CN111140214B - Experimental device and method for exploiting natural gas hydrate by enhanced microwave heating - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for exploiting natural gas hydrate by enhanced microwave heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN111140214B CN111140214B CN202010039350.4A CN202010039350A CN111140214B CN 111140214 B CN111140214 B CN 111140214B CN 202010039350 A CN202010039350 A CN 202010039350A CN 111140214 B CN111140214 B CN 111140214B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of natural gas hydrate exploitation, in particular to an experimental device and method for exploiting natural gas hydrate by enhanced microwave heating. The reaction kettle is placed in a constant temperature control system, an artificial rock core is arranged in the reaction kettle, the reaction kettle comprises a reaction kettle body and a reaction kettle top cover, a microwave inlet and a fluid inlet and outlet are arranged on the reaction kettle top cover, the microwave inlet is connected with a microwave generating system, the fluid inlet and outlet are respectively connected with a natural gas hydrate generating system, a fracturing fluid injection-flowback system and a natural gas output system through six-way valves I, two vertical pore canals are drilled on the artificial rock core, and the two vertical pore canals respectively correspond to the microwave inlet and the fluid inlet and outlet on the reaction kettle top cover. The method can simulate the whole process of fracturing of the magnetic nano fluid and microwave heating exploitation of the natural gas hydrate after fracturing, research the spreading rule of fracturing cracks and the migration and distribution rule of the magnetic metal nano particles in the natural gas hydrate reservoir, and analyze the effect of the magnetic nano particles in assisting the microwave heating exploitation of the natural gas hydrate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of natural gas hydrate exploitation, in particular to an experimental device and method for exploiting natural gas hydrate by enhanced microwave heating.
Background
The current energy shortage is an important problem which puzzles the global development, and the contradiction between energy supply and demand is increasingly aggravated with the increase of the difficulty of the exploitation of conventional petroleum and natural gas. Meanwhile, along with the deep ecological civilization construction and green development concept, the requirements of green clean energy are gradually increased, and new alternative energy sources are required to be discovered. The natural gas hydrate is a novel green energy source which is popular in recent years, and has the following characteristics: (1) The distribution range is wide, and most of the sea areas in the world are possibly distributed; (2) The resource amount is huge, and the human use can be estimated to be satisfied for at least 1000 years; (3) The energy density is high, and 168 liters of natural gas is contained in 1 liter of hydrate solid. Therefore, the natural gas hydrate is considered as an ideal substitute energy source in the 21 st century, and the research on development and application of the natural gas hydrate is greatly developed, so that the natural gas hydrate has important significance for guaranteeing the energy safety of China and improving the global competitiveness.
At present, the development of the natural gas hydrate in the world is at the trial production level, the prior art can not meet the requirement of large-scale commercial exploitation, and China is a few countries with experience of trial production of the natural gas hydrate. The existing natural gas hydrate exploitation method mainly comprises a depressurization method, a heat shock method, a chemical inhibitor injection method and a CO 2 replacement method, wherein the depressurization method is the simplest method, but the heat supply is insufficient in the exploitation process, the hydrate energy storage seepage condition is poor, and the problems of insufficient productivity and the like exist; although the heat shock method can promote quick decomposition of hydrate in theory, the problem of low exploitation efficiency caused by huge heat loss in the injection process is faced; the cost of chemical inhibitor injection is too high to be suitable for industrial application; although the CO 2 displacement method can maintain formation stability, further research is needed on how to improve the displacement rate and the displacement efficiency. In summary, the problems of the conventional extraction method at present are mainly that the extraction efficiency is low, the natural gas productivity is insufficient, the economic benefit is poor, and an economic and efficient extraction method of natural gas hydrate is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an experimental device and method for exploiting natural gas hydrate by enhanced microwave heating, which can simulate the whole process of fracturing of a magnetic nano fluid and exploiting the natural gas hydrate by microwave heating after fracturing, study the spreading rule of the fracturing crack and the migration and distribution rule of magnetic metal nano particles in a natural gas hydrate reservoir, analyze the effect of the magnetic nano particles on exploiting the natural gas hydrate by auxiliary microwave heating, and provide data support for the combined exploiting method of the magnetic nano fluid fracturing and the microwave heating from theoretical trend to field application.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the experimental device comprises a reaction kettle, a natural gas hydrate generation system, a fracturing fluid injection-flowback system, a microwave generation system, a natural gas output system and a constant temperature control system, wherein the reaction kettle is placed in the constant temperature control system, an artificial rock core is arranged in the reaction kettle, the reaction kettle comprises a reaction kettle body and a reaction kettle top cover, a microwave inlet and a fluid inlet and outlet are arranged on the reaction kettle top cover, the microwave inlet is connected with the microwave generation system, the fluid inlet and outlet are respectively connected with the natural gas hydrate generation system, the fracturing fluid injection-flowback system and the natural gas output system through six-way valves I, two vertical pore channels are drilled on the artificial rock core, and the two vertical pore channels respectively correspond to the microwave inlet and the fluid inlet and outlet on the reaction kettle top cover;
The natural gas hydrate generation system comprises a vacuum pump, a six-way valve II, a methane gas cylinder and a water tank, wherein the vacuum pump is directly connected with the six-way valve II, the methane gas cylinder is sequentially connected with a gas flowmeter and a booster pump II and then is connected with the six-way valve II, the water tank is connected with a advection pump and then is connected with the six-way valve II, and the six-way valve II is connected with the six-way valve I to realize the connection of the natural gas hydrate generation system and the reaction kettle;
The fracturing fluid injection-flowback system comprises a fracturing fluid storage tank, a flowback pool and a three-way valve, wherein the fracturing fluid storage tank is sequentially connected with a flowmeter I and a booster pump I and then connected with the three-way valve, the flowback pool is connected with a flowmeter II and then connected with the three-way valve, and the three-way valve is connected with a six-way valve I to realize the connection of the fracturing fluid injection-flowback system and the reaction kettle;
The microwave generation system comprises a microwave source, a circulator, a water load, a directional coupler and a regulator, wherein the microwave source is sequentially connected with the circulator, the directional coupler and the regulator through a wave guide pipe, the regulator is connected with a microwave inlet on the top cover of the reaction kettle through the wave guide pipe, and the water load is connected with the circulator;
The natural gas output system comprises a back pressure valve, a solid-liquid separator, a gas-liquid separator and a gas flowmeter, wherein one end of the back pressure valve is connected with the six-way valve I, the other end of the back pressure valve is sequentially connected with the solid-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator and the gas flowmeter through a high-pressure pipeline, the gas-liquid separator is provided with a gas outlet and a liquid outlet, and the gas outlet is connected with the gas flowmeter.
In the invention, a rubber bushing is arranged between the artificial rock core and the inner wall of the reaction kettle in a sealing way.
Graphite sealing is adopted between the reaction kettle top cover and the kettle body.
And the connection part of the wave guide pipe and the microwave inlet is sealed by adopting high-pressure resistant quartz glass.
The constant temperature control system is a constant temperature bathroom, and the constant temperature bathroom is heated by water bath.
The beaker was placed under the liquid outlet and the beaker was located on a balance.
The invention also comprises a method for carrying out experiments by adopting the experimental device, and the method comprises the following steps:
preparation of the artificial rock core and the reaction kettle: loading the artificial rock core into a rubber bushing, placing the rubber bushing and the artificial rock core in a reaction kettle, covering a top cover of the reaction kettle, and ensuring that two vertical channels on the artificial rock core are correspondingly communicated with two openings on the top cover of the reaction kettle;
placing the reaction kettle into a constant-temperature bathroom, and heating the reaction kettle to a preset temperature and stabilizing the temperature;
adjusting a six-way valve I, transferring to a natural gas hydrate generation system, and then adjusting a six-way valve II to enable the reaction kettle to be communicated with a vacuum pump, and vacuumizing the artificial rock core;
Preparation of natural gas hydrate: adjusting a six-way valve II, injecting methane gas into the reaction kettle to enable the internal pressure of the reaction kettle to reach a preset value, then adjusting the six-way valve II, starting a advection pump, and injecting water to the preset pressure;
Fracturing the magnetic nano fluid: adjusting a six-way valve I, transferring to a fracturing fluid injection-flowback system, adjusting a three-way valve, injecting the magnetic nano fluid fracturing fluid in a fracturing fluid storage tank into the artificial rock through a flowmeter I and a booster pump I, and gradually increasing and then decreasing injection pressure to indicate crack formation; after the injection pressure is stable, the three-way valve is regulated, the injected fracturing fluid is subjected to flowback through a flowmeter II, and the fracturing fluid flows into a flowback pool;
Microwave heating: starting a microwave source to generate microwaves, and enabling the microwaves to enter a microwave inlet through a wave guide pipe after passing through a circulator, a directional coupler and a tuner;
Natural gas decomposition and recovery.
In the invention, in the steps of natural gas decomposition and exploitation, along with the progress of microwave heating, natural gas hydrate prepared in the artificial core is gradually decomposed; and regulating the six-way valve I, turning to a natural gas output system, reducing pressure of output fluid through a back pressure valve, entering a solid-liquid separator and a gas-liquid separator, separating gas and liquid in the gas-liquid separator, enabling the gas to enter a gas flowmeter, and enabling the liquid to flow into a beaker on a balance.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the method realizes the whole process simulation of fracturing and microwave heating exploitation of the natural gas hydrate by the magnetic nano fluid, can be used for researching the development dynamic characteristics and action mechanisms of the combined exploitation method of fracturing and microwave heating of the magnetic nano fluid, and provides technical support for exploring a new method for exploiting the natural gas hydrate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a reaction vessel;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the reactor;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an artificial core in a reaction kettle.
In the figure: 1, a constant-temperature bathroom; 2, a reaction kettle; 3 a microwave source; 4a circulator; 5 water load; 6, a directional coupler; 7, an adapter; 8, a fracturing fluid storage tank; 9 flowmeter I; 10 booster pumps I; 11 three-way valve; a 12 six-way valve I; 13 flowmeter II; 14 a flowback pool; 15 six-way valve II; 16 vacuum pump; a 17 methane cylinder; 18 a gas flow meter; 19 booster pumps II; a 20-water tank; 21a advection pump; 22 back pressure valve; 23 a solid-liquid diverter; 24 gas-liquid separator; a 25 balance; a 26 beaker; a 27 gas flow meter; 28. a reaction kettle body; 29 a reaction kettle top cover; 30 microwave inlet; 31 fluid inlet/outlet; 32 artificial cores; 33 vertical tunnels.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings.
In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than those herein described, and those skilled in the art may readily devise numerous other arrangements that do not depart from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1, the experimental device for exploiting natural gas hydrate by enhanced microwave heating comprises a reaction kettle 2, a natural gas hydrate generation system, a fracturing fluid injection-flowback system, a microwave generation system, a natural gas output system, a constant temperature control system and a data acquisition system. In this example, the maximum pressure that the reaction kettle can bear is 35MPa, the reaction kettle is 500mm high and the inner diameter is 300mm. The constant temperature control system is a constant temperature bathroom 1 and is used for controlling the temperature of a reaction kettle 2. The constant temperature bathroom is heated by water bath, the indoor temperature is controlled to be-20-120 ℃, and the control accuracy is +/-0.1 ℃.
As shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, the reaction kettle 2 is located in a constant-temperature bathroom 1, an artificial core 32 is arranged in the reaction kettle, and the artificial core 32 is sealed with the inner wall of the reaction kettle through a rubber bushing. The reaction kettle 2 comprises a reaction kettle body 28 and a reaction kettle top cover 29, the top of the reaction kettle body 28 is provided with the reaction kettle top cover 29, and graphite sealing is adopted between the reaction kettle top cover 29 and the reaction kettle body 28. The reaction kettle top cover 29 is provided with a microwave inlet 30 and a fluid inlet and outlet 31, the microwave inlet 30 is connected with a microwave generation system, and the fluid inlet and outlet 31 is respectively connected with a natural gas hydrate generation system, a fracturing fluid injection-flowback system and a natural gas output system through a six-way valve I12. Two vertical pore channels 33 are drilled on the artificial rock core 32, and the two vertical pore channels 33 respectively correspond to the microwave inlet 30 and the fluid inlet and outlet 31 on the reaction kettle top cover 29. In this embodiment, the artificial core has a length of 480mm and a diameter of 280mm, and the vertical pore canal has a diameter of 30mm, and extends from the top surface of the core to a position 50mm from the bottom surface of the core.
The natural gas hydrate generation system comprises a vacuum pump 16, a six-way valve II 15, a methane gas cylinder 17 and a water tank 20, wherein the six-way valve II 15 is connected with the six-way valve I12. The vacuum pump 16 is directly connected with the six-way valve II 15, and the vacuum pump 16 is used for vacuumizing the artificial core 32. The methane gas bottle 17 is connected with a gas flowmeter 18 and a booster pump II 19 in sequence through a high-pressure pipeline, the booster pump II 19 is connected with a six-way valve II 15, methane gas is injected into the reaction kettle 2 by adjusting the six-way valve I12 and the six-way valve II 15, the injection amount of the methane gas is measured by the gas flowmeter 18, and the methane injection pressure is realized by the booster pump II 19. The water tank 20 is connected with a advection pump 21 through a high-pressure pipeline, and the advection pump 21 is connected with a six-way valve II 15, so that the aim of injecting water into the reaction kettle 2 to a preset pressure is fulfilled.
The fracturing fluid injection-flowback system comprises a fracturing fluid storage tank 8, a flowback pool 14 and a three-way valve 11, wherein the three-way valve 11 is connected with a six-way valve I12. The fracturing fluid storage tank 8 is connected with the flow meter I9 and the booster pump I10 in sequence through high-pressure pipelines, the booster pump I10 is connected with the three-way valve 11, and the purpose of injecting fracturing fluid into the artificial rock core 32 is achieved through adjusting the three-way valve 11 and the six-way valve I12. The flowback pool 14 is connected with the flowmeter II 13 through a high-pressure pipeline and the flowmeter II 13 and is connected with a three-way valve, and flowback of fracturing fluid in the artificial rock core 32 is realized through adjusting the three-way valve 11 and the six-way valve I12.
The microwave generating system comprises a microwave source 3, a circulator 4, a directional coupler 6 and a dispatcher 7, wherein the microwave source 3 is sequentially connected with the circulator 4, the directional coupler 6 and the dispatcher 7 through wave guide tubes, and the dispatcher 7 is connected with a microwave inlet 30 on a reaction kettle top cover 29 through the wave guide tubes, so that microwaves enter the reaction kettle 2. The junction of the waveguide tube and the microwave inlet 30 is sealed by a high pressure resistant quartz glass partition. A water load 5 is connected to the circulator 4. The power of the microwave source is adjustable between 0 and 700w, and the generated microwave frequency is 2450MHz. The circulator is a non-reversible transmission piece, and ensures the unidirectional propagation of microwaves by utilizing the principle of magnetic field bias ferrite material anisotropy; the water load is used as a matching load of a high-power microwave source, can absorb microwave reflected power and protect the magnetron from damage; the directional coupler is a directional power coupling (distributing) element, and can couple (distribute) power of microwave signals according to a certain proportion; the tuner is essentially an impedance transformer, which can change the impedance and properties, thus realizing a microwave transmission line.
The natural gas production system comprises a back pressure valve 22, a solid-liquid separator 23, a gas-liquid separator 24 and a gas flowmeter 27, wherein one end of the back pressure valve 22 is connected with a six-way valve I12, and the other end of the back pressure valve 22 is sequentially connected with the solid-liquid separator 23, the gas-liquid separator 24 and the gas flowmeter 27 through high-pressure pipelines. The solid-liquid separator 23 is provided with a liquid outlet, and the liquid outlet is connected with the gas-liquid separator 24. The gas-liquid separator 24 is provided with a gas outlet and a liquid outlet, the gas outlet is connected to the gas flow meter 27, and the gas directly flows into the gas flow meter 27. The liquid flows through the liquid outlet into a beaker 26. In this embodiment, the beaker 26 is located on a balance 25.
In this embodiment, the working pressures of the booster pump I10 and the booster pump II 19 can reach 30MPa. The pressure of the high-pressure pipeline is 30MPa.
The invention also comprises a method for carrying out experiments by adopting the experimental device, and the method comprises the following steps.
In the first step, the artificial core 32 and the reaction kettle 2 are prepared. The artificial core 32 is put into a rubber bushing, then the artificial core 32 and the rubber bushing are placed in the reaction kettle 2 together, the reaction kettle top cover 29 is covered, and two vertical channels 33 on the artificial core 32 are ensured to be correspondingly communicated with two openings on the reaction kettle top cover 29.
And secondly, placing the reaction kettle 2 into a constant-temperature bathroom 1, and heating the reaction kettle 2 to a preset temperature and stabilizing.
And thirdly, adjusting the six-way valve I12, transferring to a natural gas hydrate generation system, and adjusting the six-way valve II 15 to enable the reaction kettle 2 to be communicated with the vacuum pump 16, and vacuumizing the artificial rock core 32.
Fourthly, preparing natural gas hydrate. Regulating a six-way valve II 15, injecting a certain amount of methane gas into the reaction kettle 2 to enable the internal pressure of the reaction kettle 2 to reach a preset value, wherein the methane injection amount is measured by a gas flowmeter 18, and the methane injection pressure is realized by a booster pump 16; the six-way valve II 15 is regulated, the advection pump 21 is started, and a certain amount of water is injected to a preset pressure.
And fifthly, fracturing the magnetic nanofluid. Firstly, adjusting a six-way valve I12, and transferring to a fracturing fluid injection-flowback system; then, the three-way valve 11 is regulated, the magnetic nano fluid fracturing fluid in the fracturing fluid storage tank 8 is injected into the artificial rock core 32 through the flowmeter I9 and the booster pump I10, and the injection pressure is gradually increased and then decreased, so that crack formation is indicated; after the injection pressure is stable, the three-way valve 11 is regulated, the injected fracturing fluid is subjected to flowback through the flowmeter II 13, and the fracturing fluid flows into the flowback pool 14.
And sixthly, heating by microwaves. The microwave source 3 is started to generate microwaves, and the microwaves enter the microwave inlet 30 through the wave guide pipe after passing through the circulator 4, the directional coupler 6 and the dispatcher 7.
And seventh, decomposing and exploiting natural gas. As the microwave heating proceeds, the natural gas hydrate produced in the artificial core 32 gradually decomposes; at this time, the six-way valve I12 is adjusted to a natural gas production system, the produced fluid is depressurized through the back pressure valve 22, then enters the solid-liquid separator 23 and the gas-liquid separator 24, the separation of gas and liquid is realized in the gas-liquid separator 24, the gas enters the gas flowmeter 27, and the liquid flows into the beaker 26 on the balance 25.
The method is a mining method which combines fracturing, microwave heating and magnetic metal nano particles, and utilizes fracturing fluid composed of the magnetic metal nano particles to generate cracks in a natural gas hydrate reservoir through fracturing construction, meanwhile, the magnetic metal nano particles are conveyed and dispersed into the reservoir along the cracks, and then the principle of the microwave heating is enhanced by the magnetic metal nano particles, so that the natural gas hydrate is mined through the microwave heating. In the method, the fracturing can be used for fracturing microcracks in the stratum, so that the seepage condition of the stratum is improved, and the method is very helpful for improving the productivity; the microwave heating is used as an in-situ heating mode, so that heat loss in the heat injection process is avoided, and the energy utilization rate is high; the magnetic metal nano particles have large dielectric constant, can well absorb microwaves and convert electromagnetic energy into heat, namely have strong wave absorption and temperature rising capability, and can improve the microwave heating efficiency. Therefore, the method has higher productivity and mining efficiency in theory and has wide application prospect. The experimental device can simulate the fracturing process of the magnetic nano fluid, thereby representing the distribution of the magnetic metal nano particles in the natural gas hydrate reservoir.
The experimental device and the method for exploiting the natural gas hydrate by the enhanced microwave heating provided by the invention are described in detail. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an experimental apparatus of intensive microwave heating exploitation natural gas hydrate, includes reation kettle (2), its characterized in that: the natural gas hydrate forming system, the fracturing fluid injection-flowback system, the microwave generating system, the natural gas output system and the constant temperature control system are further included, the reaction kettle (2) is placed in the constant temperature control system, an artificial core (32) is arranged in the reaction kettle, the reaction kettle (2) comprises a reaction kettle body (28) and a reaction kettle top cover (29), a microwave inlet (30) and a fluid inlet (31) are arranged on the reaction kettle top cover (29), the microwave inlet (30) is connected with the microwave generating system, the fluid inlet (31) is respectively connected with the natural gas hydrate forming system, the fracturing fluid injection-flowback system and the natural gas output system through a six-way valve I (12), two vertical pore channels (33) are drilled on the artificial core (32), and the two vertical pore channels (33) respectively correspond to the microwave inlet (30) and the fluid inlet (31) on the reaction kettle top cover (29);
The natural gas hydrate generation system comprises a vacuum pump (16), a six-way valve II (15), a methane gas cylinder (17) and a water tank (20), wherein the vacuum pump (16) is directly connected with the six-way valve II (15), the methane gas cylinder (17) is sequentially connected with a gas flowmeter (18) and a booster pump II (19) and then connected with the six-way valve II (15), the water tank (20) is connected with a advection pump and then connected with the six-way valve II (15), and the six-way valve II (15) is connected with a six-way valve I (12) and then connected with the reaction kettle (2);
The fracturing fluid injection-flowback system comprises a fracturing fluid storage tank (8), a flowback pool (14) and a three-way valve (11), wherein the fracturing fluid storage tank (8) is sequentially connected with a flowmeter I (9) and a booster pump I (10) and then connected with the three-way valve (11), the flowback pool (14) is connected with a flowmeter II (13) and then connected with the three-way valve (11), and the three-way valve (11) is connected with a six-way valve I (12) to realize the connection of the fracturing fluid injection-flowback system and the reaction kettle (2);
The microwave generation system comprises a microwave source (3), a circulator (4), a directional coupler (6) and a dispatcher (7), wherein the microwave source (3) is sequentially connected with the circulator (4), the directional coupler (6) and the dispatcher (7) through wave guide pipes, the dispatcher (7) is connected with a microwave inlet (30) on a top cover (29) of the reaction kettle through wave guide pipes, and a water load (5) is connected with the circulator (4);
The natural gas output system comprises a back pressure valve (22), a solid-liquid separator (23), a gas-liquid separator (24) and a gas flowmeter (27), wherein one end of the back pressure valve (22) is connected with a six-way valve I (12), the other end of the back pressure valve (22) is sequentially connected with the solid-liquid separator (23), the gas-liquid separator (24) and the gas flowmeter (27) through high-pressure pipelines, the gas-liquid separator (24) is provided with a gas outlet and a liquid outlet, and the gas outlet is connected with the gas flowmeter (27).
2. The experimental apparatus for enhanced microwave heating production of natural gas hydrate according to claim 1, wherein: and a rubber bushing is arranged between the artificial rock core (32) and the inner wall of the reaction kettle in a sealing way.
3. The experimental apparatus for enhanced microwave heating production of natural gas hydrate according to claim 1, wherein: graphite sealing is adopted between the reaction kettle top cover (29) and the kettle body (28).
4. The experimental apparatus for enhanced microwave heating production of natural gas hydrate according to claim 1, wherein: the connection part of the wave guide pipe and the microwave inlet (30) is sealed by adopting high-pressure resistant quartz glass.
5. The experimental apparatus for enhanced microwave heating production of natural gas hydrate according to claim 1, wherein: the constant temperature control system is a constant temperature bathroom (1), and the constant temperature bathroom is heated by water bath.
6. A method of performing an experiment using the apparatus of claim 1, the method comprising the steps of:
preparation of the artificial rock core and the reaction kettle: loading the artificial rock core into a rubber bushing, placing the rubber bushing and the artificial rock core in a reaction kettle, covering a top cover of the reaction kettle, and ensuring that two vertical channels on the artificial rock core are correspondingly communicated with two openings on the top cover of the reaction kettle;
placing the reaction kettle into a constant-temperature bathroom, and heating the reaction kettle to a preset temperature and stabilizing the temperature;
adjusting a six-way valve I, transferring to a natural gas hydrate generation system, and then adjusting a six-way valve II to enable the reaction kettle to be communicated with a vacuum pump, and vacuumizing the artificial rock core;
Preparation of natural gas hydrate: adjusting a six-way valve II, injecting methane gas into the reaction kettle to enable the internal pressure of the reaction kettle to reach a preset value, then adjusting the six-way valve II, starting a advection pump, and injecting water to the preset pressure;
Fracturing the magnetic nano fluid: adjusting a six-way valve I, transferring to a fracturing fluid injection-flowback system, adjusting a three-way valve, injecting the magnetic nano fluid fracturing fluid in a fracturing fluid storage tank into the artificial rock through a flowmeter I and a booster pump I, and gradually increasing and then decreasing injection pressure to indicate crack formation; after the injection pressure is stable, the three-way valve is regulated, the injected fracturing fluid is subjected to flowback through a flowmeter II, and the fracturing fluid flows into a flowback pool;
Microwave heating: starting a microwave source to generate microwaves, and enabling the microwaves to enter a microwave inlet through a wave guide pipe after passing through a circulator, a directional coupler and a tuner;
Natural gas decomposition and recovery.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: in the steps of natural gas decomposition and exploitation, natural gas hydrate prepared in the artificial core is gradually decomposed along with the progress of microwave heating; and regulating the six-way valve I, turning to a natural gas output system, reducing pressure of output fluid through a back pressure valve, entering a solid-liquid separator and a gas-liquid separator, separating gas and liquid in the gas-liquid separator, enabling the gas to enter a gas flowmeter, and enabling the liquid to flow into a beaker on a balance.
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| CN111810096B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-04-08 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Automatic microwave stirring heating decomposition device for natural gas hydrate and using method thereof |
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