonging the time for sample preparation.

At present, some centrifugal devices can directly extract the supernatant after centrifugation. However, there are various problems. 1. Common test tubes cannot be used, and special containers are required, which increases the cost; 2. It is not in the When the extraction is carried out at high speed, the precipitation layer and the supernatant are easily mixed together; 3. Due to the different samples, the proportion of the supernatant is also different, so it is necessary to extract according to the situation 4. Generally, the test tube is inclined or vertically arranged, the sedimentation effect is not good, and the centrifugal force is not strong.

To sum up, there is currently a need for a centrifugal device that can effectively solve the above problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above situation, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an extraction device for effusion type pathological analysis sediment layer, which can effectively solve the problem that the supernatant cannot be directly extracted during the centrifugation process.

The technical solution of the invention is to include a box body, a removable cover is installed on the upper end of the box body, and a rotatable disc is installed at the bottom center of the box body; A test tube is fixed on the upper part, the opening of the test tube faces inward, and a cylindrical shell can be disassembled and installed at the opening of the test tube. The inner diameter of the shell is the same as the inner diameter of the test tube, and a piston is installed in the shell. The piston rod of the casing, the piston rod can drive the piston to reciprocate and reset inward;

The piston is provided with a hard suction pipe, the outer end of the suction pipe penetrates the casing and is placed in the test tube, the inner end of the suction pipe is fixed with the piston, and extends out of the inner side of the piston; one end is inserted through the casing and is placed inside the test tube. , one end of the intake pipe is placed on the outside of the shell, and the intake pipe is provided with a one-way intake valve; the outer edge of the shell is provided with an exhaust port, and the suction pipe is provided with a one-way intake valve;

A vertical guide rod runs through the cover, and the lower end of the guide rod is fixed with a conical disc with a small end facing downward. Press the conical disc, and the outer edge of the conical disc will squeeze the piston rod, so that the piston drives the straw at the same time. Move outward.

The invention can directly separate the supernatant liquid after the centrifugation of the accumulated liquid, does not need special equipment, is simple and fast, is convenient for extraction, and improves the work efficiency.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the present invention.

3 is a top sectional view of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a front cross-sectional view of a test tube, housing, straw, piston, piston rod, and the like.

FIG. 5 is a state diagram of FIG. 4 .

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the fitting relationship between the conical disc, the guide rod and the adjusting nut.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the fitting relationship among the suction pipe, the piston and the piston rod.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 7, the present invention includes a box body 1, a removable cover 2 is installed on the upper end of the box body 1, and a rotatable disk 3 is installed at the bottom center of the box body 1; There are a plurality of buckles 4, and a test tube 5 is fixed on each buckle 4. The opening of the test tube 5 faces inward, and the opening of the test tube 5 can be disassembled and installed with a cylindrical shell 6. The inner diameter of the shell 6 is the same as that of the test tube. The inner diameter of 5 is the same, a piston 7 is installed in the housing 6, and a plurality of piston rods 8 that penetrate the housing 6 are fixed on the inner side of the piston 7, and the piston rod 8 can drive the piston 7 to reciprocate and reset inward;

The piston 7 is provided with a hard suction pipe 9, the outer end of the suction pipe 9 penetrates the casing 6 and is placed in the test tube 5, the inner end of the suction pipe 9 is fixed with the piston 7, and extends out of the inside of the piston 7; the casing; 6 runs through an air intake pipe 10 whose one end is placed inside the test tube 5 and the other end is placed outside the casing 6. The air intake pipe 10 is provided with a one-way intake valve 11; 12. A one-way inlet valve 13 is installed on the suction pipe 9;

The cover 2 has a vertical guide rod 14 running through it. The lower end of the guide rod 14 is fixed with a conical disc 15 with a small end facing down. Press the conical disc 15, and the outer edge of the conical disc 15 will squeeze the piston rod. 8, so that the piston 7 drives the suction pipe 9 to move outward at the same time.

In order to facilitate drainage, a drainage valve 16 is installed on the inner end of the casing 6 through a pipeline.

In order to suck the supernatant, the inlet valve 11 can only allow the gas to enter the inside of the test tube 5 , and the liquid inlet valve 13 can only allow the liquid in the test tube 5 to enter the housing 6 .

In order to realize the rotation of the disk 3 , a motor 17 is installed on the bottom of the casing 6 , and the output shaft of the motor 17 is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end surface of the disk 3 .

In order to facilitate the connection and ensure the sealing of the test tube 5 and the shell 6, the test tube 5 is made of plastic material, and the test tube 5 and the shell 6 are connected by threads and wrapped with sealing tape.

In order to achieve sealing, the connection between the suction pipe 9 and the casing 6 and the connection between the piston rod 8 and the casing 6 are all sealed with rubber rings.

In order to better fix the test tube 5, a buckle 4 is also installed on each of the casings 6.

In order to achieve fixing, the buckle 4 includes a vertical rod 18 fixed on the disc 3 , and a hoop 19 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the vertical rod 18 .

In order to realize the disassembly of the cover 2, a plurality of bolts that can penetrate the cover 2 are installed on the upper end surface of the box body 1, and nuts are screwed on the bolts.

In order to facilitate the control of the movement and fixation of the guide rod 14, the cover 2 is provided with a permanent magnet 20 capable of adsorbing the conical disk 15; Nut 21.

In order to facilitate the conical disc 15 to squeeze the piston rod 8, the piston rods 8 on each piston 7 are arranged in two up and down, the inner end of each piston rod 8 is equipped with a ball 22, and each piston rod 8 is provided with a ball 22. Both are sheathed with a compression spring 24 located between the ball 22 and the housing 6; the two piston rods 8 are connected together through a connecting rod 23 to increase the strength.

When the present invention is used, first place the test tube 5 vertically, and put the effusion that needs to be centrifuged into the inside of the test tube 5. The amount of the effusion should be equal to that when the shell 6 is fixed on the test tube 5, and the effusion is just right. It is preferable to cover the end of the straw 9 . After that, it is necessary to fix the test tube 5 and the casing 6 on the hoop 19 on the disc 3 at the same time; the fixed position of the test tube 5 and the casing 6 is in a state of no force, and the inner end of the piston rod 8 is just in contact with the conical disc. 15 contact is better; and use a marker to mark the position of the shell 6 and the buckle 4, which is convenient for subsequent use.

The combination of each test tube 5 and the housing 6 is sequentially fixed in the above-mentioned method, and then the centrifugation operation can be performed.

During centrifugation, high-speed centrifugation can be performed only by turning on the motor 17 . During the centrifugation, the conical disc 15 should always be adsorbed on the permanent magnet 20 to prevent the conical disc 15 from squeezing the piston rod 8 .

Since the test tube 5 is placed horizontally in the device, the centrifugal force of the test tube 5 can be greatly improved, and the centrifugation can be accelerated compared with the traditional inclined arrangement or vertical arrangement.

After centrifuging for a certain period of time, the supernatant liquid needs to be sucked away at this time; the specific operation is to first determine the ratio of the supernatant liquid to the sediment layer according to the relevant records or experimental experience; and according to the inclination of the conical disk 15 Then, according to the scale on the guide rod 14, screw the adjusting nut 21, and use the adjusting nut 21 to locate the distance that the guide rod 14 descends.

After that, the conical disc 15 can be pressed down steadily. When the conical disc 15 descends, the conical disc 15 will squeeze the piston rod 8, so that the piston rod 8 drives the piston 7 to move outward; when the piston rod 8 moves outward Afterwards, a negative pressure chamber will be formed between the inner side of the piston 7 and the inner wall of the casing 6; at the same time, the gas between the outer side of the piston 7 and the side wall of the casing 6 will be discharged from the exhaust port 12.

At the same time, because the suction pipe 9 is fixedly connected with the piston 7, and the inner end of the suction pipe 9 protrudes from the inner side of the piston 7 for a short distance, under the action of the negative pressure between the inner side of the piston 7 and the inner wall of the housing 6, the suction pipe 9 will The supernatant in the test tube 5 is sucked into the chamber between the right side of the piston 7 and the inner wall of the housing 6 . At this time, the interior of the test tube 5 will be inhaled through the air intake pipe 10 to ensure that the atmospheric pressure is maintained in the test tube 5 .

Since the piston 7 and the suction tube 9 are fixedly connected, and the inner diameter of the housing 6 is the same as the inner diameter of the test tube 5, the suction tube 9 will also move outwards synchronously with the movement of the piston 7, ensuring that the end of the suction tube 9 can always be placed on the upper into the supernatant, thereby achieving stable absorption of the supernatant.

When the guide rod 14 does not descend, the piston rod 8 also stops moving. At this time, the conical disc 15 can be pulled up, and the conical disc 15 can be adsorbed on the permanent magnet 20 again; when the conical disc 15 rises, this When the piston rod 8 is not under thrust, under the action of the compression spring 24 on the piston rod 8, the piston 7 has a tendency to return inward, but because the suction pipe 9 is equipped with a one-way valve, it is located on the inner side of the piston 7 and the housing 6. The supernatant liquid between the inner side walls cannot be discharged; thus, the piston 7 cannot move, and it is ensured that the supernatant liquid is always in the interior of the housing 6 .

After that, the motor 17 can be stopped, the test tube 5 and the casing 6 can be taken out, and the sediment in the casing 6 can be subjected to the next air treatment; and the supernatant liquid in the casing 6 needs to be poured out through the drain valve 16; and The shell 6 is fully cleaned and sterilized to facilitate the next use; disposable materials can also be used to ensure the accuracy of the sample.

The device innovatively installs the shell 6 at the opening of the test tube 5, and cleverly designs the piston 7 and the suction pipe 9, etc., so that the separated supernatant in the test tube 5 can be easily transferred to the interior of the shell 6, Thus, rapid and accurate separation is realized; only sediment remains in the inside of the test tube 5 , which is convenient for the next processing such as frozen sectioning; and the work efficiency is improved.

In this device, the test tube 5 is placed horizontally, which can improve the centrifugal force and accelerate the centrifugal process. At the same time, the separation is carried out directly in the state of high-speed centrifugation, which ensures that the supernatant and the sediment layer are always in a state of separation from each other, and ensures the accuracy of the proposal.

In this device, the purpose of moving the plurality of piston rods 8 is achieved by pressing the guide rod 14, the operation is convenient, simple and accurate; the supernatant in the plurality of test tubes 5 can be simultaneously suctioned at one time, which greatly improves the efficiency. Save time.

The invention can directly separate the supernatant liquid after the centrifugation of the accumulated liquid, does not need special equipment, is simple and fast, is convenient for extraction, and improves the work efficiency.

Claims (9)

1. An effusion type pathological analysis sedimentation layer extraction device, comprising a box body (1), characterized in that a removable cover (2) is installed on the upper end of the box body (1), and a bottom center of the box body (1) is provided with a removable cover (2). A rotatable disc (3) is installed; a plurality of buckles (4) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the disc (3), and a test tube (5) is fixed on each buckle (4), and the test tube (5) The opening of the test tube (5) is detachable and installed with a cylindrical shell (6), the inner diameter of the shell (6) is the same as the inner diameter of the test tube (5), and a piston (6) is installed in the shell (6). 7), the inner side of the piston (7) is fixed with a plurality of piston rods (8) penetrating the casing (6), and the piston rods (8) can drive the piston (7) to reciprocate and reset inward; A hard suction tube (9) is installed on the piston (7), the outer end of the suction tube (9) penetrates the casing (6) and is placed in the test tube (5), and the inner end of the suction tube (9) is connected to the piston (9). 7) It is fixed and protrudes from the inside of the piston (7); the housing (6) has an inlet pipe (10) with one end placed inside the test tube (5) and one end placed outside the casing (6). 10) is provided with a one-way intake valve (11); an exhaust port (12) is provided on the outer edge of the casing (6), and a one-way intake valve (13) is installed on the suction pipe (9) ; A vertical guide rod (14) runs through the cover (2), the lower end of the guide rod (14) is fixed with a conical disc (15) with a small end facing downward, and the conical disc (15) is pressed, and the conical disc (15) is pressed. The outer edge surface of the disc (15) will squeeze the piston rod (8), so that the piston (7) drives the suction pipe (9) to move outward at the same time; The test tube (5) is made of plastic material, and the test tube (5) and the shell (6) are connected by threads, and are wound with a sealing tape. 2 . The device for extracting sedimentary layers for pathological analysis of fluid accumulation according to claim 1 , wherein a drain valve ( 16 ) is installed on the inner end of the casing ( 6 ) through a pipeline. 3 . 3. The device for extracting the sedimentary layer for pathological analysis of effusion type according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet valve (11) can only allow gas to enter the inside of the test tube (5), and the inlet valve (11) 13) Only the liquid in the test tube (5) can enter the shell (6). 4 . The device for extracting sedimentary layers for pathological analysis of effusions according to claim 1 , wherein a motor ( 17 ) is installed at the bottom of the casing ( 6 ), and the output shaft of the motor ( 17 ) is connected to the The center of the lower end face of the disc (3) is fixedly connected. 5 . The extraction device for effusion type pathological analysis sedimentary layer according to claim 1 , characterized in that the connection between the suction pipe ( 9 ) and the casing ( 6 ), and the piston rod ( 8 ) and the casing The joints of the body (6) are sealed with rubber rings. 6 . The device for extracting sedimentary layers for pathological analysis of effusions according to claim 1 , characterized in that, each of the casings ( 6 ) is also provided with a buckle ( 4 ). 7 . 7. A device for extracting sedimentary layers for pathological analysis of effusions according to claim 1, characterized in that the buckle (4) comprises a vertical rod (18) fixed on the disc (3), A hoop (19) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the rod (18). 8 . The device for extracting sedimentary layers for pathological analysis of effusions according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of bolts capable of penetrating the cover ( 2 ) are installed on the upper end surface of the box body ( 1 ). 9 . A nut is screwed on the bolt; the cover (2) is provided with a permanent magnet (20) capable of adsorbing the conical disc (15); a scale is provided on the guide rod (14), and the outer edge of the guide rod (14) An adjusting nut (21) is threadedly connected on the surface. 9 . The device for extracting sedimentary layers for pathological analysis of effusions according to claim 1 , wherein the piston rods ( 8 ) on each piston ( 7 ) are arranged in two up and down, and each piston Balls (22) are installed on the inner ends of the rods (8), and a compression spring (24) between the balls (22) and the housing (6) is sleeved on each piston rod (8); the two piston rods (8) Connected together by connecting rod (23) to increase strength.

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