Drilling machine for cast-in-place pile special for road and bridge construction
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, and particularly relates to a bored concrete pile drilling machine special for road and bridge construction.
Background
The road and bridge is generally composed of a plurality of parts such as a roadbed, a road surface, a bridge, a tunnel engineering facility, a traffic engineering facility and the like. When the road and bridge beam is constructed, a drilling machine is used for drilling holes, then cast-in-place piles are manufactured, and the cast-in-place piles are piles formed by in-place hole forming and pouring concrete or reinforced concrete. Commonly used are: (1) drilling a cast-in-place pile: using a spiral drilling machine, a diving drilling machine and the like to form holes on site and pour concrete to form piles, wherein no vibration and no soil squeezing are generated during construction, but the settlement amount of the piles is slightly larger; (2) sinking a pipe and pouring a pile: the steel pipe with reinforced concrete pile shoe or valve type pile shoe is sunk into the soil by hammering or vibration, then the concrete is poured and the pipe is pulled out simultaneously to form the pile.
Due to the fact that various components in the soil are mixed, particularly hard substances, the density and the stress capacity of each position are different, during drilling, a drill bit can incline due to unbalanced horizontal plane stress, drilled holes are unqualified, and construction is affected; in addition, after drilling is completed, when the drill bit is taken out, a large amount of impurities fall to the bottom of the drilled hole, and during filling, the large amount of impurities can enter the filling column, so that the performance of the filling column is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a special bored concrete pile drilling machine for road and bridge construction, so as to solve the problems that the common drilling machine has inclined drill bit due to unbalanced stress, the construction is influenced, and the performance of a bored concrete pile is influenced due to a large amount of impurities at the bottom when the drill bit is taken out.
Therefore, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a bored concrete pile drilling machine special for road and bridge construction comprises a fixed frame, a roll-over stand and a rotating plate, wherein the left side of the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the fixed frame through the roll-over stand, so that the rotating plate can be horizontally arranged above the fixed frame and can also be vertically arranged outside the fixed frame after being turned over for 90 degrees;
the drill hole positioning device comprises a rotating plate, a limiting cylinder, an orifice positioning baffle assembly and a drilling mechanism, wherein the right side of the rotating plate is provided with a sliding plate capable of sliding up and down through a rail, the right side of the sliding plate is sequentially provided with a first motor and a supporting plate up and down, the top of the conveying auger penetrates through the supporting plate and is driven to rotate by the first motor, the top of the limiting cylinder is fixedly arranged on the supporting plate, the inner surface of the limiting cylinder is in sliding connection with the inner surface of the conveying auger, the side wall of the upper part of the limiting cylinder is provided with an earth outlet, the outer wall of the lower part of the limiting cylinder is sleeved with the orifice positioning;
the lower end of the conveying auger extends out of the limiting cylinder, a drill bit is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the conveying auger, alloy blades which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and jointly enclose an inverted cone are fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the lower end of the conveying auger, a moving ring capable of sliding up and down is further sleeved on the outer surface of the lower end of the conveying auger, and arc plates matched with the number of the alloy blades are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the moving ring; when the shift ring descends to the lowest position, all the arc plates and the alloy blades are just spliced into a complete panel, and when the shift ring ascends to the highest position, all the arc plates are separated from the alloy blades, so that a gap for soil to pass through is formed between the arc plates and the alloy blades.
Preferably, the positioning cylinder comprises inner ring plates, outer ring plates, radial connecting rods and lateral connecting rods, the two inner ring plates are arranged at intervals up and down and are sleeved outside the limiting cylinder at intervals, each inner ring plate is connected with the corresponding outer ring plate through the radial connecting rods which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, the outer wall of each outer ring plate is matched with the diameter of a drilled hole, and the opposite sides of the two outer ring plates are connected through the lateral connecting rods. The hollow structure that two sections link to each other, the inner and outer ring links to each other about adopting can increase the height of a location section of thick bamboo to increase and spacing section of thick bamboo outer wall, the area of contact of drilling inner wall, can alleviate holistic weight again.
Further preferably, a second baffle is fixedly sleeved outside the limiting cylinder, the second baffle is located below the soil outlet, and the diameter of the second baffle is smaller than that of the first baffle. The second baffle is additionally arranged, so that the direct falling of the soil at the soil outlet onto the first baffle is avoided.
Preferably, a second motor is fixedly mounted at the top of the rotating plate, the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected with a lead screw through a coupler, a threaded cylinder is sleeved on the lead screw, and the threaded cylinder is fixedly connected with the sliding plate. The lifting of the sliding plate is realized by adopting the screw rod and nut mechanism, and the movement is stable and reliable.
Preferably, the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear through a coupler, the top end of the conveying auger is fixedly connected with a second bevel gear, and the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are in meshing transmission. The bevel gear set is used for realizing motion steering, simplifying the structure, reducing the occupied space and enabling the whole structure to be compact and reasonable.
Preferably, the bottom of the fixed frame is provided with four movable wheels and four hydraulic cylinders, the bottom end of each hydraulic cylinder is respectively fixed with a bearing plate, and the bottom of the rotating plate is fixedly connected with a supporting rotating wheel. The four moving wheels are in contact with the ground, so that the equipment can move conveniently, the four hydraulic cylinders and the four bearing plates are cooperated to support the equipment, the position of the equipment is ensured to be fixed, the bottom area of the equipment is increased, and the stability of the equipment is improved; the bottom fixedly connected with of rotor plate supports the runner, supports the runner and provides the support to the rotor plate, improve equipment's stability, ensures drilling equipment simultaneously and keeps vertical state.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the drill bit is prevented from inclining due to unbalanced stress, follow-up normal construction is ensured, and the problem that the drill bit inclines due to unbalanced stress of a common drilling machine and construction is influenced is solved.
(2) The drill bit is connected to the bottom end of the conveying auger through threads, and the conveying auger and the limiting cylinder cooperate to lift impurities at the bottom of the drilled hole and discharge the impurities through the soil outlet; the outer surface of the lower end of the conveying auger is fixedly provided with alloy blades which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and jointly enclose an inverted cone, and a moving ring which can slide up and down. When the shift ring descends to the lowest position, all the arc plates and the alloy blades are just spliced into a complete panel, and when the shift ring ascends to the highest position, all the arc plates are separated from the alloy blades, so that a gap for soil to pass through is formed between the arc plates and the alloy blades. During drilling, four arc boards and four alloy blade separation under the reaction of earth, earth can move up through the gap between arc board and the alloy blade, when taking out the drill bit, the arc board receives self and above-mentioned earth's action of gravity to move down, and the alloy blade forms a complete panel with the arc board contact, does not have the impurity of discharging completely to the bottom and takes out, and the bottom has a large amount of impurity when having solved common drilling machine drill bit and taking out, influences the problem of the performance of filling post.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a connecting structure of a conveying auger, an alloy blade, an arc plate and a moving ring;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the positioning cartridge;
fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1-4, a bored concrete pile drilling machine special for road and bridge construction mainly comprises a fixed frame 1, a roll-over stand 2, a rotating plate 3, a sliding plate 4, a first motor 5, a supporting plate 6, a conveying auger 7, a limiting cylinder 8, a first baffle 9, a positioning cylinder 10, a drill bit 11, an alloy blade 12, a moving ring 13, an arc plate 14, a second baffle 15, a second motor 16, a screw rod 17, a threaded cylinder 18, a first bevel gear 19, a second bevel gear 20, four hydraulic cylinders 21, a supporting plate 22, a supporting runner 23, a fixed rotating shaft 24, a backing plate 25 and a moving wheel 26.
The left side of the rotating plate 3 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 1 through the roll-over stand 2, so that the rotating plate 3 can be horizontally arranged above the fixed frame 1 and can be vertically arranged outside the fixed frame 1 after being turned over for 90 degrees.
When the turnover frame is specifically arranged, the turnover frame 2 consists of a horizontal column 2a and an inclined column 2 b. The inclined column 2b is positioned above the horizontal column 2a and forms a right triangle with the rotating plate 3. The left ends of the horizontal column 2a and the inclined column 2b are connected and then can be rotatably sleeved on a fixed rotating shaft 24 above the fixed frame 1. When the roll-over stand 2 drives the rotating plate 3 to turn over to the vertical state, the backing plate 25 above the fixed frame 1 is just supported below the horizontal column 2a, and the roll-over stand 2 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder as the turning-over driving power, but the structure and the driving power of the roll-over stand are not limited to the above. The backing plate 25 supports the drilling equipment through the roll-over stand 2, so that the drilling equipment is further ensured to be kept in a vertical state, and the direction of drilling is ensured not to incline.
A sliding plate 4 capable of sliding up and down is arranged on the right side of the rotating plate 3 through a rail. Preferably, a second motor 16 is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating plate 3, an output end of the second motor 16 is fixedly connected with a screw rod 17 through a coupler, a threaded cylinder 18 is sleeved on the screw rod 17, and the threaded cylinder 18 is fixedly connected with the sliding plate 4. The second motor 16 drives the sliding plate 4 to slide up and down along the track through the screw rod nut mechanism.
The right side of the sliding plate 4 is sequentially provided with a first motor 5 and a supporting plate 6 from top to bottom. The supporting plate 6 is used for installing a conveying auger 7 and a limiting cylinder 8. The top of the conveying auger 7 penetrates through the supporting plate 6 and is driven to rotate by the first motor 5. Preferably, the output end of the first motor 5 is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear 19 through a coupler, the top end of the conveying auger 7 is fixedly connected with a second bevel gear 20, and the first bevel gear 19 and the second bevel gear 20 are in meshing transmission, so that the first motor 5 drives the conveying auger 7 to rotate.
The top of the limiting cylinder 8 is fixedly arranged on the supporting plate 6, and the inner surface of the limiting cylinder 8 is in sliding connection with the inner surface of the conveying auger 7 to form a spiral conveying mechanism. An earth outlet 8a is formed in the side wall of the upper portion of the limiting barrel 8, and an orifice positioning baffle plate assembly is sleeved on the gap of the outer wall of the lower portion of the limiting barrel 8. The orifice positioning baffle plate component can slide up and down relative to the limiting cylinder 8.
The orifice positioning baffle assembly comprises a first baffle 9 larger than the diameter of the bore, and a positioning cylinder 10 having an outer wall matching the diameter of the bore. The positioning cylinder 10 is composed of an inner ring plate 10a, an outer ring plate 10b, radial connecting rods 10c and lateral connecting rods 10 d. The two inner ring plates 10a are arranged at intervals up and down and are sleeved outside the limiting cylinder 8 at intervals, each inner ring plate 10a is connected with the corresponding outer ring plate 10b through a plurality of radial connecting rods 10c which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, and the outer wall of each outer ring plate 10b is matched with the diameter of a drill hole and just can be arranged in the drill hole. The opposite sides of the two outer ring plates 10b are connected by lateral connecting rods 10 d.
The lower end of the conveying auger 7 extends out of the limiting cylinder 8, and a drill bit 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the conveying auger 7. The outer surface of the lower end of the conveying auger 7 is fixedly provided with alloy blades 12 which are uniformly distributed in the circumference and jointly enclose an inverted cone, preferably four alloy blades 12.
The outer surface of the lower end of the conveying auger 7 is also sleeved with a moving ring 13 capable of sliding up and down, and the outer surface of the moving ring 13 is fixedly connected with four arc plates 14 matched with the number of the alloy blades 12, namely the number of the arc plates 14 is four. When the moving ring 13 descends to the lowest position, all the arc plates 14 and the alloy blades 12 are just spliced into a whole panel, and when the moving ring 13 ascends to the highest position, all the arc plates 14 are separated from the alloy blades 12, so that gaps for soil to pass are formed between the arc plates 14 and the alloy blades 12.
Preferably, the limiting cylinder 8 is fixedly sleeved with a second baffle 15, the second baffle 15 is positioned below the soil outlet 8a, and the diameter of the second baffle 15 is smaller than that of the first baffle 9.
The bottom of the fixed frame 1 is provided with four moving wheels 26 and four hydraulic cylinders 21, the bottom end of each hydraulic cylinder 21 is respectively fixed with a bearing plate 22, and the bottom of the rotating plate 3 is fixedly connected with a supporting rotating wheel 23.
During operation, the equipment is conveyed to a position needing drilling through the moving wheel 26 below the fixed frame 1, the four hydraulic cylinders 21 which are uniformly distributed below the fixed frame 1 are opened, and the equipment is supported through the four supporting plates 22 below the four hydraulic cylinders 21, so that the moving wheel 26 below the fixed frame 1 is separated from the ground. The rotating plate 3 is rotated through the roll-over stand 2, the rotating plate 3 horizontally arranged above the fixed mount 1 is in a vertical state after being turned over for 90 degrees, and the horizontal column 2a is just pressed on the backing plate 25 above the fixed mount 1. The supporting wheels 23 at the bottom of the rotating plate 3 are in contact with the ground, and the rotating plate 3 is kept vertical. And (3) turning on the first motor 5, driving the conveying auger 7 to rotate by the first motor 5 through the first bevel gear 19 and the second bevel gear 20, and driving the drill bit 11, the alloy blade 12 and the arc plate 14 to rotate by the conveying auger 7. And (3) opening the second motor 16, driving the screw rod 17 to rotate by the second motor 16, adjusting the height of the sliding plate 4 by the screw rod 17 through the threaded cylinder 18 to enable the drill bit 11 and the alloy blade 12 to be in contact with the ground, starting drilling, enabling the orifice positioning baffle assembly to enter the drilled hole except the first baffle 9, enabling the first baffle 9 to be in contact with the ground, covering the drilled hole, and stopping the orifice positioning baffle assembly to move and keeping the orifice positioning baffle assembly at the top position of the inner cavity of the drilled hole. The arc plate 14 moves upwards relative to the alloy blade 12 under the reaction force of underground soil and is separated from the alloy blade 12, the soil moves upwards relative to the alloy blade 12 through a gap between the arc plate 14 and the alloy blade 12, the soil in the hole is conveyed upwards by a spiral conveying mechanism formed by a conveying auger 7 and a limiting cylinder 8, and finally the soil is discharged through a soil outlet 8a formed in the upper surface of the limiting cylinder 8. When the drilling is finished, the second motor 16 rotates reversely to drive the equipment to leave the drilling hole, when the arc plate 14 ascends, the arc plate moves downwards under the action of gravity of the arc plate and soil on the arc plate, and finally the arc plate contacts with the alloy blade to form a complete panel, so that impurities which are not completely discharged from the bottom are taken out.