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CN110978561A - Preparation method of fiber preform of composite material cover body with full-layering structure - Google Patents

Preparation method of fiber preform of composite material cover body with full-layering structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110978561A
CN110978561A CN201911388714.3A CN201911388714A CN110978561A CN 110978561 A CN110978561 A CN 110978561A CN 201911388714 A CN201911388714 A CN 201911388714A CN 110978561 A CN110978561 A CN 110978561A
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China
Prior art keywords
laying
layer
fiber
unit
cover body
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Pending
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CN201911388714.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈静
王宇
黄峰
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AVIC Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute
AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute
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AVIC Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute
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Priority to CN201911388714.3A priority Critical patent/CN110978561A/en
Publication of CN110978561A publication Critical patent/CN110978561A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/38Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a fiber preform of a composite material cover body with a full-layering structure, wherein the fiber preform comprises a cover body top wall part, and the cover body side wall part and a cover body horizontal flanging part divide a fiber preform layering into a plurality of layering units which are respectively marked as L1~LNEach ply unit comprises m layers of fiber plies, which are respectively marked as LNP1~LNPmEach layer laying unit is provided with a laying mold in one-to-one correspondence, and the laying molds are respectively marked as M1~MN(ii) a The preparation method comprises the following steps: s1: making a layer laying unit L1(ii) a S2: in the laying die M according to the step S1NUpper finished layer laying unit LNWherein N is greater than or equal to 2; s3: laying layer unit LNFrom lay-up moulds MNTaken down from top and sleeved on a layer laying unit LN‑1Upper, wherein the layer unit LNAnd a layer laying unit LN‑1The rotation angle of the seam position at the horizontal plane of the laying die is theta, thisThe method can reduce the difficulty of preparing the prefabricated flanging flange and ensure that the sewn abutted seams are uniformly distributed on the whole cover body wall.

Description

Preparation method of fiber preform of composite material cover body with full-layering structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to a resin-based composite material liquid molding technology, in particular to a preparation method of a fiber preform of a composite material cover body with a full-layering structure.
Background
The Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) technology is mainly characterized in that firstly, a designed fiber preform is laid in a mold cavity, gas in the mold cavity is exhausted, then a special Resin system is injected into the mold cavity by adopting injection equipment, the fiber is infiltrated while the Resin flows, and finally, a composite material part can be obtained by heating, curing, cooling and demolding. When a large-curvature semispherical-structure composite material part with a flange is prepared in a layer laying mode, each layer laying is realized by splicing and seaming a plurality of sub-layers. The suture positions of each layer need to be designed, the splicing seam positions between the adjacent layers cannot be overlapped and are far away as far as possible, and the mechanical property loss of the cover body is ensured to be minimum. And after all the layers are laid, closing the mold, performing resin injection, heating for curing, and demolding to obtain the composite material cover body.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a fiber preform of a composite material cover body with a full-layering structure, which can reduce the difficulty of preparing a flanging flange of the preform and ensure that the sewn abutted seams are uniformly distributed on the whole cover body wall.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides that the fiber preform includes a cover top wall portion, a cover side wall portion and a cover horizontal flanging portion, and the fiber preform layer is divided into a plurality of layer units, which are respectively denoted as L1~LNEach ply unit comprises m layers of fiber plies, which are respectively marked as LNP1~LNPmAnd paving and stacking molds are correspondingly arranged on each paving unit one by one, and the paving and stacking molds are respectively marked as M1~MN(ii) a The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: making a layer laying unit L1The method comprises the following steps:
s1.1: by laser projection in a lay-up mode M1Upper throwing out fibre laying layer L1P1The first suture position, the second suture position and the pole position are marked, and the first suture position and the second suture position are separated by an angle of 180 degrees relative to the axis of the cover body;
s1.2: laying the fibers L1P1Spreading on the blanking table, spreading on the fiber layer L1P1Marking out a blanking area by using a dotted line, and marking in the blanking areaA plurality of radial tracing lines, latitudinal tracing lines and pole marks are formed;
s1.3: cutting off the blanking area, and laying fiber layer L1P1Top pole mark and lay-up die M1The upper pole position marks are aligned and gradually move towards the stacking module M along the pole position marks1Fiber layer L is tiled around the surface1P1Cutting at the first sewing line position and the second sewing line position and subtracting the redundant material sheets;
s1.4: taking down the fiber layer L cut in the step 31P1Laying on a blanking table, laying fiber layer L by measurement1P1Is made into a planar laser projection digital file F1P1
S1.5: calculating the magnification factor A of each layer of fiber layup according to the geometric configuration, and taking the magnification factor F as1P1Producing a projection digital file F according to the amplification factor in sequence for reference1P2~F1Pm
S1.6: according to a projection file F on a blanking platform1P2~F1PmBlanking the outer contour to obtain a fiber layer L1P2~L1Pm
S1.7: laying the cut fiber layer L in S1.41P1Laid on a lay-up mould M1And laying the fibers into a layer L1P1Top pole mark and lay-up die M1The upper pole position marks are aligned and gradually move towards the stacking module M along the pole position marks1Fiber layer L is tiled around the surface1P1Sewing the first suture line and the second suture line to complete the fiber layer L1P1Laying;
s1.8: in a lay-up mould M1The fiber layer L is put in through laser projection1PkThe first suture position, the second suture position and the pole position mark, and a fiber layer L1PkRelative to the fibre lay L1Pk-1The first suture line is arranged at the position of the laying mold waterThe rotation angle at the plane is theta, and the fiber lay L1PkRelative to the fibre lay L1Pk-1The second suture line is positioned at the horizontal plane of the laying die with a rotation angle theta, and the fibers are laid into a layer L1PkThe pole mark and the paving module M1The upper pole position marks are aligned and gradually move towards the stacking module M along the pole position marks1Spreading fiber layer around the surface, and spreading L1PkFirst stitch line position and L of layer1PkStitching at a second stitch line position of the layer to complete L1PkLaying layers, k being 2-m, to complete a layer laying unit L1Manufacturing;
s2: in the laying die M according to the step S1NUpper and lower laying layer unit LNL in (1)NPkLayers, where k is 1-m, completing a layering unit LNWherein N is greater than or equal to 2;
s3: fixed spreading and stacking mold M1Laying layer unit LNFrom lay-up moulds MNTaken down from top and sleeved on a layer laying unit LN-1N is more than or equal to 2, wherein the layering unit LNMiddle LNP1First and second stitch line positions of a layer relative to a ply unit LN-1Middle LN-1PmThe rotation angles of the first suture line position and the second suture line position of the layer at the horizontal plane of the laying mold are theta, and the whole cover body laying unit L is completed1~LNAssembling the fiber preform.
Further, the area of the blanking area is larger than that of the paving and stacking die M1The area of the layup surface.
Further, the rotation directions of the odd ply units and the even ply units are the same, and the rotation directions are the same anticlockwise.
Further, the fiber layering is plain cloth fiber fabric, glass fiber or quartz fiber.
Further, the amplification factor a is constant.
In conclusion, each fiber layer is a whole layer, and the number of spliced material sheets is reduced because the layers are not sub-layers. Compared with a layer prepared by stitching and splicing a plurality of sub-layers, the length of the abutted seam of each layer is short, and the stitching time is reduced. The fiber preform prepared by the whole laying layer has no abutted seam at the pole of the spherical part at the top of the cover body, and the integrity of the internal fiber near the pole is maintained. The integral layer comprises a flanging part, so that the difficulty in preparing the flange of the prefabricated body is reduced. The edge joint position of each layer of fiber laying in the laying unit rotates relative to the rotating shaft of the cover body at a certain angle interval, so that the sewed edge joints are uniformly distributed on the whole cover body wall.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fiber preform according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a semi-sectional view of a fiber preform according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a fiber preform according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a fiber lay-up and trace marking according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates the shape of a cut fiber mat according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the stitch position rotation of two adjacent fiber plies according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a housing top wall portion; 2. a housing side wall portion; 3. a horizontal flanging part of the cover body; 4. layer laying unit L1(ii) a 5. Layer laying unit LN(ii) a 6. Spreading and stacking mold M1(ii) a 7. Fibre lay L1P1A first suture line; 8. fibre lay L1P1A second suture thread; 9. marking the pole position; 10. a blanking area; 11. radial tracing lines; 12. tracing lines in the weft direction; 13. marking a pole; 14. cutting outLaying the fiber; 15. fibre lay L1P2A first suture line; 16. fibre lay L1P2A second suture.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but covers any modifications, alterations, and improvements in the parts, components, and connections without departing from the spirit of the invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 to 6 show a method for preparing a fiber preform of a composite material cover body with a full-ply structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the fiber preform includes a cover body top wall portion 1, a cover body side wall portion 2 and a cover body horizontal flanging portion 3 divide a fiber preform ply into a plurality of ply units, which are respectively denoted as L1~LNEach ply unit comprises m layers of fiber plies, which are respectively marked as LNP1~LNPmAnd paving and stacking molds are correspondingly arranged on each paving unit one by one, and the paving and stacking molds are respectively marked as M1~MN(ii) a The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: making a layer laying unit L1The method comprises the following steps:
s1.1: by laser projection in a lay-up mode M1Upper throwing out fibre laying layer L1P1 First suture 7 position, fiber lay L1P1 Second suture 8 position and pole position markers 9, fiber lay L1P1 First suture 7 position and fiber lay L1P1The second suture 8 is positioned at an angle of 180 ° to the axis of the mask body;
s1.2: laying the fibers L1P1Flat spreadPlacing on a blanking table, and laying fiber layer L1P1Marking a blanking area by using a dotted line, and marking a plurality of radial tracing lines 11, weft tracing lines 12 and pole marks 13 in the blanking area;
s1.3: cutting off the blanking area 10 and laying the fibers into a layer L1P1The upper pole mark 13 and the stacking mold M1The upper pole position marks 9 are aligned and gradually move towards the lay-up mould M along the pole position marks 91Fiber layer L is tiled around the surface1P1At the fibre lay L1P1First suture 7 position and fiber lay L1P1A cut is made at the position of the second sewing line 8 and the redundant material sheet is subtracted;
s1.4: taking down the fiber layer L cut in the step 31P1Laying on a blanking table, laying fiber layer L by measurement1P1Is made into a planar laser projection digital file F1P1
S1.5: calculating the magnification factor A of each layer of fiber layup according to the geometric configuration, and taking the magnification factor F as1P1Producing a projection digital file F according to the amplification factor in sequence for reference1P2~F1Pm
S1.6: according to a projection file F on a blanking platform1P2~F1PmBlanking the outer contour to obtain a fiber layer L1P2~L1Pm
S1.7: laying the cut fiber layer L in S1.41P1Laid on a lay-up mould M1And laying the fibers into a layer L1P1The upper pole mark 13 and the stacking mold M1The upper pole position marks 9 are aligned and gradually move towards the lay-up mould M along the pole position marks 91Fiber layer L is tiled around the surface1P1Laying the fibers L1P1First suture 7 and fiber lay L1P1The second suture line 8 is sewed to complete the fiber laying L1P1Laying;
s1.8: in a lay-up mould M1The fiber layer L is put in through laser projection1PkThe first suture position, the second suture position and the pole position mark, and a fiber layer L1PkRelative to the fibre lay L1Pk-1The first suture line is positioned at the horizontal plane of the laying die, the rotation angle is theta, and the fiber laying layer L1PkRelative to the fibre lay L1Pk-1The second suture line is positioned at the horizontal plane of the laying die with a rotation angle theta, and the fibers are laid into a layer L1PkPole mark 13 and the lay-up die M1The upper pole position marks 9 are aligned and gradually move towards the lay-up mould M along the pole position marks 91Spreading fiber layer around the surface, and spreading L1PkFirst stitch line position and L of layer1PkStitching at a second stitch line position of the layer to complete L1PkLaying layers, k being 2-m, to complete a layer laying unit L1Manufacturing;
in step S1.8, the fibers are layered L1P2For example, as shown in FIG. 6, in which a cut fiber lay-up 14, a fiber lay-up L1P1 First stitch line 7, fiber lay L1P1Second stitching 8, fibre lay L1P2 First stitch line 15, fibre lay L1P2Second suture 16, pole location marker 9. And determining that the rotating direction is clockwise or anticlockwise, and after the rotating direction is determined, rotating the subsequent layers in the same direction. According to the laying die M1The fiber layer L is put in through laser projection1P2 First stitch line 15, fibre lay L1P2A second suture 16 and a pole location marker 9. Fibre lay L1P2First seam 15 comparison fibre lay L1P1The first suture 7 is laid on the lay-up mould M1The rotation angle at the horizontal plane is theta, and the fiber lay L1P2Second suture 16 vs. fiber lay L1P1 Second stitching thread 8 in the lay-up mould M1The rotation angle at the horizontal plane is θ. Mixing the fibersLayer L1P2Pole mark 13 and overlay M1The pole position marks 9 projected by the laser projection are aligned and gradually move toward the stacking module M along the pole position marks 91Spreading fiber layer around the surface, spreading fiber layer L1P2First suture 15 position and fibre lay L1P2Is sewn at the position of the second sewing line 16 to complete the fiber lay-up L1P2Laying.
S2: the stacking mold M is laid according to the step S1NUpper and lower laying layer unit LNL in (1)NPkLayers, where k is 1-m, completing a layering unit LNWherein N is greater than or equal to 2;
s3: fixed spreading and stacking mold M1Laying layer unit LNFrom lay-up moulds MNTaken down from top and sleeved on a layer laying unit LN-1N is more than or equal to 2, wherein the layering unit LNMiddle LNP1First and second stitch line positions of a layer relative to a ply unit LN-1Middle LN-1PmThe rotation angles of the first suture line position and the second suture line position of the layer at the horizontal plane of the laying mold are theta, and the whole cover body laying unit L is completed1~LNAssembling the fiber preform.
In step S3, taking the case where N is 3, m is 6, the rotation angle θ is 30 °, and the rotation direction is counterclockwise in the prepared fiber preform for the cover body as an example, the layering unit L is used1~L3When all are prepared, the implementation of S3 comprises the following steps:
step 1: fixed spreading and stacking mold M1Laying layer unit L2From lay-up moulds M2Take-up and take-down sleeve on laying layer unit L1Upper, wherein the layer unit L2Middle L2P1First and second stitch line positions of a layer relative to a ply unit L1Middle L1P6The rotation angles of the first suture line position and the second suture line position of the layer at the horizontal plane of the laying die are 30 degrees in the anticlockwise direction, and the laying unit L is completed1And L2Assembling the fiber preform;
step 2: fixed spreading and stacking mold M1Laying layer unit L3From lay-up moulds M3Take-up and take-down sleeve on laying layer unit L2Upper, wherein the layer unit L3Middle L3P1First and second stitch line positions of a layer relative to a ply unit L2Middle L2P6The rotation angles of the first suture line position and the second suture line position of the layer at the horizontal plane of the laying die are 30 degrees in the anticlockwise direction, and the laying unit L is completed3And L2The fiber preform of (a) is assembled to the whole cover body laying unit L1~L3The assembly of the fiber preform is completed.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the area of the blanking area 10 is larger than that of the stacking mold M14 of the surface area of the lay-up.
As an embodiment of the invention, the rotation directions of the odd ply units and the even ply units are the same, and the rotation directions are both anticlockwise or clockwise.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the fiber layer is a plain cloth fiber fabric, a glass fiber or a quartz fiber.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the amplification factor a is a constant value.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. For embodiments of the method, reference is made to the description of the apparatus embodiments in part. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not limited to the present application. Various modifications and alterations to this application will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (5)

1. The preparation method of the fiber preform of the composite material cover body with the full-layering structure is characterized in that the fiber preform comprises a cover body top wall part, a cover body side wall part and a cover body horizontal flanging part, wherein a fiber preform layering is divided into a plurality of layering units which are respectively marked as L1~LNEach ply unit comprises m layers of fiber plies, which are respectively marked as LNP1~LNPmAnd paving and stacking molds are correspondingly arranged on each paving unit one by one, and the paving and stacking molds are respectively marked as M1~MN(ii) a The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: making a layer laying unit L1The method comprises the following steps:
s1.1: the method comprises the steps that a first suture line position, a second suture line position and a pole position mark of a fiber laying layer L1P1 are thrown on a laying die M1 through laser projection, and the first suture line position and the second suture line position are separated by an angle of 180 degrees relative to the axis of a cover body;
s1.2: laying the fibers L1P1Spreading on the blanking table, spreading on the fiber layer L1P1Marking a blanking area by using a dotted line, and marking a plurality of radial tracing lines, latitudinal tracing lines and pole marks in the blanking area;
s1.3: cutting off the blanking area, and laying fiber layer L1P1Top pole mark and lay-up die M1The upper pole position marks are aligned and gradually move towards the stacking module M along the pole position marks1Fiber layer L is tiled around the surface1P1Cutting at the first sewing line position and the second sewing line position and subtracting the redundant material sheets;
s1.4: taking down the fiber layer L cut in the step 31P1Laying on a blanking table, laying fiber layer L by measurement1P1Is made into a planar laser projection digital file F1P1
S1.5: calculating each layer according to the geometric configurationThe magnification factor A of the fibre lay and is expressed as F1P1Producing a projection digital file F according to the amplification factor in sequence for reference1P2~F1Pm
S1.6: according to a projection file F on a blanking platform1P2~F1PmBlanking the outer contour to obtain a fiber layer L1P2~L1Pm
S1.7: laying the cut fiber layer L in S1.41P1Laid on a lay-up mould M1And laying the fibers into a layer L1P1Top pole mark and lay-up die M1The upper pole position marks are aligned and gradually move towards the stacking module M along the pole position marks1Fiber layer L is tiled around the surface1P1Sewing the first suture line and the second suture line to complete the fiber layer L1P1Laying;
s1.8: in a lay-up mould M1The fiber layer L is put in through laser projection1PkThe first suture position, the second suture position and the pole position mark, and a fiber layer L1PkRelative to the fibre lay L1Pk-1The first suture line is positioned at the horizontal plane of the laying die, the rotation angle is theta, and the fiber laying layer L1PkRelative to the fibre lay L1Pk-1The second suture line is positioned at the horizontal plane of the laying die with a rotation angle theta, and the fibers are laid into a layer L1PkThe pole mark and the paving module M1The upper pole position marks are aligned and gradually move towards the stacking module M along the pole position marks1Spreading fiber layer around the surface, and spreading L1PkFirst stitch line position and L of layer1PkStitching at a second stitch line position of the layer to complete L1PkLaying layers, k being 2-m, to complete a layer laying unit L1Manufacturing;
s2: in the laying die M according to the step S1NUpper laying layer laying unit LNL in (1)NPkA layer of a material selected from the group consisting of,wherein k is 1-m, completing a layering unit LNWherein N is greater than or equal to 2;
s3: fixed spreading and stacking mold M1Laying layer unit LNFrom lay-up moulds MNTaken down from top and sleeved on a layer laying unit LN-1N is more than or equal to 2, wherein the layering unit LNMiddle LNP1First and second stitch line positions of a layer relative to a ply unit LN-1Middle LN-1PmThe rotation angles of the first suture line position and the second suture line position of the layer at the horizontal plane of the laying mold are theta, and the whole cover body laying unit L is completed1~LNAssembling the fiber preform.
2. The method for preparing the fiber preform of the composite material cover body with the full-ply structure according to claim 1, wherein the area of the blanking area is larger than that of a paving and stacking mold M1The area of the layup surface.
3. The method for preparing the fiber preform of the composite material cover body with the full-ply structure according to claim 1, wherein the rotation directions of the odd-numbered ply units and the even-numbered ply units are the same and are the same in a counterclockwise direction.
4. The method for preparing the fiber preform of the composite material cover body with the full-ply structure according to claim 1, wherein the fiber ply is plain cloth fiber fabric, glass fiber or quartz fiber.
5. The method for preparing the fiber preform of the composite material cover body with the full-ply structure according to claim 1, wherein the amplification factor A is a constant value.
CN201911388714.3A 2019-12-30 2019-12-30 Preparation method of fiber preform of composite material cover body with full-layering structure Pending CN110978561A (en)

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CN112123805A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-12-25 常州启赋安泰复合材料科技有限公司 Paving and forming method of composite fender with safety protection function
CN113232322A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-08-10 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 Laying method suitable for composite material part with V-shaped cover body structure
CN113619148A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-11-09 江苏天鸟高新技术股份有限公司 Preparation method of oversized high-thickness special-shaped preform with flange

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Application publication date: 20200410