CN111101486B

CN111101486B - Small and medium-sized barrage water retaining gates for sandy rivers in mountainous areas

Info

Publication number: CN111101486B
Application number: CN201911377967.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈辉; 李世恩; 姚莉; 陈柏全; 石莎; 柏皓; 邱世勋; 张思聪
Original assignee: Nanchang Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Fujian Institute Of Water Resources And Hydropower Research; Nanchang Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2019-12-27
Filing date: 2019-12-27
Publication date: 2021-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-27
Also published as: CN111101486A

Abstract

The invention discloses a small and medium-sized weir dam water-retaining gate for sandy rivers in mountainous areas, which is installed at the upstream entrance of a sand discharge hole and includes a track device arranged on the dam body. The track device includes a pulley track frame, a sliding wheel group, Track and support structure, the pulley track frame is provided with a sliding wheel group, the sliding wheel group is connected with the support structure, the support structure is fixedly connected with the water blocking gate, and a buoy is installed on the water blocking gate; as the water level of the dam body changes, the buoy It changes with the water level, thereby driving the water retaining gate to change, and the water retaining gate changes the discharge flow by blocking the water passage of the sand discharge hole. The invention provides a small and medium-sized weir water retaining gate for sandy rivers in mountainous areas. The gate can change the gate opening with the change of the water level, thereby controlling the flow of water discharged from the sand discharge hole. The facility is economical and simple and easy to operate.

Description

Retaining gate for small and medium-sized barrage of mountainous area sandy river

Technical Field

The invention relates to a retaining gate of a medium and small barrage in a mountainous area sandy river, belonging to the field of water engineering.

Background

In order to provide agricultural water, domestic water and the like, medium and small barrages are often constructed in mountainous rivers to block and store water flow. For sandy rivers, a sand discharge hole is usually arranged on a medium-sized and small-sized weir dam, and the sand discharge hole is generally arranged at the lower part of a dam body for facilitating sand discharge. In the full-water period, the sand discharge holes are completely opened, and flood is discharged while the sand discharge holes discharge sand; during the leveling period, the sand discharging holes can discharge sand and water to ensure that the reservoir has relatively stable water level; during the dry season, the drainage rivers of arranging the sand hole will make reservoir water level sharply descend, influence the service function of weir dam, do not have obvious improvement effect to low reaches river course cutout risk simultaneously.

The traditional sand discharge hole gate needs manual operation for opening and closing, which is not beneficial to the management of small and medium barrages in mountainous rivers; the newly-built electric power automation control gate needs to solve the problems of matching facilities such as grid connection, power supply and the like at the same time, has large investment and is not beneficial to maintenance. Therefore, aiming at the sand discharge hole of the small and medium-sized barrage of the sandy river in the mountainous area, the sand discharge hole water retaining gate which is simple in structure and can automatically run by means of mechanical movement needs to be provided, and meanwhile, the gate can effectively prolong the water supply time and the downstream water discharge time of the small and medium-sized barrage of the sandy river in the mountainous area.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the water retaining gate of the medium and small barrage in the sandy river in the mountainous area, the gate can change the opening degree of the gate along with the change of the water level so as to control the downward flow of the sand discharging hole, and the device is economical and simple and is convenient to operate.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problem, the water retaining gate of the small and medium-sized barrage of the mountainous area sandy river is arranged at the position of an upstream inlet of a sand discharge hole and comprises a track device arranged on a dam body, wherein the track device comprises a pulley track frame, a sliding wheel set, a track and a supporting structure, the sliding wheel set is arranged in the pulley track frame and is connected with the supporting structure, the supporting structure is fixedly connected with the water retaining gate, and a buoy is arranged on the water retaining gate; along with the change of the water level of the dam body, the buoy changes along with the water level, so that the water retaining gate is driven to change, and the water retaining gate changes the downward discharge quantity by blocking the water passing section of the sand discharge hole.

Preferably, a square hole is formed in the water retaining gate, a built-in gate is installed in the square hole, the built-in gate is fixedly connected with a lifting rod, the lifting rod penetrates through the water retaining gate, and a fixing bolt is arranged on the lifting rod and fixed on the water retaining gate through the fixing bolt.

Preferably, the built-in gate comprises an upper wedge-shaped plate and a lower wedge-shaped plate, the upper wedge-shaped plate is connected with the through gate lifting rod, and the lower wedge-shaped plate is fixed at the bottom of the square hole of the water retaining gate.

Preferably, the rail device is provided with a limiting device, the limiting device comprises a limiting pile, a limiting pile sliding rail and a limiting bolt, the limiting pile sliding rail is fixedly connected with the pulley rail frame, the limiting pile sliding rail is provided with a waist-shaped groove, the limiting pile is fixed through the limiting bolt penetrating through the waist-shaped groove, the height of the limiting pile is adjusted through the limiting bolt, the bottom of the limiting pile abuts against the water retaining gate, and therefore the movable highest point position of the water retaining gate is limited.

Preferably, scales are arranged on two sides of the pulley rail frame.

The top elevation of the lower wedge plate is equal to the reservoir dead water level.

The effective opening of the sand discharge hole is gradually reduced along with the reduction of the water level, the downward discharge flow is reduced, and the water supply time is prolonged; meanwhile, the drainage channel is always positioned at the bottom, and effective discharge of silt is guaranteed. The height of the wedge-shaped plate on the built-in gate is adjusted, the area of the water passing section of the middle square hole of the gate is changed, and the lower discharge capacity of the reservoir is further controlled.

Has the advantages that: the water retaining gate for the medium and small barrage of the mountainous area sandy river prolongs the draining time of the sand draining hole, improves the service efficiency of the sand draining hole and reduces sediment accumulation in a reservoir area; meanwhile, the water supply time of the medium and small barrage of the sandy river in the mountainous area can be effectively prolonged, and the device has the characteristics of ingenious structure, automatic regulation, simple management and maintenance and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the water gate of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a track structure.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the gate structure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the gate (a is a schematic view of a closed state of the built-in gate, and b is a structural view of the inside of the water gate).

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a limiting structure (a is a side view, and b is a front view).

FIG. 6 flow vs. time curves.

In fig. 1-5, a limiting structure 1, a track structure 2, a gate structure 3, a dam 4, a pulley track frame 5, a sliding wheel set 6, a track 7, a supporting structure 8, a lifting rod 9, a fixing bolt 10, an upper wedge-shaped plate 11, a lower wedge-shaped plate 12, a water gate 13, a buoy 14, a limiting pile 15, a limiting pile sliding track 16, a limiting bolt 17, and a layout scale 18.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the water gate of a small and medium-sized barrage in a sandy river in a mountainous area of the invention comprises: a limiting structure 1, a track structure 2 and a gate structure 3 (as shown in figure 1). The track structure 2 comprises a pulley track frame 5, a sliding wheel set 6, a track 7, a support structure 8 and a graduated scale 18 (shown in fig. 2). The gate structure 3 comprises a water retaining gate 13, a built-in gate, a lifting rod 9, a fixing bolt 10 and a buoy 14 (shown in figures 3 and 4). The limiting structure 1 comprises a limiting pile 15, a limiting pile sliding track 16 and a limiting bolt 17 (as shown in fig. 5). The limiting pile sliding rail 16 is fixed above the pulley rail frame 5 of the rail structure, the limiting pile 15 can move up and down along the limiting pile sliding rail 16 and is fixed through a limiting bolt 17, and graduated scales 18 are arranged on two sides of the pulley rail frame 5. The track structure 2 is fixed in dam bodies 4 on two sides of a weir dam sand discharge hole, the sliding wheel set 6 can slide up and down on the pulley track frame 5 and is fixedly connected with the water retaining gate 13 through the supporting structure 8, and the buoy 14 is connected below the water retaining gate 13.

In the invention, a square hole is arranged in the middle of the water retaining gate 13, the square hole can be communicated with a sand discharge hole, and the sand discharge hole is a round hole, as shown in figure 1. The water retaining gate 13 is hollow above the square hole and is provided with a built-in gate. The built-in gate consists of an upper wedge plate 11 and a lower wedge plate 12, wherein the upper wedge plate 11 is connected with a lifting rod 9 penetrating through the gate and is fixed in position through a fixing bolt 10; the lower wedge-shaped plate 12 is fixed at the bottom of the hollow space of the water retaining gate; the wedges of the upper and lower wedge plates may vertically intersect and fit together (see figures 3 and 4).

In the invention, the gate can float upwards under the action of the full buoyancy of the buoy 14.

In the invention, the limiting pile sliding track 16 is a cuboid frame, a circular groove is dug in one side of the limiting pile sliding track, a vertical seam is vertically arranged in the middle of the other side of the limiting pile sliding track, and the vertical seam is a kidney-shaped hole; the limiting pile 15 is of a semi-cylindrical structure, and a limiting bolt 17 penetrating through the limiting pile passes through a vertical seam of a sliding rail 16 of the limiting pile (as shown in figure 5).

The working principle of the retaining gate of the medium and small barrage of the sandy river in the mountainous area is as follows: the illustration is a weir provided with spillways and drainage holes, as shown in figure 1. Correspondingly forming holes in the dam body, and sequentially installing a track structure, a gate structure and a limiting structure; adjusting the height of a limiting pile in the limiting structure to a designed water level position and then fixing; and adjusting the height of the wedge-shaped plate on the internal gate to ensure that the upper wedge-shaped plate is positioned at the highest position and fixed and the opening of the internal gate is fully opened.

When the water is full, the upstream incoming flow is large, the gate structure is lifted to the designed water level height under the buoyancy effect of the buoy, the sand discharge holes are all opened, and the downward discharge flow is maximum at the moment. During the leveling period, the upstream incoming flow is gradually reduced, when the incoming flow is smaller than the lower discharge flow, the water level of the reservoir is reduced, the elevation of the gate structure is reduced, the water passing section of the sand discharge hole is shielded, the effective water passing section of the sand discharge hole is reduced, the lower discharge flow of the adjusted sand discharge hole is equal to the incoming flow, and the water level of the reservoir is maintained at a relatively stable elevation at the moment. When the water is in a dry period, the incoming flow is continuously reduced, the water level of the reservoir area is continuously reduced, the structural elevation of the gate is reduced, the effective water passing area of the sand discharge hole is correspondingly reduced, the drainage flow is gradually reduced until the gate falls to the lowest position, and at the moment, water is discharged through the space through which the square hole of the water retaining gate and the opening of the built-in gate penetrate. When the water level is lower than the top elevation of the lower wedge plate (dead water level), the drainage is stopped.

In a special period, when the water storage and downstream water drainage time of the reservoir needs to be further prolonged, the height of the limiting pile can be reduced to a proper height; or the height of the limiting pile is reduced to enable the gate to be at the lowest elevation, the height of the lifting rod is changed to enable the built-in gate to be at a proper opening degree, and the purposes of reducing the discharge flow, prolonging the water storage of the reservoir and prolonging the water discharge time to the downstream are achieved.

As shown in fig. 6, an incoming flow rate versus time curve a; a curve B of the discharge quantity of the sand discharge hole to the time is formed; the elevation of the bottom of the limiting pile is a designed water level, and the drainage flow of the sand discharging hole is compared with a time curve C; the water retaining gate is completely closed, the built-in gate is partially opened, and the sand discharging hole is opened to discharge the flow-time curve D. Through changing the height of the limiting pile and the opening degree of the built-in gate, various water drainage schemes can be realized. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the incoming flow rate and the time-lapse flow rate of the downward discharge flow rate (assuming that the surface of the weir dam can overflow), and it can be seen from the graph that, after the water retaining gate of the present invention is installed, the downward discharge flow rate of the sand discharge hole is smaller than the downward discharge flow rate of the water retaining gate in the water retaining period of the reservoir and a period of time after the flood, the water retaining time is shortened (the time required for reaching the design water level), and the time for reaching the dead water level is lengthened; the water retaining gate is closed, and the built-in gate is opened, so that the discharge flow can be further reduced, and the water supply time and the water flow discharge time of the reservoir can be prolonged. Therefore, the drainage time of the sand discharge hole is prolonged through the automatic scheduling of the gate, on one hand, the use efficiency of the sand discharge hole is improved, and the sediment deposition in a reservoir area is reduced; on the other hand, the water supply time and the downstream water drainage time of the medium and small barrage of the sandy river in the mountainous area can be effectively prolonged, the function guarantee rate of the barrage is improved, the cutoff probability of the downstream river channel is reduced, and the ecological safety of the downstream river channel is guaranteed to a certain extent.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. a small and medium-sized weir dam water-retaining sluice gate in a mountainous area with sandy rivers, is installed in the upstream inlet position of the sand discharge hole, it is characterized in that: comprise the track device that is arranged on the dam body, and the track device comprises a pulley track frame, a sliding wheel The pulley track frame is provided with a sliding wheel group, the sliding wheel group is connected with the support structure, the support structure is fixedly connected with the water retaining gate, and a buoy is installed on the retaining gate; as the water level of the dam body changes , the buoy changes with the water level, thereby driving the water retaining gate to change. The water retaining gate changes the discharge flow by blocking the water passage of the sand discharge hole. The water retaining gate is provided with a square hole, and a built-in The gate, the built-in gate is fixedly connected with the lifting rod, the lifting rod passes through the water blocking gate, and the lifting rod is provided with fixing bolts, which are fixed on the water blocking gate by the fixing bolts; The positioning device includes a limit pile, a limit pile sliding track and a limit bolt. The limit pile sliding track is fixedly connected with the pulley track frame. The limit pile sliding track is provided with a waist-shaped groove, and the limit pile passes through the waist-shaped groove. The limit bolt of the groove is fixed, the height of the limit pile is adjusted through the limit bolt, and the bottom of the limit pile is used to hold the water retaining gate, thereby limiting the movable highest position of the water retaining gate.

2. The small and medium-sized weir and dam water-retaining gates of sandy rivers in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: the built-in gate comprises an upper wedge-shaped plate and a lower wedge-shaped plate, and the upper wedge-shaped plate and the wedge-shaped plate that penetrates the water retaining gate. The lifting rod is connected, and the lower wedge-shaped plate is fixed at the bottom of the square hole of the water retaining gate.

3 . The small and medium-sized weir and dam water-retaining gates for sandy rivers in mountainous areas according to claim 1 , wherein scales are arranged on both sides of the pulley track frame. 4 .

4. The small and medium-sized weir and dam water-retaining gates for sandy rivers in mountainous areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: the elevation of the top of the lower wedge-shaped plate is equal to the dead water level of the reservoir.