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CN111054306A - Modified biochar and preparation method and application method thereof - Google Patents

Modified biochar and preparation method and application method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111054306A
CN111054306A CN201911133350.4A CN201911133350A CN111054306A CN 111054306 A CN111054306 A CN 111054306A CN 201911133350 A CN201911133350 A CN 201911133350A CN 111054306 A CN111054306 A CN 111054306A
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modified
biochar
magnesium chloride
modified biochar
rhodamine
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Inventor
何欢
陈皇博
武怡洁
杨绍贵
张利民
马涛
张晶华
王仁杰
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Nanjing Normal University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/04Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • B01J20/046Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium containing halogens, e.g. halides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3078Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/34Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/36Organic compounds containing halogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/38Organic compounds containing nitrogen

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a modified biochar and a preparation method and an application method thereof, wherein the modified biochar is magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar; the preparation method of the modified biochar comprises the steps of drying rice hulls, adding the dried rice hulls into a magnesium chloride solution for carrying out impregnation modification, filtering, drying, pyrolyzing and grinding the rice hulls subjected to the impregnation modification to obtain the modified biochar, and providing an application method of the modified biochar for treating rhodamine B wastewater. The modified charcoal has the advantages of high adsorption efficiency, low cost, environmental friendliness, short time consumption and low energy consumption of the preparation method, is simple to operate when being applied to rhodamine B wastewater, and can be used for large-scale industrial production.

Description

Modified biochar and preparation method and application method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to biochar and a preparation method and an application method thereof, in particular to modified biochar and a preparation method and an application method thereof, and belongs to the field of biomass resource utilization.
Background
The printing and dyeing wastewater has the characteristics of high chromaticity and high COD, and when discharged into a water environment, the light transmittance of the water body can be reduced, the photosynthesis is hindered, the growth of aquatic plants is inhibited, and the water environment pollution is caused, so that the treatment of the printing and dyeing wastewater has important significance for relieving the environment pollution. Conventional methods for decolorizing wastewater include chemical, biological, and physical methods. The chemical methods include flocculation-precipitation, electrochemical oxidation, fenton and ozone oxidation, which are generally expensive, and the fenton method causes problems of accumulation of concentrated sludge and difficulty in disposal. The biological method comprises fungus decolorization, microbial degradation and the like, is economical, but has high requirement on environmental conditions and limited operation flexibility. The physical methods include membrane filtration and adsorption techniques, etc., and the membrane filtration can effectively remove the dye, but can concentrate the sludge. The adsorption technology is low in cost, easy to operate and free from harmful substance formation, and is a very popular technology. Activated carbon is the most widely used and effective adsorbent material in the industry, but its operating cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the first purpose of the invention is to provide modified biochar with high adsorption efficiency, low cost and environmental friendliness, the second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the modified biochar, and the third purpose of the invention is to provide an application method of the modified biochar in treatment of rhodamine B wastewater.
The technical scheme is as follows: the modified biochar is magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar.
Further, the magnesium chloride modification is impregnation modification using a magnesium chloride solution.
Further, the concentration of the magnesium chloride solution is 1-2 mol/L; the ratio of the rice hull to the magnesium chloride solution is 1g to 10 mL.
The preparation method of the modified biochar comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the rice hulls, and adding the rice hulls into a magnesium chloride solution for impregnation modification;
(2) filtering, drying, pyrolyzing and grinding the rice hulls after the dipping modification.
Further, in the step (1), the dipping time is 2-12 h.
Further, in the step (2), the temperature rise rate of the pyrolysis is 5-10 ℃/min.
Further, in the step (2), the pyrolysis temperature is 300-.
Further, in the step (2), the pyrolysis process is carried out under the protection of nitrogen, and the flow rate of the nitrogen is 2-4 mL/min.
9. The method for preparing modified biochar according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (2), the pyrolysis process is carried out in a tube furnace.
Preferably, the pyrolysis temperature is 400 ℃.
The application method of the modified biochar in treating rhodamine B wastewater comprises the following steps: and adding the modified biochar into the rhodamine B wastewater, wherein the adding amount of the modified biochar in the rhodamine B wastewater is 2-20 g/L.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the modified biochar disclosed by the invention is prepared from agricultural waste rice hulls to prepare a biochar material, and the adsorption efficiency of the biochar material on rhodamine B is improved through magnesium chloride solution impregnation modification, so that a magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar efficient adsorbent is obtained; the cheap agricultural waste rice hulls are used as biomass, so that the resource utilization of the agricultural waste can be realized, and the waste is changed into valuable;
(2) the preparation method disclosed by the invention does not need to arrange a plurality of steps for heating in the pyrolysis process, and is short in time consumption and low in energy consumption;
(3) the method is applied to treating the rhodamine B wastewater, is simple to operate, low in cost and environment-friendly, and can be used for large-scale industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electron microscope image of rice hull biochar scanning in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar in the invention;
FIG. 3 is an infrared spectrum of rice hull biochar and magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar in the invention;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of the effect of magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar and rice hull biochar adsorbing dye rhodamine B in the invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing adsorption capacity of modified rice hull biochar and unmodified rice hull biochar on rhodamine B solutions with different concentrations.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The biomass raw material rice hulls and reagents used in the examples were obtained by purchase.
Example 1
The preparation method of the modified biochar comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning and drying the collected rice hulls, soaking the rice hulls in 1mol/L magnesium chloride solution for 6 hours, wherein the ratio of the rice hulls to the magnesium chloride solution is 1g to 10mL, and filtering and drying;
step two: placing the treated rice hulls in a tubular furnace, performing pyrolysis for 2 hours at 400 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen at the nitrogen flow rate of 2mL/min and the heating rate of 10 ℃/min to obtain magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar;
step three: preparing 10mg/L rhodamine B solution, adding 0.1g of magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar into 50mL of rhodamine B solution, placing the mixture in a rotary blending machine, rotating the mixture at the speed of 60r/min for 48 hours, then passing the mixture through a 0.45-micrometer filter membrane, and measuring the concentration of rhodamine B in a water sample. The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
The preparation method of the modified biochar comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning and drying the collected rice hulls, soaking the rice hulls in a 2mol/L magnesium chloride solution for 2 hours, wherein the ratio of the rice hulls to the magnesium chloride solution is 1g to 10mL, and filtering and drying;
step two: placing the treated rice hulls in a tubular furnace, performing pyrolysis for 1h at 300 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen at the nitrogen flow rate of 4mL/min and the heating rate of 5 ℃/min to obtain magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar;
step three: preparing 10mg/L rhodamine B solution, adding 1g of magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar into 50mL of rhodamine B solution, placing the mixture in a rotary blending instrument, rotating the mixture at the speed of 60r/min for 48 hours, then passing through a 0.45-micrometer filter membrane, and measuring the concentration of rhodamine B in a water sample. The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
The preparation method of the modified biochar comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning and drying the collected rice hulls, soaking the rice hulls in 1.5mol/L magnesium chloride solution for 12 hours, wherein the ratio of the rice hulls to the magnesium chloride solution is 1g to 10mL, and filtering and drying;
step two: placing the treated rice hulls in a tubular furnace, performing pyrolysis for 1.5h at 500 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen at the nitrogen flow rate of 3mL/min and the heating rate of 8 ℃/min to obtain magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar;
step three: preparing 10mg/L rhodamine B solution, adding 0.5g of magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar into 50mL of rhodamine B solution, placing the mixture in a rotary blending machine, rotating the mixture at the speed of 60r/min for 48 hours, then passing the mixture through a 0.45-micrometer filter membrane, and measuring the concentration of rhodamine B in a water sample. The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the rice hull biochar comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning and drying the collected rice hulls, and directly preparing the rice hulls under the same conditions of the second step in the first embodiment to obtain unmodified rice hull biochar;
step two: 0.1g of unmodified rice hull biochar is put into 50mL of prepared rhodamine B solution under the same conditions of the third step in the first embodiment, the solution is placed in a rotary blending instrument, the solution is rotated for 48 hours at the speed of 60r/min and then passes through a 0.45-micrometer filter membrane, and the concentration of rhodamine B in a water sample is measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the modified biochar of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning and drying the collected rice hulls, soaking the rice hulls in 1mol/L ferric trichloride solution for 6 hours, wherein the ratio of the rice hulls to the magnesium chloride solution is 1g to 10mL, and filtering and drying;
step two: placing the treated rice hulls in a tubular furnace, performing pyrolysis for 2 hours at 400 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen at the nitrogen flow rate of 2mL/min and the heating rate of 10 ℃/min to obtain magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar;
step three: preparing 10mg/L rhodamine B solution, adding 0.1g of magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar into 50mL of rhodamine B solution, placing the mixture in a rotary blending machine, rotating the mixture at the speed of 60r/min for 48 hours, then passing the mixture through a 0.45-micrometer filter membrane, and measuring the concentration of rhodamine B in a water sample. The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the modified biochar of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning and drying the collected peanut shells, soaking the peanut shells in 1mol/L magnesium chloride solution for 6 hours, wherein the ratio of the rice hulls to the magnesium chloride solution is 1g to 10mL, and filtering and drying;
step two: placing the treated rice hulls in a tubular furnace, performing pyrolysis for 2 hours at 400 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen at the nitrogen flow rate of 2mL/min and the heating rate of 10 ℃/min to obtain magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar;
step three: preparing 10mg/L rhodamine B solution, adding 0.1g of magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar into 50mL of rhodamine B solution, placing the mixture in a rotary blending machine, rotating the mixture at the speed of 60r/min for 48 hours, then passing the mixture through a 0.45-micrometer filter membrane, and measuring the concentration of rhodamine B in a water sample. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Examples Rhodamine B removal Rate (%) Adsorption capacity (mg/g) of rhodamine B
Example 1 94 4.79
Example 2 93 4.66
Example 3 81 4.06
Comparative example 1 43 2.14
Comparative example 2 54 2.72
Comparative example 3 83 4.16
As can be seen from Table 1, the adsorption capacity of the rice hull biochar subjected to the impregnation modification by the magnesium chloride solution on the dye rhodamine B is obviously greater than that of the unmodified rice hull biochar on the dye rhodamine B.
As can be seen by comparing example 1, example 2 and example 3, the adsorption capacity of the magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar prepared by pyrolysis at 400 ℃ on the dye rhodamine B is obviously greater than that of the magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar prepared by pyrolysis at 300 ℃ and 500 ℃.
By respectively adding the modified and unmodified rice hull biochar in the example 1 and the modified and unmodified rice hull biochar in the comparative example 1 into rhodamine B solutions with different concentrations to calculate the adsorption amount, as shown in fig. 5, the adsorption capacity of the modified rice hull biochar in the rhodamine B solutions with different concentrations is stronger than that of the unmodified rice hull biochar.
The magnesium chloride and the ferric chloride solution modified rice hull biochar in the example 1 and the comparative example 2 are fired under the same conditions, and are respectively put into rhodamine B solutions under the same conditions to calculate the adsorption amount, and the result is shown in table 1, wherein the adsorption rate of the ferric chloride modified rice hull biochar on rhodamine B is only 54%, which is far lower than that of the magnesium chloride solution modified rice hull biochar on rhodamine B.
The results of the modification of two different biomasses of rice hulls and peanut shells in example 1 and comparative example 3 with magnesium chloride solution under the same conditions, the modification of the biomasses with the magnesium chloride solution, the burning of the biochar at the same temperature and the adsorption of rhodamine B solution are shown in Table 1, and the adsorption rate of the magnesium chloride modified rice hull biochar on the rhodamine B solution is slightly better than that of the magnesium chloride modified peanut shell biochar on the rhodamine B solution.

Claims (10)

1.一种改性生物炭,其特征在于:所述改性生物炭为氯化镁改性稻壳生物炭。1. A modified biochar, characterized in that: the modified biochar is magnesium chloride modified rice husk biochar. 2.根据权利要求1所述的改性生物炭,其特征在于:所述氯化镁改性是使用氯化镁溶液进行浸渍改性。2 . The modified biochar according to claim 1 , wherein the magnesium chloride modification is performed by impregnation with a magnesium chloride solution. 3 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的改性生物炭,其特征在于:所述氯化镁溶液浓度为1-2mol/L;所述稻壳与氯化镁溶液的比例为1g:10mL。3. The modified biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: the concentration of the magnesium chloride solution is 1-2 mol/L; the ratio of the rice husk to the magnesium chloride solution is 1 g:10 mL. 4.一种权利要求1所述改性生物炭的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:4. a preparation method of the described modified biochar of claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: (1)将稻壳烘干后,加入氯化镁溶液中进行浸渍改性;(1) after the rice husks are dried, add magnesium chloride solution to carry out dipping modification; (2)将浸渍改性后的稻壳过滤烘干、热解和研磨。(2) filter drying, pyrolysis and grinding of the impregnated rice husks. 5.根据权利要求4所述改性生物炭的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,所述浸渍时间为2-12h。5. The preparation method of modified biochar according to claim 4, characterized in that: in step (1), the impregnation time is 2-12h. 6.根据权利要求4所述改性生物炭的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述热解的升温速率为5-10℃/min。6 . The method for preparing modified biochar according to claim 4 , wherein in step (2), the heating rate of the pyrolysis is 5-10° C./min. 7 . 7.根据权利要求4所述改性生物炭的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述热解温度为300-500℃,热解时间为1-2h。7 . The method for preparing modified biochar according to claim 4 , wherein in step (2), the pyrolysis temperature is 300-500° C., and the pyrolysis time is 1-2 h. 8 . 8.根据权利要求4所述改性生物炭的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述热解过程在氮气保护下进行,氮气流速为2-4mL/min。8. The method for preparing modified biochar according to claim 4, characterized in that: in step (2), the pyrolysis process is carried out under nitrogen protection, and the nitrogen flow rate is 2-4 mL/min. 9.根据权利要求4所述改性生物炭的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述热解过程在管式炉中进行。9 . The method for preparing modified biochar according to claim 4 , wherein in step (2), the pyrolysis process is carried out in a tube furnace. 10 . 10.一种权利要求1所述改性生物炭在处理罗丹明B废水中的应用方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将所述改性生物炭投加到罗丹明B废水中,其中,所述改性生物炭在罗丹明B废水中的投加量为2-20g/L。10. An application method of modified biochar according to claim 1 in the treatment of Rhodamine B wastewater, characterized in that, comprising the steps of: adding the modified biochar into Rhodamine B wastewater, wherein, The dosage of the modified biochar in the Rhodamine B wastewater is 2-20 g/L.
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CN111762837A (en) * 2020-06-23 2020-10-13 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 Device and method for degrading organically polluted wastewater using modified biochar adsorbent
CN111762837B (en) * 2020-06-23 2022-03-15 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 Device and method for degrading organically polluted wastewater using modified biochar adsorbent
CN113244886A (en) * 2021-04-30 2021-08-13 佛山科学技术学院 Biochar composite loaded with nano magnesium oxide and preparation method and application thereof
CN113244888A (en) * 2021-05-17 2021-08-13 内蒙古工业大学 Modified lignite-based adsorption material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113244888B (en) * 2021-05-17 2023-10-20 内蒙古工业大学 Modified brown coal-based adsorption material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113371817A (en) * 2021-06-10 2021-09-10 北京建筑大学 Biological retention device and preparation method of magnesium modified biochar for mixed filler of biological retention device
CN113816807A (en) * 2021-10-08 2021-12-21 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 Biochar organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN117720369A (en) * 2023-12-06 2024-03-19 江苏省农业科学院 A multi-stage recycling method for magnesium modified carbon-based phosphorus adsorbent waste

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