CN110994772A - Power distribution system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Power distribution system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110994772A CN110994772A CN201910501180.4A CN201910501180A CN110994772A CN 110994772 A CN110994772 A CN 110994772A CN 201910501180 A CN201910501180 A CN 201910501180A CN 110994772 A CN110994772 A CN 110994772A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
- H01H51/30—Electromagnetic relays specially adapted for actuation by AC
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
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- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a power distribution system and a control method thereof, wherein the power distribution system comprises a backup power supply and a distribution board, wherein the backup power supply comprises a charger which is used for charging a rechargeable battery by using alternating current of a main power supply; and a DC-AC converter for converting the direct current output from the rechargeable battery into alternating current; wherein the switchboard comprises main switching means, one end of which is intended to be connected to said main power supply; a load switching device having one end for connection to a load; and a power supply changeover switch controllably causing the other end of the load switching device to be electrically connected to one of the other end of the main switching device and a power supply terminal of the backup power supply. The power distribution system can controllably supply power to the load continuously during the period of power failure or overvoltage and undervoltage of the main power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power distribution, in particular to a power distribution system and a control method thereof.
Background
The distribution system is a power network system in the section from the distribution voltage to the customer premises for switching and distributing power to the customer premises.
However, the existing power distribution system has a single function. When the distribution voltage is normal, the existing distribution system is used for supplying power to the load of the user terminal; when the distribution voltage is abnormal, the distribution system stops supplying power to the load of the user end, and cannot continuously supply power to the load.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a power distribution system, including:
a backup power source, comprising:
a charger for charging the rechargeable battery with alternating current of the main power supply; and
a DC-AC converter for converting the direct current output from the rechargeable battery into alternating current;
a power panel, comprising:
a main switching device having one end for connection to the main power supply;
a load switching device having one end for connection to a load; and
a power supply changeover switch controllably causing the other end of the load switching device to be electrically connected to one of the other end of the main switching device and a power supply terminal of the backup power supply.
Preferably, the power distribution system further includes a controller for controlling an operation state of the charger and the DC-AC converter and controlling a switching state of the power supply changeover switch according to a voltage of the main power supply.
Preferably, the backup power supply comprises an auxiliary power supply module, the input end of which is connected to two ends of the rechargeable battery and is used for providing direct current for the controller and the power supply changeover switch.
Preferably, the backup power supply further comprises an electromagnetic interference filter connected to an output of the DC-AC converter.
Preferably, the DC-AC converter includes: a DC boost converter, the input end of which is connected to the two ends of the rechargeable battery; and a DC-AC inverter, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the DC boost converter, and the output end of which is used as the output end of the DC-AC converter.
Preferably, the power supply changeover switch is a relay, and the relay includes: a common terminal electrically connected to the other end of the load switching device; a first switching terminal electrically connected to the other end of the main switching device; a second switching terminal electrically connected to a power supply terminal of the backup power supply; a magnetic core; a coil wound around the magnetic core; a controllable switch in series with the coil; and a coil power supply for supplying power to the coil.
Preferably, when the controllable switch is controlled to be turned off, the common terminal is in contact with the first switching terminal; when the controllable switch is controlled to be on, the common terminal is in contact with the second switching terminal.
Preferably, the electrical panel further comprises a current transformer for measuring current in the load switching device;
and/or, the panel board further comprises: a main cable bushing for wrapping or jacketing together a set of live, neutral and ground wires, the set of live, neutral and ground wires in the main cable bushing configured to be electrically connected to the main power supply; a load cable sleeve for wrapping or jacketing together a set of live, neutral and ground wires, the set of live, neutral and ground wires in the load cable sleeve configured to be electrically connected to the load; a zero line bank for electrically connecting a zero line in the switchboard; and a ground line bank for electrically connecting a ground line in the distribution board.
The invention provides a control method for a power distribution system as described above, comprising the steps of: detecting the voltage of a main power supply in the power distribution system, controlling the working states of a charger and a DC-AC converter in the power distribution system according to the voltage of the main power supply, and controlling the switching state of a power supply change-over switch in the power distribution system.
Preferably, when the voltage of the main power supply is less than or equal to a first threshold voltage and less than or equal to a second threshold voltage, the power supply changeover switch is controlled so that the other end of the load switching device is electrically connected to the other end of the main switching device, the charger is controlled to operate to charge the rechargeable battery, and the DC-AC converter is controlled to stop operating; or, when the voltage of the main power supply is less than a first threshold voltage or the voltage of the main power supply is greater than a second threshold voltage and the power of the load is less than the output power of the backup power supply, controlling the power supply changeover switch to enable the other end of the load switch device to be electrically connected to the power supply end of the backup power supply, controlling the charger to stop working, and controlling the DC-AC converter to work to convert the direct current of the rechargeable battery into the alternating current.
The power distribution system can controllably supply power to the load continuously during the period of power failure or overvoltage and undervoltage of the main power supply. Relays in power distribution systems are advantageous for conserving power in their coil power supplies. The cable sleeve in the power distribution system can facilitate the wiring of an operator and avoid misconnection. The zero line row and the ground line row in the power distribution system reduce the complexity of wiring, prevent misconnection, save the wiring cost, reduce the wiring space and make the space of the power distribution system more compact.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power distribution system during normal operation of a primary power source in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the power distribution system shown in fig. 1 during a main power outage or overvoltage/undervoltage.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail by embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power distribution system during normal operation of a primary power source in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the power distribution system includes a distribution board 1, a backup power supply 5, and a controller 56 for controlling the distribution board 1 and the backup power supply 5.
The switchboard 1 comprises a main circuit breaker CB, relays K1, K2 and K3, load circuit breakers CB1, CB2, CB3 electrically connected between a main power supply and a load (not shown in fig. 1); current transformers CT1, CT2, CT3 for measuring currents in the load circuit breakers CB1, CB2, CB3, respectively; a main cable bushing WB for wrapping or jacketing a group of live, neutral and ground wires together, load cable bushings WB1, WB2, WB3 for wrapping or jacketing a group of live, neutral and ground wires together, and a zero bar NB and a ground bar EB.
The main circuit breaker CB may be a bipolar circuit breaker, and the specific device structure thereof is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein. The live terminal and the neutral terminal of one end of the main circuit breaker CB are electrically connected to the live L and the neutral N of the main power supply, respectively, the live terminal BPSL and the neutral terminal BPSN of the other end thereof are electrically connected to the input end of the backup power supply 5, and the live terminal BPSL thereof is used to supply power to the load through the relays K1, K2, and K3.
The load circuit breakers CB1, CB2, and CB3 may be single-pole circuit breakers, and specific device structures thereof are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein. The load circuit breakers CB1, CB2, CB3 have one ends connected to the first load, the second load, and the third load (not shown in fig. 1), respectively, and the other ends connected to the relays K1, K2, and K3, respectively.
The relays K1, K2, and K3 are the same, and only the relay K1 will be described below. The relay K1 includes a common terminal 11, a first switching terminal 12, and a second switching terminal 13, wherein the common terminal 11 is electrically connected to the other end of the load circuit breaker CB1, the first switching terminal 12 is electrically connected to the live terminal BPSL of the other end of the main circuit breaker CB, and the second switching terminal 13 is electrically connected to the live line Uo of the output terminal of the backup power source 5 (i.e., the power supply terminal of the backup power source 5), wherein the live line of the output terminal of the backup power source 5 is electrically connected to the zero line bank NB. The relay K1 further comprises a magnetic core 15, a coil 16 wound on the magnetic core 15, a controllable switch 14 connected in series with the coil 16, and a coil power supply Vcc for supplying power to the coil 16. When the controllable switch 14 is controlled to be in the open state, the common terminal 11 is in contact with the first switching terminal 12, whereby the other end of the load breaker CB1 is electrically connected to the live line terminal BPSL of the other end of the main breaker CB. When the controllable switch 14 is controlled to be in a conducting state, the common terminal 11 is in contact with the second switching terminal 13, whereby the other end of the load breaker CB1 is electrically connected to the live line Uo of the output of the backup power source 5. The common terminal 11 of the relay K1 is controllably connected to one of the first and second switching terminals 12 and 13, so that the other end of the load breaker CB1 is electrically connected to one of the live line terminal BPSL of the other end of the main breaker CB and the output Uo of the backup power source.
One end of three wires (i.e., a live wire, a zero wire and a ground wire) in the main cable bushing WB is used for being electrically connected to a live wire L, a zero wire N and a ground wire E of the main power supply respectively, and the other end thereof is electrically connected to a live wire terminal, a zero wire terminal and a ground wire bar EB at one end of the main circuit breaker CB. Three wires (i.e., live, neutral, and ground) in load cable bushing WB1 have one end for electrical connection to the live, neutral, and ground terminals, respectively, of the first load and another end electrically connected to one end of load circuit breaker CB1, neutral, and ground bars NB, EB, respectively. The three wires in the load cable sleeves WB2, WB3 are connected in a similar manner to the three wires in the load cable sleeve WB1, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted. The zero line bank NB electrically connects all the zero lines in the switchboard 1 together, and the ground line bank EB electrically connects all the grounds in the switchboard 1 together.
The backup power supply 5 includes a charger 51, a rechargeable battery 52, a DC-AC converter 53, an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter 54, and an auxiliary power supply module 55. The charger 51 has an input terminal connected to the live terminal BPSL and the neutral terminal BPSN at the other end of the main breaker CB, and an output terminal connected to both ends of the rechargeable battery 52 for charging the rechargeable battery 52. An input terminal of the DC-AC converter 53 is connected to both terminals of the rechargeable battery 52, and it is used to convert the direct current in the rechargeable battery 52 into alternating current. The EMI filter is connected to the output of the DC-AC converter 53 for filtering high frequency harmonics in the alternating current output by the DC-AC converter 53, whereby the live line Uo at the output of the backup power supply 5 outputs the required alternating current.
The auxiliary power module 55 has its input terminals connected to both ends of the rechargeable battery 52 and its output for supplying various required dc voltages, such as coil power Vcc for relays K1, K2, and K3 and dc power for the controller 56.
The controller 56 is used for controlling the operating states of the charger 51 and the DC-AC converter 53, and for controlling the switching states of the controllable switches 14, 24, 34.
The power distribution principle of the power distribution system will be explained below in connection with the supply situation of the mains power supply, respectively.
When the main power supply is normally supplying power, the controller 56 controls the controllable switch 14, the controllable switch 24, and the controllable switch 34 to be turned off, controls the charger 51 to operate to charge the rechargeable battery 52, and controls the DC-AC converter 53 to stop operating, while the backup power supply 5 is not supplying AC power. The power of the main power supply is transmitted to the main circuit breaker CB, and then is electrically connected to the load circuit breakers CB1, CB2 and CB3 through the relays K1, K2 and K3 respectively so as to supply power to the first load, the second load and the third load respectively.
During the period that the main power supply is normally supplied and the backup power supply 5 does not supply alternating current, if the power supply to a certain load is required to be stopped, the controllable switch corresponding to the load is controlled to be conducted. For example, if the first load does not need to be powered, the controller 56 controls the controllable switch 14 in the relay K1 to be turned on so that the common terminal 11 of the relay K1 is connected to the second switching terminal 13, whereby the live line terminal BPSL at the other end of the main circuit breaker CB is disconnected from the other end of the load circuit breaker CB1, and the first load connected to the load circuit breaker CB1 is stopped from being powered, thereby being able to selectively control whether each load is powered by the main power supply.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the power distribution system shown in fig. 1 during a main power outage or overvoltage/undervoltage. As shown in fig. 2, when the main power supply fails or runs under voltage, the main circuit breaker CB is opened, the controller 56 controls the charger 51 to stop working, and supplies a pulse width modulation signal to the DC-AC converter 53 to control the working thereof, so that the output Uo of the backup power supply supplies the required alternating current. The controller 56 further controls the controllable switch 14, the controllable switch 24 and the controllable switch 34 to be in a conducting state, and the output terminal Uo of the backup power source 5 is electrically connected with the load circuit breakers CB1, CB2 and CB3 through the relays K1, K2 and K3, so as to supply power to the first load, the second load and the third load respectively.
And controlling a controllable switch in a relay electrically connected with a certain load to be disconnected if the power supply of the load needs to be stopped during the period that the power supply of the main power supply is stopped and the output end UO of the backup power supply provides the required alternating current. For example, if it is desired to stop supplying power to the second load, the controller 56 controls the controllable switch 24 to be in the open state, whereby the common terminal of the relay K2 is connected to the first switching terminal, thereby breaking the conductive path between the load breaker CB2 and the output Uo of the backup power source, thereby enabling to selectively control whether each load is supplied with power by the backup power source.
The controller 56 is further configured to determine a power of each load according to the load currents in the first, second and third loads measured by the current transformers CT1, CT2 and CT3, respectively. When the power of a load is large, for example, the power of the third load is larger than the output power of the backup power source, the controller 56 controls the controllable switch 34 to be turned off, and the power supply to the third load is stopped. Thereby enabling selective control of whether the load is powered by the backup power source.
In summary, when the main power supply is powered off or is under-voltage, the output Uo of the backup power supply provides alternating current, and if a load with relatively high importance (i.e., needing to be continuously supplied with power) and relatively low power consumption exists in a plurality of loads, the controllable switch in the relay electrically connected with the load is controlled to be turned on, so that the alternating current at the output Uo of the backup power supply is transmitted to the load. Finally, the purpose that the backup power supply is selectively used for continuously supplying power to the more important load with lower power consumption during the power failure or over-voltage and under-voltage period of the main power supply is achieved.
The main power supply can normally supply power to the load in most of time, so that the common terminal in the relay is connected to the first switching terminal in most of time, the controllable switch in the relay is in an off state, the coil power supply Vcc does not supply power to the coil in most of time, and the electric energy of the coil power supply Vcc is saved.
Each cable sleeve on the distribution board wraps or is sleeved with a group of live wires, zero wires and ground wires, so that the wiring of operators is facilitated, and the mis-wiring is avoided.
The zero line row on the distribution board connects all the zero lines together, and the ground line row connects all the ground lines together. When a user accesses a load, the live wire terminal, the zero line terminal and the ground wire terminal of each load are only required to be electrically connected with the live wire, the zero line and the ground wire wrapped or sleeved by each cable sleeve respectively, and extra wires are not required to be added to be connected to the zero line and the ground wire in the distribution board. The wiring complexity is reduced, the misconnection of the live wire terminal, the zero line terminal and the ground wire terminal of the load and the connecting terminal on the switchboard is prevented, the length of the lead is reduced, and the wiring cost is saved; the wiring space of the zero line and the ground wire is reduced, so that the space of the distribution board is more compact.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the power supply condition of the main power supply can be judged by detecting the voltage of the main power supply. For example, when the first threshold voltage is less than or equal to the voltage of the main power supply less than or equal to the second threshold voltage, the main power supply is judged to be normal. And when the voltage of the main power supply is less than the first threshold voltage, judging that the main power supply is powered off or is under-voltage. And judging the overvoltage of the main power supply when the voltage of the main power supply is larger than the second threshold voltage. The present invention is not intended to limit the specific values of the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage, which may be determined according to the withstand voltage range of the load, for example, the first threshold voltage may be selected to be 70% of the rated voltage, and the second threshold voltage may be 130% of the rated voltage.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the DC-AC converter 53 includes a DC boost converter for boosting the lower DC voltage of the rechargeable battery 52 to a higher bus voltage and a DC-AC inverter for inverting the bus voltage to AC power at a desired voltage. Therefore, the rechargeable battery with lower rated output voltage can be selected, and the cost of the battery is greatly reduced.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the connection relationship of the relay is configured to: when the controllable switch is in a conducting state, the common terminal is connected to the first change-over switch; and when its controllable switch is in the off-state, its common terminal is connected to the second changeover switch.
The controllable switch of the invention is different from a manually operated switch device, and can be a current control element such as a triode, a voltage control element such as a power switch tube, an optical coupling control switch and the like.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a power supply changeover switch such as a single-pole double-throw switch is used instead of the common terminal, the first changeover terminal, and the second changeover terminal in the relay of the above-described embodiment.
In other embodiments of the present invention, a switching device such as an air switch, an overvoltage/undervoltage release, or an ac contactor, which can turn on and off a load circuit, is used instead of the main breaker or the load breaker in the above embodiments.
The distribution board of the present invention is not limited to supplying 3 loads, and may distribute any number of load branches, each of which includes a load breaker, a current transformer, and a relay.
Although the present invention has been described by way of preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electrical distribution system, comprising:
a backup power source, comprising:
a charger for charging the rechargeable battery with alternating current of the main power supply; and
a DC-AC converter for converting the direct current output from the rechargeable battery into alternating current;
a power panel, comprising:
a main switching device having one end for connection to the main power supply;
a load switching device having one end for connection to a load; and
a power supply changeover switch controllably causing the other end of the load switching device to be electrically connected to one of the other end of the main switching device and a power supply terminal of the backup power supply.
2. The power distribution system of claim 1, further comprising a controller for controlling the operating states of the charger and the DC-AC converter and controlling the switching state of the power supply switch based on the voltage of the main power supply.
3. The power distribution system of claim 2, wherein the backup power source comprises an auxiliary power module having an input connected to both ends of the rechargeable battery and configured to provide direct current to the controller and power supply switch.
4. The power distribution system of claim 1, wherein the backup power source further comprises an electromagnetic interference filter connected to an output of the DC-AC converter.
5. The power distribution system of claim 1, wherein the DC-AC converter comprises:
a DC boost converter, the input end of which is connected to the two ends of the rechargeable battery; and
and the input end of the DC-AC inverter is connected to the output end of the DC boost converter, and the output end of the DC-AC inverter is used as the output end of the DC-AC converter.
6. The electrical distribution system of any of claims 1-5, wherein the power supply switch is a relay comprising:
a common terminal electrically connected to the other end of the load switching device;
a first switching terminal electrically connected to the other end of the main switching device;
a second switching terminal electrically connected to a power supply terminal of the backup power supply;
a magnetic core;
a coil wound around the magnetic core;
a controllable switch in series with the coil; and
a coil power supply for powering the coil.
7. The electrical distribution system of claim 6, wherein the common terminal and the first switching terminal are in contact when the controllable switch is controlled to open; when the controllable switch is controlled to be on, the common terminal is in contact with the second switching terminal.
8. The power distribution system of any of claims 1-5, wherein the distribution board further comprises a current transformer for measuring current in the load switchgear;
and/or, the panel board further comprises:
a main cable bushing for wrapping or jacketing together a set of live, neutral and ground wires, the set of live, neutral and ground wires in the main cable bushing configured to be electrically connected to the main power supply;
a load cable sleeve for wrapping or jacketing together a set of live, neutral and ground wires, the set of live, neutral and ground wires in the load cable sleeve configured to be electrically connected to the load;
a zero line bank for electrically connecting a zero line in the switchboard; and
a ground line bank for electrically connecting a ground line in the distribution board.
9. A control method for an electric power distribution system according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of: detecting the voltage of a main power supply in the power distribution system, controlling the working states of a charger and a DC-AC converter in the power distribution system according to the voltage of the main power supply, and controlling the switching state of a power supply change-over switch in the power distribution system.
10. The control method according to claim 9,
when the voltage of the main power supply is less than or equal to a first threshold voltage and less than or equal to a second threshold voltage, controlling the power supply change-over switch to enable the other end of the load switch device to be electrically connected to the other end of the main switch device, controlling the charger to work to charge the rechargeable battery, and controlling the DC-AC converter to stop working;
or, when the voltage of the main power supply is less than a first threshold voltage or the voltage of the main power supply is greater than a second threshold voltage and the power of the load is less than the output power of the backup power supply, controlling the power supply changeover switch to enable the other end of the load switch device to be electrically connected to the power supply end of the backup power supply, controlling the charger to stop working, and controlling the DC-AC converter to work to convert the direct current of the rechargeable battery into the alternating current.
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