CN111038714B - Over-rotation detection device and method for auxiliary power device - Google Patents
Over-rotation detection device and method for auxiliary power device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111038714B CN111038714B CN201911192159.7A CN201911192159A CN111038714B CN 111038714 B CN111038714 B CN 111038714B CN 201911192159 A CN201911192159 A CN 201911192159A CN 111038714 B CN111038714 B CN 111038714B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D41/00—Power installations for auxiliary purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D31/00—Power plant control systems; Arrangement of power plant control systems in aircraft
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aviation power control, and relates to an over-rotation detection device and method for an auxiliary power device. In order to effectively realize the over-rotation detection protection control of the APU, the device comprises a rotating speed signal conditioning circuit, two independent hardware over-rotation detection circuits and a CPU software over-rotation detection unit; the rotating speed signal conditioning circuit conditions the two paths of rotating speed signals and inputs the conditioned rotating speed signals to the hardware over-rotation detection circuit and the CPU software over-rotation detection unit; when the CPU software over-rotation detection unit and the hardware over-rotation detection circuit detect that the auxiliary power device is over-rotated, an over-rotation control signal is output to control and cut off a fuel supply electromagnetic valve of the auxiliary power device, so that the reliable and accurate over-rotation protection control of the auxiliary power device in a full-working envelope can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aviation power control, and relates to a gas turbine engine, in particular to an over-rotation detection control method of an auxiliary power device.
Background
An Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) is a small gas turbine engine that is primarily used to provide bleed air for the starting and environmental control systems of the aircraft main engines and to provide shaft power for the aircraft power generation system through an accessory gearbox. When the airplane is on the ground, the APU can replace a heavy air source vehicle and a heavy power vehicle; in the process of taking off the airplane, the power of the main engine can be completely used for accelerating climbing so as to improve the taking off performance of the airplane; after the airplane lands, the main engine can be timely shut down, so that fuel oil is saved and airport noise is reduced. Modern large and medium sized aircraft are therefore all equipped with APUs.
The design rotating speed of the auxiliary power device is generally 30000-60000 rpm, the auxiliary power device belongs to a high rotating speed rotating device, and in the operation process, the condition that the rotating speed exceeds the limit can bring great risk to an engine, possibly cause the mechanical overspeed fault of non-inclusive rotor blasting to be generated, and the fault is a catastrophic fault.
The over-rotation detection control of the auxiliary power device is an APU over-rotation protection control technology and is a core function of the APU safe and stable operation control. Through the running rotating speed of the APU detected in real time, when the running rotating speed of the APU is detected to exceed a safe running rotating speed point, an over-running signal is output, the fuel supply of the APU is controlled to be cut off, the APU is stopped, and the running protection of the APU is realized.
At present, the development of the auxiliary power device is still in a starting stage in China, the control and protection technology of the auxiliary power device just enters engineering application, and the related technical research in the early stage is blank.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to effectively realize the over-rotation detection protection control of the APU, the invention provides an over-rotation detection control system and a method of an auxiliary power device.
The technical scheme of the invention is to provide an over-rotation detection device of an auxiliary power device, which is characterized in that: the system comprises a rotating speed signal conditioning circuit, two independent hardware over-rotation detection circuits and a CPU software over-rotation detection unit;
the output end of the rotating speed signal conditioning circuit is respectively connected with the input ends of two independent hardware over-rotation detection circuits and a CPU software over-rotation detection unit; the output ends of the hardware over-rotation detection circuit and the CPU software over-rotation detection unit are connected with the parking control circuit;
the rotating speed signal conditioning circuit is used for receiving two paths of rotating speed signals output by the auxiliary power device and conditioning the two paths of rotating speed signals into square wave signals which can be collected by the hardware over-rotation detection circuit and the CPU software over-rotation detection unit;
the two independent hardware over-rotation detection circuits comprise a CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit and a channel integrated circuit; the CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit is used for comparing the square wave signal with the hardware over-rotation threshold rotating speed, and when the square wave signal received in any channel CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit is greater than the hardware over-rotation threshold rotating speed, the CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit outputs the channel over-rotation signal to the channel comprehensive circuit; when the channel integrated circuit receives an over-rotation signal of any channel, the channel integrated circuit outputs an over-rotation control signal;
the CPU software over-rotation detection unit is used for comparing the square wave signal with the software over-rotation threshold rotating speed, and triggering the software over-rotation signal when the square wave signal is greater than the software over-rotation threshold rotating speed.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a frequency generation circuit which is used for generating an over-running reference frequency signal of the self-checking of the CPLD or the PLD or the FPGA logic circuit.
The invention also provides a method for realizing over-rotation detection by using the over-rotation detection device of the auxiliary power device, which comprises the following steps:
step one, a rotating Speed signal conditioning circuit conditions two input rotating Speed signals into square wave signals Speed1 and Speed2 which can be collected by a hardware over-rotation detection circuit and a CPU software over-rotation detection unit, and inputs the conditioned square wave signals Speed1 and Speed2 into the hardware over-rotation detection circuit and the CPU software over-rotation detection unit;
step two, the CPU software over-rotation detection unit compares the input square wave signals, and selects the maximum value as the value of a software acquisition rotating Speed signal SW _ Speed, namely when the Speed1 is more than or equal to the Speed2, the SW _ Speed is equal to the Speed1, otherwise: SW _ Speed 2;
step three, comparing the software acquisition rotating Speed signal SW _ Speed obtained in the step two with a software over-rotation threshold rotating Speed overtpeed 1, and when the SW _ Speed is larger than an overtsped 1 and the maintaining time is larger than or equal to t1, triggering the software over-rotation signal to be effective;
step four, the two hardware over-rotation detection circuits respectively receive Speed1 and Speed2, each hardware over-rotation detection circuit compares the input Speed1 or Speed2 with a set hardware over-rotation threshold rotating Speed over Speed2, and when any hardware over-rotation detection circuit detects that Speed1 or Speed2 is larger than over Speed2 and the maintaining time is longer than or equal to t2, a hardware over-rotation signal is triggered to be effective;
and step five, when the software over-rotation signal is effective and the hardware over-rotation signal is triggered to be effective, triggering the APU over-rotation signal to be effective, and controlling and protecting the APU to cut oil and stop.
Further, the software over-running threshold rotating speed overtrated 1 is an APU safe operation rotating speed limit point; the software overrun detection maintenance time t1 is 2 software acquisition cycles.
Further, the hardware over-speed threshold overtpeed 2 is (1.1-1.2) over speed 1; the hardware overrun detection hold time t2 is 1 software acquisition cycle.
Further, the method for detecting the over-rotation of the auxiliary power device further comprises the step of self-checking of the channel comprehensive circuit:
when the electronic controller detects a parking instruction, the CPU software overrun detection unit outputs two paths of self-detection instruction signals Mode _ Select1 and Mode _ Select 2;
when any channel integrated circuit receives the effective self-checking instruction signal, triggering a hardware over-running signal HW _ OS to be effective; and if the collected HW _ OS is invalid, judging that the channel integrated circuit is in fault.
Further, the method for detecting the overrun of the auxiliary power device further comprises the step of self-checking of a CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit:
the hardware over-rotation logic circuit detection realizes self-detection by simulating an APU over-rotation signal, does not influence the normal work of an APU system during self-detection, and has a self-detection function triggered by software, and the method comprises the following steps;
1) when the electronic controller detects a parking instruction, the CPU software overrun detection unit outputs two paths of self-detection instruction signals Mode _ Select1 and Mode _ Select 2; when the CPLD or the PLD or the FPGA logic circuit receives a self-test command signal Mode _ Select1 being 1 or Mode _ Select2 being 1, the CPLD or the PLD or the FPGA logic circuit switches the input rotating Speed1 and Speed2 to an internal over-rotation reference frequency signal REF _ OS; the REF _ OS is greater than OverSpeed 2;
2) the CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit compares REF _ OS with hardware over-rotation limit rotating speed over speed2, and because REF _ OS > over speed2, the CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit triggers hardware over-rotation signals to be effective;
3) and the CPU software over-rotation detection unit acquires over-rotation signals output by the CPLD or the PLD or the FPGA logic circuit, and when any over-rotation signal is detected to be invalid, the corresponding CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit is judged to be in fault.
Further, the over-rotation reference rotation speed REF _ OS is set to (1.5-1.6) over speed 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the over-rotation detection device for the auxiliary power device is simple in structure and high in control reliability, and can effectively improve the operation reliability and safety of the power device.
2. The invention has perfect circuit self-detection function, and realizes the fault detection of the hardware over-rotation logic circuit by simulating the over-rotation signal; the channel integrated circuit fault detection is realized through the software over-rotation detection signal, the shutdown control of the APU can be considered, the control strategy of the system is simplified, and the testability of the system is improved.
3. The over-rotation detection method not only solves the over-rotation detection control problem, but also provides an effective self-checking method of the hardware over-rotation circuit, and simultaneously realizes the parking control function of the APU, thereby effectively reducing the complexity of the system and improving the reliability, safety and testability of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the structure of an over-rotation detecting device of an auxiliary power device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural and functional diagram of an over-rotation detecting device of an auxiliary power device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a functional diagram of a hardware over-rotation detection circuit in the over-rotation detection device of the auxiliary power unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the over-rotation detection method of the auxiliary power unit for detecting the over-rotation of the CPU software;
FIG. 5 is a logic flow diagram of hardware over-rotation detection implemented by the hardware over-rotation detection circuit of the auxiliary power device over-rotation detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a hardware circuit self-checking function of the method for detecting over-rotation of an auxiliary power device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the over-rotation detection device of the auxiliary power device mainly comprises a rotational speed signal conditioning circuit, two independent hardware over-rotation detection circuits and a CPU software over-rotation detection unit. The rotating speed signal conditioning circuit is used for receiving two paths of rotating speed signals output by the auxiliary power device and conditioning the two paths of rotating speed signals into square wave signals which can be collected by the hardware over-rotation detection circuit and the CPU software over-rotation detection unit; the output end of the rotating speed signal conditioning circuit is respectively connected with the input ends of the two independent hardware over-rotation detection circuits and the CPU software over-rotation detection unit; the output ends of the hardware over-rotation detection circuit and the CPU software over-rotation detection unit are connected with the parking control circuit.
The specific detection process is as follows:
1. the rotating Speed signals output by the two rotating Speed sensors of the APU are conditioned by the rotating Speed signal conditioning circuit and then output frequency square wave signals Speed1 and Speed2, Speed1 and Speed2 which are input into the hardware over-rotation detection circuit and the CPU software over-rotation detection unit. (the present invention is not concerned with rotational speed signal conditioning and acquisition and will not be described in detail below).
2. The CPU software over-rotation detection unit compares the collected frequencies of Speed1 and Speed2, as shown in FIG. 4, the maximum value is selected as the value of the software collected rotating Speed signal SW _ Speed, that is, when the Speed1 is not less than the Speed2, SW _ Speed is equal to Speed1, otherwise: SW _ Speed is Speed 2.
3. And comparing the software acquisition rotating Speed signal SW _ Speed with a software over-rotation threshold rotating Speed overtsped 1, and triggering a software over-rotation signal SW _ OS to be 1 or triggering a software over-rotation signal SW _ OS to be 0 when the software acquisition rotating Speed SW _ Speed is larger than overtsped 1 and the maintaining time is larger than or equal to t 1.
4. Referring to fig. 5, after acquiring the rotation speed signals input by the two independent hardware over-rotation detection circuits, the two independent hardware over-rotation detection circuits compare the acquired rotation speed signals with a set hardware over-rotation threshold rotation speed overtsped 2, and when any one of the hardware over-rotation detection circuits detects that the input rotation speed is greater than overtsped 2 and the maintaining time is greater than or equal to t2, a hardware over-rotation signal HW _ OS is triggered to be 1 or the hardware over-rotation signal HW _ OS is triggered to be 0.
5. When any one of SW _ OS and HW _ OS is triggered to be set to 1 or 0, an APU over-rotation signal OS is triggered to be 1, and the APU is controlled to be protected from oil cut and stop.
The software over-rotation threshold rotating speed overtSpeed 1 is set as a design safe operation rotating speed limit point of the APU, and the hardware over-rotation threshold rotating speed overtSpeed 2 is set to be (1.1-1.2) over Speed 1. The software over-rotation detection holding time t1 is generally set to 2 software rotational speed acquisition periods, and the hardware over-rotation detection holding time t2 is generally set to 1 software rotational speed acquisition period.
The invention can also realize the self-detection of the CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit and the channel comprehensive circuit in the hardware over-rotation detection circuit by simulating the over-rotation signal of the APU, the normal work of the APU system is not influenced during the self-detection, the self-detection function of the channel comprehensive circuit is triggered by software, as shown in FIG. 6, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the APU receives a parking (including an APU normal parking and an APU protective parking), self-test command signals (Mode _ Select1 and Mode _ Select2) are output through software, and when any channel integrated circuit receives the self-test command signals and is effective, namely the Mode _ Select1 is equal to 1 and the Mode _ Select2 is equal to 1, an over-rotation analog signal OS in the trigger logic is effective. And if the collected HW _ OS is invalid, judging that the channel integrated circuit is in fault.
When both the two hardware over-rotation detection circuits are in failure, the software over-rotation detection unit can set the self-detection instruction signal Mode _ Select1 or Mode _ Select2 of the hardware over-rotation detection circuit to be effective, and output an over-rotation signal to complete parking control.
The self-detection of the CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit is characterized in that:
a. when the electronic controller detects a parking instruction, the CPU software overrun detection unit outputs two paths of self-detection instruction signals Mode _ Select1 and Mode _ Select 2; when the CPLD or the PLD or the FPGA logic circuit receives a self-test command signal Mode _ Select1 being 1 or Mode _ Select2 being 1, the CPLD or the PLD or the FPGA logic circuit switches the input rotating Speed1 and Speed2 to an internal over-rotation reference frequency signal REF _ OS; the REF _ OS is greater than OverSpeed 2; wherein the internal over-run reference frequency signal is generated by a frequency generation circuit.
b. The CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit compares REF _ OS with hardware over-rotation limit rotating speed over speed2, and because REF _ OS > over speed2, the CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit triggers hardware over-rotation signals to be effective;
c. the CPU software over-rotation detection unit acquires over-rotation signals output by the CPLD, the PLD or the FPGA logic circuit, and when any over-rotation signal is detected to be invalid, the corresponding CPLD, PLD or FPGA logic circuit is judged to be in fault.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to two specific embodiments.
1. According to the design of the auxiliary power device, a safe operation rotating speed limit point is 106% (the percentage rotating speed is 106% and corresponds to the frequency of 12200Hz), and the following steps are determined: the software over-rotation threshold rotating speed overtspeed 1 is 106%, and the hardware over-rotation threshold rotating speed overtspeed 2 is 12944 Hz;
2. according to the design of the rotating speed frequency 12200Hz, simulating the over-rotation signal frequency in the hardware logic is designed: 12945 Hz;
3. determining the software over-rotation detection maintaining time t1 to be 40ms according to the APU rotating speed software acquisition period of 20 ms; determining that the software overtravel detection maintaining time t2 is 20 ms;
4. when the output effective Speed of any rotating Speed sensor in the operation of the APU is greater than 106.0 percent and is maintained for 40ms, triggering a software over-rotation signal SW _ OS to be effective;
5. when the output effective Speed of any rotating Speed sensor in the operation of the APU is greater than 106.1% and is maintained for 20ms, triggering a hardware over-running signal HW _ OS to be effective;
6. when any one of the software over-rotation SW _ OS and the hardware over-rotation signal HW _ OS is effective, triggering the over-rotation signal OS to be effective;
7. when the over-running signal OS is effective, outputting a fuel-oil-cutting instruction to control the APU to stop;
8. when a parking signal is received or an over-running signal is detected, the software over-running detection unit outputs hardware over-running detection instructions of Mode _ Select1 and Mode _ Select2 to be effective, the hardware over-running detection circuit is triggered to carry out self-detection testing, and if the detected circuit does not output the over-running signal, the over-running detection circuit is judged to be in fault.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an auxiliary power device overruns detection device which characterized in that: the system comprises a rotating speed signal conditioning circuit, two independent hardware over-rotation detection circuits and a CPU software over-rotation detection unit;
the output end of the rotating speed signal conditioning circuit is respectively connected with the input ends of two independent hardware over-rotation detection circuits and a CPU software over-rotation detection unit; the output ends of the hardware over-rotation detection circuit and the CPU software over-rotation detection unit are connected with the parking control circuit;
the rotating speed signal conditioning circuit is used for receiving two paths of rotating speed signals output by the auxiliary power device and conditioning the two paths of rotating speed signals into square wave signals which can be collected by the hardware over-rotation detection circuit and the CPU software over-rotation detection unit;
the two independent hardware over-rotation detection circuits comprise a CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit and a channel integrated circuit; the CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit is used for comparing the square wave signal with the hardware over-rotation threshold rotating speed, and when the square wave signal received in any channel CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit is greater than the hardware over-rotation threshold rotating speed, the CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit outputs a channel over-rotation signal to the channel comprehensive circuit; when the channel integrated circuit receives an over-rotation signal of any channel, the channel integrated circuit outputs an over-rotation control signal;
the CPU software over-rotation detection unit is used for comparing the square wave signal with the software over-rotation threshold rotating speed, and triggering the software over-rotation signal when the square wave signal is greater than the software over-rotation threshold rotating speed.
2. The auxiliary power unit over-rotation detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frequency generation circuit is used for generating an over-rotation reference frequency signal for self-checking of the CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit.
3. A method for detecting over-rotation using the auxiliary power unit over-rotation detecting device of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, a rotating Speed signal conditioning circuit conditions two input rotating Speed signals into square wave signals Speed1 and Speed2 which can be collected by a hardware over-rotation detection circuit and a CPU software over-rotation detection unit, and inputs the conditioned square wave signals Speed1 and Speed2 into the hardware over-rotation detection circuit and the CPU software over-rotation detection unit;
step two, the CPU software over-rotation detection unit compares the input square wave signals, and selects the maximum value as the value of a software acquisition rotating Speed signal SW _ Speed, namely when the Speed1 is more than or equal to the Speed2, the SW _ Speed is equal to the Speed1, otherwise: SW _ Speed 2;
step three, comparing the software acquisition rotating Speed signal SW _ Speed obtained in the step two with a software over-rotation threshold rotating Speed overtpeed 1, and when the SW _ Speed is larger than an overtsped 1 and the maintaining time is larger than or equal to t1, triggering the software over-rotation signal to be effective;
step four, the two hardware over-rotation detection circuits respectively receive Speed1 and Speed2, each hardware over-rotation detection circuit compares the input Speed1 or Speed2 with a set hardware over-rotation threshold rotating Speed over Speed2, and when any hardware over-rotation detection circuit detects that Speed1 or Speed2 is larger than over Speed2 and the maintaining time is longer than or equal to t2, a hardware over-rotation signal is triggered to be effective;
and step five, when the software over-rotation signal is effective and the hardware over-rotation signal is triggered to be effective, triggering the APU over-rotation signal to be effective, and controlling and protecting the APU to cut oil and stop.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of detecting overrotation comprises: the software over-running threshold rotating speed overtspeeded 1 is an APU safe operation rotating speed limit point; the software overrun detection maintenance time t1 is 2 software acquisition cycles.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of detecting the overshoot comprises: the hardware over-speed threshold speed overtsped 2 is (1.1-1.2) overtsped 1; the hardware overrun detection hold time t2 is 1 software acquisition cycle.
6. The method of implementing over-rotation detection as claimed in any one of claims 3-5, wherein: the method also comprises the step of self-checking of the channel synthesis circuit:
when the electronic controller detects a parking instruction, the CPU software overrun detection unit outputs two paths of self-detection instruction signals Mode _ Select1 and Mode _ Select 2;
when any channel integrated circuit receives the effective self-checking instruction signal, triggering a hardware over-running signal HW _ OS to be effective; and if the collected HW _ OS is invalid, judging that the channel integrated circuit is in fault.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of detecting overrotation comprises: the method also comprises the following steps of CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit self-checking:
1) when the electronic controller detects a parking instruction, the CPU software overrun detection unit outputs two paths of self-detection instruction signals Mode _ Select1 and Mode _ Select 2; when the CPLD or the PLD or the FPGA logic circuit receives a self-test command signal Mode _ Select1 being 1 or Mode _ Select2 being 1, the CPLD or the PLD or the FPGA logic circuit switches the input rotating Speed1 and Speed2 to an internal over-rotation reference frequency signal REF _ OS; the REF _ OS is greater than OverSpeed 2;
2) the CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit compares REF _ OS with hardware over-rotation limit rotating speed over speed2, and because REF _ OS > over speed2, the CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit triggers hardware over-rotation signals to be effective;
3) and the CPU software over-rotation detection unit acquires over-rotation signals output by the CPLD or the PLD or the FPGA logic circuit, and when any over-rotation signal is detected to be invalid, the corresponding CPLD or PLD or FPGA logic circuit is judged to be in fault.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of detecting overshoot comprises: the over-rotation reference rotation speed REF _ OS is set to (1.5-1.6) over speed 1.
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| CN112623240B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2023-09-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安航空计算技术研究所 | Auxiliary power system control method based on finite state machine and electronic controller |
| CN114217545B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2024-06-11 | 北京机电工程研究所 | Control software key instruction output method combining hardware condition judgment |
| CN116280230B (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2024-02-23 | 昆山亿飞航空智能科技有限公司 | Continuous energy protection device for power output interruption of unmanned aerial vehicle |
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