CN111013814B

CN111013814B - Open-air household garbage classification treatment process

Info

Publication number: CN111013814B
Application number: CN201911372698.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈富
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-27
Filing date: 2019-12-27
Publication date: 2021-08-10
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-27
Also published as: CN111013814A

Abstract

The invention belongs to garbage treatment equipment and a method in the environmental protection industry, and particularly relates to an open-air household garbage classification treatment process. During operation, a valve of the water inlet pipe is opened, water is injected into the purified water tank through the water inlet pipe, the fishing mechanism and the fishing claws are lifted by the crane, the high-pressure water pump is started, water in the purified water tank is injected into the water storage tank I through the water feeding pipe and the high-pressure water gun, the fishing mechanism and the fishing claws are lifted by the crane and placed on the sorting barrel, the salvaged garbage is selected and fished in the water storage tank II again, redundant suspended slurry enters the sedimentation tank II through the sewage pipe I to be secondarily precipitated, the garbage such as metal, stone, high-density plastic and wood blocks precipitated in the sorting barrel is lifted and guided into the conical hopper I, and other non-magnetic garbage enters the conical hopper II to be secondarily winnowed. The washed garbage is subjected to magnetic separation and air separation for secondary separation, can be recycled according to the properties of the garbage, and is completely and cleanly treated.

Description

Open-air household garbage classification treatment process

Technical Field

The invention belongs to garbage treatment equipment and a method in the environmental protection industry, and particularly relates to an open-air household garbage classification treatment process.

Background

The domestic garbage is solid waste generated by production and activities for carrying out daily life or providing services for daily life by human beings, about 4 hundred million tons of domestic garbage are generated in China every year, the annual growth rate of the domestic garbage is more than 5 percent along with the development of the urbanization process, the domestic garbage accounts for nearly 60 percent, the paper products and the plastic products respectively account for about 10 percent, and the rest type garbage accounts for about 20 percent. About 70% of cities in China fall into the trouble of enclosing the garbage, most of the garbage is stacked in the open air, the water, air and soil can be polluted by the garbage stacked in the open air due to factors such as fermentation and the like, the attractiveness of the cities is influenced, meanwhile, the health and life safety of residents are seriously threatened, and the household garbage needs to be classified and treated in time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provide an open-air domestic garbage classification treatment process which reduces the garbage stacking area and improves the environment and the air quality.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the equipment adopted in the open-air domestic garbage classification treatment process is mainly as follows: the device comprises a water purification tank, a first sedimentation tank, a second sedimentation tank, a fishing mechanism, a first conical hopper, a second conical hopper, a first conveying belt, a second conveying belt and a fan, and is characterized in that the treatment process comprises the following steps: when the garbage salvaging device works, a valve of a water inlet pipe is opened, water is injected into a purified water tank through the water inlet pipe, a salvaging mechanism and a salvaging claw are hoisted by a crane, household garbage is poured into a separation cylinder in a first water storage tank, a control valve II and a control valve I are opened, a high-pressure water pump is started, water in the purified water tank is injected into the first water storage tank through a water feeding pipe and a high-pressure water gun, a control valve III and a control valve IV are opened, water is injected into a second water storage tank, the high-pressure water pump, the control valve II, the control valve I, the control valve III and the control valve IV are closed after the water injection is finished, after the household garbage is soaked for a period of time, metal, stone, high-density plastic and wood garbage directly sink into the bottom of the separation cylinder, the salvaging mechanism and the salvaging claw are hoisted by the crane and placed on the separation cylinder, a motor on the salvaging mechanism is started to enable the salvaging claw to rotate at a low speed, the suspended plastic film density garbage is, the fishing claw is reversed, the garbage of the fishing claw is unloaded, the fishing mechanism and the fishing claw are hoisted into the first water storage tank again by the crane for secondary fishing, the fished garbage is transported into the second water storage tank, the suspended plastic garbage is fished for a plurality of times, the fished garbage is selected and fished in the second water storage tank again, after the selection and the fishing are finished, the fishing claw is replaced by a reamer, a motor in the fishing mechanism drives the reamer to run at high speed, the vegetables and the suspended garbage in the separation cylinder are smashed, a fifth control valve and a fourth control valve are opened, a slurry pump is started, slurry-shaped mixed garbage in the first water storage tank and the second water storage tank is transported into a first sedimentation tank through a first drain pipe, after primary sedimentation in the first sedimentation tank, redundant suspended slurry enters a second sedimentation tank through a drain pipe for secondary sedimentation, redundant water enters a purified water tank through a filter pipe, and the water can be reused after purification treatment, dirt in the purified water tank is discharged through a discharge pipe II, solid garbage precipitated in a first sedimentation tank and a second sedimentation tank is fermented to prepare organic fertilizer, a crane conveys the garbage fished out by a fishing claw in a second water storage tank into a conical hopper II, a first fan, a second fan, a third fan and a fourth fan are started, a first servo motor below the conical hopper II is started, power is transmitted to a first driving roller through a first speed reducer to drive a second conveying belt and a guide roller to run anticlockwise, the wind power of the first fan, the second fan, the third fan and the fourth fan is sequentially increased when the garbage runs on the second conveying belt, the garbage with different densities is respectively blown into wind cylinders corresponding to the four fans to be stacked in different winnowing material stacking areas, the crane lifts a separation cylinder to hoist the metal, stone, high-density plastic and wood garbage precipitated in the separation cylinder and guide the metal, stone, high-density plastic and wood garbage into the conical hopper I, the second servo motor below the conical hopper is started, and the second speed reducer and the second driving roller are driven to simultaneously run anticlockwise, the magnetic metal piece is magnetically attracted by the magnetic separation roller and conveyed to the lower part, the magnetic metal piece gradually loses magnetic force due to the isolation of the first conveying belt, falls onto the guide plate and is gathered in the magnetic separation stacking area to be recycled, other non-magnetic garbage enters the conical hopper II to be subjected to secondary air separation, the air separation step in the air separation system area is as described in the previous step, and the garbage with different densities is respectively blown to different air separation stacking areas.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the open-air domestic garbage sorting treatment process mainly aims at washing and selecting putrefactive garbage stacked in the open air or even buried underground, the washed and selected garbage is subjected to magnetic separation and air separation for secondary sorting, the garbage can be reused according to the properties of the garbage, and the whole sorting process adopts a programmable logic controller to realize automatic control. The garbage can be treated cleanly and thoroughly, and used mechanical equipment is reasonable and compact, occupies small space, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

Drawings

The following description is made in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an installation diagram of an open-air domestic waste classification treatment process.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the screening arrangement of fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a view of the conical hopper of figure 1.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a control system of an open-air domestic waste classification treatment process device.

In the figure, 1-water inlet pipe valve; 2-water inlet pipe; 3-purifying the water tank; 4-control valve one; 5-high pressure water pump; 6-a filter pipe; 7-a second sedimentation tank; 8-a sewage pipe; 9-a first sedimentation tank; 10-a water supply pipe; 11-a first sewage draining pipe; 12-a crane; 13-a fishing mechanism; 14-fishing claws; 15-a water storage tank I; 16-high pressure water gun; 17-control valve two; 18-a second water storage tank; 19-a conical hopper I; 20, conveying a first belt; 21-a magnetic separation roller; 22-a conical hopper II; 23-a first fan; 24-a second fan; 25-fan III; 26-fan four; 27-conveying belt two; 28-a guide roller; 29-an air duct; 30-a servo motor I; 31-a first speed reducer; 32-driving the first roller; 33-a servo motor II; 34-a second speed reducer; 35-driving a second roller; 36-control valve three; 37-control valve four; 38-main drain pipe; 39-control valve five; 40-a slurry pump; 41-crane frame; 42-a sewage discharge pipe II; 43-a guide plate; a-winnowing and stacking a first area; b, a second air separation and stacking area; c, a winnowing and stacking area; d-winnowing and stacking four areas; e-a residual garbage material area after selection; f-magnetic separation stacking area.

Detailed Description

The embodiment, referring to the attached figures 1-3, the open-air domestic garbage classification treatment process flow is as follows:

when the garbage sorting device works, the valve 1 of the water inlet pipe is opened, water is injected into the purified water tank 3 through the water inlet pipe 2, after the water reaches a certain depth, the valve 1 of the water inlet pipe is closed, the fishing mechanism 13 and the fishing claws 14 are hoisted by the crane 12 on the crane frame 41, and the household garbage is poured into the sorting barrel in the first water storage tank 15. After the garbage is poured, the control valve II 17 and the control valve I4 are opened, the high-pressure water pump 5 is started, water in the purified water tank 3 is filled into the water storage tank I15 through the water feeding pipe 10 and the high-pressure water gun 16, the control valve III 36 and the control valve IV 37 are opened to fill water into the water storage tank II 18, and the high-pressure water pump 5, the control valve II 17, the control valve I4, the control valve III 36 and the control valve IV 37 are closed after the water filling is completed. After the domestic garbage is soaked for a period of time, the garbage such as metal, stone, high-density plastics, wood blocks and the like directly sinks to the bottom of the sorting cylinder in the first water storage tank 15. The crane 12 lifts the fishing mechanism 13 and the fishing claw 14 to the sorting barrel, the motor on the fishing mechanism 13 is started, the fishing claw 14 rotates at a low speed, and suspended plastic film garbage with light density is hung. The crane 12 then lifts the fishing mechanism 13 and the grappling claw 14 and the garbage on the grappling claw 14 and transports them into the second water storage tank 18, and the grappling claw 14 is reversed to discharge the garbage on the grappling claw 14. The crane 12 again hoists the fishing mechanism 13 and the claw 14 to the first water storage tank 15 for secondary fishing and transports the fished garbage to the second water storage tank 18. The suspended plastic garbage can be salvaged for multiple times, and the salvaged garbage is selected and salvaged again in the second water storage tank 18. After the selection and fishing are finished, the fishing claw 14 is replaced by the reamer, the motor drives the reamer to rotate at a high speed, suspended garbage such as vegetables and the like in the separation cylinder is smashed, the control valve five 39 and the control valve four 37 are opened, the slurry pump 40 is started, and slurry mixed garbage in the water storage tank one 15 and the water storage tank two 18 is conveyed to the sedimentation tank one 9 through the drain pipe one 11 and the main drain pipe 38. After the primary sedimentation is carried out in the sedimentation tank I9, redundant suspended mud enters the sedimentation tank II 7 through the sewage pipe 8 for secondary sedimentation, redundant water and the like enter the purified water tank 3 through the filter pipe 6, the water can be reused after being purified, and dirt and the like in the purified water tank 3 are discharged through the sewage discharge pipe II 42. And fermenting the solid garbage precipitated in the first sedimentation tank 9 and the second sedimentation tank 7 to prepare the organic fertilizer. The crane 12 transports the garbage fished out by the fishing claw 14 in the second water storage tank 18 to the second conical hopper 22, the first fan 23, the second fan 24, the third fan 25 and the fourth fan 26 are started, the four fans are respectively matched with the four air cylinders 29, and the wind power of the four fans of the first fan 23 to the fourth fan 26 is sequentially increased. And starting a servo motor I30 arranged below the conical hopper II 22, transmitting power to a driving roller I32 through a speed reducer I31, driving a conveying belt II 27 and a guide roller 28 to run anticlockwise, and increasing the wind power of a fan I23, a fan II 24, a fan III 25 and a fan IV 26 in sequence when garbage runs on the conveying belt II 27. The garbage with different densities is respectively blown into air ducts 29 corresponding to the four fans and is accumulated in different air separation and material accumulation areas, a crane 12 lifts a separation drum in the water storage tank II 18, the garbage such as metal, stone, high-density plastic, wood blocks and the like precipitated in the separation drum in the water storage tank II 18 is lifted and guided into a conical hopper I19, a servo motor II 33 arranged below the conical hopper I19 is started to drive a speed reducer II 34 and a driving roller II 35 to simultaneously run anticlockwise, the magnetic metal piece is magnetically attracted by a magnetic separation roller 21 and is conveyed to the lower part, and the magnetic metal piece gradually loses magnetic force due to the isolation of a conveying belt I20, falls onto a guide plate 43, is accumulated in the magnetic separation and material accumulation area f and is to be recycled. And other non-magnetic garbage enters the second conical hopper 22 to be secondarily sorted. The air separation step in the air separation system area is as described above, the garbage with different densities is respectively blown to different air separation stacking areas, the garbage waste with large density and no magnetism is stacked in the residual garbage area e after the air separation, and the garbage waste is intensively buried deeply; the garbage after air separation is respectively stacked in an air separation stacking first area a, an air separation stacking second area b, an air separation stacking third area c and an air separation stacking fourth area d. The method can be used for preparing the biological fertilizer, renewable resources of plastics and paper are recycled, and garbage which cannot be recycled is compressed by a compressor and then is treated. Referring to the attached figure 4, the open-air domestic waste classification treatment process adopts a PLC control module to control the frequency converter and four paths of emergency stop signals to be effective through the connection of a control power supply. The self-checking system is in control connection with the frequency converter, is not connected with emergency shutdown and is in control connection with a servo motor, the servo motor is in control connection with a speed reducer, and the speed reducer is in control connection with a fishing and crushing mechanism. The emergency stop signal is effectively connected with the emergency stop and the system self-checking, the system self-checking control is connected with the frequency converter, the frequency converter is connected with the servo motor in a control mode, and the servo motor is respectively connected with the slurry pump, the winnowing system and the high-pressure water pump and the hypochlorous acid system in a control mode.

Claims

1. An open-air domestic garbage classification treatment process, wherein the adopted equipment mainly comprises the following steps: the device comprises a water purification tank (3), a first sedimentation tank (9), a second sedimentation tank (7), a fishing mechanism (13), a first conical hopper (19), a second conical hopper (22), a first conveying belt (20), a second conveying belt (27) and a fan, and is characterized in that the treatment process is as follows: when the device works, a valve (1) of a water inlet pipe is opened, water is injected into a purification water tank (3) through a water inlet pipe (2), a crane (12) lifts a fishing mechanism (13) and a fishing claw (14), household garbage is poured into a separation cylinder in a water storage tank I (15), a control valve II (17) and a control valve I (4) are opened, a high-pressure water pump (5) is started, water in the purification water tank (3) is injected into the water storage tank I (15) through a water feeding pipe (10) and a high-pressure water gun (16), a control valve III (36) and a control valve IV (37) are opened to inject water into the water storage tank II (18), the high-pressure water pump (5), the control valve II (17), the control valve I (4), the control valve III (36) and the control valve IV (37) are closed after water injection is finished, after the household garbage is soaked for a period of time, metal, stone blocks, high-density plastic and wood garbage directly sink to the bottom of the separation cylinder, the method comprises the steps that a crane (12) lifts a fishing mechanism (13) and a fishing claw (14) to be placed on a sorting barrel, a motor on the fishing mechanism (13) is started to enable the fishing claw (14) to rotate at a low speed, garbage with light suspended plastic film density is hung, then the crane (12) lifts the fishing mechanism (13), the fishing claw (14) and the garbage on the fishing claw (14) to be conveyed into a second water storage tank (18), the fishing claw (14) rotates reversely to unload the garbage of the fishing claw (14), the crane (12) lifts the fishing mechanism (13) and the fishing claw (14) to the first water storage tank (15) again to carry out secondary fishing and convey the fished garbage into the second water storage tank (18), the suspended plastic garbage is fished for multiple times, the fished garbage is selected and fished again in the second water storage tank (18), after the fishing is finished, the fishing claw (14) is replaced by a reamer, and the motor in the fishing mechanism (13) drives the reamer to operate at a high speed, crushing vegetables and suspended garbage in the sorting barrel, opening a control valve five (39) and a control valve four (37), starting a slurry pump (40), conveying slurry-like mixed garbage in a water storage tank I (15) and a water storage tank II (18) into a sedimentation tank I (9) through a drain pipe I (11), performing primary sedimentation in the sedimentation tank I (9), allowing redundant suspended slurry to enter a sedimentation tank II (7) through a sewage pipe (8) for secondary sedimentation, allowing redundant water to enter a purified water tank (3) through a filter pipe (6), performing purification treatment and then reusing, discharging dirt in the purified water tank (3) through a drain pipe II (42), fermenting solid garbage precipitated in the sedimentation tank I (9) and the sedimentation tank II (7) to prepare an organic fertilizer, and conveying the garbage fished out in the water storage tank II (18) by a fishing claw (14) into a conical hopper II (22) through a crane (12), starting a first servo motor (30) below a second conical hopper (22), transmitting power to a first driving roller (32) through a first speed reducer (31) to drive a second conveying belt (27) and a guide roller (28) to run anticlockwise, increasing wind power of the first fan (23), the second fan (24), the third fan (25) and the fourth fan (26) when garbage runs on the second conveying belt (27), blowing the garbage with different densities into wind cylinders (29) corresponding to the four fans respectively, accumulating the garbage in different winnowing and stacking areas, hoisting a sorting barrel by a crane (12), hoisting and guiding metal, stone, high-density plastic and wood block garbage deposited in the sorting barrel into the first conical hopper (19), starting a second servo motor (33) below the first conical hopper (19), and the second speed reducer (34) and the second driving roller (35) are driven to simultaneously rotate anticlockwise, the magnetic metal piece is magnetically attracted by the magnetic separation roller (21), after the magnetic metal piece is conveyed to the lower part, the magnetic force of the metal piece is gradually lost due to the isolation of the first conveying belt, the metal piece falls onto the guide plate (43) and is gathered in the magnetic separation stacking area (f), other garbage without magnetism enters the second conical hopper (22) to be recycled, secondary air separation is carried out, the air separation steps in the air separation system area are described as before, and the garbage with different densities are respectively blown to different air separation stacking areas.