CN111040715A - 一种单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于粘结剂技术领域，涉及一种单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶及其制备方法。本发明中，二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯将体系反应成为羟基封端的预聚体，在体系中起到固化扩链作用，充分提高体系的强度；有机铋催化剂能够保证体系中异氰酸酯基与羟基的完全反应，并为整个体系的湿气固化起促进作用；异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷中的异氰酸酯基与羟基封端预聚体进行反应，使体系成为含有烷氧基封端的预聚体；所得反应型聚氨酯热熔胶含有大量烷氧基，采用烷氧基湿气固化，避免了传统异氰酸酯基固化产生二氧化碳气泡不易排出的弊端，高温高湿环境下不发泡，对各种基材的粘接性能优异，同时具备一般异氰酸酯基反应型聚氨酯热熔胶快速定位、高初粘力的特性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于粘结剂技术领域，尤其涉及一种单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯胶黏剂方面的应用已经发展了几十年，如多异氰酸酯胶黏剂、双组份聚氨酯胶黏剂、热塑性聚氨酯胶黏剂、单组分聚氨酯密封胶、单组分聚氨酯结构胶等等，近些年开始出现反应型聚氨酯热熔胶，又称湿固化反应型热熔胶。
反应型聚氨酯热熔胶出现后发展非常迅速，因为具有以下几个优点：其一是聚氨酯反应型热熔胶具有开放时间短、装配定位迅速的特性；其二是反应型聚氨酯热熔胶环保无溶剂；其三是反应后由热塑性转换为热固性，耐水、耐蠕变、耐介质等；其四是具有相当高的初粘力及固化后高的内聚强度；其五是对不同基材均具有良好的粘接能力。因此湿固化反应型聚氨酯热熔胶在各个领域得到广泛的应用，如工业汽车、家装木材、家电电子等领域均有了广泛的应用。
目前市场出现的反应型聚氨酯热熔胶,因为是含有异氰酸酯基的预聚体，异氰酸酯基湿气固化产生二氧化碳，在胶层易出现气泡，所以发泡是一直存在的问题，在胶层薄的情况下，发泡情况还可以接受，遇到施胶厚度比较大的情况，会出现发泡严重的现象，导致外观发泡受影响、粘接强度下降等情况的出现。
发明内容
本发明针对上述现有技术存在的不足，提供一种单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶及其制备方法。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶，其组分按照重量份数计包括：聚醚二元醇PPG2000 10-20份、结晶型聚酯二元醇15-35份、液态聚酯二元醇20-30份、热塑性丙烯酸树脂15-25份、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯5-10份、有机铋催化剂0.001-0.01份和异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷5-10份。
进一步，所述的聚醚二元醇PPG2000为端羟基聚醚二元醇。
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是，端羟基聚醚二元醇的加入，能够降低体系的粘度，而且可以调整整个体系的开放时间，提高产品的柔韧性及耐水解性。
进一步，所述的结晶型聚酯二元醇为端羟基聚酯二元醇。
更进一步，所述结晶型聚酯二元醇为己二酸与1，6己二醇聚合而成的分子量为2000的聚酯二元醇。
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是，结晶型聚酯二元醇的加入，能够降低体系的开放时间，增加体系的强度，如反应型聚氨酯热熔胶的本体强度和对界面的粘接强度。
进一步，所述液态聚酯二元醇为己二酸与异戊二醇聚合而成的分子量为2000的聚酯二元醇。
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是，液态聚酯二元醇能够提高体系的开放时间，增加体系的强度，如反应型聚氨酯热熔胶的本体强度和对界面的粘接强度。
进一步，所述热塑性丙烯酸树脂为日本三菱BR-106。
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是，能够增加体系的初粘力，调整体系的开放时间。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供上述单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法，具体为：将聚醚二元醇PPG2000 10-20份、结晶型聚酯二元醇15-35份、液态聚酯二元醇20-30份和热塑性丙烯酸树脂15-25份加入到三口烧瓶内，加热至120-140℃，真空干燥脱水2h，氮气保护降温至95-105℃；继续加入二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯5-10份和有机铋催化剂0.001-0.01份，在95-115℃条件下反应1-2h，加入异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷5-10份，在120℃反应40-60min即可。
使用时，将单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶在90-120℃条件下加热15-25min，使固体融为液体，然后进行施胶，温度25℃、湿度50％条件下放置7天即可。
本发明的特点和有益效果在于：
(1)本发明中，二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯将体系反应成为羟基封端的预聚体，在体系中起到固化扩链作用，充分提高了体系的强度；有机铋催化剂能够保证体系中异氰酸酯基与羟基的完全反应，并为整个体系的湿气固化起促进作用；异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷中的异氰酸酯基与上述的羟基封端预聚体进行反应，使体系成为含有烷氧基封端的预聚体。
(2)本发明的反应型聚氨酯热熔胶含有大量烷氧基，采用烷氧基湿气固化，避免了传统异氰酸酯基固化产生二氧化碳气泡不易排出的弊端，高温高湿环境下不发泡，因此对各种基材的粘接性能优异，同时还具备一般异氰酸酯基反应型聚氨酯热熔胶快速定位、高初粘力的特性。
具体实施方式
以下结合实例对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶，其组分按照重量份数计包括：聚醚二元醇PPG2000 10份、结晶型聚酯二元醇35份、液态聚酯二元醇20份、热塑性丙烯酸树脂BR-10625份、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯5份、有机铋催化剂0.001份和异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷5份。
上述单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法为，将聚醚二元醇PPG200010份、结晶型聚酯二元醇35份、液态聚酯二元醇20份和热塑性丙烯酸树脂BR-106 25份加入到三口烧瓶内，加热至120℃，真空干燥脱水2h，氮气保护降温至105℃；继续加入二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯5份和有机铋催化剂0.001份，在115℃条件下反应1h，加入异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷5份，在120℃反应40min，真空密闭封装。
使用时，将单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶在90℃条件下加热25min，使固体融为液体，然后进行施胶，温度25℃、湿度50％条件下放置7天即可。
实施例2
一种单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶，其组分按照重量份数计包括：聚醚二元醇PPG2000 20份、结晶型聚酯二元醇15份、液态聚酯二元醇30份、热塑性丙烯酸树脂BR-10615份、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯10份、有机铋催化剂0.01份和异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷10份。
上述单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法为，将聚醚二元醇PPG200020份、结晶型聚酯二元醇15份、液态聚酯二元醇30份和热塑性丙烯酸树脂BR-106 15份加入到三口烧瓶内，加热至140℃，真空干燥脱水2h，氮气保护降温至95℃；继续加入二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯10份和有机铋催化剂0.01份，在95℃条件下反应2h，加入异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷10份，在120℃反应60min，真空密闭封装。
使用时，将单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶在120℃条件下加热15min，使固体融为液体，然后进行施胶，温度25℃、湿度50％条件下放置7天即可。
实施例3
一种单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶，其组分按照重量份数计包括：聚醚二元醇PPG2000 15份、结晶型聚酯二元醇25份、液态聚酯二元醇25份、热塑性丙烯酸树脂BR-10620份、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯7.5份、有机铋催化剂0.005份和异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷7.5份。
上述单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法为，将聚醚二元醇PPG200015份、结晶型聚酯二元醇25份、液态聚酯二元醇25份和热塑性丙烯酸树脂BR-106 20份加入到三口烧瓶内，加热至130℃，真空干燥脱水2h，氮气保护降温至100℃；继续加入二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯7.5份和有机铋催化剂0.005份，在105℃条件下反应1.5h，加入异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷5份，在120℃反应50min，真空密闭封装。
使用时，将单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶在105℃条件下加热20min，使固体融为液体，然后进行施胶，温度25℃、湿度50％条件下放置7天即可。
对比例1
一种单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶，其组分包括：聚醚二元醇PPG2000 15份、结晶型聚酯二元醇25份、液态聚酯二元醇25份、热塑性丙烯酸树脂BR-106 20份、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯30份、有机铋催化剂0.005份、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.5份和双吗啉基二乙基醚0.1份。
上述单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法为，将聚醚二元醇PPG200015份、结晶型聚酯二元醇25份、液态聚酯二元醇25份和热塑性丙烯酸树脂BR-106 20份加入到三口烧瓶内，加热至130℃，真空干燥脱水2h，氮气保护降温至100℃；继续加入二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯30份和有机铋催化剂0.005份，在105℃条件下反应1.5h，加入γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.5份和双吗啉基二乙基醚0.1份，真空密闭封装。
使用时，将单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶在105℃条件下加热20min，使固体融为液体，然后进行施胶，温度25℃、湿度50％条件下放置7天。
将实施例1-3和对比例1的单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶进行性能测试，见表1。测试一：制成厚度为2mm的片材，待冷却后在温度25℃、湿度50％条件下放置7天；测试二：玻璃与聚碳酸酯搭接，在温度25℃、湿度50％条件下放置7天，测试剪切强度，观察界面破坏性质。
表1
由表1数据可以看出，改变反应型聚氨酯热熔胶的湿固化方式，体系固化后无泡，并且通过界面破坏的性质可以看出，体系的粘接性得到了提高。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶，其特征在于，其组分按照重量份数计包括：聚醚二元醇PPG2000 10-20份、结晶型聚酯二元醇15-35份、液态聚酯二元醇20-30份、热塑性丙烯酸树脂15-25份、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯5-10份、有机铋催化剂0.001-0.01份和异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷5-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶，其特征在于，所述的聚醚二元醇PPG2000为端羟基聚醚二元醇。
3.根据权利要求1所述的单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶，其特征在于，所述的结晶型聚酯二元醇为端羟基聚酯二元醇。
4.根据权利要求3所述的单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶，其特征在于，所述结晶型聚酯二元醇为己二酸与1，6己二醇聚合而成的分子量为2000的聚酯二元醇。
5.根据权利要求1所述的单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶，其特征在于，所述液态聚酯二元醇为己二酸与异戊二醇聚合而成的分子量为2000的聚酯二元醇。
6.一种权利要求1-5任一项所述单组分反应型聚氨酯热熔胶的制备方法，其特征在于，将聚醚二元醇PPG2000 10-20份、结晶型聚酯二元醇15-35份、液态聚酯二元醇20-30份和热塑性丙烯酸树脂15-25份加入到三口烧瓶内，加热至120-140℃，真空干燥脱水2h，氮气保护降温至95-105℃；继续加入二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯5-10份和有机铋催化剂0.001-0.01份，在95-115℃条件下反应1-2h，加入异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷5-10份，在120℃反应40-60min即可。
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