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CN111004438B - 一种卷烟用发泡聚合物滤棒材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种卷烟用发泡聚合物滤棒材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111004438B
CN111004438B CN201911245240.7A CN201911245240A CN111004438B CN 111004438 B CN111004438 B CN 111004438B CN 201911245240 A CN201911245240 A CN 201911245240A CN 111004438 B CN111004438 B CN 111004438B
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何沛
吴飞
刘志华
罗海斌
杨晨
郑文革
李振杰
黄朋科
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China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种卷烟用滤棒材料，其包括聚合物，成核剂以及其他功能改性助剂。另外，本发明还提供一种卷烟用滤棒材料的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：将卷烟用滤棒材料的组成物共混形成共混物，通过挤出式造粒，得到聚合物粒子，所述卷烟用滤棒材料的组成物包括聚合物、成核剂以及其他功能改性助剂；将前述共混物或聚合物粒子投入到发泡专用挤出机，同时注入重量配比为0.1~10份的超临界流体作为发泡剂，由发泡专用挤出机充分混合后，从口模挤出发泡并成型。

Description

一种卷烟用发泡聚合物滤棒材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种卷烟用滤棒材料及其制备方法，尤其是一种卷烟用发泡聚合物滤棒材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前市场上广泛使用的卷烟用滤棒为二醋酸纤维素材料制备而成，需要经过二醋酸纤维素片制备成二醋酸纤维素丝束，再将二醋酸纤维素丝束经过开松、加增塑剂、卷制成型、切分等过程才能制备得到，其中丝束的制备需要经过以丙酮作为溶剂的溶解、过滤脱泡、纺丝、卷曲压皱、干燥等复杂工艺过程。整个生产过程存在工序多、工艺复杂等问题，且安全风险较大，环境保护压力大。有发明采用醋酸纤维素与聚乳酸共混通过挤出发泡的方式制备烟用滤棒，但仍存在难以克服加工温度下醋酸纤维素易于降解的问题。有发明采用热塑性淀粉作为主要原料通过挤出发泡的方式制备烟用滤棒，主要是考虑了这种原料的可生物降解特性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有所采用的烟用滤棒材料所存在的问题，提供一种生产过程相对简单，安全性高，环保的新型烟用滤棒材料以及其制备方法。
本发明的技术方案为：
一种烟用发泡聚合物滤棒材料的制备方法包括以下步骤：
1）采用卷烟用滤棒材料：聚合物、成核剂以及其他功能助剂，按照重量比例各成分占比如下：聚合物占比90%-100%，成核剂占比0.1-5%，其他功能助剂占比0-5%；
所述的聚合物材料其基体树脂包括聚丙烯或聚丙烯与聚乙烯、乙烯丙烯共聚物、乙烯辛烯共聚物（OBC、POE）、PTFE、聚乳酸等聚合物的组合物，且聚丙烯在组合物中的占比不低于90%；
所述的成核剂包括800-2000目的二氧化硅、滑石粉、碳酸钙、粘土中的一种或者一种以上的任意组合；
所述的其他功能助剂包括填料、着色剂、各类香料；
2）将前述卷烟用滤棒材料的组成物共混形成共混物，通过挤出式造粒，得到聚合物粒子；将上述聚合物粒子或者共混物投入双阶串联超临界流体挤出发泡装备，在粒子熔融后的阶段中注入发泡剂超临界流体，超临界流体超临界二氧化碳（CO2），或超临界氮气（N2），其加入量按质量比（超临界二氧化碳：共混物）为4-6%，在挤出过程中控制聚合物粒子与超临界流体的熔体温度范围为160~185℃，熔体压力范围为4~14MPa，通过不同口径与长径比的圆孔型口模挤出，再通过后续的牵引、裁切即可获得所需的卷烟用滤棒材料。
所述成核剂优选的比例为0.3%-2%。
所述着色剂为有机染料或无机颜料或者共用，所述着色剂也可以是以聚丙烯或者聚乙烯为载体的有机燃料或者无机颜料色母粒。
所述熔体优选温度范围为170-183℃，优选熔体压力范围为5.0-8.0MPa。
按照上述步骤制备的卷烟用滤棒材料，其膨胀倍率为10倍-30倍，其吸阻为500Pa-8000Pa。
与现有技术相比较，本发明所提供的卷烟用滤棒材料具有较好的过滤效果，而且具备原料易得、材质更轻等优点，在卷烟过滤嘴的应用领域具有广泛的前景，并且该材料的制备工艺简单易行、安全、环保且成本较低。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1中滤棒材料的示意图。
图2是本发明实施例1中滤棒材料的切面电镜图。
具体实施方式
本领域技术人员将会理解，下列实施例仅用于说明本发明，而不应视为限定本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体技术或条件者，按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过购买获得的常规产品。
以下面将结合实施例，对本发明提供的卷烟用滤棒材料及其制备方法作进一步的详细说明。
实施例1：
按照聚丙烯99%，成核剂1%共混，成核剂为1200目滑石粉，加入双阶串联单螺杆超临界流体挤出机中熔融挤出，在上阶中段（3区）加入超临界二氧化碳，其加入量按质量比（超临界二氧化碳：聚丙烯和成核剂）为5.0%。调节下阶螺杆温度，调节熔体温度到183℃，179℃，176℃，机头压力为5.5~6.5MPa，从圆形口模挤出后，经过牵引后按照定长裁切，可获得圆周为24.10mm，长度为144mm的滤棒。对应吸阻分别为3000Pa，5000Pa，7000Pa。
实施例2：
按照聚丙烯89%，POE10%，成核剂1%共混，成核剂为800目的滑石粉加入双阶串联单螺杆超临界流体挤出机中熔融挤出，在上阶中段（3区）加入超临界二氧化碳，其加入量按质量比（超临界二氧化碳：聚丙烯和POE和成核剂）为5%。调节下阶螺杆温度，调节熔体温度到181℃，179℃，177℃，机头压力为4.5~6.0MPa，从圆形口模挤出后，经过牵引后按照定长裁切，可获得圆周为24.10mm，长度为144mm的滤棒。对应吸阻分别为2800Pa，4000Pa，8000Pa。
实施例3：
按照聚丙烯89%，POE（聚烯烃弹性体）10%，成核剂1%共混，成核剂为1200目的滑石粉加入双阶串联单螺杆超临界流体挤出机中熔融挤出，在上阶中段（3区）加入发泡剂超临界氮气，其加入量按质量比（超临界氮气：聚丙烯和POE和成核剂）为3%。调节下阶螺杆温度，调节熔体温度到181℃，179℃，177℃，机头压力为4.5~6.0MPa，从圆形口模挤出后，经过牵引后按照定长裁切，可获得圆周为24.10mm，长度为144mm的滤棒。对应吸阻分别为3500Pa，6000Pa，9000Pa。
实施例4：
按照聚乙烯98.9%，PTFE（聚四氟乙烯）1%，成核剂0.1%共混，成核剂为1200目的滑石粉。加入双阶串联单螺杆超临界流体挤出机中熔融挤出，在上阶中段（3区）加入超临界二氧化碳，其加入量按质量比（超临界二氧化碳：聚丙烯和成核剂）为5%。调节下阶螺杆温度，调节熔体温度到181℃，179℃，177℃，机头压力为6.0-7.5MPa，从圆形口模挤出后，经过牵引后按照定长裁切，可获得圆周为24.10mm，长度为144mm的滤棒。对应吸阻分别为4000Pa，7000Pa，9000Pa。
实施例5：
按照乙烯丙烯共聚物92%，OBC（乙烯辛烯共聚物）5%、成核剂1%、黑色色母粒（碳黑含量约40%）1%、香料1% (根据需要先择所需味道的香料）共混，成核剂为1200目的滑石粉、加入双阶串联单螺杆超临界流体挤出机中熔融挤出，在上阶中段（3区）加入超临界二氧化碳，其加入量按质量比（超临界二氧化碳：共混料）为5%。调节下阶螺杆温度，调节熔体温度到181℃，179℃，177℃，机头压力为6.0~7.5MPa，从圆形口模挤出后，经过牵引后按照定长裁切，可获得圆周为24.10mm，长度为144mm的滤棒。对应吸阻分别为2500Pa，4000Pa，6000Pa。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (6)

1.一种烟用发泡聚合物滤棒材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
1）采用卷烟用滤棒材料：聚合物、成核剂以及其他功能助剂，按照重量比例各成分占比如下：聚合物占比90%-99.9%，成核剂占比0.1-5%，其他功能助剂占比0-5%；
所述的聚合物材料其基体树脂包括聚丙烯，或聚丙烯与聚乙烯、乙烯丙烯共聚物、乙烯辛烯共聚物、聚四氟乙烯、聚乳酸的组合物且聚丙烯在组合物中的占比不低于90%；
所述的成核剂包括800目-2000目的二氧化硅、滑石粉、碳酸钙、粘土中的一种或者一种以上的任意组合；
所述的其他功能助剂包括着色剂、各类香料；
2）将前述卷烟用滤棒材料的组成物共混形成共混物，通过挤出式造粒，得到聚合物粒子；将上述聚合物粒子或者共混物投入双阶串联超临界流体挤出发泡装备，在粒子熔融后的阶段中注入发泡剂超临界流体，超临界流体为超临界二氧化碳或超临界氮气，其加入量按质量比为共混物或聚合物粒子的4-7%，在挤出过程中控制聚合物粒子与超临界流体的熔体温度范围为160~185℃，熔体压力范围为4~14MPa，通过不同口径与长径比的圆孔型口模挤出，再通过后续的牵引、裁切即可获得所需的卷烟用滤棒材料，其膨胀倍率为10倍-30倍，其吸阻为500Pa-8000Pa。
2.根据权利要求1所述的烟用发泡聚合物滤棒材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述成核剂所占比例为0.3%-2%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的烟用发泡聚合物滤棒材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述着色剂为有机染料或无机颜料或者共用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的烟用发泡聚合物滤棒材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述着色剂是以聚丙烯或者聚乙烯为载体的有机染料或者无机颜料色母粒。
5.根据权利要求1所述的烟用发泡聚合物滤棒材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述熔体温度范围为170-183℃，熔体压力范围为5-8MPa。
6.一种由权利要求1所述的烟用发泡聚合物滤棒材料的制备方法制备的烟用发泡聚合物滤棒材料，其特征在于：烟用发泡聚合物滤棒材料的膨胀倍率为10倍-30倍，吸阻为500Pa-8000Pa。
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