CN111060739B - Fault type identification method based on differential current and fault characteristic quantity - Google Patents
Fault type identification method based on differential current and fault characteristic quantity Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16528—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values using digital techniques or performing arithmetic operations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
- G01R19/16571—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 comparing AC or DC current with one threshold, e.g. load current, over-current, surge current or fault current
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault type identification method based on differential current and fault characteristic quantity. The method comprises the following steps: calculating the equivalence of the maximum branch current value, the maximum phase current value and the maximum zero sequence current value of each phase in real time, then carrying out fault characteristic phase identification inside and outside the protection area and ground fault characteristic identification inside and outside the protection area according to the calculated values, and writing the judgment result into a fault characteristic phase mark word and a ground fault characteristic mark word; and finally, combining the fault characteristic phase mark word and the ground fault characteristic mark word which are updated in real time to carry out logic judgment on the fault type. The invention combines the differential current and the fault characteristic quantity, provides a novel, practical, simple and reliable rapid fault type identification method, and is particularly suitable for a bus differential protection device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for identifying fault types of short-circuit faults in an electric power system, which is mainly used for realizing rapid fault type identification and message recording in bus differential protection and belongs to the technical field of relay protection of the electric power system.
Background
In order to meet the requirements of fault action information recording and fault recording of a microcomputer relay protection device (hereinafter referred to as a device), the device is required to be capable of rapidly identifying the type of system fault and accurately and timely recording the type of the system fault, so that a client can analyze the accident, and repair and restore power supply in advance in a targeted manner.
For devices with differential protection, especially for devices with bus differential protection, a fault type quick identification method suitable for the characteristics of the devices is lacked at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fault type identification method based on differential current and fault characteristic quantity, which aims to: the system fault type is quickly identified for a device with bus differential protection.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a fault type identification method based on differential current and fault characteristic quantity is used for a relay protection device with bus differential protection, and comprises the following steps:
1) creating a fault type relay word, a fault characteristic phase mark word and a ground fault characteristic mark word for real-time recording in a protection device; establishing a fault characteristic quantity variable, a maximum current variable of each phase and a maximum zero sequence current variable;
2) calculating the maximum branch current value, the maximum phase current value and the maximum zero sequence current value of each phase in real time; the maximum branch current values of all phases are respectively stored in corresponding maximum current variables, the maximum zero-sequence current value is stored in the maximum zero-sequence current variable, and the maximum phase current value is stored in the fault characteristic quantity variable;
3) judging whether the system has faults or not, and if the system has faults, turning to the step 4);
4) identifying fault characteristic phases inside and outside the protection area, judging whether each phase has faults or not, and writing the judgment result into each corresponding fault characteristic phase mark word;
5) carrying out ground fault feature identification inside and outside the protection area, judging whether a ground fault exists or not, and writing a judgment result into a ground fault feature flag word;
6) and combining the fault characteristic phase mark word and the ground fault characteristic mark word which are updated in real time to carry out logic judgment on the fault type, and assigning a value to the fault type relay word according to a judgment result.
As a further improvement of the method: in step 2), the maximum branch current value of each phase is: for a certain phase, taking the maximum value of the phase current values of all branches as the maximum branch current value of the phase;
the maximum phase current value refers to the maximum value of all the maximum branch current values, and the maximum phase current value is used as a fault characteristic quantity;
the maximum zero sequence current value refers to the maximum value of the zero sequence current values of all the branches.
As a further improvement of the method: the judging method of the step 3) is as follows: and when the maximum phase current value is greater than 1.2 times of the reference rated current value and the protection starting input value of the relay protection device is logic 1, judging that a fault exists and turning to the step 4), otherwise, judging that the fault is in a normal state.
As a further improvement of the method: the specific method of the step 4) comprises the following steps: for each phase, if any one of the following two conditions is satisfied, then it is determined that the phase has a fault, and the fault signature phase flag word of the phase is set to logic 1:
the first condition is as follows: the maximum branch current value of the phase is larger than or equal to k1 times of fault characteristic quantity;
and a second condition: the maximum branch current value of the phase is larger than or equal to k2 times of fault characteristic quantity, and the phase meets the differential protection action condition;
wherein, k1 and k2 are fault characteristic credibility values, and the value range is as follows: k2 is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to k1 and less than or equal to 0.7.
As a further improvement of the method: the specific method of the step 5) comprises the following steps: and if the maximum zero sequence current value is larger than or equal to the zero sequence current threshold value, judging that the ground fault characteristic is true, and setting the ground fault characteristic flag word to be logic 1, otherwise, judging that the ground fault characteristic is false, and setting the ground fault characteristic to be logic 0.
As a further improvement of the method: the specific logic judgment method of the step 6) comprises the following steps:
(1) judging whether the type is a single-phase earth fault type: if the fault characteristic phase flag word of only a certain phase is logic 1, judging that the fault type is the single-phase earth fault of the phase;
(2) judging whether the type of the two-phase interphase fault is the following: if the fault characteristic phase mark word of only a certain two phases is logic 1 and the ground fault characteristic mark word is logic 0, judging that the fault type is the phase-to-phase fault of the two phases;
(3) judging whether the type of the two-phase interphase ground fault is: if the fault characteristic phase mark word of only a certain two phases is logic 1 and the ground fault characteristic mark word is logic 1, judging that the fault type is the interphase ground fault of the two phases;
(4) judging whether the type of the three-phase fault is the following type: if the fault characteristic phase mark words of the three phases are all logic 1 and the ground fault characteristic mark word is logic 0, judging that the fault type is a three-phase fault;
(5) judging whether the type is a three-phase earth fault type: and if the fault characteristic phase mark words of the three phases are all logic 1 and the grounding fault characteristic mark word is logic 1, judging that the fault type is the three-phase grounding fault.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects: (1) the invention combines the differential current and the fault characteristic quantity, provides a novel, practical, simple and reliable rapid fault type identification method, is particularly suitable for bus differential protection devices, especially for developmental faults, high resistance faults, complex faults inside and outside a cross-protection area and the like, can also accurately identify and record in real time, and can calculate and update the identified fault type in real time in the whole process, thereby realizing the real-time tracking and recording of faults inside and outside the protection area, complex faults inside and outside the cross-protection area, fault development and conversion faults; (2) under the condition of not increasing excessive input alternating current excitation quantity calculation, the method can provide data required by judgment and identification only by carrying out basic real-time calculation on the input alternating current quantity of the device and selecting the required electric quantity value; (3) whether a fault or disturbance occurs is accurately identified by judging the protection starting condition and the maximum load current, unnecessary fault type identification processing is avoided, and real-time fault type identification processing according to requirements is achieved; (4) based on the fact that a certain phase differential current meets action conditions and auxiliary criteria, the fault characteristic phase is determined by combining the comparison between the maximum current of each phase and the fault characteristic quantity, and the problem that a fault point is in a region, outside the region and inside and outside a cross-region under complex conditions is solved; (5) the maximum zero sequence current is compared with the zero sequence current fixed value in real time, and whether the type of the ground fault exists or not is accurately identified; (6) and (4) comprehensive fault logic identification is carried out, the fault type is confirmed, and the application of the fault type of the protection device is effectively provided in real time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, a fault type identification method based on differential current and fault characteristic quantity is implemented by writing a corresponding program by using embedded software in the device software design based on bus differential protection. As shown in FIG. 1, the method mainly comprises two parts of data preparation processing and identification judgment, which are simultaneously carried out in real time. The method comprises the following steps:
1) memory variables are allocated in the device software.
Relay words dwRWAN, dwRWBN, dwRWCN, dwRWAB, dwRWBC, dwRWCA, dwrwababn, dwrwrwbcn, dwRWCAN, dwrwabcb and dwRWABCN are assigned for logical identification of the fault type real-time recording. The specific names of the above variables are: AN ground fault type relay word dwRWAN, BN ground fault type relay word dwRWBN, CN ground fault type relay word dwrwrwcn, AB interphase fault type relay word dwrwrwab, BC interphase fault type relay word dwRWBC, CA interphase fault type relay word dwRWCA, ABN interphase ground fault type relay word dwRWABN, BCN interphase ground fault type relay word dwRWBCN, CAN interphase ground fault type relay word dwrwrwcan, ABC three-phase fault type relay word dwRWABC, and ABCN three-phase ground fault type relay word dwRWABCN.
The following flag words are further assigned: and fault characteristic phase flag words b87BFaultPhA, b87BFaultPhB, b87BFaultPhC and a ground fault characteristic flag word b87BFaultzero used for logic judgment recording of fault characteristic phases and ground types.
Distributing a fault characteristic quantity storage variable pdwIlmax, maximum current storage variables pdwIlmaxA, pdwIlmaxB and pdwIlmaxC of each phase and a maximum zero-sequence current storage variable pdw3I0 max;
2) the calculation and extraction based on various fault electric quantities of the device are as follows:
extracting three-phase maximum current in each branch:
*pdwIlmaxA = max(*pdwInA)，
*pdwIlmaxB = max(*pdwInB)，
*pdwIlmaxC = max(*pdwInC)；
wherein n is a natural number which is sequentially increased from 1 and is the serial number of each branch; pdwInA represents the value of the A phase current for the nth leg. And obtaining the maximum branch current value of each phase through the calculation.
Extracting the maximum zero sequence current value in each branch:
*pdw3I0max = max(*pdwI0n)；
wherein n is a natural number which is sequentially increased from 1 and is the serial number of each branch; pdwI0n represents the zero sequence current value of the nth branch.
Extracting fault characteristic quantity:
*pdwIlmax = max(*pdwIlmaxA，*pdwIlmaxB，*pdwIlmaxC)。
3) when the protection starting relay word dwRW87BPick = = TRUE and pdwIlmax is larger than or equal to 1.2 × Ie (reference rated current value), the fault type identification processing is started; otherwise, the relay word and the flag word are cleared in real time and then returned.
4) Identifying fault characteristics inside and outside the protection area:
if pdwIlmaxA is more than or equal to k1 x pdwIlmax, or the phase A differential protection action condition relay word is logic 1 and pdwIlmaxA is more than or equal to k2 x pdwIlmax,
judging the A-phase fault characteristic phase as TRUE, and recording b87BfaultPhA as TRUE;
otherwise, the A phase fault characteristic phase is judged to be FALSE, and b87BfaultPHA is recorded as FALSE.
Wherein k1 and k2 are fault characteristic reliability values, the ranges are 0.3 ≦ (k1 and k2 ≦ 0.7, and k1 is more than k 2.
Similarly, the same applies to the method for judging the fault characteristic phase of the B phase and the C phase.
5) And (3) identifying the characteristics of the internal and external ground faults of the protection area:
if pdw3I0max is greater than or equal to 3I0set (3I 0set is zero sequence current threshold value, the minimum fixed value in the zero sequence current fixed values related to the selected device is the threshold value),
judging that the ground fault characteristic is TRUE, and recording b87BFaultzero as TRUE;
otherwise, the ground fault characteristic is judged to be FALSE, and b87BFaultzero is recorded as FALSE.
6) And integrating the fault characteristic phase mark words and the grounding fault characteristic mark words updated in real time to carry out logic judgment of the fault types:
(1) single phase earth fault type.
If b87BFaultPhA & & | b87 bfaultpbb & & & | b87BFaultPhC = = TRUE, i.e. only the a-phase fault signature phase is TRUE,
recording the A-phase grounding fault type relay word dwRWAN as TRUE, namely judging the fault type as A-phase grounding fault;
otherwise, note that the a-phase ground fault type relay word dwrwrwan is FALSE, i.e., no a-phase ground fault has occurred.
Similarly, it is determined whether the fault type is a single-phase ground fault of the B-phase or the C-phase.
(2) Two phase to phase fault type.
If B87BFaultPhA & & B87 bfaultpbb & & & | B87 bfaultpcc = = TRUE and | B87 bfaulzero = = TRUE, i.e. only the fault signature phases of the a and B phases are TRUE and at the same time the ground fault signature is false,
recording an AB interphase fault type relay word dwRWAB as TRUE, namely judging the fault type as AB interphase fault;
otherwise, the AB inter-phase fault type relay word dwRWAB is FALSE, that is, no AB inter-phase fault occurs.
Similarly, whether the fault type is a phase-to-phase fault of BC or CA is determined.
(3) And (3) a two-phase-to-phase ground fault type.
If B87BFaultPhA & & B87 bfaultpbb & & & | B87 bfaultpcc = = TRUE and B87 bfaulzero = = TRUE, i.e. only the fault signature phases of the a and B phases are TRUE and at the same time the ground fault signature is TRUE,
recording an ABN interphase grounding fault type relay word dwRWABN as TRUE, namely judging the fault type to be ABN interphase grounding fault;
otherwise, the ABN inter-phase ground fault type relay word dwrwrwabn is recorded as FALSE, that is, no ABN inter-phase ground fault occurs.
And similarly, determining whether the fault type is the interphase grounding fault type of the BCN or the CAN.
(4) A three-phase fault type.
If B87BFaultPhA & & B87 bfaultpbb & & B87 bfaultpcc = = TRUE and | B87 bfaulzero = = TRUE, i.e. the fault signature phases of phase a, phase B and phase C are all TRUE and at the same time the ground fault signature is false,
recording an ABC three-phase fault type relay word dwRWABC as TRUE, namely judging the fault type as a three-phase fault;
otherwise, the ABC three-phase fault type relay word dwRWABC is FALSE, that is, no three-phase fault occurs.
(5) Three-phase ground fault type.
If B87BFaultPhA & & B87 bfaultpb & & B87 bfaultpc = = TRUE and B87 bfaulzero = = TRUE, i.e. the fault signature phases of the a, B and C phases are all TRUE and at the same time the ground fault signature is TRUE,
recording an ABCN three-phase earth fault type relay word dwRWABCN = = TRUE, namely judging that the fault type is three-phase earth fault;
otherwise, note ABCN three-phase ground fault type relay word dwrwrwabcn = = FALSE, i.e., no three-phase ground fault occurs.
7) And updating all fault type relay words in real time according to the fault type logic judgment result, and applying the fault type relay words to the fault overall-process quick fault type identification.
According to simulation tests, the fault type can be identified rapidly and accurately in real time within 8ms from the beginning of the fault, the fault development can be tracked in the whole process, and the requirement of fault type application of the protection device is met.
The bus protection device applied by the method is subjected to strict industry qualification detection and national network professional detection, and shows that: the method is real-time, efficient, simple, accurate and practical, and makes full use of the existing data calculation resources of the device. The invention can help customers to analyze accidents, pertinently develop emergency repair and restore power supply in advance, and has significant meaning in technical and economic aspects.
Claims (2)
1. A fault type identification method based on differential current and fault characteristic quantity is used for a relay protection device with bus differential protection, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) creating a fault type relay word, a fault characteristic phase mark word and a ground fault characteristic mark word for real-time recording in a protection device; establishing a fault characteristic quantity variable, a maximum current variable of each phase and a maximum zero sequence current variable;
2) calculating the maximum branch current value, the maximum phase current value and the maximum zero sequence current value of each phase in real time; the maximum branch current values of all phases are respectively stored in corresponding maximum current variables, the maximum zero-sequence current value is stored in the maximum zero-sequence current variable, and the maximum phase current value is stored in the fault characteristic quantity variable;
in step 2), the maximum branch current value of each phase is: for a certain phase, taking the maximum value of the phase current values of all branches as the maximum branch current value of the phase;
the maximum phase current value refers to the maximum value of all the maximum branch current values, and the maximum phase current value is used as a fault characteristic quantity;
the maximum zero sequence current value refers to the maximum value of the zero sequence current values of all the branches;
3) judging whether the system has faults or not, and if the system has faults, turning to the step 4);
the judging method of the step 3) is as follows: when the maximum phase current value is larger than 1.2 times of the reference rated current value and the protection starting input value of the relay protection device is logic 1, judging that a fault exists and turning to the step 4), otherwise, judging that the fault is in a normal state;
4) identifying fault characteristic phases inside and outside the protection area, judging whether each phase has faults or not, and writing the judgment result into each corresponding fault characteristic phase mark word;
the specific method of the step 4) comprises the following steps: for each phase, if any one of the following two conditions is satisfied, then it is determined that the phase has a fault, and the fault signature phase flag word of the phase is set to logic 1:
the first condition is as follows: the maximum branch current value of the phase is larger than or equal to k1 times of fault characteristic quantity;
and a second condition: the maximum branch current value of the phase is larger than or equal to k2 times of fault characteristic quantity, and the phase meets the differential protection action condition;
wherein, k1 and k2 are fault characteristic credibility values, and the value range is as follows: k2 is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.7 and k 1;
5) carrying out ground fault feature identification inside and outside the protection area, judging whether a ground fault exists or not, and writing a judgment result into a ground fault feature flag word;
the specific method of the step 5) comprises the following steps: if the maximum zero sequence current value is larger than or equal to the zero sequence current threshold value, judging that the ground fault characteristic is true, and setting the ground fault characteristic flag word to be logic 1, otherwise, judging that the ground fault characteristic is false, and setting the ground fault characteristic to be logic 0;
6) and combining the fault characteristic phase mark word and the ground fault characteristic mark word which are updated in real time to carry out logic judgment on the fault type, and assigning a value to the fault type relay word according to a judgment result.
2. The fault type identification method based on differential current and fault characteristic quantity according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific logic judgment method of the step 6) comprises the following steps:
(1) judging whether the type is a single-phase earth fault type: if the fault characteristic phase flag word of only a certain phase is logic 1, judging that the fault type is the single-phase earth fault of the phase;
(2) judging whether the type of the two-phase interphase fault is the following: if the fault characteristic phase mark word of only a certain two phases is logic 1 and the ground fault characteristic mark word is logic 0, judging that the fault type is the phase-to-phase fault of the two phases;
(3) judging whether the type of the two-phase interphase ground fault is: if the fault characteristic phase mark word of only a certain two phases is logic 1 and the ground fault characteristic mark word is logic 1, judging that the fault type is the interphase ground fault of the two phases;
(4) judging whether the type of the three-phase fault is the following type: if the fault characteristic phase mark words of the three phases are all logic 1 and the ground fault characteristic mark word is logic 0, judging that the fault type is a three-phase fault;
(5) judging whether the type is a three-phase earth fault type: and if the fault characteristic phase mark words of the three phases are all logic 1 and the grounding fault characteristic mark word is logic 1, judging that the fault type is the three-phase grounding fault.
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