CN111007321A - Processing circuit, electronic device and ground impedance detection method of power supply output end - Google Patents
Processing circuit, electronic device and ground impedance detection method of power supply output end Download PDFInfo
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- CN111007321A CN111007321A CN201911294944.3A CN201911294944A CN111007321A CN 111007321 A CN111007321 A CN 111007321A CN 201911294944 A CN201911294944 A CN 201911294944A CN 111007321 A CN111007321 A CN 111007321A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/20—Measuring earth resistance; Measuring contact resistance, e.g. of earth connections, e.g. plates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/16—Measuring impedance of element or network through which a current is passing from another source, e.g. cable, power line
- G01R27/18—Measuring resistance to earth, i.e. line to ground
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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Abstract
The invention provides a processing circuit, electronic equipment and a ground impedance detection method of a power output end, wherein the processing circuit comprises a first voltage source, a first switch unit, a control unit, a second switch unit, an adjustable current source unit and a voltage detection unit; the adjustable current source unit and the second switch unit are connected in series between a second voltage source and the power supply output end; the control unit is respectively connected with the adjustable current source unit, the first switch unit, the second switch unit and the voltage detection unit; the voltage of the first voltage source is greater than the voltage of the second voltage source; the voltage detection unit is connected with the power output end through the second switch unit. The invention can provide basis for avoiding potential safety hazards and dangers. Meanwhile, because different grounding impedance ranges are associated with the generation reasons of the grounding impedance, the method and the device can judge the generation reasons of the grounding impedance, thereby being beneficial to timely and accurately handling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power supply, in particular to a processing circuit of a power output end, power supply equipment and a ground impedance detection method.
Background
The electronic device may include an electric device and a power supply device, and the power supply device may be connected to the electric device by a pluggable cable or a fixedly connected cable.
In the prior art, before power supply equipment supplies power to the outside, the size of the load connected to the outside is difficult to learn, if the load is too low (for example, short circuit or micro short circuit occurs), high temperature of an interface and even burning are easily caused to cause accidents, if an accessed object has liquid such as sweat and the like, although the impedance is not low, voltage output is kept for a long time, metal corrosion of a power pin and a ground pin in a cable can be accelerated, further, the corrosion can cause contact impedance to be increased, so that heating and aggregation at the interface are generated, and the interface can be deformed or burnt in serious cases. The load can be regarded as an impedance to ground of the supply side of the power supply.
Therefore, potential safety hazards and dangers are easily caused by the fact that the impedance of the power supply end of the power supply is not known in advance in the conventional power supply equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a processing circuit of a power output end, power supply equipment and a ground impedance detection method, which aim to solve the problem that potential safety hazards and dangers are easy to generate.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a processing circuit of a power output end is provided, which includes a first switch unit disposed between a first voltage source and the power output end, a control unit, a second switch unit, an adjustable current source unit, and a voltage detection unit; the adjustable current source unit and the second switch unit are connected in series between a second voltage source and the power supply output end; the control unit is respectively connected with the adjustable current source unit, the first switch unit, the second switch unit and the voltage detection unit, and the voltage of the first voltage source is greater than that of the second voltage source;
the voltage detection unit is connected with the power supply output end through the second switch unit and is used for detecting the voltage range of the voltage of the power supply output end;
the control unit is used for:
when the first switch unit is kept disconnected, the second switch unit is controlled to be conducted, so that the second voltage source, the adjustable current source unit and the power supply output end are sequentially conducted;
adjusting the current value of the current output to the power supply output end by the second voltage source through the adjustable current source unit;
and determining an impedance range to ground of the power supply output end according to the different current values determined by the adjustment and the detected voltage range, wherein different impedance ranges to ground are associated with reasons for generation of the impedance to ground, and at least two different impedance ranges to ground are determined according to the different current values determined by the adjustment of the adjustable current source unit.
Optionally, the control unit is further configured to: and when the first switch unit is kept off, controlling the on-off of the first switch unit and the second switch unit according to the impedance range to ground.
Optionally, when the control unit controls the on/off of the first switch unit according to the impedance range to ground, the control unit is specifically configured to implement at least one of the following:
if the impedance range to ground matches with the impedance to ground when the electric equipment is normally connected, controlling the first switch unit to be connected, and controlling the second switch unit to be disconnected, and performing handshaking communication with the electric equipment;
and if the impedance range to ground is matched with the impedance to ground when the power supply output end or a power supply pin of a cable connected with the power supply output end is short-circuited to ground, controlling the first switch unit to be kept off, and enabling the first switch unit to be forbidden to be switched on.
Optionally, the impedance range to ground of the power output includes at least one of:
a no-load impedance range that matches the no-load impedance of the power supply output;
a short-circuit impedance range matching an impedance to ground at a time of a ground short circuit or a micro short circuit of the power supply output terminal or a power supply pin of a cable connected thereto;
the impedance range when the foreign object is connected is matched with the impedance to ground when the foreign object is connected into the power supply output end and the ground;
a saline fluid access impedance range matching an impedance to ground when saline fluid is accessed between the power supply output and ground;
the impedance range during electric leakage is matched with the impedance to ground when the electric leakage occurs at the power input end or the power pin of the cable connected with the power input end and the current value of the electric leakage is greater than the threshold value;
optionally, the voltage detection unit includes a comparator; one input end of the comparator is used for connecting a reference voltage, and the other input end of the comparator is connected to the power supply output end;
the control unit is further used for adjusting the voltage value of the reference voltage, wherein the voltage value of the reference voltage is determined according to the upper limit value and/or the lower limit value of each voltage range, and at least two different grounding impedance ranges are determined according to the different adjusted and determined reference voltages.
Optionally, when the control unit determines, according to the different currents determined by the adjustment and the detected voltage range, an impedance range to ground where the impedance to ground of the power output terminal is located, the control unit is specifically configured to:
when the current value of the current is adjusted to be a minimum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be a maximum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power output end is a voltage range larger than the maximum target voltage, then: determining the impedance range of the power supply output end to the ground is the impedance range in no load;
when the current value of the current is adjusted to be a maximum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be a minimum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power output end is a voltage range smaller than the minimum target voltage, then: and determining the impedance range of the power supply output end to the ground as the impedance range in short circuit.
Optionally, adjusting the voltage value of the determined reference voltage includes at least two target voltage values, where a maximum target voltage value is k times a minimum target voltage value, where k is greater than or equal to 10;
adjusting the determined current value includes at least two target current values, wherein a maximum target current value is n times a minimum target current value, wherein n is greater than or equal to 1000.
Optionally, adjusting the determined current value comprises at least two target current values,
when the current value of the current output from the second voltage source to the power output end is adjusted and determined by the adjustable current source unit, the control unit is specifically configured to:
and sequentially adjusting the current value of the current to the at least two target current values from large to small, wherein the adjustment of the current value is periodically implemented.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting an impedance to ground of a power output terminal, applied to a control unit in a processing circuit of the power output terminal, where the processing circuit includes a first switching unit disposed between a first voltage source and the power output terminal, and a second switching unit disposed between the second voltage source and the first switching unit, and a voltage of the first voltage source is greater than a voltage of the second voltage source; the method comprises the following steps:
when the first switch unit is kept disconnected, the second switch unit is controlled to be conducted, so that the second voltage source and the power supply output end can be conducted;
adjusting the current value of the current output to the power supply output end by the second voltage source;
and determining an impedance range to ground of the power supply output end according to the different current values determined by the adjustment and the detected voltage range, wherein different impedance ranges to ground are associated with the reason for generating the impedance to ground, and at least two different impedance ranges to ground are determined according to the different current values determined by the adjustment.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power supply apparatus comprising the processing circuitry of the power supply output according to the first aspect and its alternatives.
In the processing circuit, the power supply equipment and the method for detecting the earth impedance of the power supply output end, when the first switch unit is controlled to be switched off (namely, when the power supply end does not supply power with required higher voltage), the second voltage source with lower voltage is used for supplying power to the power supply end, the voltage detection unit is used for detecting the voltage of the power supply end during power supply, and further, the earth impedance of the power supply end can be effectively detected based on the detection result. Therefore, the ground impedance can be detected before the first voltage source supplies power to the outside, so that potential safety hazards and dangers caused by the fact that power is still supplied to the outside when the ground impedance is abnormal can be prevented, and a basis is provided for avoiding the potential safety hazards and the dangers.
Meanwhile, the current output to the power supply end of the power supply by the second voltage source is adjusted, so that the grounding impedance range where the current grounding impedance is located can be conveniently and accurately determined within a larger grounding impedance span, and further, because different grounding impedance ranges are associated with the generation reasons of the grounding impedance, the method can also be understood as being capable of judging the cause of the grounding impedance, so that timely and accurate response is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first schematic diagram illustrating a processing circuit of a power output terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the voltage detection unit, the control unit and the power output terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a second schematic diagram of a processing circuit of the power output terminal according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
11-a first voltage source;
12-a first switching unit;
13-power supply output;
14-a control unit;
15-a voltage detection unit;
151-a comparator;
16-a second voltage source;
17-an adjustable current source unit;
18-a second switching unit;
100-a power supply device;
200-access circuit;
isrc-current source;
VIN-a first voltage source;
VDD-second voltage source;
VOUT-power supply output terminal;
VCON-power supply pin;
switch-analog Switch;
a FET-field effect transistor;
a Comp-comparator;
rload-load impedance;
fig. 4 is a first schematic flow chart of an impedance to ground detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a ground impedance detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, as well as in the drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with specific examples. The following several specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a first schematic diagram of a processing circuit of a power output terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The processing circuit according to this embodiment may be an integrated chip or a functional module inside an integrated chip, and any circuit that can satisfy the following description does not depart from the description of this embodiment. The processing circuit is understood to be a circuit in the power supply device. Also, the present embodiment does not exclude the case where they are distributed among different devices.
Referring to fig. 1, the processing circuit of the power output terminal includes a first switch unit 12 disposed between a first voltage source 11 and the power output terminal 13. It should be understood that, in the related art, for the circuit form of the power supply terminal of the power supply, in the specific implementation process, other devices may also be connected in series and/or in parallel, as long as the above description is satisfied, and no matter whether other devices are configured, the description of the present embodiment is not deviated from.
The power output terminal 13 can be understood as: if the processing circuit is applied to a power supply device, the power supply terminal 13 may be one end (for example, a power pin of the power supply device) to which a cable or a power consumption device is fixedly or detachably connected, and the configuration of the power supply output terminal 13 may vary according to different power supply modes, for example, may be a USB Type C interface.
The first switch unit 12 may be any device capable of turning on and off, such as a Field Effect Transistor, which may also be characterized as a FET, which is an abbreviation of Field Effect Transistor.
The first voltage source is understood to be any device or collection of devices capable of providing a direct current for the power supply of the consumer, and may be, for example, an AC-DC or DC-DC power supply device or combination of devices in the power supply.
In this embodiment, the processing circuit of the power output terminal may further include a control unit 14, a second switch unit 18, an adjustable current source unit 17, and a voltage detection unit 15.
The adjustable current source unit 17 and the second switching unit 18 are connected in series between the second voltage source 16 and the power output terminal 13; furthermore, when the first switch unit 18 is turned on, the power supplied by the second voltage source 16 can be delivered to the power output terminal 13, and the adjustable current source unit 17 therein can adjust the current during delivery. By means of the above second voltage source 16, the adjustable current source unit 17 and the second switching unit 18, a circuit basis for facilitating impedance detection to ground can be created.
The adjustable current source unit 17 may be any device or a collection of devices capable of adjusting the current generated by the adjustable current source unit based on the supplied voltage, for example, the adjustable current source unit 17 may include a current source connected in series between the second voltage source and the power supply output terminal; in another example, the adjustable current source unit 17 may also be implemented by using a pull-up resistor with controllable on/off, for example, the adjustable current source unit may include a resistor component, and the resistor component may include, for example, a plurality of resistor branches connected in parallel, where different resistor branches may generate the same impedance or different impedances, and the adjustment of the current may also be implemented by selecting the resistor branches that are turned on (including a case where a plurality of branches are turned on simultaneously, and a case where a single branch is turned on separately).
The second switch unit 18 may be any device capable of being turned on and turned off, for example, an analog switch, which is turned on to supply power and can be turned off when the first switch unit 12 is turned on, and then the power supply of the power output terminal 13 causes damage to the adjustable current source unit 17 when normal power supply is avoided, that is: the second switching unit 18 may isolate the adjustable current source unit 17 from possible high voltage damage at the power supply output 13. In this embodiment, the second switch unit 18 may be an analog switch capable of isolating high voltage.
The control unit 14 is respectively connected to the adjustable current source unit 17 and the voltage detection unit 15, and the first switch unit 12 and the second switch unit 18, and the voltage of the first voltage source 11 is greater than the voltage of the second voltage source 16; the voltage of the second voltage source may be a low-voltage operating voltage of the circuit, for example, 3.3V, and the voltage of the first voltage source may be a voltage of a normal power supply, for example, 5V. The second voltage source 16 may be obtained by stepping down the first voltage source 11, or may be a separately provided voltage source, for example, the voltage may be provided by a device other than the first voltage source 11.
The voltage detection unit 15 is connected to the power supply output 13 via the second switching unit 18, which can be understood as any circuit unit for detecting the voltage range in which the voltage of the power supply output is located. The voltage range may be a voltage range greater than a certain target voltage value or a voltage range less than a certain target voltage value.
Wherein, through the disconnection of second switch unit 18, also can avoid power supply of power output 13 to cause the damage to voltage detection unit 15 when normal power supply, promptly: the second switching unit 18 may isolate the voltage detection unit 15 from damage by high voltages that may occur at the power supply output 13.
The control unit 14 according to this embodiment may be any circuit unit that can implement the corresponding control function, and it may be a single integrated chip, or may be a functional unit inside a certain chip, and it may implement the corresponding function described in this embodiment by building a circuit, or implement the corresponding function described in this embodiment by executing a program, and this embodiment does not exclude a mode in which a circuit and a program are combined to implement this embodiment. Meanwhile, the control unit 14 may be a control portion (for example, an information processing circuit) of the power supply apparatus integrated together, or the control unit 14 and the control portion may be separate and distinct circuits.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage detection unit, a control unit and a power output terminal according to an embodiment of the invention.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the voltage detection unit 15 includes a comparator 151; one input terminal of the comparator 151 is used for receiving a reference voltage, and the other input terminal is connected to the power output terminal 13, for example, the other input terminal can be connected to the power output terminal 13 via a second switch unit 18. Also, means for additional access to other devices are not excluded.
In a specific implementation, the voltage value of the reference voltage may be adjustable, for example, may be controlled via the control unit 14, and further, the control unit 14 is further configured to adjust the voltage value of the reference voltage, where the voltage value of the reference voltage is determined according to an upper limit value and/or a lower limit value of each voltage range, and at least two different impedance ranges to ground are determined according to different adjusted and determined reference voltages.
In other embodiments, the voltage detection unit 15 may also be implemented by an analog-to-digital converter ADC of voltage.
In this embodiment, the control unit 14 is configured to:
when the first switch unit 12 is kept off, the second switch unit 18 is controlled to be turned on, so that the second voltage source 11, the adjustable current source unit 17 and the power output end 13 are sequentially turned on;
adjusting the current value of the current output from the second voltage source 16 to the power output terminal 13 by the adjustable current source unit 17;
and determining the impedance range of the earth impedance of the power supply output end 13 according to the different current values determined by the adjustment and the detected voltage range.
The impedance range to ground is understood to mean any specified impedance range over the span of impedances to be detected.
In the impedance to ground, the condition of the impedance to ground may be, for example, a low impedance in which a corresponding power pin is short-circuited to ground (for example, a stub power pin of an external charging cable and a ground pin are directly short-circuited or short-time and short-time close short-circuited), or, for example, an impedance of about several hundred to several thousand ohms appears between the corresponding power pin and the ground pin due to salt water or sweat, or, for example, an insertion impedance of about several ten thousand to several hundred thousand ohms is represented when an electric device (for example, a mobile phone) is connected (at this time, a power output is in a power channel off state). As can be seen, the span of the impedance to ground is large, and the present embodiment facilitates corresponding countermeasures based on the measured impedance range by determining the impedance range to ground within the span. Therefore, in this embodiment, different impedance to ground ranges are associated with the cause of the impedance to ground, and at least two different impedance to ground ranges are determined according to different current values determined by the adjustable current source unit adjustment, which can also be understood as: at least two different impedance to ground ranges are determined at different current values determined by the adjustable current source unit adjustment.
In one embodiment, the impedance range to ground of the power output terminal includes at least one of:
a no-load impedance range matching an impedance to ground at no-load of the power supply output when the first switching unit remains off; it is understood that under the premise that the power supply is disconnected (i.e. when the first switch is turned off), the input impedance range of the normal electric equipment is matched with the impedance to ground when the electric equipment is normally connected to the power supply output end (when the first switch is turned off) and the ground; for example, may be greater than 3M ohms (i.e., 3000K ohms);
the impedance range in normal power supply is matched with the impedance to ground when the electric equipment is normally connected to the power output end and the ground; for example, 30K to 3000K ohms;
a short-circuit impedance range matching an impedance to ground at a time of a ground short circuit or a micro short circuit of the power supply output terminal or a power supply pin of a cable connected thereto; it may be, for example, 0 to 300 ohms;
the impedance range when the foreign object is connected is matched with the impedance to ground when the foreign object is connected into the power supply output end and the ground; it may be, for example, between 30K and 3000K ohms;
a saline fluid access impedance range matching an impedance to ground when saline fluid is accessed between the power supply output and ground; it may be, for example, 300 to 3K ohms; the saline liquid therein may be, for example, saline, sweat, or some other relatively low impedance material;
the impedance range during electric leakage is matched with the impedance to ground when the electric leakage occurs at the power input end or the power pin of the cable connected with the power input end and the current value of the electric leakage is greater than the threshold value; the leakage current may be generated by a certain degree of interface blockage short circuit, interface moisture or general quality, and the electronic load with a larger leakage current is connected, and may be specifically 3K to 30K ohms.
The impedance range during no-load, the impedance range during normal power supply, the impedance range during electric leakage, the impedance range during salt-containing liquid access and the impedance range during short circuit can be distributed in sequence from large to small; the impedance range when the foreign object is connected in can be smaller than the impedance range when no load exists and larger than the impedance range when leakage exists.
When the impedance range to ground is determined, the impedance range to ground can be determined according to the interval range of the voltage measured after the current is adjusted for a single time, and can also be determined according to the value range of the voltage obtained each time after the current is adjusted for multiple times.
Since the span of the impedance to ground is large, for example, it is necessary to span the range of 0 to 3M ohms, the current value of the above-mentioned current and the voltage value of the reference voltage can be correspondingly selected to match the span.
In one embodiment, adjusting the voltage value of the determined reference voltage includes at least two target voltage values, where the largest target voltage value is k times the smallest target voltage value, where k is greater than or equal to 10. Adjusting the determined current value includes at least two target current values, wherein a maximum target current value is n times a minimum target current value, wherein n is greater than or equal to 1000. Based on the values of n and k exemplified herein, it is convenient to more efficiently complete all the above-listed impedance ranges while blocking the impedance range detection.
In addition, the target current value and the target voltage value may be varied according to the requirement, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value may be varied according to the requirement, for example, k may not be limited to a range greater than or equal to 10, n may not be limited to a range greater than or equal to 1000, and all of them are varied in value or number, and no matter how they are varied, they do not depart from the embodiment.
Based on the configured target current value and target voltage value, because the impedance to ground is maximum when no load exists, the test can be performed by adjusting the current to be minimum and the maximum reference voltage for convenience of test, the impedance to ground is minimum when short circuit or micro short circuit exists, the test can be performed by adjusting the current to be maximum and the minimum reference voltage for convenience of test, and further:
when the control unit determines the impedance range of the impedance to ground of the power output end according to the different currents determined by the adjustment and the detected voltage range, the control unit is specifically configured to:
when the current value of the current is adjusted to be a minimum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be a maximum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power output end is a voltage range larger than the maximum target voltage, then: determining the impedance range of the power supply output end to the ground is the impedance range in no load;
when the current value of the current is adjusted to be a maximum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be a minimum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power output end is a voltage range smaller than the minimum target voltage, then: and determining the impedance range of the power supply output end to the ground as the impedance range in short circuit.
In the above scheme, when the first switch unit is controlled to be turned off (that is, when the power supply terminal is not supplied with power at a required higher voltage), the power supply terminal can be supplied with power by the second voltage source with a smaller voltage, and the voltage of the power supply terminal can be detected by the voltage detection unit during power supply, so that the impedance to ground of the power supply terminal can be effectively detected based on the detection result. Furthermore, the embodiment can detect the impedance to ground before the first voltage source supplies power to the outside, thereby being beneficial to preventing potential safety hazard and danger caused by external power supply when the impedance to ground is abnormal, and providing basis for avoiding the potential safety hazard and the danger.
Meanwhile, the current output to the power supply end of the power supply by the second voltage source is adjusted, so that the impedance range of the current impedance to ground can be conveniently and accurately determined within a large span of the impedance to ground, and further, because different impedance ranges to ground are associated with the generation reasons of the impedance to ground, the cause of the impedance to ground can be judged, so that timely and accurate response is facilitated.
It should be noted that, in some technologies, the command to turn on or off the power output terminal may also come from the judgment of other signal lines (for example, the CC line of the USB Type C interface is pulled down by a pull-down resistor to Ground (GND) of 5.1K ohms to indicate that the standard USB Type C device load is connected), or the response to the environmental state change (for example, the first switch unit such as the FET is controlled to be turned off after the interface temperature is too high), or from the visual judgment of the operator (for example, a corresponding button is pressed after the judgment), and it is seen that in these technologies, in any way, the actual situation of the ground impedance is difficult to be known before the main power channel is turned on, and the scheme related to this embodiment may perform the judgment in the case that the main power channel is turned off. As mentioned above, compared with the prior art, the present embodiment is advantageous to prevent the potential safety hazard and danger caused by the external power supply when the ground impedance is abnormal, provide a basis for avoiding the potential safety hazard and danger, and determine the cause of the ground impedance, thereby facilitating timely and accurate handling.
In one embodiment, the control unit 14 is further configured to: and when the first switch unit is kept off, controlling the on-off of the first switch unit and the second switch unit according to the impedance range to ground.
Besides controlling the on-off, at least one of the following processes can be implemented: reporting an alarm signal; reporting the value of the impedance to the ground or the impedance range to the ground, adjusting the reference voltage, adjusting the current delivered to the power supply output end by the second voltage source, implementing handshaking communication and the like.
In a specific implementation process, when the control unit 14 controls the on-off of the first switch unit according to the impedance range to ground, at least one of the following may be specifically implemented:
if the impedance range to ground matches with the impedance to ground when the electric equipment is normally connected, controlling the first switch unit to be connected, and controlling the second switch unit to be disconnected, and performing handshaking communication with the electric equipment;
and if the impedance range to ground is matched with the impedance to ground when the power supply output end or a power supply pin of a cable connected with the power supply output end is short-circuited to ground, controlling the first switch unit to be kept off, and enabling the first switch unit to be forbidden to be switched on.
When the adjustable current source unit adjusts and determines the current value of the current output from the second voltage source to the power output terminal, the control unit 14 is specifically configured to:
and sequentially adjusting the current value of the current to the at least two target current values from large to small, wherein the adjustment of the current value is carried out periodically, and then an upper limit value or a lower limit value corresponding to one or more impedance to ground ranges can be determined after each adjustment. In other alternative embodiments, the means of sequential adjustment from small to large is not excluded.
Fig. 3 is a second schematic diagram of a processing circuit of the power output terminal according to an embodiment of the invention.
In fig. 3, the adjustable current source unit 17 may employ a current source Isrc, which generates a current value that can also be characterized by Isrc, the first Switch unit 12 may employ a FET, the second Switch unit 18 may employ an analog Switch, the voltage detection unit 15 may employ a comparator Comp, VIN may also be used to characterize the first voltage source 11 and its voltage, VDD is used to characterize the second voltage source 16 and its voltage, VOUT is used to characterize the power output terminal and its voltage, VCON is used to characterize the power pin of the cable or the electric side device, and the load impedance Rload may be regarded as a ground impedance and its resistance value may also be characterized by Rload. The left side block can be regarded as a part of the circuit in the power supply device, and the right side block can comprise a cable and various objects which can form impedance and are connected to the cable, wherein the objects can be circuit objects (such as electric devices, metal wires of the cable and the like), non-circuit objects (such as foreign objects, sweat and the like) or a combination of at least one of the circuit objects and the metal wires.
The following exemplifies a specific implementation of the present embodiment with reference to fig. 3.
The number of the target voltage values of the reference voltage of the comparator Comp may be two, which may be respectively characterized as Ref1 and Ref2, and the reference voltage Ref1 or Ref2 may select different voltage values according to actual needs.
In the example shown in fig. 3, the reference voltage is connected to the inverting terminal of the comparator Comp, the output pin of the current source Isrc is connected to the power output terminal VOUT through the analog Switch, and the output pin of the current source Isrc is also connected to the inverting terminal of the comparator Comp. The low voltage operating voltage of the circuit for the second voltage source VDD, which may be generated by the first voltage source VIN or provided externally (e.g. by other circuits in the device), may be set to 3.3V, for example.
In the example shown in fig. 3, the EN pin and several pins, namely the SDA pin, the SCL pin, and the INT pin, of the control unit 14 can be used for the control unit to interact with the main body of the power supply device, where the SDA pin, the SCL pin, and the INT pin can be understood as I in the control unit 142The pins of the C function module, in other examples, the EN pin and several pins, namely the SDA pin, the SCL pin, and the INT pin, may also be replaced by several GPIO pins (which may also be understood as general purpose input/output ports).
For the convenience of description of the operation process, it may be assumed that the current source Isrc can be configured to be 1uA, 10uA, 100uA and 1mA and can output the detection and judgment of the load impedance Rload periodically (for example, every 1 second for 1 millisecond) until the main power channel from the first voltage source VIN to the power output terminal VOUT is controlled to be conducted based on the detection result.
Further, it can be assumed that Ref1 is 0.3V and Ref2 is 3.0V, and ke treats VOUT and VCON of the cable as the same power pin (in fact, after the power device output and the power device are connected by a standard cable, VOUT and VCON of the cable are substantially equal) to illustrate the implementation process of the processing circuit.
In the process that the power supply equipment waits for the electronic equipment to be connected, a Field Effect Transistor (FET) as a first switching unit is controlled to be in an off state, namely: a main power channel from the first voltage source VIN to the power output terminal VOUT is cut off, and at this time, the analog Switch as the second Switch unit is in an on state, the current controlled by the current source Isrc can be configured to a target current value of 1uA, and the reference voltage is connected to the inverting terminal of the comparator and configured such that Ref2 is 3.0V;
when the power output terminal VOUT is not connected to the cable, or the power output terminal VOUT is connected to the cable, but the power pin VCON in the male terminal of the cable is not connected to any electronic device and is in a normal no-load state, the load impedance Rload seen from the power output terminal VOUT will be much greater than 3 mega ohms, the voltage at the power output terminal VOUT after passing through the 1uA current source, i.e., Isrc Rload, will be greater than 3V (approximately equal to the voltage value of the second voltage source VDD, i.e., Isrc Rload is approximately equal to VDD), and then the output of the comparator Comp is at a high level.
When the control unit 14 detects that the output of the comparator Comp is low at this time, the reference voltage may be adjusted from Ref2 to Ref1 of 0.3V, if the output of the comparator Comp is high again at this time, the impedance of the load impedance Rload is known to be between 300K and 3000K ohms, whereas if the output of the comparator Comp is low again at this time, the current value of the current source Isrc may be adjusted to the target current value of 10uA, while the reference voltage continues to be maintained at Ref1 of 0.3V.
If the output of the comparator Comp is at a high level, it is known that the load impedance Rload is between 30K and 300K ohms, if the load impedance Rload is in the range of 30K to 3000K ohms, the electrical devices requiring power utilization are most likely to be connected at this time, the impedance of 30K to 3000K ohms is the load impedance that they represent under the injection of the 1uA or 10uA current source, at this time, the main power channel from the first voltage source VIN to the power output terminal VOUT may be opened to supply power to the electrical devices, and meanwhile, the range information (i.e., the impedance range to ground) of the load impedance Rload at this time may be provided to the relevant information processing circuit of the power supply device, so that the information processing circuit of the power supply device may further determine the type of the load generating the load impedance Rload.
However, even if the load impedance Rload is not a real electrical load, but an impurity with a certain impedance of 30K to 3000K ohms overlaps the power output terminal Vout and GND or the power pins VCON and GND of the cable, the load impedance Rload will not be damaged (only a small leakage current from one microampere to two hundred microamperes in the system will be caused) by opening the power channel from the first voltage source VIN to the power output terminal Vout, and the system can be processed in time after being correctly determined.
Based on a principle similar to the above process, the load impedance Rload of 3K to 30K can be judged by adjusting the current under the control of the current source Isrc to 100uA, the load impedance Rload of 300 to 3K ohms and the load impedance Rload of less than 300 ohms can be judged by adjusting the current under the control of the current source Isrc to 1mA (at this time, the reference voltage Ref1 is 0.3V, and the comparator Comp output is low).
And performing corresponding operation according to the load impedance Rload range obtained by matching the current source and the comparator.
Such as: if the load impedance Rload is less than 300 ohms, it usually indicates that a short circuit or a micro short circuit is formed between the power output terminal VOUT and GND or the power pins VCON and GND of the cable, and at this time, the main power channel from the first voltage source VIN to the power output terminal VOUT cannot be opened, otherwise, a high temperature or fire event may occur, and in the specific implementation process, the control unit may alarm a main body part (for example, an information processing circuit thereof) of the power supply device through the interrupt pin INT or GPIO and feed back a resistance range or a resistance value of the load impedance Rload; the impedance range to ground in this case can be understood as the impedance range to short circuit referred to above;
for another example: if the load impedance Rload is in the range of 300 to 3K ohms, it usually means that some materials with lower impedance, such as sweat, salt water, etc., the power output terminal VOUT or the power pin of the cable, and GND form a path, and at this time, the load impedance Rload can also alarm and feed back the Rload resistance range or resistance value of the load condition; the impedance range in this case is to be understood as the impedance range in the saline liquid access referred to above;
for another example: if the load impedance Rload is in the range of 3K to 30K, there is a possibility that the interface is blocked and short-circuited to some extent, or the interface is wet or the electronic load with high quality and high leakage current is accessed, at this time, the main power channel from the first voltage source VIN to the power output terminal VOUT can be opened, and simultaneously the resistance value range of the load impedance Rload or the resistance value thereof is fed back to the information processing circuit of the power supply equipment for judgment, and the impedance range to ground at this time can be understood as the impedance range during leakage current referred to in the foregoing;
for example, if the load impedance Rload is connected to a voltage source with a certain voltage and output capability, the information processing circuit of the power supply device may perform more operations to determine and process the situation.
In summary, if the span of the access load impedance Rload is to be expanded, the target current value of the current source and the target voltage value of the reference voltage may be further configured.
The present embodiment also provides a power supply apparatus including the processing circuit of the power supply output terminal according to the above alternative.
The power supply device can be any device capable of outputting direct current externally, such as a wall plug-in charger, a vehicle-mounted charger, a mobile power supply, a travel charger, a charging pile and the like. Meanwhile, electronic devices such as computers, household appliances, industrial appliances, and the like, which are not exclusively used for power supply and charging, are not excluded.
In summary, in the processing circuit and the electronic device of the power output end provided in this embodiment, when the first switch unit is controlled to be turned off (that is, when the power supply terminal is not supplying power at a required higher voltage), the power supply terminal can be supplied with power by the second voltage source with a smaller voltage, and the voltage of the power supply terminal can be detected by the voltage detection unit during power supply, so that the impedance to ground of the power supply terminal can be effectively detected based on the detection result. Therefore, the embodiment can detect the earth impedance before the first voltage source supplies power to the outside, thereby being beneficial to preventing potential safety hazard and danger caused by external power supply when the earth impedance is abnormal, and providing basis for avoiding the potential safety hazard and the danger.
Meanwhile, the current output to the power supply end of the power supply by the second voltage source is adjusted, so that the impedance range of the current impedance to ground can be conveniently and accurately determined within a larger span of the impedance to ground, and further, because different impedance ranges to ground are associated with the generation reason of the impedance to ground, the invention can also be understood as being capable of judging the cause of the impedance to ground, thereby being beneficial to timely and accurately handling.
Fig. 4 is a first schematic flow chart of an impedance to ground detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a ground impedance detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the method for detecting the impedance to ground of the power output terminal is applied to a control unit in a processing circuit of the power output terminal, and the processing circuit can be understood as the processing circuit according to the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 3. The method comprises the following steps:
s21: when the first switch unit is kept disconnected, the second switch unit is controlled to be conducted, so that the second voltage source and the power supply output end can be conducted;
s22: adjusting the current value of the current output to the power supply output end by the second voltage source;
s23: and determining an impedance range to ground of the power supply output end according to the different current values and the detected voltage range, wherein different impedance ranges to ground are associated with the reasons for generating the impedance to ground.
Optionally, after step S23, the method may further include:
s24: and when the first switch unit is kept off, controlling the on-off of the first switch unit and the second switch unit according to the impedance range to ground.
Step S24 may specifically include at least one of:
if the impedance range to ground matches with the impedance to ground when the electric equipment is normally connected, controlling the first switch unit to be connected, and controlling the second switch unit to be disconnected, and performing handshaking communication with the electric equipment;
and if the impedance range to ground is matched with the impedance to ground when the power supply output end or a power supply pin of a cable connected with the power supply output end is short-circuited to ground, controlling the first switch unit to be kept off, and enabling the first switch unit to be forbidden to be switched on.
Optionally, the impedance range to ground of the power output includes at least one of:
a no-load impedance range that matches the no-load impedance of the power supply output;
the impedance range in normal power supply is matched with the impedance to ground when the electric equipment is normally connected to the power output end and the ground;
a short-circuit impedance range matching an impedance to ground at a time of a ground short circuit or a micro short circuit of the power supply output terminal or a power supply pin of a cable connected thereto;
the impedance range when the foreign object is connected is matched with the impedance to ground when the foreign object is connected into the power supply output end and the ground;
a saline fluid access impedance range matching an impedance to ground when saline fluid is accessed between the power supply output and ground;
the impedance range during electric leakage is matched with the impedance to ground when the electric leakage occurs at the power input end or the power pin of the cable connected with the power input end and the current value of the electric leakage is greater than the threshold value;
the impedance range during no-load, the impedance range during normal power supply, the impedance range during electric leakage, the impedance range during salt-containing liquid access and the impedance range during short circuit are distributed in sequence from large to small;
and the impedance range of the external object during access is smaller than the impedance range during no load and larger than the impedance range during leakage.
Optionally, the voltage detection unit includes a comparator; one input end of the comparator is used for connecting a reference voltage, and the other input end of the comparator is connected to the power supply output end;
the method further comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the voltage value of the reference voltage, wherein the voltage value of the reference voltage is determined according to the upper limit value and/or the lower limit value of each voltage range.
Optionally, step S23 specifically includes:
when the current value of the current is adjusted to be a minimum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be a maximum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power output end is a voltage range larger than the maximum target voltage, then: determining the impedance range of the power supply output end to the ground is the impedance range in no load;
when the current value of the current is adjusted to be a maximum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be a minimum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power output end is a voltage range smaller than the minimum target voltage, then: and determining the impedance range of the power supply output end to the ground as the impedance range in short circuit.
Optionally, the adjusting the determined voltage value of the reference voltage includes at least two target voltage values, where the largest target voltage value is k times the smallest target voltage value, where k is greater than or equal to 10.
Optionally, adjusting the determined current value includes at least two target current values, where a maximum target current value is n times a minimum target current value, where n is greater than or equal to 1000;
step S23 specifically includes:
and sequentially adjusting the current value of the current to the at least two target current values from large to small, wherein the adjustment of the current value is periodically implemented.
In summary, in the method for detecting the impedance to ground of the power output end according to this embodiment, when the first switch unit is controlled to be turned off (that is, when the power supply end is not supplied with power at a required higher voltage), the power supply end is supplied with power by the second voltage source with a smaller voltage, and the voltage of the power supply end is detected by the voltage detection unit during power supply, so that the impedance to ground of the power supply end can be effectively detected based on the detection result. Therefore, the embodiment can detect the earth impedance before the first voltage source supplies power to the outside, thereby being beneficial to preventing potential safety hazard and danger caused by external power supply when the earth impedance is abnormal, and providing basis for avoiding the potential safety hazard and the danger.
Meanwhile, the current output to the power supply end of the power supply by the second voltage source is adjusted, so that the impedance range of the current impedance to ground can be conveniently and accurately determined within a larger span of the impedance to ground, and further, because different impedance ranges to ground are associated with the generation reason of the impedance to ground, the invention can also be understood as being capable of judging the cause of the impedance to ground, thereby being beneficial to timely and accurately handling.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or a portion of the steps of implementing the above-described method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions. The program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs steps comprising the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A processing circuit of a power supply output end comprises a first switch unit arranged on a first voltage source and the power supply output end, and is characterized by further comprising a control unit, a second switch unit, an adjustable current source unit and a voltage detection unit; the adjustable current source unit and the second switch unit are connected in series between a second voltage source and the power supply output end; the control unit is respectively connected with the adjustable current source unit, the first switch unit, the second switch unit and the voltage detection unit; the voltage of the first voltage source is greater than the voltage of the second voltage source;
the voltage detection unit is connected with the power supply output end through the second switch unit and is used for detecting the voltage range of the voltage of the power supply output end;
the control unit is used for:
when the first switch unit is kept disconnected, the second switch unit is controlled to be conducted, so that the second voltage source, the adjustable current source unit and the power supply output end are sequentially conducted;
adjusting the current value of the current output to the power supply output end by the second voltage source through the adjustable current source unit;
and determining an impedance range to ground of the power supply output end according to the different current values determined by the adjustment and the detected voltage range, wherein different impedance ranges to ground are associated with reasons for generation of the impedance to ground, and at least two different impedance ranges to ground are determined according to the different current values determined by the adjustment of the adjustable current source unit.
2. The processing circuit of claim 1, wherein the control unit is further configured to: and when the first switch unit is kept off, controlling the on-off of the first switch unit and the second switch unit according to the impedance range to ground.
3. The processing circuit according to claim 2, wherein the control unit is configured to, when controlling the first switch unit to be turned on or off according to the impedance range to ground, perform at least one of:
if the impedance range to ground matches with the impedance to ground when the electric equipment is normally connected, controlling the first switch unit to be connected, and controlling the second switch unit to be disconnected, and performing handshaking communication with the electric equipment;
and if the impedance range to ground is matched with the impedance to ground when the power supply output end or a power supply pin of a cable connected with the power supply output end is short-circuited to ground, controlling the first switch unit to be kept off, and enabling the first switch unit to be forbidden to be switched on.
4. The processing circuit of claim 1, wherein the impedance range to ground of the power supply output comprises at least one of:
a no-load impedance range matching an impedance to ground at no-load of the power supply output when the first switching unit remains off;
a short-circuit impedance range matching an impedance to ground at a time of a ground short circuit or a micro short circuit of the power supply output terminal or a power supply pin of a cable connected thereto;
the impedance range when the foreign object is connected is matched with the impedance to ground when the foreign object is connected into the power supply output end and the ground;
a saline fluid access impedance range matching an impedance to ground when saline fluid is accessed between the power supply output and ground;
and the impedance range during electric leakage is matched with the impedance to ground when the electric leakage occurs at the power input end or the power pin of the cable connected with the power input end and the current value of the electric leakage is greater than the threshold value.
5. The processing circuit according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the voltage detection unit comprises a comparator; one input end of the comparator is used for connecting a reference voltage, and the other input end of the comparator is connected to the power supply output end;
the control unit is further used for adjusting the voltage value of the reference voltage, wherein the voltage value of the reference voltage is determined according to the upper limit value and/or the lower limit value of each voltage range, and at least two different grounding impedance ranges are determined according to the different adjusted and determined reference voltages.
6. The processing circuit according to claim 5, wherein the control unit, when determining the impedance range to ground of the power output terminal based on adjusting the determined different currents and the detected voltage range, is specifically configured to:
when the current value of the current is adjusted to be a minimum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be a maximum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power output end is a voltage range larger than the maximum target voltage, then: determining the impedance range of the power supply output end to the ground is the impedance range in no load;
when the current value of the current is adjusted to be a maximum target current value and the voltage value of the reference voltage is adjusted to be a minimum target voltage value, if the voltage range of the voltage of the power output end is a voltage range smaller than the minimum target voltage, then: and determining the impedance range of the power supply output end to the ground as the impedance range in short circuit.
7. The processing circuit of claim 5, wherein adjusting the determined voltage value of the reference voltage comprises at least two target voltage values, wherein a largest target voltage value is k times a smallest target voltage value, wherein k is greater than or equal to 10;
adjusting the determined current value includes at least two target current values, wherein a maximum target current value is n times a minimum target current value, wherein n is greater than or equal to 1000.
8. The processing circuit according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein adjusting the determined current value comprises at least two target current values;
when the current value of the current output from the second voltage source to the power output end is adjusted and determined by the adjustable current source unit, the control unit is specifically configured to:
and sequentially adjusting the current value of the current to the at least two target current values from large to small, wherein the adjustment of the current value is periodically implemented.
9. A method for detecting impedance to ground of a power output end is applied to a control unit in a processing circuit of the power output end, and is characterized in that the processing circuit comprises a first switch unit, a second switch unit and a second voltage source, wherein the first switch unit, the second switch unit and the second voltage source are arranged on a first voltage source and the power output end, and the voltage of the first voltage source is greater than that of the second voltage source; the method comprises the following steps:
when the first switch unit is kept disconnected, the second switch unit is controlled to be conducted, so that the second voltage source and the power supply output end can be conducted;
adjusting the current value of the current output to the power supply output end by the second voltage source;
and determining an impedance range to ground of the power supply output end according to the different current values determined by the adjustment and the detected voltage range, wherein different impedance ranges to ground are associated with the reason for generating the impedance to ground, and at least two different impedance ranges to ground are determined according to the different current values determined by the adjustment.
10. A power supply apparatus comprising the processing circuitry of the power supply output of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN201911294944.3A CN111007321A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Processing circuit, electronic device and ground impedance detection method of power supply output end |
| PCT/CN2020/129079 WO2021120947A1 (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2020-11-16 | Processing circuit at power output end, electronic device, and ground impedance measurement method |
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| CN201911294944.3A CN111007321A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Processing circuit, electronic device and ground impedance detection method of power supply output end |
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| CN113726129B (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-03-14 | 上海爻火微电子有限公司 | Power management circuit and electronic equipment |
| WO2023077919A1 (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-05-11 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Impedance detection method for charging cable, electronic device and power supply device |
| CN114865594A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-08-05 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Overcurrent protection circuit, control method, DC-DC converter and electronic equipment |
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| WO2021120947A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
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