CN111141056A - Heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage. A power station valley (low price) electrically driven heat pump heating and refrigerating circulation loop is adopted to prepare high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy, the high-temperature heat energy and the low-temperature cold energy are exchanged to an indirect heat storage loop and an indirect cold storage loop through a heat exchanger, and the heat energy and the low-temperature cold energy are stored in a heat storage unit and a cold storage unit; in the electricity consumption peak, the gas in the cold and heat energy heat engine power generation loop exchanges heat with the indirect heat storage loop and the indirect cold storage loop through the heat exchanger, absorbs the stored high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy, and drives the generator to generate electricity through heat engine circulation. The indirect cold and heat storage based solar energy heat storage system has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high energy storage density, high efficiency, suitability for power grid peak regulation and various renewable energy power stations, no generation of greenhouse gases and the like.

Description

A heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and relates to an energy storage system, in particular to a heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage, which is an energy storage system based on heat pump circulation to store energy and use the stored energy to generate electric energy .

Background technique

In recent years, renewable energy has gradually become an important source of new electricity, and the grid structure and operation mode have undergone major changes. With the increasing popularity of renewable energy (wind energy, solar energy, etc.) and the urgent needs of grid peak regulation, improving grid reliability and improving power quality, the importance of power storage systems has become increasingly prominent. Energy storage is an important part and key supporting technology of smart grids, energy systems with a high proportion of renewable energy, and "Internet +" smart energy (hereinafter referred to as the Energy Internet). Energy storage can provide a variety of services such as peak regulation, frequency regulation, backup, black start, and demand response support for power grid operation, and is an important means to improve the flexibility, economy, and safety of traditional power systems; energy storage can significantly improve wind and solar power. It supports distributed power and micro-grids, and is the key technology to promote the replacement of main energy from fossil energy to renewable energy; energy storage can promote the open sharing and flexible trading of energy production and consumption, and realize multi-energy synergy It is the core foundation for building the energy Internet, promoting the reform of the power system and promoting the development of new energy formats.

At present, the existing power energy storage technologies include pumped water energy storage, compressed air energy storage, battery energy storage, superconducting magnetic energy, flywheel energy storage and super capacitors. my country's energy storage shows a good trend of diversified development: pumped storage is developing rapidly; compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, superconducting energy storage and super capacitors, lead storage batteries, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, flow batteries and other energy storage Technology R&D and application have been accelerated; heat storage, cooling storage and hydrogen storage technologies have also made some progress. Among them, physical energy storage represented by pumped hydro storage, thermal storage and compressed air energy storage is suitable for large-scale commercial applications due to its low cost and large storage capacity, accounting for about 99.5% of the world's total energy storage.

The energy storage system of the pumped hydropower station allows the motor to drive the water pump to pump the water from the low reservoir to the high reservoir through the pipeline to consume part of the electrical energy when the power system is at a valley load. When the peak load comes, the water in the high reservoir passes through the pipeline to make the pump and motor run in the reverse direction and turn into the turbine and generator to generate electricity to supply users, thus playing the role of peak shaving and valley filling. The energy storage system of pumped hydropower stations has the advantages of mature and reliable technology, high efficiency (~70%), and large energy storage capacity, and has been widely used at present. However, the energy storage system of the pumped hydropower station requires special geographical conditions to build two reservoirs and dams. The construction period is very long (generally about 7 to 15 years), and the initial investment is huge. To make matters more difficult, the construction of large reservoirs will flood vegetation and even cities in large areas, causing ecological and immigration problems, so the construction of pumped hydroelectric power storage systems is increasingly restricted.

The traditional compressed air energy storage system compresses and stores the air in the gas storage chamber when the electricity consumption is low, so that the electric energy is converted into the internal energy of the air for storage; when the electricity consumption peaks, the high-pressure air is released from the gas storage chamber and enters the gas turbine combustion chamber at the same time. The fuel is burned together and then drives a turbine to generate electricity. The compressed air energy storage system has the advantages of large energy storage capacity, long energy storage period, high efficiency (50% to 70%) and relatively small unit investment. However, the energy storage density of compressed air energy storage technology is low, and the difficulty is the need for suitable places that can store compressed air, such as sealed caves or abandoned mines. Moreover, compressed air energy storage systems still rely on burning fossil fuels to provide heat sources. On the one hand, they face the threat of gradual depletion of fossil fuels and rising prices. On the other hand, their combustion still produces pollutants such as nitrogen, sulfide and carbon dioxide, which are not in line with green ( zero emissions), renewable energy development requirements.

In order to solve the main problems faced by traditional compressed air energy storage systems, in recent years, scholars at home and abroad have developed advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage systems (AACAES), ground compressed air energy storage systems (SVCAES), and compressed air storage systems with heat recovery. The research on compressed air energy storage system (AACAES) and air-vapour combined cycle compressed air energy storage system (CASH) has made the compressed air energy storage system basically avoid burning fossil fuels, but the energy density of the compressed air energy storage system is still very low, requiring large-scale gas storage chamber.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage, the system includes a heat pump heating and cooling energy storage circuit, a cold and heat energy heat engine power generation circuit, Indirect heat storage circuit and indirect cold storage circuit. The low-valley (low-cost) electric-driven heat pump heating and refrigeration cycle of the power station is used to produce high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy, and the heat and cold energy are exchanged to the indirect heat storage circuit and the indirect cold storage circuit through the heat exchanger, and stored in the heat storage unit And in the cold storage unit; at the peak of electricity consumption, the gas in the power generation circuit of the cold and heat energy heat engine exchanges heat with the indirect heat storage circuit and the indirect cold storage circuit through the heat exchanger, absorbs the stored high temperature heat energy and low temperature cold energy, and circulates through the heat engine. Drive the generator to generate electricity. The indirect cold storage and heat storage of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high energy storage density, high efficiency, suitable for power grid peak regulation and various renewable energy power stations, and no greenhouse gas is generated.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

A heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage, the system includes a drive unit, an energy storage compressor unit, an energy storage expansion unit, a cold storage circuit heat exchanger, a low temperature cold storage unit, a low temperature fan, and a heat storage circuit heat exchange heat exchanger, high temperature fan, high temperature heat storage unit, first high pressure heat exchanger, second high pressure heat exchanger, energy releasing compressor unit, energy releasing expansion unit, power generation unit, first low pressure heat exchanger, second low pressure heat exchanger , the first to fourth three-way valve,

in,

The drive unit is drivingly connected to the energy storage compressor unit, the energy storage compressor unit is drivingly connected to the energy storage expansion unit, the energy releasing compressor unit is drivingly connected to the energy releasing expansion unit, and the energy releasing expansion unit is drivingly connected. The unit is driven and connected to the power generation unit; the first to fourth three-way valves all include three interfaces, which are a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface;

It is characterized in that,

The system is configured as a heat pump heating and cooling energy storage circuit, a cold and heat energy heat generator power generation circuit, an indirect heat storage circuit and an indirect cold storage circuit, wherein,

--In the heat pump heating and cooling energy storage circuit,

The exhaust port of the energy storage compressor unit passes through the first interface and the second interface of the three-way valve I, the hot side of the heat storage circuit heat exchanger, and the first interface and the second interface of the three-way valve II in sequence through the pipeline. The interface and the hot side of the first high pressure heat exchanger are communicated with the air inlet of the energy storage expansion unit,

The exhaust port of the energy storage expansion unit passes through the first interface and the second interface of the three-way valve III, the cold side of the cold storage circuit heat exchanger, and the first interface and the second interface of the three-way valve IV in sequence through the pipeline. The interface and the cold side of the first low-pressure heat exchanger are communicated with the air inlet of the energy storage compressor unit;

--In the power generation circuit of the cold and heat energy heat engine,

The exhaust port of the energy releasing compressor unit passes through the hot side of the second high pressure heat exchanger, the third interface and the first interface of the three-way valve II, the hot side of the heat storage circuit heat exchanger, the The second interface and the third interface of the three-way valve I are communicated with the air inlet of the energy releasing expansion unit,

The exhaust port of the energy releasing expansion unit passes through the cold side of the second low pressure heat exchanger, the third interface and the first interface of the three-way valve IV, the cold side and the third interface of the cold storage circuit heat exchanger in sequence through the pipeline. The second port and the third port of the valve III are communicated with the air inlet of the energy releasing compressor unit;

--In the indirect heat storage circuit, the cold side, the high temperature fan, and the high temperature heat storage unit of the heat storage circuit heat exchanger are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a closed circuit;

---In the indirect cold storage circuit, the hot side of the cold storage circuit heat exchanger, the low-temperature fan, and the low-temperature cold storage unit are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a closed loop.

Preferably, during the low power consumption period, the system utilizes the heat pump heating and refrigeration cycle to prepare high temperature heat energy and low temperature cold energy, and stores the high temperature heat energy through the indirect heat storage and heat storage circuit and the indirect cold storage circuit respectively. and low temperature cold energy is stored in the high temperature heat storage unit and the low temperature cold storage unit.

Further, in the low period of electricity consumption, start the energy storage compressor unit and the energy storage expansion unit, close the energy release compressor unit and the energy release expansion unit; and control the three-way valve I, so that its first interface is connected to the The second port is communicated; the three-way valve II is controlled so that the first port is communicated with the second port; the three-way valve IV is controlled so that the first port is communicated with the second port; the three-way valve III is controlled , so that the first interface is communicated with the second interface.

Further, in the period of low electricity consumption, in the heat pump heating and refrigeration cycle, the drive unit drives the energy storage compressor group to compress the gas working medium at normal temperature and low pressure to a high temperature and high pressure state; The heater reduces the temperature of the high temperature and high pressure gas working medium to normal temperature, and stores the high temperature heat energy in the heat storage medium of the high temperature heat storage unit through the indirect heat storage circuit; the normal temperature and high pressure gas working medium passes through the first heat storage circuit. The temperature of the hot side of a high-pressure heat exchanger drops to near room temperature; the gas working fluid at room temperature and high pressure further passes through the energy storage expansion unit to a low temperature and low pressure; High to normal temperature, and the low temperature cold energy is stored in the cold storage medium of the low temperature cold storage unit through the indirect cold storage circuit; the gas working medium at normal temperature and low pressure passes through the first low pressure heat exchanger and the temperature rises to near room temperature The gas working medium at room temperature and low pressure re-enters the inlet of the heat pump energy storage compressor unit to participate in the heat pump cycle, so that the cycle reciprocates, continuously storing high temperature thermal energy and low temperature cold energy in the heat storage medium and the low temperature of the high temperature heat storage unit. in the cold storage medium of the cold storage unit.

Preferably, during peak electricity consumption periods, the system utilizes the high temperature thermal energy and low temperature cold energy stored in the high temperature heat storage unit and the low temperature cold storage unit to drive a heat engine cycle to generate electricity by means of the cold and heat energy heat engine power generation circuit.

Further, during the peak period of electricity consumption, start the energy releasing compressor unit and the energy releasing expansion unit, close the energy storage compressor unit and the energy storage expansion unit; and control the three-way valve I so that the second interface is connected to the The third interface is communicated; the three-way valve II is controlled so that the first interface is communicated with the third interface; the three-way valve IV is controlled so that the first interface is communicated with the third interface; the three-way valve is controlled, The second interface is communicated with the third interface.

Further, during the peak period of electricity consumption, the gas working medium of normal temperature and low pressure passes through the cold storage circuit heat exchanger, absorbs the low temperature cold energy stored by the low temperature cold storage unit, and then reduces the temperature to low temperature and low pressure. The unit compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gas working medium to a normal temperature and high-pressure state; the normal temperature and high pressure gas working medium passes through the hot side of the second high-pressure heat exchanger to reduce the temperature to around room temperature; the room temperature and high-pressure gas working medium passes through the heat storage circuit. The heat exchanger absorbs the high-temperature thermal energy stored in the high-temperature heat storage unit and then the temperature rises to a high temperature; the high-temperature and high-pressure gas working medium further passes through the energy releasing expansion unit to normal temperature and low pressure; the normal temperature and low-pressure gas working medium passes through the first The temperature after the second low-pressure heat exchanger is close to room temperature; the low-pressure gaseous working medium at room temperature re-enters the inlet of the cold storage circuit heat exchanger to participate in the heat engine cycle, the energy releasing expansion unit is driven and connected to the power generation unit, and the releasing The energy compressor unit is connected with the energy release expansion unit, and the cycle goes back and forth, and the stored high temperature heat energy and low temperature cold energy are continuously converted into electrical energy through the heat engine cycle and output.

Preferably, during the low power consumption period of the indirect heat storage circuit, the high temperature fan drives the gas working medium to circulate in the circuit, and the gas working medium is heated when passing through the heat storage circuit heat exchanger, and passes through the high temperature storage circuit. When the heat unit is cooled, the high-temperature heat energy is stored in the heat storage medium in the high-temperature heat storage unit; the indirect heat storage circuit is in the peak period of electricity consumption, and the high-temperature fan runs in reverse to drive the gas working medium in the circuit. Circulating flow, the gas working medium is heated when passing through the high temperature heat storage unit, cooled when passing through the heat storage circuit heat exchanger, and the high temperature heat energy stored in the high temperature heat storage unit is exchanged to the cold heat energy in the heat engine work loop.

Preferably, during the low power consumption period of the indirect cold storage circuit, the low temperature fan drives the gas working medium to circulate in the circuit, and the gas working medium is cooled when passing through the cold storage circuit heat exchanger, and passes through the low temperature storage circuit. When the cooling unit is heated, the low-temperature cold energy is stored in the cold storage medium in the low-temperature cold storage unit; during the peak power consumption period of the indirect cold storage circuit, the low-temperature fan runs in reverse to drive the gas working medium in the circuit. The gas working fluid is cooled when passing through the low-temperature cold storage unit and heated when passing through the cold storage circuit heat exchanger, and the low-temperature cold energy stored in the low-temperature cold storage unit is exchanged to the cold storage circuit. The heat energy heat engine is in the work loop.

Preferably, the drive unit is a drive motor or a wind turbine; when the drive unit is a drive motor, it is one or more of conventional power plant trough power, nuclear power, wind power, solar power, hydropower or tidal power for the power supply.

Preferably, the energy storage compressor unit or the energy release compressor unit has a total pressure ratio between 5 and 40; when the compressor unit is multiple compressors, the multiple compressors are in the form of coaxial series or split shafts. Parallel form; in parallel form, each sub-shaft is dynamically connected with the main drive shaft.

Preferably, the total expansion ratio of the energy storage expansion unit or the energy releasing expansion unit is between 5 and 40; when the expansion unit is a plurality of expanders, the plurality of expanders are in the form of coaxial series or split shafts. Parallel form; in parallel form, each sub-shaft is dynamically connected with the main drive shaft.

Preferably, the high temperature heat storage unit and the low temperature cold storage unit are cylinders, spheres or rectangular parallelepipeds. The materials of the heat storage medium and the cold storage medium are one or a combination of at least two materials such as rock, sand, metal particles, and solid bricks.

Preferably, in the heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage, the gas working medium in the heat pump heating and cooling energy storage circuit and the cold and heat energy heat generator power generation circuit is argon, helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, One or a mixture of at least two of oxygen or air.

Preferably, in the heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage, the gas working medium in the indirect heat storage circuit and the indirect cold storage circuit is argon, helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen or air. One or a mixture of at least two.

Compared with the prior art, the heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold and heat storage of the present invention adopts the low valley (low price) electric drive heat pump heating and refrigerating cycle of the power station to produce high temperature heat energy and low temperature cold energy, and indirectly heat exchange. The circuit is stored in the heat and cold storage unit; during peak electricity consumption, the internal cold energy of the heat and cold storage unit passes through the indirect heat exchange circuit and the indirect heat and cold storage circuit heat exchanger to exchange heat and cold energy to release energy for power generation The circuit drives the generator to generate electricity through the heat engine cycle. The heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high energy storage density, high efficiency, suitable for power grid peak regulation and various renewable energy power stations, and no greenhouse gas.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage of the present invention consists of a drive unit 1, an energy storage compressor unit 2, an energy storage expansion unit 3, a cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4, a low temperature cold storage unit 5, Low temperature fan 6, heat storage circuit heat exchanger 7, high temperature fan 8, high temperature heat storage unit 9, first high pressure heat exchanger 10, second high pressure heat exchanger 11, energy releasing compressor unit 12, energy releasing expansion unit 13, The power generation unit 14, the first low pressure heat exchanger 15, the second low pressure heat exchanger 16, the first to fourth three-way valves 17, 18, 19, 22, and a plurality of pipelines 20, 21, 23 to 40, etc. composed of components. Wherein, the first to fourth three-way valves 17, 18, 19, and 22 each include three ports, namely a first port, a second port, and a third port; the energy storage compressor group 2 and the drive Unit 1 is drivingly connected, the energy releasing expansion unit 13 is drivingly connected to the power generation unit 14, the energy storage compressor unit 2 is drivingly connected to the energy storage expansion unit 3, and the energy releasing compressor unit is connected to the energy releasing unit 14. Expansion unit drive connection.

The above-mentioned heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage composed of multiple components/units of the present invention can be divided into a heat pump heating and cooling energy storage circuit, a cold and heat energy heat generator power generation circuit, an indirect heat storage circuit and an indirect cold storage circuit. circuit and other four circuits.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in the heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cooling and heat storage of the present invention, the heat pump heating and cooling energy storage circuit includes an energy storage compressor unit 2, an energy storage expansion unit 3, and a heat storage circuit heat exchanger 7 , the first high pressure heat exchanger 10, the second high pressure heat exchanger 11, the cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4, the first low pressure heat exchanger 15, the second low pressure heat exchanger 16, the heat pump heating and cooling energy storage circuit It is filled with heat pump circulating gas working medium, among which,

The exhaust port of the energy storage compressor unit 2 passes through the first interface and the second interface of the three-way valve I22, the hot side of the heat storage circuit heat exchanger 7, the first interface of the three-way valve II19, and the first interface of the three-way valve II19. The second interface, the hot side of the first high pressure heat exchanger 10 is communicated with the air inlet of the energy storage expansion unit 3,

The exhaust port of the energy storage expansion unit 3 passes through the first interface and the second interface of the three-way valve III17, the cold side of the cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4, the first interface of the three-way valve IV18, and the first interface of the three-way valve IV18. The second interface, the cold side of the first low pressure heat exchanger 15 is communicated with the air inlet of the energy storage compressor group 2 .

Referring to FIG. 1, in the heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold and heat storage of the present invention, the power generation circuit of the cold and heat energy heat generator includes an energy releasing compressor unit 12, a heat storage circuit heat exchanger 7, and a second high pressure heat exchanger 11. The cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4, the energy releasing expansion unit 13, the second low pressure heat exchanger 16, the cold and heat energy heat generator power generation circuit is filled with circulating gas working medium, wherein,

The exhaust port of the energy releasing compressor unit 12 passes through the hot side of the second high pressure heat exchanger 11, the third interface and the first interface of the three-way valve II 19, and the heat of the heat storage circuit heat exchanger 7 through the pipeline. side, the second port and the third port of the three-way valve I22 communicate with the air inlet of the energy releasing expansion unit 13,

The exhaust port of the energy releasing expansion unit 13 passes through the cold side of the second low pressure heat exchanger 16, the third interface and the first interface of the three-way valve IV18, and the cold side of the cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4 through the pipeline. The second port and the third port of the side and three-way valve III17 communicate with the air inlet of the energy releasing compressor group 12 .

1 , in the heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage of the present invention, the heat storage circuit heat exchanger 7 , the high temperature fan 8 , the high temperature heat storage unit 9 and the pipelines 39 and 40 constitute an indirect heat storage circuit. The cold side of the heat storage circuit heat exchanger 7, the high temperature fan 8, and the high temperature heat storage unit 9 are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a closed loop.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in the heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage of the present invention, the cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4 , the low temperature fan 6 , the low temperature cold storage unit 5 and the pipelines 37 and 38 constitute an indirect cold storage circuit. The hot side of the cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4, the low temperature fan 6, and the low temperature cold storage unit 5 are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a closed loop.

Referring to FIG. 1 , when the heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage of the present invention is performing energy storage, the three-way valve I22 is controlled so that the first interface is communicated with the second interface, so that the pipeline 20 is communicated with the pipeline 23. , the pipeline 34 is cut off; the three-way valve II19 is controlled to make its first interface communicate with the second interface, so that the pipeline 24 is connected to the pipeline 25, and the pipeline 33 is closed; the three-way valve IV18 is controlled so that its first interface is connected to the The second interface is connected, so that the pipeline 29 is connected with the pipeline 30, and the pipeline 36 is closed; the three-way valve III17 is controlled to connect the first interface with the second interface, so that the pipeline 27 is connected with the pipeline 28, and the pipeline 31 is closed. Through the above valve operation, the energy storage compressor unit 2, the heat storage circuit heat exchanger 7, the high pressure heat exchanger 10, the energy storage expansion unit 3, the cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4, the low pressure heat exchanger 15 and the pipelines 20, 23 -30 and 21 constitute a heat pump heating and cooling circuit. The drive unit 1 is fixedly connected to the common transmission shaft of the heat pump cycle energy storage compressor unit 2 and the heat pump cycle energy storage expansion unit 3 .

When releasing energy to generate electricity, control the three-way valve I22 to make the second interface communicate with the third interface, so that the pipeline 23 is connected to the pipeline 34, and the pipeline 20 is cut off; the three-way valve II19 is controlled so that the first interface is connected to the The third interface is connected, so that the pipeline 24 is connected with the pipeline 33, and the pipeline 25 is cut off; the three-way valve IV18 is controlled so that the first interface is connected with the third interface, so that the pipeline 29 is connected with the pipeline 36, and the pipeline 30 is cut off; The three-way valve 17 is described, so that the second interface is connected with the third interface, so that the pipeline 28 is connected with the pipeline 31, and the pipeline 27 is cut off; when the energy is released to generate electricity, the energy-release compressor unit 12, the high-pressure heat exchanger 11, and the heat storage circuit are exchanged. Heater 7, energy releasing expansion unit 13, low pressure heat exchanger 16, cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4 and pipelines 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 24, 23, 34, 35, 36 constitute a heat engine energy releasing circuit. The power generation unit 14 is fixedly connected to the common drive shaft of the heat pump circulating energy releasing compressor unit 12 and the heat pump circulating energy releasing expansion unit 13 .

During the low electricity consumption period, the drive unit 1 drives the energy storage compressor group 2 to compress the heat pump circulating gas working fluid at normal temperature and low pressure to a high temperature and high pressure state; through the heat storage circuit heat exchanger 7, the high temperature and high pressure heat pump circulates The temperature of the gas working medium is reduced to normal temperature; at the same time, the gas in the indirect heat storage circuit is driven by the high-temperature fan 8, heated by the heat-storage circuit heat exchanger 7, and then cooled by the high-temperature heat storage unit 9, and the high-temperature heat energy is stored in the In the heat storage medium of the high temperature heat storage unit 9; the heat pump circulating gas working medium at room temperature and high pressure passes through the hot side temperature of the first high pressure heat exchanger 10 to drop to around room temperature; the heat pump circulating gas working medium at room temperature and high pressure further passes through the The energy storage expansion unit 3 expands to low temperature and low pressure; the low temperature and low pressure heat pump circulating gas working medium passes through the cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4 to raise the temperature of the low temperature and low pressure heat pump circulating gas working medium to normal temperature, while the indirect cold storage circuit The inner gas is driven by the low-temperature fan 6, cooled by the cold storage circuit heat exchanger 5, and then heated by the low-temperature cold storage unit 5, and the low-temperature cold energy is stored in the cold storage medium of the low-temperature cold storage unit 5; The temperature of the low-pressure heat pump circulating gas working medium passes through the first low-pressure heat exchanger 15 to around room temperature; the room temperature and low-pressure heat pump circulating gas working medium re-enters the inlet of the heat pump energy storage compressor unit 2 to participate in the heat pump cycle, and the cycle goes back and forth. , and continuously store high temperature thermal energy and low temperature cold energy in the heat storage medium of the high temperature heat storage unit 9 and the cold storage medium of the low temperature cold storage unit 5 .

During the peak period of electricity consumption, the low temperature fan 6 in the indirect cold storage circuit rotates in the opposite direction, and the gas in the indirect cold storage circuit is driven by the low temperature fan 6, passes through the high temperature heat storage unit 5 and is absorbed and stored in the heat storage medium of the high temperature heat storage unit 5 The low temperature cold energy is then heated by the cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4; the normal temperature and low pressure circulating gas in the heat engine power generation circuit passes through the cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4, and the temperature drops to low temperature and low pressure after absorbing the low temperature cold energy. The energy releasing compressor group 12 compresses the low temperature and low pressure heat pump circulating gas working fluid to a normal temperature and high pressure state; the normal temperature and high pressure gas working fluid passes through the hot side temperature of the second high pressure heat exchanger 16 to drop to around room temperature; at the same time, indirectly The high-temperature fan 8 in the heat storage circuit rotates in the opposite direction, and the gas in the indirect heat storage circuit is driven by the high-temperature fan 8, passes through the high-temperature heat storage unit 9 to absorb the high-temperature heat energy stored in the heat storage medium of the high-temperature heat storage unit 9, and then passes through the high-temperature heat storage unit 9. The heat circuit heat exchanger 7 is cooled; the heat pump circulating gas passes through the heat storage circuit heat exchanger 7 to increase the temperature of the gas working medium at room temperature and high pressure to a high temperature; the high temperature and high pressure heat pump circulating gas working medium is further expanded through the energy release. The unit 13 is at room temperature and low pressure; the temperature of the heat pump circulating gas working medium at room temperature and low pressure is near room temperature after passing through the second low pressure heat exchanger 16; the gas working medium at room temperature and low pressure re-enters the inlet of the cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4 to participate Heat engine cycle. The energy releasing expansion unit 13 is drivingly connected to the power generation unit 14 , and the energy releasing compressor unit 12 is drivingly connected to the energy releasing expansion unit 13 . This cycle is repeated, and the stored high-temperature thermal energy and low-temperature cold energy are continuously converted into electrical energy for output through the heat engine cycle.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. within.

Claims (10)

1. A heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage, the system comprises a drive unit, an energy storage compressor unit, an energy storage expansion unit, a cold storage circuit heat exchanger, a low temperature cold storage unit, a low temperature fan, and a heat storage circuit Heat exchanger, high temperature fan, high temperature heat storage unit, first high pressure heat exchanger, second high pressure heat exchanger, energy releasing compressor unit, energy releasing expansion unit, power generation unit, first low pressure heat exchanger, second low pressure heat exchanger Heater, first to fourth three-way valve, in, The drive unit is drivingly connected to the energy storage compressor unit, the energy storage compressor unit is drivingly connected to the energy storage expansion unit, the energy releasing compressor unit is drivingly connected to the energy releasing expansion unit, and the energy releasing expansion unit is drivingly connected. The unit is driven and connected to the power generation unit; the first to fourth three-way valves all include three interfaces, which are a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface; It is characterized in that, The system is configured as a heat pump heating and cooling energy storage circuit, a cold and heat energy heat generator power generation circuit, an indirect heat storage circuit and an indirect cold storage circuit, wherein, --In the heat pump heating and cooling energy storage circuit, The exhaust port of the energy storage compressor unit passes through the first interface and the second interface of the three-way valve I, the hot side of the heat storage circuit heat exchanger, and the first interface and the second interface of the three-way valve II in sequence through the pipeline. The interface and the hot side of the first high pressure heat exchanger are communicated with the air inlet of the energy storage expansion unit, The exhaust port of the energy storage expansion unit passes through the first interface and the second interface of the three-way valve III, the cold side of the cold storage circuit heat exchanger, and the first interface and the second interface of the three-way valve IV in sequence through the pipeline. The interface and the cold side of the first low-pressure heat exchanger are communicated with the air inlet of the energy storage compressor unit; --In the power generation circuit of the cold and heat energy heat engine, The exhaust port of the energy releasing compressor unit passes through the hot side of the second high pressure heat exchanger, the third interface and the first interface of the three-way valve II, the hot side of the heat storage circuit heat exchanger, the The second interface and the third interface of the three-way valve I are communicated with the air inlet of the energy releasing expansion unit, The exhaust port of the energy releasing expansion unit passes through the cold side of the second low pressure heat exchanger, the third interface and the first interface of the three-way valve IV, the cold side and the third interface of the cold storage circuit heat exchanger in sequence through the pipeline. The second port and the third port of the valve III are communicated with the air inlet of the energy releasing compressor unit; --In the indirect heat storage circuit, the cold side, the high temperature fan, and the high temperature heat storage unit of the heat storage circuit heat exchanger are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a closed circuit; ---In the indirect cold storage circuit, the hot side of the cold storage circuit heat exchanger, the low-temperature fan, and the low-temperature cold storage unit are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a closed loop. 2. The heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, during the low electricity consumption period, the system utilizes the heat pump heating and refrigeration cycle to prepare high temperature heat energy and low temperature cold energy , and store the high temperature thermal energy and the low temperature cold energy in the high temperature heat storage unit and the low temperature cold storage unit through the indirect heat storage heat storage circuit and the indirect cold storage circuit respectively. 3. The heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, during the low power consumption period, the energy storage compressor unit and the energy storage expansion unit are started, and the energy release compressor unit is turned off and control the three-way valve I to make the first port communicate with the second port; control the three-way valve II to make the first port communicate with the second port; control the three-way valve II to communicate with the second port; The valve IV is opened to make the first port communicate with the second port; the three-way valve III is controlled to make the first port communicate with the second port. 4 . The heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold and heat storage according to claim 2 , wherein, in the low power consumption period, in the heat pump heating and refrigeration cycle, the drive unit drives the energy storage 4 . The compressor unit compresses the normal temperature and low pressure gas working medium to a high temperature and high pressure state; the temperature of the high temperature and high pressure gas working medium is reduced to normal temperature through the heat storage circuit heat exchanger, and the high temperature heat energy is stored in the indirect heat storage circuit through the indirect heat storage circuit. In the heat storage medium of the high temperature heat storage unit; the gas working fluid at room temperature and high pressure passes through the hot side of the first high pressure heat exchanger to drop to around room temperature; the gas working fluid at room temperature and high pressure further passes through the energy storage expansion unit to low temperature and low pressure; the temperature of the low temperature and low pressure gas working medium is raised to normal temperature after passing through the cold storage circuit heat exchanger, and the low temperature cold energy is stored in the cold storage medium of the low temperature cold storage unit through the indirect cold storage circuit; The normal temperature and low pressure gas working medium passes through the first low pressure heat exchanger and the temperature rises to near room temperature; the room temperature and low pressure gas working medium re-enters the inlet of the heat pump energy storage compressor unit to participate in the heat pump cycle, and the cycle repeats, continuously High temperature heat energy and low temperature cold energy are stored in the heat storage medium of the high temperature heat storage unit and the cold storage medium of the low temperature cold storage unit. 5 . The heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold and heat storage according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, during peak power consumption periods, the system utilizes the high temperature stored in the high temperature heat storage unit and the low temperature cold storage unit The heat energy and the low temperature cold energy are used to drive the heat engine cycle to generate electricity by means of the cold and heat energy heat engine power generation circuit. 6. The heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage according to claim 5, characterized in that, during the peak period of electricity consumption, the energy releasing compressor unit and the energy releasing expansion unit are started, and the energy storage compressor unit is turned off unit and energy storage expansion unit; and control the three-way valve I, so that the second interface and the third interface are connected; control the three-way valve II, so that the first interface and the third interface are connected; control the three-way valve The valve IV is opened so that the first port is communicated with the third port; the three-way valve is controlled so that the second port is communicated with the third port. 7. The heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage according to claim 5, characterized in that, during the peak period of electricity consumption, the gas working medium at normal temperature and low pressure passes through the cold storage circuit heat exchanger to absorb the The temperature of the low temperature cold energy stored in the low temperature cold storage unit is reduced to low temperature and low pressure, and the low temperature and low pressure gas working medium is compressed to a normal temperature and high pressure state through the energy releasing compressor group; the normal temperature and high pressure gas working medium passes through the second high pressure heat exchange The temperature of the hot side of the heat exchanger drops to near room temperature; the gas working medium of room temperature and high pressure passes through the heat storage circuit heat exchanger, and the temperature rises to a high temperature after absorbing the high temperature heat energy stored by the high temperature heat storage unit; the gas working medium of high temperature and high pressure Further pass through the energy releasing expansion unit to normal temperature and low pressure; the gas working medium of normal temperature and low pressure passes through the second low pressure heat exchanger and the temperature is near room temperature; the gas working medium of room temperature and low pressure re-enters the cold storage circuit heat exchanger. The inlet participates in the heat engine cycle, the energy release expansion unit is driven to connect the power generation unit, and the energy release compressor unit is connected to the energy release expansion unit through a drive, so the cycle goes back and forth, and the stored high temperature heat energy and low temperature cold energy are continuously circulated through the heat engine. converted into electrical energy output. 8 . The heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage according to the preceding claim, wherein the indirect heat storage circuit is in a low power consumption period, and the high temperature fan drives the gas working medium to circulate and flow in the circuit , the gas working medium is heated when passing through the heat storage circuit heat exchanger, cooled when passing through the high temperature heat storage unit, and the high temperature heat energy is stored in the heat storage medium in the high temperature heat storage unit; the indirect storage During the peak power consumption period of the heat circuit, the high-temperature fan runs in reverse to drive the gas working medium to circulate in the loop. The gas working medium is heated when passing through the high-temperature heat storage unit, and is heated when passing through the heat storage circuit heat exchanger. For cooling, the high-temperature heat energy stored in the high-temperature heat storage unit is exchanged to the cold-heat energy heat engine working circuit. 9 . The heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage according to the preceding claim, wherein the indirect cold storage circuit is in a low power consumption period, and the low temperature fan drives the gas working medium to circulate in the circuit. , the gas working medium is cooled when passing through the cold storage circuit heat exchanger, heated when passing through the low temperature cold storage unit, and the low temperature cold energy is stored in the cold storage medium in the low temperature cold storage unit; the indirect During the peak power consumption period of the cold storage circuit, the low-temperature fan operates in reverse to drive the gas working medium to circulate in the circuit. The gas working medium is cooled when passing through the low-temperature cold storage unit, and when passing through the cold storage circuit heat exchanger After being heated, the low-temperature cold energy stored in the low-temperature cold storage unit is exchanged to the work circuit of the cold-heat energy heat engine. 10. The heat pump energy storage system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage according to the preceding claim, wherein the drive unit is a drive motor or a wind turbine; when the drive unit is a drive motor, it is a conventional One or more of the power plant trough power, nuclear power, wind power, solar power, hydropower or tidal power is the power source.

Images