CN110985038A - Construction method of underground reinforced concrete air bridge of coal mine - Google Patents
Construction method of underground reinforced concrete air bridge of coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110985038A CN110985038A CN201911300223.9A CN201911300223A CN110985038A CN 110985038 A CN110985038 A CN 110985038A CN 201911300223 A CN201911300223 A CN 201911300223A CN 110985038 A CN110985038 A CN 110985038A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/006—Ventilation at the working face of galleries or tunnels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a construction method of a reinforced concrete air bridge under a coal mine, which comprises the steps of firstly carrying out top-lifting operation from one side to the other side in a return airway, installing and excavating a foundation on the inner side of a lower airway after the construction of the upper part of the air bridge is finished → binding reinforcing steel bars → pouring concrete → wall upper beams → laying top I-shaped steel, filling loess and tamping, and finally forming the air bridge. Compared with the construction of the stone air bridge as the raw material, the invention has the advantages that the tunnel is formed after the top-raising support in the upper tunnel, the tunnel is formed after the side-loading machine in the lower tunnel excavates the foundation and four corners of the T-shaped opening and supports, the steel bars are bound, the formwork is erected, the concrete wall is poured, the upper beam is erected, the I-shaped steel is laid, the cement back plate is fully paved, the loess is filled and tamped, and finally the air bridge is formed. Although the construction procedures are more, the construction period is short, the safety factor is high, the labor intensity is reduced, the later maintenance is less, and the deformation is not easy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground coal mine air bridges, in particular to a construction method of an underground coal mine reinforced concrete air bridge.
Background
The air bridge has special function, is a facility which is arranged at the intersection of the air inlet and the air return and ensures that the air return and the air inlet are not mixed, and sometimes the factors such as transportation, pedestrians and the like are also considered, and the construction process directly determines the magnitude of local ventilation resistance and the safety of the transportation and the pedestrians.
The existing air bridge is formed by building mortar stone, drilling holes, blasting and jacking are needed for the upper roadway, a cross opening of the lower roadway is used for manually excavating a wall body and a foundation, then the stone wall is built manually, loess is filled behind the wall for tamping, I-shaped steel is erected above the wall body, a cement back plate is fully paved, and loess is filled for tamping. The air bridge is high in labor intensity, long in construction period, low in compression strength of the stone air bridge, capable of causing wall deformation, wall surface cracks, serious air leakage and large in repair amount when the top plate is pressed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a reinforced concrete air bridge in a coal mine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for constructing a reinforced concrete air bridge under a coal mine comprises the following steps;
firstly, carrying out combined support by adopting an anchor rod, an anchor cable, a reinforcing mesh and sprayed concrete, and carrying out mountain-climbing and top-pressing construction after the top is lifted to be flat from one side to the other side in a return airway;
secondly, after the construction of the upper part of the air bridge is finished, excavating a foundation in a lower roadway;
thirdly, binding steel bars; the reinforcing steel bars comprise main reinforcing steel bars and auxiliary reinforcing steel bars, wherein the main reinforcing steel bars are vertical reinforcing steel bars, and the auxiliary reinforcing steel bars are transverse reinforcing steel bars; the distance between the adjacent vertical ribs is 300mm, the distance between the adjacent transverse ribs is 300mm, and the inner side and the outer side of each transverse rib are arranged on the two opposite sides of each vertical rib; the contact points of adjacent steel bars are bound by 18-gauge lead wires;
fourthly, erecting a formwork and pouring a concrete wall; firstly, drawing a middle waist line for inspection, supporting a formwork after meeting the requirement, cleaning the contact surface of a template and concrete, and then coating oil; then, a working table is set up according to the height of the poured concrete; after the wall body is conveyed to a working place by pouring concrete, constructors and workers are well arranged on the mud pan; when concrete is poured, uniform feeding is carried out on the periphery, the concrete is poured and tamped in layers, the thickness of each layer is not more than 300mm, so that the template is uniformly stressed, the template is prevented from being pushed, and then the concrete is tamped and compacted by using a vibrating rod;
fifthly, manually installing a bottom beam parallel to the wall body at the upper ends of the wall bodies on two opposite sides according to the central line, wherein the length of the bottom beam is the same as that of the wall body; then, arranging a cross beam at intervals of a first distance from one end of the wall body, arranging a pair of cross beams at intervals of a second distance, wherein the second distance is 2 times of the first distance, and two ends of each cross beam are respectively lapped on two bottom beams;
sixthly, paving a cement back plate on the cross beam, filling loess into the cement back plate layer by layer for tamping, tamping the loess once every time 200mm of loess is paved, inserting the loess by a gun stick after tamping, and ensuring that the inserting depth is not more than 1cm at any point to be qualified;
and seventhly, filling waste rocks below the outer side of the concrete wall to form a slope, and filling loess between the slope and the wall to tamp to form an air bridge.
Furthermore, the lap joint length of the joint of each steel bar is more than or equal to 30 times of the diameter of the steel bar, the joint end of the steel bar is in a hook shape, the radius of the hook is 30mm, and the hook length is not less than 70 mm.
Further, the dimensions of the foundation are: 1m wide and 0.6m deep; the size of the concrete wall body is as follows: the length is 12m, and the wall thickness is 0.6 m; the first distance is 0.5m, the second distance is 1.0m, the lap joint length of the beam and the wall body is 0.6m, and the beam is made of No. 12 mining I-steel with the length of 5.7 m.
Further, the workbench comprises a mounting frame and a frame plate, and the mounting frame is formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of steel pipes; the frame plates are horizontally arranged on the mounting frame, two ends of each frame plate are tightly bound with the steel pipe rod through lead wires, and the frame plates extend out of the mounting frame by 150-200 mm.
Further, the diameter of the steel pipe is 50 mm.
Further, in the fourth step. The height of the wall body does not exceed 1m in each pouring process.
Furthermore, in the fourth step, a layered erecting mode is adopted for formwork erecting, the stubbles of each layer of formwork are tight, the stubbles are not more than 10mm, the gaps between the adjacent formworks are precisely aligned, and a gap blocking measure is taken for the gap larger than 5mm between the adjacent formworks.
Furthermore, the vertical ribs and the transverse ribs are made of ∅ 20mm round steel.
Furthermore, the foundation comprises a foundation groove and T-shaped grooves excavated at four corners, so that the foundation area of the wall body is increased, and the stability is good.
The invention has the following technical effects: the wall body is firm, the air leakage is less, the labor intensity is low, the safety coefficient is high, the repair amount is reduced, the construction period is short, the labor intensity is reduced, the later maintenance is less, the deformation is not easy, the structural strength is improved, and the use requirements of normal transportation, ventilation, pedestrians and the like of a roadway are met. The ventilation in the tunneling period, the stoping period and the later period can be ensured not to be influenced, the air bridge is not easy to deform, the repair rate is low, the material cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the normal ventilation, transportation and tunneling can be met.
In addition, the method of hoisting the track or the I-steel beam by the top plate is adopted at the top of the lower air bridge, so that the transfer of a stressed body at the top of the air bridge is ensured, the bearing performance of the air bridge is also ensured, the standard of the air bridge is completely met, and the construction process is safe, efficient and practical.
Calculating the cost required by the design and the tunneling construction of the original wind bridge; calculating the cost required by tunneling each meter of rock roadway (inclined roadway) and masonry of material stones according to related contents of 'quota of consumption of engineering for coal construction roadway', wherein the total cost is 60.3 ten thousand yuan; and (4) calculating the cost required by the air bridge tunneling construction after the design is modified, and calculating the cost required by tunneling each meter of rock roadway (inclined roadway) according to the related contents of 'coal construction roadway engineering consumption quota' and the pouring of reinforced concrete, wherein the total cost is 68.3 ten thousand yuan. According to the comprehensive consideration of the actual situation on site, the air bridge built by the stone is influenced by the pressure of a roadway, has serious deformation and air leakage, needs to be reinforced for many times manually, and has the maintenance cost of about 30 ten thousand yuan for reinforcing the air bridge again each time. So adopt reinforced concrete wind bridge to replace stone to build by laying bricks or stones wind bridge construction technology, the time limit for a project is short, efficient, and the firm service life of wind bridge is long, and operation low in labor strength, the later maintenance volume is little, and overall cost expense is few, and stone masonry wind bridge leaks out seriously, and the repair rate is high, maintains at every turn and practices thrift the cost: 60.3+ 30-68.3 =22 ten thousand yuan. Therefore, each air bridge is constructed, the capital can be saved by 22 ten thousand yuan for later maintenance and reinforcement, dozens of air bridges need to be constructed in a mine, and the comprehensive economic effect is very considerable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a design drawing of a reinforced concrete air bridge under a coal mine in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a reinforced concrete wind bridge according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a reinforced concrete support of the air bridge wall and the foundation cylinder in the embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of arrangement of steel bars of a straight wall section in the embodiment.
Reference numerals: 1. a wall body; 2. an air inlet channel; 3. an air return channel; 4. loess; 5. gangue; 6. a cross beam; 7. a bottom beam; 8. erecting ribs; 9. transverse ribs; 10. a cement backing plate; 11. t-shaped grooves.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-4, a method for constructing a reinforced concrete air bridge under a coal mine comprises the following steps;
firstly, carrying out combined support by adopting an anchor rod, an anchor cable, a reinforcing mesh and sprayed concrete, and carrying out mountain-climbing and top-pressing construction after the top is lifted to be flat from one side to the other side in a return airway;
secondly, after the construction of the upper part of the air bridge is finished, excavating a foundation in a lower roadway; the foundation includes the foundation groove and the T-shaped groove 11 of four corner excavations, has improved 1 foundation area of wall body, and stability is good.
Thirdly, binding steel bars; the reinforcing steel bars comprise main reinforcing steel bars and auxiliary reinforcing steel bars, wherein the main reinforcing steel bars are vertical reinforcing steel bars 8, and the auxiliary reinforcing steel bars are transverse reinforcing steel bars 9; the distance between the adjacent vertical ribs 8 is 300mm, the distance between the adjacent transverse ribs 9 is 300mm, and the transverse ribs 9 are arranged on two opposite sides of the vertical ribs 8 at the inner side and the outer side; the contact points of adjacent steel bars are bound by 18-gauge lead wires; the vertical ribs 8 and the transverse ribs 9 are made of ∅ 20mm round steel.
The lap joint length of the joint of each steel bar is more than or equal to 30 times of the diameter of the steel bar, the joint end of the steel bar is in a hook shape, the radius of the hook is 30mm, and the length of the hook is not less than 70 mm.
Fourthly, erecting a formwork and pouring a concrete wall 1; firstly, drawing a middle waist line for inspection, supporting a formwork after meeting the requirement, cleaning the contact surface of a template and concrete, and then coating oil; then, a working table is set up according to the height of the poured concrete; after the wall body 1 is conveyed to a working place by pouring concrete, constructors and workers are well arranged on the mud pan; when concrete is poured, uniform feeding is carried out on the periphery, the concrete is poured and tamped in layers, the thickness of each layer is not more than 300mm, so that the template is uniformly stressed, the template is prevented from being pushed, and then the concrete is tamped and compacted by using a vibrating rod;
the workbench comprises a mounting rack and a frame plate, and the mounting rack is formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of steel pipes; the frame plates are horizontally arranged on the mounting frame, two ends of each frame plate are tightly bound with the steel pipe rod through lead wires, and the frame plates extend out of the mounting frame by 150-200 mm. The diameter of the steel tube is 50 mm.
The height of the wall body 1 does not exceed 1m each time. The formwork is erected in a layered mode, each layer of formwork is connected closely, the stubbles of the formworks are not more than 10mm, the gaps between the adjacent formworks are in precise butt joint, and a gap blocking measure is taken for the gap larger than 5mm between the adjacent formworks.
Fifthly, manually installing a bottom beam 7 parallel to the wall body 1 at the upper ends of the wall bodies 1 on two opposite sides according to the central line of the upper end of the wall body 1, wherein the length of the bottom beam 7 is the same as that of the wall body 1; then, arranging a crossbeam 6 at intervals of a first distance from one end of the wall body 1, arranging a pair of crossbeams 6 at intervals of a second distance, wherein the second distance is 2 times of the first distance, and two ends of each crossbeam 6 are respectively lapped on two bottom beams 7;
the dimensions of the foundation are: 1m wide and 0.6m deep; the concrete wall 1 has the following dimensions: the length is 12m, and the wall thickness is 0.6 m; the first distance is 0.5m, the second distance is 1.0m, the lap joint length of the cross beam 6 and the wall body 1 is 0.6m, and the cross beam 6 is made of No. 12 mining I-steel with the length of 5.7 m.
Sixthly, paving a cement back plate 10 on the cross beam 6, filling loess 4 into the cement back plate 10 in layers for tamping, tamping the loess 4 once every time when 200mm of loess 4 is paved, inserting the cement back plate with a cannon stick violently after tamping, and taking the inserting depth not more than 1cm at any point as qualified;
and seventhly, filling waste rocks 6 at the outer side of the concrete wall body 1 to form a slope, and filling loess 4 between the slope and the wall body 1 to tamp the slope and form an air bridge. The lower part of the air bridge is provided with an air inlet channel 2, and the upper part is provided with an air return channel 3.
Although only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and all changes are encompassed in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for constructing a reinforced concrete air bridge under a coal mine is characterized by comprising the following steps;
firstly, carrying out combined support by adopting an anchor rod, an anchor cable, a reinforcing mesh and sprayed concrete, and carrying out mountain-climbing and top-pressing construction after the top is lifted to be flat from one side to the other side in a return airway;
secondly, after the construction of the upper part of the air bridge is finished, excavating a foundation in a lower roadway;
thirdly, binding steel bars; the reinforcing steel bars comprise main reinforcing steel bars and auxiliary reinforcing steel bars, wherein the main reinforcing steel bars are vertical reinforcing steel bars, and the auxiliary reinforcing steel bars are transverse reinforcing steel bars; the distance between the adjacent vertical ribs is 300mm, the distance between the adjacent transverse ribs is 300mm, and the inner side and the outer side of each transverse rib are arranged on the two opposite sides of each vertical rib; the contact points of adjacent steel bars are bound by 18-gauge lead wires;
fourthly, erecting a formwork and pouring a concrete wall; firstly, drawing a middle waist line for inspection, supporting a formwork after meeting the requirement, cleaning the contact surface of a template and concrete, and then coating oil; then, a working table is set up according to the height of the poured concrete; after the wall body is conveyed to a working place by pouring concrete, constructors and workers are well arranged on the mud pan; when concrete is poured, uniform feeding is carried out on the periphery, the concrete is poured and tamped in layers, the thickness of each layer is not more than 300mm, so that the template is uniformly stressed, the template is prevented from being pushed, and then the concrete is tamped and compacted by using a vibrating rod;
fifthly, manually installing a bottom beam parallel to the wall body at the upper ends of the wall bodies on two opposite sides according to the central line, wherein the length of the bottom beam is the same as that of the wall body; then, arranging a cross beam at intervals of a first distance from one end of the wall body, arranging a pair of cross beams at intervals of a second distance, wherein the second distance is 2 times of the first distance, and two ends of each cross beam are respectively lapped on two bottom beams;
sixthly, paving a cement back plate on the cross beam, filling loess into the cement back plate layer by layer for tamping, tamping the loess once every time 200mm of loess is paved, inserting the loess by a gun stick after tamping, and ensuring that the inserting depth is not more than 1cm at any point to be qualified;
and seventhly, filling waste rocks below the outer side of the concrete wall to form a slope, and filling loess between the slope and the wall to tamp to form an air bridge.
2. The method for constructing the reinforced concrete air bridge underground the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the lap joint length of the joint of each steel bar is more than or equal to 30 times of the diameter of the steel bar, the joint end of the steel bar is in a hook shape, the radius of the hook is 30mm, and the hook length is not less than 70 mm.
3. The method for constructing the reinforced concrete wind bridge under the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the size of the foundation is as follows: 1m wide and 0.6m deep; the size of the concrete wall body is as follows: the length is 12m, and the wall thickness is 0.6 m; the first distance is 0.5m, the second distance is 1.0m, the lap joint length of the beam and the wall body is 0.6m, and the beam is made of No. 12 mining I-steel with the length of 5.7 m.
4. The method for constructing the reinforced concrete wind bridge under the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the working platform comprises a mounting frame and a frame plate, and the mounting frame is formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of steel pipes; the frame plates are horizontally arranged on the mounting frame, two ends of each frame plate are tightly bound with the steel pipe rod through lead wires, and the frame plates extend out of the mounting frame by 150-200 mm.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the diameter of the steel pipe is 50 mm.
6. The method for constructing the reinforced concrete wind bridge underground the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the height of the poured wall body is not more than 1m each time.
7. The method for constructing the reinforced concrete air bridge underground the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the formwork is erected layer by layer, the stubbles of each layer of formwork are tight, the stubbles are not more than 10mm, the gaps between the adjacent formworks are precisely aligned, and the gap larger than 5mm is blocked by adopting a gap blocking measure aiming at the adjacent formworks.
8. The method for constructing the reinforced concrete wind bridge underground the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the vertical bars and the transverse bars are made of ∅ 20mm round steel.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the foundation includes a foundation trench and a t-shaped trench dug at a corner.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112160785A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-01 | 王炎宾 | Rapid reinforcing and pouring method for coal mine underground overpass |
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