CN111072582B - 一种n-羟基芳杂环-2-甲酰胺化合物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
一种n-羟基芳杂环-2-甲酰胺化合物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- 102000010126 acid sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase activity proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
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- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 claims 2
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- 125000004180 3-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(F)=C1[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004800 4-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Br 0.000 claims 1
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- MDFWUVGMSOBSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N COc1ccc(cc1)C(=O)n1ncnc1N Chemical compound COc1ccc(cc1)C(=O)n1ncnc1N MDFWUVGMSOBSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D261/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings
- C07D261/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D261/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D261/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D261/18—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
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Abstract
本发明属于药物化学领域,具体涉及一种N‑羟基芳杂环‑2‑甲酰胺化合物及其制备方法和用途。本发明提供的该类化合物具体结构为式I所示.本发明还提供了式I中化合物的合成方法及其对酸性鞘磷脂酶的抑制活性。该类化合物可用于开发治疗动脉粥样硬化(AS)、糖尿病、肺气肿、肺水肿、肺部纤维化、囊性纤维化、慢阻肺、肺动脉高压、非酒精性脂肪肝、阿尔兹海默(AD)、多发性硬化症(MS)、脑卒中、抑郁症相关药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,具体涉及式I所示的化合物、其制备方法及其在相关疾病中的应用。
背景技术
神经酰胺是一种重要的第二信使,在信号转导过程中发挥重要作用,参与多种细胞功能,如调节细胞生长、增殖、变异,引起细胞凋亡,调节蛋白质分泌,参与免疫过程及炎症反应等作用(Progress in Lipid Research,2016,61:51-62)。
由酸性鞘磷脂酶水解鞘磷脂是体内生成神经酰胺最快最直接的途径。迄今为止,已发现多种内源性和外源性的因子包括肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-β(IL-β)、干扰素-γ等,以及氧化应激、离子辐射、紫外线照射、热撞击、创伤、细菌感染和化学试剂等均可以激活酸性鞘磷脂酶,导致神经酰胺的大量生成和聚集。神经酰胺水平升高后,一方面自身可以作为脂质信号分子参与体内信号转导,另一方面在细胞膜聚集,形成脂质信号平台,参与细胞内外的信号转运和物质传递(FEBS Lett,2010,584(9):1728-1740)。
大量研究表明,酸性鞘磷脂酶-神经酰胺通路参与体内炎症、细胞凋亡和氧化应激等过程,与多种疾病的发生发展密切相关(Progress in Lipid Research,2016,61:51-62;Apoptosis,2015,20:607-620)。目前已发现酸性鞘磷脂酶参与的疾病包括动脉粥样硬化(AS),糖尿病,肺气肿,肺水肿,肺部纤维化及囊性纤维化(CF),非酒精性脂肪肝,阿尔兹海默(AD),多发性硬化症(MS),抑郁症等(The FASEB Journal,2008,22:3419-3431;Biol.Chem.2015,396:707-736)。
通过抑制酸性鞘磷脂酶,使神经酰胺恢复正常水平,能够有效地缓解相关疾病的病症。但是已报道的酸性鞘磷脂酶直接抑制剂只有底物类似物,二磷酸酯类,3,5-二磷酸肌醇类以及少数的天然产物类。已报到的抑制剂具有选择性差,对类药性差、磷酸酯酶稳定性差、透膜能力差等缺陷,不能应用到相关疾病的药物开发中(Cell Physiol.Biochem.2010,26:01-08)。
因此,酸性鞘磷脂酶是一个潜在的治疗靶点,目前亟需开发新型的抑制剂用于开发治疗相关疾病的候选药物。
发明内容
本发明提供了作为新型酸性鞘磷脂酶直接抑制剂的化合物,制备方法及其在医药中的应用。
本发明提供的化合物如式I所示:
式I中,Ar为芳香环,选择苯、吡啶、哒嗪、吡嗪、嘧啶;R1为芳环上单取代基或双取代基,选自C4-C8直链烷基或支链烷基,芳基、杂环基、-CH2OR2、-CH2N(R3)R2、-CH2CH2R2、-CH2SR2、-OR2、-N(R3)R2;n=0-3。
X,Y,Z,各自相同或不相同,分别选自C、N、O、S中的一种形成不饱和五元杂环,选自恶唑、异恶唑、恶二唑、咪唑、吡唑、噻唑、异噻唑、吡咯、呋喃、噻吩。
其中R代表的芳基选自苯基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基。
其中R代表的杂环基指含有从氧、氮、硫原子中任选一个或一个以上的杂原子的芳香五元或六元杂环。所述杂环基为无取代或单取代,取代基选自苯基、C3-C8的直链或支链烷基、C3-C6的环烷基、OR2。
其中所述取代基苯基为无取代、单取代或双取代,取代基选自F、Cl、Br、CF3、CN、C3-C8的直链或支链烷基、C3-C6的环烷基、OR1。
其中所述取代基中的R2选自H、C1-C4的直链或支链烷基、C3-C6的环烷基、苯基、苄基;R3选自H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、环丙基。
本发明所用术语烷烃基包括饱和烷基和不饱和烷基。
本发明另一个目的是提供式I所示的化合物的制备方法:
式I所示化合物的合成方法如下:
由中间体1与草酰氯单乙酯经过酰化后在三氯氧磷溶剂中加热反应得到中间体2;中间体3和4在碱性条件下,与溶剂中反应后升温,得到中间体5;中间体6与盐酸羟胺或盐酸肼在溶剂中升温环化得到中间体7;最后中间体2、5或7在羟胺钾的甲醇溶液中胺解得到目标化合物。
本发明的又一目的是提供了上述化合物作为酸性鞘磷脂酶抑制剂的应用。
本发明的又一目的提供上述酸性鞘磷脂酶抑制剂或其药学上可以接受的盐、酯或前药在制备治疗相关疾病中的应用,包括治疗动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、肺气肿、肺水肿、肺部纤维化、囊性纤维化、慢阻肺、肺动脉高压、非酒精性脂肪肝、阿尔兹海默、多发性硬化症、脑卒中、抑郁症。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例对本发明作进一步阐述,但是本发明不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1 本发明部分化合物合成。
5-(4′-氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1,3,4-恶二唑-2-羧酸乙酯的制备
将原料100mg(0.41mmol)加入到茄形瓶中,加入10mL二氯甲烷和三乙胺(41mg,0.41mmol),随后滴加草酰氯单乙酯(46mg,0.41mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液,滴加完毕后室温搅拌5min。反应完毕后将反应液旋蒸除去溶剂,加入3mL三氯氧磷溶解,升温至回流反应2h后,冷却至室温后将反应液旋干,加入50mL乙酸乙酯溶解,用碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤2次,食盐水洗涤1次,无水硫酸钠干燥,柱层析纯化,得到68mg目标化合物,收率51%,产物为白色固体,M.P.187-189℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ8.26-8.23(m,2H),7.75-7.72(m,2H),7.60-7.57(m,2H),7.48-7.45(m,2H),4.57(q,J=7.20Hz),2H),1.50(t,J=6.90Hz,3H);ESI-MS m/z:329.1[M+H]+。
5-(4′-氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-N-羟基-1,3,4-恶二唑-2-甲酰胺的制备(I-1)
将原料100mg(0.305mmol)用2mL甲醇溶解,加入2mL 1.76M的羟胺钾的甲醇溶液,氮气保护下室温搅拌6h,加入15%HCl水溶液调至酸性,析出终产物63mg,收率65.6%。M.P.208-209℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.13(s,1H),9.87(s,1H),8.28-8.25(m,2H),8.08-8.05(m,2H),7.94-7.91(m,2H),7.70-7.67(m,2H);ESI-MS m/z:316.1[M+H]+。
N-羟基-5-(4-异丁氧基苯基)-1,3,4-恶二唑-2-甲酰胺(I-2)
参照I-1的合成方法,得到白色固体61mg,收率63.9%,M.P.177-178℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.09(s,1H),9.70(s,1H),8.00-7.97(m,2H),7.16-7.13(m,2H),3.84(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.07-1.98(m,1H),0.99-0.96(m,6H);ESI-MS m/z:278.2[M+H]+。
5-(4-(苄氧基)-3-甲氧基苯基)-N-羟基-1,3,4-恶二唑-2-甲酰胺(I-3)
参照I-1的合成方法,得到白色固体49mg,收率50.9%,M.P.180-181℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.16(s,1H),9.75(s,1H),7.67-7.65(m,1H),7.59(m,1H),7.49-7.29(m,6H),5.21(s,2H),3.89(s,3H);13C-NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6):δ165.19,157.50,151.81,149.82,136.83,128.96,128.55,128.46,121.11,115.57,113.91,110.18,70.43,56.21;ESI-MS m/z:342.1[M+H]+。
5-(4-丁氧基-3-甲氧基苯基)-N-羟基-1,3,4-恶二唑-2-甲酰胺(I-4)
参照I-1的合成方法,得到白色固体56mg,收率58.4%,M.P.178-179℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ11.99(s,1H),9.59(s,1H),7.53-7.50(m,1H),7.42(m,1H),7.08-7.05(m,1H),3.94(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),3.74(s,3H),1.63-1.58(m,2H),1.35-1.28(m.2H),0.81(t,J=6.0Hz,3H);13C-NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6):δ165.24,157.47,152.27,151.27,149.66,121.25,115.12,113.33,110.13,68.52,56.22,31.07,19.16,14.12;ESI-MS m/z:308.2[M+H]+。
3-(4-(4-氯苯氧基)甲基)苯基-N-羟基-1,2,4-恶二唑-5-甲酰胺(I-5)
将原料用四氢呋喃溶解,加入三乙胺,随后冰浴下滴加草酰氯单乙酯的四氢呋喃溶液,滴加完毕后室温搅拌5min,过滤除去固体,滤液升温至回流,反应4小时候得到1,2,4-恶二唑环化中间体,随后采用与I-1相同的合成方法,得白色固体产物,收率54%,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.30(s,1H),9.89(s,1H),8.08-8.06(m,2H),7.68-7.65(m,2H),7.36-7.33(m,2H),7.08-7.05(m,2H),5.22(s,2H);ESI-MS m/z:346.1[M+H]+。
3-(4-(3-氯苯氧基)甲基)苯基-N-羟基-1,2,4-恶二唑-5-甲酰胺(I-6)
参照I-5的合成方法,得到白色固体产物,收率42%,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.04(s,1H),9.92(s,1H),8.09-8.07(m,2H),7.69-7.66(m,2H),7.33(m,1H),7.14(m,1H),7.03(m,1H),5.25(s,2H);ESI-MS m/z:346.1[M+H]+。
3-(4-(2-氯苯氧基)甲基)苯基-N-羟基-1,2,4-恶二唑-5-甲酰胺(I-7)
参照I-5的合成方法,得到白色固体产物,收率60%,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.32(s,1H),9.95(s,1H),8.11-8.08(m,2H),7.77-7.69(m,2H),7.40(m,1H),7.34-7.23(m,2H),6.99(m,1H),5.33(s,2H);ESI-MS m/z:346.1[M+H]+。
3-(4-(2-氟苯氧基)甲基)苯基-N-羟基-1,2,4-恶二唑-5-甲酰胺(I-8)
参照I-5的合成方法,得到白色固体产物,收率68%,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.30(s,1H),9.93(s,1H),8.11-8.03(m,2H),7.72-7.69(m,2H),7.39(m,1H),7.34-7.23(m,2H),6.98(m,1H),5.32(s,2H);ESI-MS m/z:330.1[M+H]+。
3-(4-(2-氯苯氧基)甲基)苯基-N-羟基-1,2,4-恶二唑-5-甲酰胺(I-9)
参照I-5的合成方法,得到白色固体产物,收率54%,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.33(s,1H),9.95(s,1H),8.16-8.09(m,2H),7.78-7.70(m,2H),7.42(m,1H),7.29-7.21(m,2H),6.90(m,1H),5.32(s,2H);ESI-MS m/z:380.1[M+H]+。
5-(4-(苄氧基)苯基)异恶唑-3-甲酸乙酯的制备
取原料100mg(0.336mmol),加入2mL无水乙醇溶解,随后加入盐酸羟胺(23mg,0.336mmol)并升温至回流,反应2h后冷却至室温,向反应液中加入5mL水并用30mL乙酸乙酯分三次萃取,合并有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥。得白色固体68mg,收率74.6%,M.P.121-123℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ7.76-7.73(m,2H),7.45-7.32(m,1H),7.05-7.05(m,2H),6.80(s,1H),4.56(q,J=7.20Hz,2H),1.44(t,J=7.20Hz,3H);ESI-MS m/z:324.1[M+H]+。
5-(4-(苄氧基)苯基)-N-羟基异-3-甲酰胺的制备(I-10)
将原料100mg(0.310mmol)用2mL甲醇溶解,加入2mL 1.76M的羟胺钾的甲醇溶液,氮气保护下室温搅拌6h,加入15%HCl水溶液调至酸性,析出终产物白色固体54mg,收率56.3%,M.P.186-188℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ11.55(s,1H),9.41(s,1H),7.88-7.85(m,2H),7.49-7.35(m,5H),7.20-7.17(m,3H),5.21(s,2H);ESI-MS m/z:311.1[M+H]+。
N-羟基-5-(4-异丁氧基苯基)异恶唑-3-甲酰胺(I-11)
参照I-5的合成方法,得到白色固体62mg,收率64.9%,M.P.158-159℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ11.39(s,1H),9.25(s,1H),7.72-7.69(m,2H),7.04-6.95(m,3H),3.70(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),1.95-1.86(m,1H),0.87-0.85(m,6H);ESI-MS m/z:277.2[M+H]+。
5-(4-丁氧基苯基)-N-羟基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺(I-12)
参照I-5的合成方法,以盐酸肼替换盐酸羟胺构建吡唑环,最终得到白色固体51mg,收率53.4%,M.P.212-213℃,1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ13.38(s,1H),11.02(s,1H),9.01(s,1H),7.71-7.68(m,2H),7.02-6.96(m,3H),4.00(t,J=6.60Hz,2H),1.75-1.66(m,2H),1.75-1.66(m,2H),1.51-1.38(m,2H),0.94(t,J=7.20Hz,3H);ESI-MS m/z:276.2[M+H]+。
实施例2 化合物抑制酸性鞘磷脂酶活性实验。
酸性鞘磷脂酶可在细胞内水解鞘磷脂生成神经酰胺,针对一定量的荧光标记的反应底物,不同的酶活性催化生成不同量的产物,通过检测产物的含量可以考察酶活性的高低。本发明依据此原理进行实验设计。提取已培养好的细胞中的蛋白,加入缓冲液、荧光标记的反应底物,然后分别加入不同浓度的化合物,设置空白对照组,反应结束后进行荧光分析,最后计算化合物的IC50值。
具体结果如表所示:
表1:本发明部分化合物的酸性鞘磷脂酶抑制活性
Claims (7)
1.一种含有异羟肟酸的化合物,其结构由式I所示:
或式I化合物的药学上可接受的盐;
其中,式I中,Ar为芳香环,选自苯;R1为芳香环上单取代基或双取代基,选自芳基、-CH2OR2和-OR2;n=0;
X,Y,Z,各自相同或不相同,分别选自N和O中的一种形成不饱和五元杂环,为恶二唑;
其中R1代表的芳基为苯基;
其中R2选自C1-C4的直链烷基、C1-C4支链烷基、苯基和苄基;
其中R1中所述苯基为单取代或双取代,取代基选自F、Cl、Br、CF3;
R2中所述苯基为无取代、单取代或双取代,取代基选自F、Cl、Br、CF3;
或者,含有异羟肟酸的化合物为
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于R1为苯对位取代基,选自苯基、-CH2OR2和-OR2。
3.如权利要求2所述的化合物,其特征在于,Ar为苯;R1选自4-氯苯基、4-氟苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基和-CH2OR2;
其中所述取代基中的R2选自-C4H9、苯基、对氯苯基、间氯苯基、对氯苯基、对氟苯基、间氟苯基、邻氟苯基、对溴苯基、间溴苯基和邻溴苯基。
4.根据权利要求1所述的化合物如下所示:
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备酸性鞘磷脂酶抑制剂的药物中的应用。
6.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于治疗动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、肺气肿、肺水肿、肺部纤维化、慢阻肺、肺动脉高压、囊性纤维化、非酒精性脂肪肝、阿尔兹海默、多发性硬化症、脑卒中、抑郁症方面的药物中的用途。
7.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于治疗动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、囊性纤维化、慢阻肺、肺动脉高压、抑郁症方面的药物中的用途。
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