CN110966322A - Belt type oil pumping machine load-off safety protection device - Google Patents
Belt type oil pumping machine load-off safety protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110966322A CN110966322A CN201911412268.5A CN201911412268A CN110966322A CN 110966322 A CN110966322 A CN 110966322A CN 201911412268 A CN201911412268 A CN 201911412268A CN 110966322 A CN110966322 A CN 110966322A
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- brake
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009975 flexible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D59/00—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed
- F16D59/02—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed spring-loaded and adapted to be released by mechanical, fluid, or electromagnetic means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了皮带式抽油机断载安全保护装置，涉及皮带式抽油机断载安全保护装置，该皮带式抽油机断载安全保护装置，包括平衡箱、机架、制动块、摩擦片、扶正轮和弹簧，所述机架的内部插设有平衡箱，所述平衡箱的两侧对称开设有楔形槽，且平衡箱的两侧还对称开设有两个凹腔，两个所述楔形槽的内部均卡设有制动块，且两个制动块相邻于机架的一侧均通过螺钉固定连接有摩擦片，本发明除了利用平衡箱和机架外，只增加了弹簧、制动块和摩擦片，没有复杂的连杆传动机构，避免了因零件多、铰接点多、铰接处容易锈蚀等影响力矩传递和动作灵活性的问题，实现保护装置具有结构简单、动作灵活、制动效能更高的特点。
The invention discloses a load-off safety protection device for a belt-type oil pumping unit, and relates to a load-off safety protection device for a belt-type oil-pumping unit. Friction plates, centralizing wheels and springs, a balance box is inserted inside the frame, wedge-shaped grooves are symmetrically opened on both sides of the balance box, and two concave cavities are symmetrically opened on both sides of the balance box. Brake blocks are clamped inside the wedge-shaped grooves, and friction plates are fixedly connected to one side of the two brake blocks adjacent to the frame by screws. In addition to using the balance box and the frame, the present invention only increases the There are no springs, brake blocks and friction plates, and there is no complicated connecting rod transmission mechanism, which avoids the problems of torque transmission and movement flexibility due to many parts, many hinge points, and easy corrosion of the hinges. The protection device has a simple structure, It has the characteristics of flexible action and higher braking efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment, is applied to the oil exploitation industry, and particularly relates to a belt type pumping unit load-break safety protection device.
Background
At present, most of domestic belt pumping units do not have a load-interruption safety protection device, so that great potential safety hazards exist, and the part of the belt pumping units is provided with two types of load-interruption safety protection devices: when the load is disconnected, the telescopic rod loses upward tension, the load spring extends to push the sliding block to move downwards, and torque is transmitted to a friction plate through the connecting rod clamping mechanism, so that the friction plate clamps a vertical column of the pumping unit from two side surfaces, and the vertical column of the pumping unit is braked to prevent an accident caused by falling of a balance box of the pumping unit; the other type of emergency braking device is called as a vertical pumping unit counterweight anti-falling emergency braking device and is divided into a tower type frame type and a frame type. When the load is cut off, the suspension ring loses upward tension, the load spring extends to drive the connecting rod reversing mechanism to act, and the brake arm extends outwards to push the friction plate to rub and brake with the inner wall of the frame cylinder to prevent the counterweight (box) from falling; the frame type machine frame is composed of a load spring, a suspension ring, a suspension arm, a connecting rod reversing mechanism and the like, when the load is cut off, the suspension ring loses upward tension, the load spring extends to drive the connecting rod reversing mechanism to act, the suspension arm extends outwards to be hung on an anti-falling hanging rib on the frame, the balance weight (box) is prevented from falling off, and safety protection is realized.
Although the two load-shedding safety protection devices have different braking (stopping) modes, the two load-shedding safety protection devices have the defects of complex structure, more parts of a connecting rod mechanism, more hinge points, easy corrosion at the hinge joint and large volume of a load spring, and the whole device occupies larger space and influences the counterweight of a balance box; when the pumping unit is in a load interruption condition, the counterweight (box) is braked and stopped at an aerial position after the safety protection device plays a role, and the counterweight (box) can be put down only by lifting a load belt during subsequent treatment, so that the operation difficulty is high; in particular, the frame type frame of the anti-falling emergency braking device for the balance weight of the second vertical pumping unit adopts the mode that the suspension arm extends outwards and is hung on the anti-falling hanging rib, and the balance weight (box) has larger weight and larger kinetic energy impact, thereby having larger safety risk.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the safe and reliable braking device which has a simple structure, is convenient to manufacture and maintain, does not need external force and generates braking force by depending on the self potential energy and the kinetic energy of the balance box, and can achieve the effect of preventing the balance box from freely falling to break equipment to cause accidents which endanger production and personal safety when the oil pumping unit is in a load failure condition.
(II) technical scheme
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the invention provides a broken load safety protection device of a belt type oil pumping unit, which comprises a balance box, a rack, brake blocks, friction plates, a centering wheel and a spring, wherein the balance box is inserted in the rack, wedge-shaped grooves are symmetrically formed in two sides of the balance box, two concave cavities are also symmetrically formed in two sides of the balance box, the brake blocks are clamped in the two wedge-shaped grooves, one sides of the two brake blocks, which are adjacent to the rack, are fixedly connected with the friction plates through screws, the centering wheels are rotatably connected in the four concave cavities through rotating shafts, the four centering wheels protrude out of the concave cavities and are in contact with the inner wall of the rack, a certain gap is formed between the balance box and the rack, the friction plates are ensured not to be in contact with the rack, concave holes are formed in the bottoms of the two wedge-shaped grooves, seat holes corresponding to the two concave holes are formed in the bottom ends of the two, and the seat hole and the corresponding concave hole are combined into a cavity groove, and a spring is fixed inside the cavity groove.
Further, the brake block adopts steel wedge, the side and the vertical direction of wedge form the wedge angle, and the wedge angle is the friction auto-lock angle, and the angle of friction auto-lock angle is not more than 8.5 simultaneously.
Furthermore, the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped groove is inclined downwards and inwards at a certain angle with the horizontal direction, so that the brake block cannot automatically slide out, the inclined angle is larger than the angle of the self-locking angle of the wedge-shaped block, and meanwhile, the angle of the bottom of the wedge-shaped block is consistent with the angle of the bottom of the wedge-shaped groove.
Further, the frame is the main part component of beam-pumping unit, and the frame adopts H shaped steel, is the stand form, simultaneously the inner wall both sides of frame all form the right cylinder face.
Furthermore, friction pairs are formed between the friction plates and the upright post surfaces on two sides of the inner wall of the rack so as to brake.
Furthermore, the axial lead direction of the concave hole is parallel to the side direction of the wedge-shaped groove, and the axial lead of the seat hole is coincided with the axial lead of the concave hole.
Furthermore, the friction disc is formed by splicing four friction blocks, and screw holes distributed in a rectangular array are formed in the four friction blocks.
Further, in addition to the spring, which provides motive force to move the brake pads upward, an electric motor or an electromagnetic device may be used.
Furthermore, the two sides of the inner wall of the rack are symmetrically provided with brake plates, and the height and the width of each brake plate are consistent with those of the rack, so that one side of each friction plate and one side of each straightening wheel are in contact with the inner wall of each brake plate.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention only adds the spring, the brake block and the friction plate except for utilizing the balance box and the frame, has no complex connecting rod transmission mechanism, avoids the problems of influencing torque transmission and action flexibility due to more parts, more hinge points, easy corrosion at the hinge joint and the like, and realizes the characteristics of simple structure, flexible action and higher braking efficiency of the protection device.
2) The spring, the brake block and the friction plate are simple in structural characteristics, small in number and easy to process, particularly the spring does not need to bear large load, the size of the spring is much smaller than that of the first two devices, the overall occupied space is small, and the influence on the structure of the balance box is small.
3) The invention is very convenient to install, can be completed only by putting the brake block with the friction plate installed into the wedge-shaped groove of the balance box and putting the spring into the seat hole, does not need to be connected and fixed by pins, keys, bolts and the like, and is very convenient to maintain.
4) According to the invention, by utilizing the principle of weightlessness of a free falling object, only a small spring needs to be installed, the brake block can be pushed to slide by virtue of small force, when a friction plate on the brake block contacts a rack (or a brake plate on the rack), the friction force drives the brake block to continuously slide, so that the brake force is increased, and meanwhile, through the self-locking design of the brake block, the brake block is continuously extruded and the brake force is continuously increased under the action of the gravity component of the balance box until the balance box is completely braked, so that the brake force is derived from the gravity of the balance box, and the brake performance is safer and more reliable.
5) The balance box is prevented from falling down by using a brake block wedge (clamped) smaller than a self-locking angle between the balance box and the rack by utilizing the principle of friction self-locking, and the balance box is more and more tight when being clamped, so that the balance box is safe and reliable. The gravity brake is realized by the aid of the balance box, the heavier the balance box is, the larger the brake force is, and the additional brake force is not needed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the protection device of the present invention in normal operation.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the brake pad of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the protection device of the present invention in a braking state.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the balancing tank of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention during normal operation.
Fig. 7 is a top view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention in a braking state.
In the figure: 1-a balancing box; 2-a frame; 3-a brake block; 4-friction plate; 5-concave cells; 6-a righting wheel; 7-a spring; 8-wedge-shaped groove; 9-seat hole; 10-a cavity; 11-a brake plate; 12-screw hole.
Detailed Description
The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1-5, the belt type oil pumping unit load-breaking safety protection device comprises a balance box 1, a frame 2, brake blocks 3, friction plates 4, centering wheels 6 and springs 7, wherein the balance box 1 is inserted into the frame 2, the box body of the balance box 1 has a length of 1200mm, a width of 380mm and a height of 180mm, wedge-shaped grooves 8 are symmetrically formed on two sides of the balance box 1, two cavities 10 are also symmetrically formed on two sides of the balance box 1, the brake blocks 3 are respectively clamped in the two wedge-shaped grooves 8, one sides of the two brake blocks 3 adjacent to the frame 2 are respectively fixedly connected with the friction plates 4 through screws, the interiors of the four cavities 10 are respectively rotatably connected with the centering wheels 6 through rotating shafts, and the four centering wheels 6 protrude out of the cavities 10 and are in contact with the inner wall of the frame 2, so that a certain gap is formed between the balance box 1 and the frame 2, and the friction plates 4 are ensured not in, concave holes 5 are formed in the bottoms of the two wedge-shaped grooves 8, seat holes 9 corresponding to the two concave holes 5 one to one are formed in the bottom ends of the two brake blocks 3, the seat holes 9 and the corresponding concave holes 5 form cavity grooves, and springs 7 are fixed inside the cavity grooves.
Wherein, the axial lead direction of the concave hole 5 is parallel to the side direction of the wedge-shaped groove 8, and the axial lead of the seat hole 9 is coincided with the axial lead of the concave hole 5.
As shown in fig. 3, the brake block 3 is made of a steel wedge, a wedge angle is formed between the side surface of the wedge and the vertical direction, the wedge angle is a friction self-locking angle, the friction self-locking angle of the brake block 3 is 8 degrees, the inclination angle of the base is 10 degrees, and the width is 360 mm.
As shown in fig. 5, the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped groove 8 is inclined downward and inward at an angle with the horizontal direction so that the brake shoe 3 does not automatically slide out, and the inclined angle is greater than the angle of the self-locking angle of the wedge-shaped block, and the angle of the bottom of the wedge-shaped block is consistent with the angle of the bottom of the wedge-shaped groove 8 so that the wedge-shaped groove 8 is consistent with the angle of the brake shoe 3.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the frame 2 is a main body member of the pumping unit, and the frame 2 is made of H-shaped steel and is in a column shape, and both sides of the inner wall of the frame 2 form a cylindrical surface.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the friction plate 4 and the column surface on both sides of the inner wall of the frame 2 form a friction pair to brake.
As shown in fig. 3, the length of the friction plate 4 is 360mm, the width is 237mm, the thickness is 8mm, and the friction plate is formed by splicing four friction blocks, and the screw holes 12 distributed in a rectangular array are formed in the four friction blocks.
Meanwhile, besides the spring 7, which provides motive power to push the brake block 3 upward, an electric motor or an electromagnetic device can be used.
In addition, the protection device provided by the embodiment can be applied to belt type pumping units with various types of racks and can also be applied to various vertical pumping units.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of the protection device during normal operation, when the pumping unit is in normal operation or is stopped, the balance box 1 and the brake block 3 are in a static state as shown in the figure, and then the brake block 3 is seated on the wedge-shaped groove 8 of the balance box 1 under the action of gravity because the elastic force of the spring 7 is smaller than the weight of the brake block 3 at this time, so that the spring 7 is in a compressed state, and thus the friction plate 4 is not in contact with the frame 2, and further, no braking action is generated, and the balance box 1 can be ensured to be capable of moving up and down freely;
as shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic structural diagram of the protection device in the braking state, when the pumping unit is in a load-shedding condition, the balance box 1 loses upward tension and falls down at a gravitational acceleration under the action of gravity, at this time, the balance box 1 and the brake pad 3 are in a weightless state, the acting force of the brake pad 3 on the bottom surfaces of the wedge-shaped grooves 8 at the two sides of the balance box 1 disappears, so that the brake pad 3 slides upward along the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped groove 8 under the action of the elastic force of the spring 7, when the friction plate 4 contacts the column surface on the rack 2 to generate a friction force, the friction force drives the brake pad 3 to move upward (relative to the balance box 1) to generate a larger friction force, because the wedge angle at the upper part of the brake pad 3 is smaller than the self-locking angle, the balance box 1 does not push the brake pad 3 to move downward along the, until complete braking, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of personal injury safety accidents or equipment damage caused by free falling of the balance box due to the load interruption of the oil pumping unit.
Example two: as shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the braking plates 11 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the inner wall of the frame 2, and the height and width of the braking plates 11 are consistent with those of the frame 2, so that one sides of the friction plates 4 and the righting wheels 6 are in contact with the inner wall of the braking plates 11, a braking pair is formed by the friction plates 4 and the braking plates 11 to complete braking, and meanwhile, the strength of the frame 2 can be enhanced by installing the braking plates 11 on the frame 2.
The brake plate 11 in this embodiment can be replaced by a friction plate, and the embodiment can also be applied to other types of frames 2, such as a cylinder.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 6, which is a schematic structural diagram of the protection device during normal operation, when the pumping unit is in normal operation or is stopped, the balance box 1 and the brake block 3 are in a static state as shown in the figure, and then the brake block 3 is seated on the wedge-shaped groove 8 of the balance box 1 under the action of gravity because the elastic force of the spring 7 is smaller than the weight of the brake block 3 at this time, so that the spring 7 is in a compressed state, and thus the friction plate 4 is not in contact with the frame 2, and further, no braking action is generated, and the balance box 1 can be ensured to be capable of moving up and down freely;
as shown in fig. 8, which is a schematic structural diagram of the protection device in the braking state, when the pumping unit is in a load-shedding condition, the balance box 1 loses upward tension and falls down at a gravitational acceleration under the action of gravity, at this time, the balance box 1 and the brake block 3 are in a weightless state, the acting force of the brake block 3 on the bottom surfaces of the wedge-shaped grooves 8 at both sides of the balance box 1 disappears, so that the brake block 3 slides upward along the wedge-shaped surfaces of the wedge-shaped grooves 8 under the action of the elastic force of the springs 7, when the friction plate 4 contacts the brake plate 11 on the rack 2 to generate a friction force, the friction force drives the brake block 3 to move upward (relative to the balance box 1) to generate a larger friction force, because the wedge angle at the upper part of the brake block 3 is smaller than the self-locking angle, the balance box 1 does not push the brake block 3 to move, the larger the friction force is, the more the friction force is, the full braking is realized, so that the occurrence of personal injury safety accidents caused by the fact that the balance box falls freely and breaks down equipment due to the fact that the pumping unit is broken is effectively avoided.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911412268.5A CN110966322B (en) | 2019-12-31 | Belt-type oil pumping unit load-off safety protection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911412268.5A CN110966322B (en) | 2019-12-31 | Belt-type oil pumping unit load-off safety protection device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110966322A true CN110966322A (en) | 2020-04-07 |
| CN110966322B CN110966322B (en) | 2025-03-21 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112405558A (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2021-02-26 | 蒋杰 | Intelligent robot for block chain |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1888428A (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2007-01-03 | 张仰平 | Vertical oil pumping unit balancing mechanism fast braking device |
| KR20110130776A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2011-12-06 | 오티스 엘리베이터 컴파니 | Emergency stop of elevator |
| CN203066937U (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-07-17 | 河南思科石油环保设备有限公司 | Oil pumping machine with anti-falling mechanism |
| WO2015071188A1 (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-21 | Inventio Ag | Safety brake for an elevator |
| KR20160146302A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2016-12-21 | 주식회사 태성이앤지 | Apparatus for elevator emergency stop |
| CN211423220U (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-09-04 | 青岛瑞通测控技术有限公司 | Belt type oil pumping machine load-off safety protection device |
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1888428A (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2007-01-03 | 张仰平 | Vertical oil pumping unit balancing mechanism fast braking device |
| KR20110130776A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2011-12-06 | 오티스 엘리베이터 컴파니 | Emergency stop of elevator |
| CN203066937U (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-07-17 | 河南思科石油环保设备有限公司 | Oil pumping machine with anti-falling mechanism |
| WO2015071188A1 (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-21 | Inventio Ag | Safety brake for an elevator |
| KR20160146302A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2016-12-21 | 주식회사 태성이앤지 | Apparatus for elevator emergency stop |
| CN211423220U (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-09-04 | 青岛瑞通测控技术有限公司 | Belt type oil pumping machine load-off safety protection device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112405558A (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2021-02-26 | 蒋杰 | Intelligent robot for block chain |
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