CN111103230B - Tunnel lining catastrophe characteristic test platform under simulation real conflagration effect - Google Patents
Tunnel lining catastrophe characteristic test platform under simulation real conflagration effect Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/02—Electrochemical measuring systems for weathering, corrosion or corrosion-protection measurement
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- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L15/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring two or more fluid pressure values simultaneously
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- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种模拟真实火灾作用下隧道衬砌灾变特性测试平台，包括纵向通风系统、隧道主体、隧道衬砌荷载加载系统、排气净化系统，电化学锈蚀实验装置组成，纵向通风系统包括防虫鼠网、风机和风管格栅，防虫鼠网、风机和风管格栅从左到右依次设置，风管格栅的一端与风机连接，风管格栅的另一端用于接入实验隧道；本发明通过纵向通风系统、隧道主体、隧道衬砌荷载加载系统、排气净化系统，电化学锈蚀实验装置能实现真实火灾、劣化、荷载多重作用下隧道衬砌灾变特性的测试，实验过程中能够实时记录隧道火灾发展过程，获取衬砌内部温度场、衬砌蒸汽压分布、力学行为响应等灾变特性。
The invention discloses a test platform for catastrophic characteristics of tunnel lining under simulated real fire, comprising a longitudinal ventilation system, a tunnel main body, a tunnel lining load loading system, an exhaust purification system, and an electrochemical corrosion experiment device. The longitudinal ventilation system includes insect repellants Net, fan and air duct grille, insect repellent net, fan and air duct grille are arranged from left to right, one end of the air duct grille is connected to the fan, and the other end of the air duct grille is used to connect to the experimental tunnel; Through the longitudinal ventilation system, the tunnel main body, the tunnel lining load loading system, the exhaust purification system, and the electrochemical corrosion experimental device, the invention can realize the test of the catastrophic characteristics of the tunnel lining under the multiple actions of real fire, deterioration and load, and can record in real time during the experiment. In the process of tunnel fire development, the catastrophic characteristics such as the internal temperature field of the lining, the vapor pressure distribution of the lining, and the mechanical behavior response are obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of scientific research of test platforms, in particular to a test platform for simulating tunnel lining catastrophe characteristics under the action of a real fire.
Background
At present, the scale of construction and operation of important tunnel engineering in China leaps the first in the world, and tunnel safety becomes a problem of key attention in academic circles and engineering circles. The tunnel space is long and narrow and limited, the heat release rate of the fire disaster is large, the temperature is high, the heating speed is high, in the past two decades, many very serious tunnel fire accidents occur in the world, serious casualties and property loss are caused, large-area collapse and damage also occur to the tunnel, and the striking Bomb peak tunnel fire, the Switzerland tunnel fire, the British submarine tunnel fire and the like all leave deep impression and training for people. At present, the thermal physical characteristics and structural changes of lining segments are generally carried out under the standard temperature rise condition under the high temperature of a fire, and the thermal environment of the fire of a real tunnel cannot be simulated; in addition, under the long-term action of service environment conditions, the performance degradation and deterioration of the tunnel lining segment can also seriously affect the response characteristics of the lining segment to the thermal environment, so that the fire safety problem of the long-term service tunnel lining structure which is degraded and deteriorated becomes a key scientific problem in the aspect of tunnel safety. The shield tunnel segment lining applied by Tianjin university receives the application number of a loading experimental device with high-temperature combined load effect: 201610777238.4, mainly comprising a base, n external pressure loading distribution beams, n x m hydraulic jacks, n x m bearing plates and a ring electric heating furnace, wherein the ring electric heating furnace is arranged on the base, and the tested shield tunnel pipe ring is arranged between the ring electric heating furnace and the loading test device; the n external pressure loading distribution beams are evenly anchored on the circumference concentric with the annular electric heating furnace on the base, m hydraulic jacks are vertically arranged on each external pressure loading distribution beam, a bearing plate is arranged at the other end of each jack, the jacks and the bearing plates are connected through spherical hinge supports, and the n bearing plates at the same horizontal position form an annular shape and have the same outline as the test shield pipe ring. The experimental device can only develop the structural change characteristic of the tunnel lining segment under the standard temperature rise condition, can not simulate the fire hazard thermal environment of a real tunnel, and can not quantitatively evaluate the response characteristic of the degraded lining segment to the fire hazard thermal environment, so that a test platform for simulating the tunnel lining catastrophe characteristic under the action of a real fire disaster is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a tunnel lining catastrophe characteristic test platform under the effect of simulating real fire comprises a longitudinal ventilation system, a tunnel main body, a tunnel lining load loading system, an exhaust purification system and an electrochemical corrosion experiment device, wherein the longitudinal ventilation system comprises an insect-mouse prevention net, a fan and an air pipe grid, the insect-mouse prevention net, the fan and the air pipe grid are sequentially arranged from left to right, one end of the air pipe grid is connected with the fan, and the other end of the air pipe grid is used for being connected into an experiment tunnel;
the tunnel main body is divided into a lining load loading area and a non-load loading area, the lining load loading area is designed by adopting a brick-concrete structure, and the non-load loading area is of a reinforced concrete structure;
the tunnel lining load loading system is arranged above the lining load loading area and comprises a test segment, a loading system and a force transducer hydraulic jack, wherein the loading system is arranged above the test segment, a combustor is arranged below the test segment, and a control cabinet is arranged outside the tunnel lining load loading system;
the exhaust purification system comprises a smoke collecting hood, one end of the smoke collecting hood is connected with the experimental tunnel chamber, and the other end of the smoke collecting hood is connected with a smoke purification and exhaust device;
the electrochemical corrosion experimental device comprises a power supply module, a control module, a signal acquisition device and a segment test corrosion groove, wherein a thermocouple is arranged in the segment test corrosion groove, the thermocouple is arranged on a test segment, the power supply module is used for providing electric energy for the control module and the signal acquisition device, and the control module is electrically connected with the segment test corrosion groove. The invention adopts the combination of the structures of a longitudinal ventilation system, a tunnel main body, a tunnel lining load loading system, an exhaust purification system, an electrochemical corrosion experimental device and the like, can simulate real fire thermal environments under different conditions by utilizing the tunnel main body, realizes lining segment load loading by utilizing the tunnel lining load loading system, and collects, purifies and discharges smoke by utilizing the exhaust purification system.
Furthermore, the loading system adopts a PID control technology to regulate and control the force application mechanism, so that the loading of the load on the lining segment can be realized under the real fire condition.
Furthermore, the force measuring sensor hydraulic jacks are arranged in two groups and are arranged in a symmetrical structure relative to the test duct piece.
Further, the fan is a variable frequency axial flow fan.
Further, gas cleaning and exhaust apparatus includes flue gas analyzer and gas cleaning ware, the flue gas analyzer is used for monitoring and the analysis to the gas composition, gas cleaning ware is used for the purification of flue gas.
Furthermore, the longitudinal ventilation system, the tunnel main body and the exhaust purification system are sequentially arranged end to end, so that the real fire thermal environment under the action of different longitudinal wind speeds can be simulated.
Further, the lining load-bearing zone is disposed over the center of the tunnel body.
Furthermore, the burners are provided with a plurality of groups which are arranged in a linear structure and have uniform intervals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the invention, through the longitudinal ventilation system, the tunnel main body, the tunnel lining load loading system and the exhaust purification system, the electrochemical corrosion experiment device can realize the test of the tunnel lining catastrophe characteristics under the multiple actions of real fire, deterioration and load, the development process of the tunnel fire can be recorded in real time in the experiment process, and the catastrophe characteristics such as the temperature field in the lining, the steam pressure distribution of the lining, the mechanical behavior response and the like are obtained. The invention provides a platform for simulating tunnel lining catastrophe characteristics under the action of a real fire, which can simulate real fire thermal environments of different fire source types, solid, liquid, gas, transverse positions of different fire source positions, longitudinal positions and fire source heights under different longitudinal ventilation conditions, segment test pieces with different degradation degrees are manufactured by utilizing a large-scale carbonization box and an electrochemical corrosion experiment device, a loading experiment device is comprehensively adopted to load tunnel lining segments, tunnel lining catastrophe characteristics under multiple actions of real fire, degradation and load are quantitatively tested and analyzed, the tunnel fire development process is recorded in real time, catastrophe characteristics such as a lining internal temperature field, lining steam pressure distribution, mechanical behavior response and the like are obtained, and the damage and destruction rules of tunnel lining under the real fire thermal environments are quantitatively evaluated. The tunnel lining process under the fire thermal environment cannot be truly simulated in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel lining catastrophe characteristic testing platform for simulating the action of a real fire according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a longitudinal ventilation system;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an exhaust gas purification system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a tunnel lining load loading system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical corrosion experimental apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of thermocouple placement sites in a tunnel and lining segment;
FIG. 7 is a first schematic structural view of thermocouple placement sites;
FIG. 8 is a second schematic diagram of the thermocouple placement sites.
As shown in the figure: 1. longitudinal ventilation system, 2, tunnel main body, 3, tunnel lining load loading system, 4, exhaust purification system, 5, electrochemical corrosion experimental apparatus, 6, protection against insects and mice net, 7, fan, 8, tuber pipe grid, 9, experimental section of jurisdiction, 10, loading system, 11, force cell sensor hydraulic jack, 12, collection petticoat pipe, 13, flue gas purification and exhaust apparatus, 14, power module, 15, control module, 16, signal acquisition device, 17, section of jurisdiction experimental corrosion groove, 18, combustor, 19, switch board, 20 thermocouple.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a tunnel lining catastrophe characteristic test platform under the action of a simulated real fire, which comprises a longitudinal ventilation system 1, a tunnel main body 2, a tunnel lining load loading system 3, an exhaust purification system 4 and an electrochemical corrosion experiment device 5, wherein the longitudinal ventilation system 1 comprises an insect-mouse prevention net 6, a fan 7 and an air duct grid 8, the insect-mouse prevention net 6, the fan 7 and the air duct grid 8 are sequentially arranged from left to right, one end of the air duct grid 8 is connected with the fan 7, and the other end of the air duct grid 8 is used for being connected into an experiment tunnel;
the tunnel main body 2 is divided into a lining load loading area and a non-load loading area, the lining load loading area is designed by adopting a brick-concrete structure, and the non-load loading area is of a reinforced concrete structure;
the tunnel lining load loading system 3 is arranged above the lining load loading area, the tunnel lining load loading system 3 comprises a test duct piece 9, a loading system 10 and a force transducer hydraulic jack 11, the loading system 10 is arranged above the test duct piece 9, a combustor 18 is arranged below the test duct piece 9, and a control cabinet 19 is arranged outside the tunnel lining load loading system 3;
the exhaust purification system 4 comprises a fume collecting hood 12, one end of the fume collecting hood 12 is connected with the experimental tunnel chamber, and the other end of the fume collecting hood 12 is connected with a fume purification and exhaust device 13;
electrochemical corrosion experimental apparatus 5 includes power module 14, control module 15, signal pickup assembly 16 and the experimental corrosion groove 17 of section of jurisdiction, be equipped with thermocouple 20 in the experimental corrosion groove 17 of section of jurisdiction, thermocouple 20 sets up on experimental section of jurisdiction 9, power module 14 is used for providing the electric energy for control module 15 and signal pickup assembly 16, electric connection between control module 15 and the experimental corrosion groove 17 of section of jurisdiction.
The loading system 10 employs a PID control technique to regulate the force application mechanism. The force measuring sensor hydraulic jacks 11 are arranged in two groups and are arranged in a symmetrical structure relative to the test segment 9. The fan 7 is a variable frequency axial flow fan. Flue gas purification and exhaust apparatus 13 includes flue gas analyzer and flue gas purifier, flue gas analyzer is used for monitoring and analyzing the flue gas composition, flue gas purifier is used for the purification of flue gas. The longitudinal ventilation system 1, the tunnel main body 2 and the exhaust purification system 4 are arranged end to end in sequence. The lining load-bearing zone is disposed over the center of the tunnel body 2. The burners 18 are arranged in groups and arranged in a linear structure with uniform spacing.
The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows: the invention comprises the following steps when in use: presetting tunnel lining segments, carbonizing the tunnel lining segments by using a large-scale carbonization box, and then manufacturing the tunnel lining segments with different degradation degrees by adjusting the electrifying time and the electrifying current by using an electrochemical corrosion experimental device;
placing a test segment 9 in a load loading area of the tunnel main body 2, and fixing a lining segment by using a hydraulic jack 11; 2, debugging the data acquisition system to ensure the normal operation of the data acquisition system; 3, selecting a proper fire source position and a proper fire source type according to experimental requirements, and igniting; adjusting the variable-frequency axial flow fan 7 to enable the longitudinal ventilation air speed to reach a specified value; opening the exhaust gas purification system 4; 4, starting a tunnel lining load loading system 3, and adjusting the load to reach a specified value; 5, recording the fire development process of the tunnel in real time by using a data acquisition system, and acquiring catastrophe characteristic parameters such as a lining internal temperature field, lining steam pressure distribution, mechanical behavior response and the like; 6 after the experiment is finished, releasing the loading load of the tunnel lining, and closing the loading system 3 of the tunnel lining; closing the longitudinal ventilation system 1 and the exhaust purification system 4 and extinguishing the fire source; according to experimental data analysis, tunnel lining catastrophe characteristics under multiple actions of real fire, deterioration and load are quantitatively analyzed, and damage rules of the tunnel lining under the thermal environment of the real fire are quantitatively evaluated.
According to the invention, through the longitudinal ventilation system, the tunnel main body, the tunnel lining load loading system and the exhaust purification system, the electrochemical corrosion experiment device can realize the test of the tunnel lining catastrophe characteristics under the multiple actions of real fire, deterioration and load, the development process of the tunnel fire can be recorded in real time in the experiment process, and the catastrophe characteristics such as the temperature field in the lining, the steam pressure distribution of the lining, the mechanical behavior response and the like are obtained.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above, and the description is not intended to be limiting, and the drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
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| CN112113741B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-05-18 | 中国矿业大学 | A method and experimental system for simulating roadway fire smoke by using water vapor |
| CN112683690A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-20 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Fire damage testing device for shield tunnel segment structure under bearing state |
| CN113009067B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2022-01-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Tunnel structure multi-dimensional space loading fire test system and implementation method thereof |
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