CN111034862A - Production method for producing high-protein feed by deep fermentation of straws - Google Patents
Production method for producing high-protein feed by deep fermentation of straws Download PDFInfo
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- CN111034862A CN111034862A CN202010027768.3A CN202010027768A CN111034862A CN 111034862 A CN111034862 A CN 111034862A CN 202010027768 A CN202010027768 A CN 202010027768A CN 111034862 A CN111034862 A CN 111034862A
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000038280 herbivores Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013594 poultry meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000054334 omnivore Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000020912 omnivore Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a novel method for producing protein feed by deep fermentation of straws. The method is characterized in that crop straw compressed materials are used as raw materials, a strain combination capable of well degrading cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin is selected, mass and heat transfer of a fermentation tank and the materials are controlled through negative pressure pulse air, high-efficiency solid aerobic fermentation is realized, and large-scale and industrial production of protein feed produced by deep fermentation of the straws is realized. The unit volume of the raw materials can be greatly reduced by taking the crop straw compressed materials as the raw materials, so that the investment of production equipment and facilities is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, meanwhile, negative pressure pulse air is newly added in the original laboratory technical route to control the mass transfer and heat transfer of a fermentation tank and the materials, and the deep solid aerobic fermentation of the straws is effectively realized. Provides a solution for the large-scale and industrial production of the protein feed produced by the deep fermentation of the straws.
Description
Technical Field
The technology used by the invention relates to straw feed in straw comprehensive utilization. Belongs to the fields of biological engineering, animal feed and nutrition.
Background
The crop straw is a very abundant material resource, can be directly used as the feed of herbivores, can also be used as the feed of herbivores such as cattle, sheep, horses and the like after ensiling, yellow-storing and briquetting are carried out by adding or not adding a straw leavening agent, the ensiling, yellow-storing and briquetting fermented straw feed only carries out natural or artificial rough fermentation on the straw, the degradation rate of crude fiber of the straw is very limited, the nutritional value is very low, the protein content is about 1-6%, the straw can only be used as the feed of the herbivores such as cattle, sheep, horses and the like, and the straw can not be basically used as the feed of most livestock such as pigs, chickens, ducks, geese, omnivores and the like.
The production of the protein feed by deep fermentation of the straws is as follows: the microbial fermentation technology is adopted to degrade crude fibers in the straws into polysaccharides, proteins and the like, so that the degradation rate of the crude fibers is more than 50%, and the protein content is increased to more than 10%. After the straw is deeply fermented, the nutritive value of the feed can be greatly improved, the feed can be used as the feed for most livestock and poultry such as pigs, chickens, ducks, geese, omnivorous fishes and the like, a large amount of feed grains are saved, the feed is an important subject of research of various scientific research institutions all the time, and the production of protein feed by realizing the deep fermentation of the straw is also a project supported and encouraged by governments.
The protein feed is produced by deep fermentation of straws, in a laboratory, straws are taken as raw materials, a strain combination capable of well degrading cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin is selected, and through deep liquid fermentation (the cost is too high to consider) or solid aerobic fermentation, the degradation rate of straw crude fibers can be increased to more than 50 percent by various schemes, and the protein content of the feed is increased to more than 10 percent. The basic technical route is as follows: straw pretreatment (crushing, acid alkalization, ammoniation and the like) → sterilization and preparation of a culture medium → inoculation → solid aerobic fermentation → finished product treatment (drying, sterilization, granulation and the like), that is, the production of protein feed by straw deep fermentation is completely feasible in a laboratory.
The factory for producing protein feed by deep fermentation of straws is not available and is blank. The deep fermentation production process of the straw needs to select a specific strain combination pure strain for fermentation, and also needs to strictly control the temperature, the humidity and the ventilation of the fermentation, the fermented material needs good ventilation and heat dissipation, the technology is completely feasible in a laboratory, but the following problems exist in realizing large-scale production: the stacking density of the crop straws or powder is very small, 0.06-0.09 ton/cubic meter, huge sterilization and fermentation equipment and facilities are needed for large-scale production, the investment is large, the production efficiency is very low, the cost is very high, and the economy of large-scale and industrial production is not achieved, namely, the current laboratory technology for producing the protein feed by deep straw fermentation cannot be industrially implemented.
If only the straw or the powder is compressed to obtain the straw compressed material, and then the straw compressed material is fermented, although the unit volume of the straw is obviously reduced, and the equipment investment for sterilization and fermentation is reduced, the mass transfer and heat transfer effects of the material are extremely poor, the solid aerobic deep fermentation cannot be realized, the degradation rate of crude fiber is too low, the feed with high protein content cannot be obtained, the feed has no practical value in nutrition, and the feed cannot be used as the feed for most livestock and poultry such as pigs, chickens, ducks, geese, omnivorous fishes and the like.
At present, a large-scale and industrial production factory for producing the feed with high protein content by taking the straws as raw materials and carrying out deep fermentation is still blank. If the laboratory technology of the deep fermentation of the straws can be converted into a production method for producing the high-protein-content feed in a large scale and industrialization manner, the method makes a great contribution to relieving the contradiction of food struggle between people and livestock in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a production method for producing high-protein-content feed by deep fermentation of straws, which carries out process adjustment and innovation on the laboratory technology for producing the protein feed by the deep fermentation of the straws and aims to realize large-scale and industrial production of the protein feed by the deep fermentation of the straws.
The production method of the invention is to compress the straws or powder before sterilization and fermentation, greatly reduce the unit volume of the straws, and cause the materials to generate plastic deformation or most of the materials to generate plastic deformation by external force, and the volume of the materials is only one fraction, one tenth fraction or even one twentieth fraction of the original volume, thereby reducing the requirements on production equipment and improving the production efficiency. Takes straw compressed materials as raw materials, then selects a strain combination capable of well degrading cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and innovatively adopts negative pressure pulse air to control the materials in the fermentation tankMass transferAnd the heat transfer effect, the temperature and the humidity of the materials in the fermentation tank are controlled, the fermentation effect is improved, the high-efficiency solid aerobic deep fermentation is realized in the fermentation of the compressed materials under the appropriate environment, the feed with high protein content, namely the straw is subjected to deep fermentation, the crude fiber degradation rate is more than 50 percent, and the protein content is increased to more than 10 percent. The production method of the invention can improve the production efficiency of each link of sterilization, fermentation and the like while ensuring that the produced feed has higher nutritional value, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency and reducing the production cost, and further providing economy for realizing the large-scale and industrialization production of high-protein-content feed by deep fermentation of strawsThe feasible practical production scheme of the factory can generate good social benefit and economic benefit.
The specific implementation mode is as follows: 1. compressing the straws, compressing crop straws or powder by using a straw extruding device such as an extruder or a briquetting machine, and performing plastic deformation or most of the materials by using external force to obtain straw compressed materials, or directly purchasing the straw compressed materials as raw materials; 2. sterilizing the straw compressed material and the culture medium auxiliary material respectively; 3. in a clean environment without mixed bacteria, fully mixing the straw compressed material and culture medium auxiliary materials to prepare a culture medium, and fully mixing the prepared culture medium and the strains; 4. transferring the mixture of the culture medium and the strains to a clean fermentation tank without mixed bacteria, and controlling the temperature and the humidity of the materials and the mass and heat transfer of the materials in the fermentation tank by adopting negative pressure pulse air to realize solid aerobic deep fermentation and produce the feed with high protein content; 5. and (4) treating a finished product (discharging, drying, sterilizing, granulating and the like) after fermentation is finished.
Claims (1)
1. A method for producing high protein feed by deep fermentation of straws, which takes compressed straws as raw materials, selects a strain combination capable of well degrading cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and controls mass and heat transfer of materials in a fermentation tank by negative pressure pulse air, thereby realizing the deep aerobic fermentation of straws to produce the high protein feed, and is mainly characterized in that: the straw compressed material is used as a raw material and the mass transfer and heat transfer of the material are controlled by negative pressure pulse air, so that the high-efficiency solid aerobic fermentation is realized, and the large-scale and industrial production of the high-protein feed produced by deep fermentation of the straw is finally realized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010027768.3A CN111034862A (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | Production method for producing high-protein feed by deep fermentation of straws |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010027768.3A CN111034862A (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | Production method for producing high-protein feed by deep fermentation of straws |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111034862A true CN111034862A (en) | 2020-04-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010027768.3A Pending CN111034862A (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | Production method for producing high-protein feed by deep fermentation of straws |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111034862A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3937845A (en) * | 1975-01-08 | 1976-02-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Semi-solid fermentation of straw |
| CN1310949A (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2001-09-05 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | Method for producing straw protein fodder by using microbiological straw fermentation |
| CN1434113A (en) * | 2002-01-22 | 2003-08-06 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Gas-phase double-dynamic solid fermentation technology and fermentation apparatus |
| CN104664063A (en) * | 2015-01-10 | 2015-06-03 | 曹晓斌 | Straw feed technical scheme |
| CN106135676A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-23 | 曹晓斌 | A kind of fermenting crops straws produces the method for albumen feedstuff |
| CN110218656A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-10 | 南京工业大学 | Ganoderma lucidum-herb residue bidirectional solid fermentation method utilizing air pressure pulsation and application |
-
2020
- 2020-01-10 CN CN202010027768.3A patent/CN111034862A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3937845A (en) * | 1975-01-08 | 1976-02-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Semi-solid fermentation of straw |
| CN1310949A (en) * | 2001-01-17 | 2001-09-05 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | Method for producing straw protein fodder by using microbiological straw fermentation |
| CN1434113A (en) * | 2002-01-22 | 2003-08-06 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Gas-phase double-dynamic solid fermentation technology and fermentation apparatus |
| CN104664063A (en) * | 2015-01-10 | 2015-06-03 | 曹晓斌 | Straw feed technical scheme |
| CN106135676A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-23 | 曹晓斌 | A kind of fermenting crops straws produces the method for albumen feedstuff |
| CN110218656A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-10 | 南京工业大学 | Ganoderma lucidum-herb residue bidirectional solid fermentation method utilizing air pressure pulsation and application |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈洪章等: "固态发酵新技术及其反应器的研制", 《化工进展》 * |
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