CN110951991B - A kind of titanium-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of titanium-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110951991B CN110951991B CN201811121902.5A CN201811121902A CN110951991B CN 110951991 B CN110951991 B CN 110951991B CN 201811121902 A CN201811121902 A CN 201811121902A CN 110951991 B CN110951991 B CN 110951991B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000365 skull melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/20—Arc remelting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种钛基复合材料及其制备方法。该方法可以减少复合材料中杂质元素的含量，大幅度降低复合材料的成分不均匀性，降低高体积分数（增强相体积分数大于15%）钛基复合材料的熔炼难度。具体为：真空自耗电极电弧凝壳熔炼炉使用的钛基复合材料电极采用粉末冶金工艺方法制备。将制备钛基复合材料的原料利用罐磨机进行真空混料，再将混好的材料倒入预先制备好的金属包套进行真空焊接封装，并检查焊接后包套是否漏气。再将封装好的包套进行热等静压工艺处理。将热等静压后得到的电极锭利用机械加工和酸洗的方法去除金属包套，将多个制备好的电极锭焊接成为真空自耗电极电弧凝壳炉使用的电极，利用真空自耗电极电弧凝壳炉进行真空离心浇注铸件。The invention discloses a titanium-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. The method can reduce the content of impurity elements in the composite material, greatly reduce the compositional inhomogeneity of the composite material, and reduce the difficulty of smelting titanium-based composite materials with high volume fraction (the volume fraction of reinforcement phase is greater than 15%). Specifically: the titanium-based composite material electrode used in the vacuum consumable electrode arc condensing shell melting furnace is prepared by a powder metallurgy process. The raw materials for preparing titanium-based composite materials are mixed in vacuum by a tank mill, and then the mixed materials are poured into a pre-prepared metal sheath for vacuum welding and packaging, and the sheath is checked for air leakage after welding. The encapsulated envelope is then subjected to a hot isostatic pressing process. The electrode ingots obtained after hot isostatic pressing are machined and pickled to remove the metal sheath, and a plurality of prepared electrode ingots are welded into electrodes used in a vacuum consumable electrode arc condensing furnace. Electrode arc condensing furnace for vacuum centrifugal casting castings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation technology of a titanium-based composite material, in particular to a preparation process technology combining powder metallurgy and vacuum consumable electrode smelting.
Background
The titanium-based composite material is prepared by adopting hydraulic and other technologies, the sponge titanium particles in the material mixing process are large in size (generally larger than 1mm) and irregular in particle shape, the materials are difficult to be uniformly mixed in the material mixing process, the prepared master alloy ingot is serious in local reinforcement segregation, the melting is difficult, the remelting is needed for multiple times, and the segregation of components is solved. Meanwhile, a ceramic phase reinforcement is added into the titanium alloy, and with the increase of volume fraction of the reinforcement phase, the melting temperature of the titanium-based composite material is obviously increased, so that the melting difficulty is obviously increased, the melting cannot be performed or multiple remelting is required, and the cost is increased and the construction period is prolonged. The method for preparing the master alloy ingot by powder metallurgy is adopted to prepare the vacuum consumable electrode, the components are easy to control, and the composition segregation is avoided. The vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace can be directly used for casting, the cost is greatly reduced, and the construction period is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a titanium-based composite material, which has the advantages of low cost, short construction period, easy component control and no component segregation. Preparing a high volume fraction (more than 15%) titanium-based composite master alloy ingot by adopting a powder metallurgy process method, and smelting the high volume fraction (more than 15%) titanium-based composite and casting a casting by utilizing a vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace.
The raw materials for preparing the titanium-based composite material are mixed in vacuum by a tank mill, and then the mixed material is poured into a metal sheath prepared in advance for vacuum welding and packaging, and leakage detection is carried out. And performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the packaged sheath. Removing the metal sheath from the electrode ingots obtained after the hot isostatic pressing by using a machining and acid washing method, welding a plurality of prepared electrode ingots into electrodes used by a vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace, and carrying out vacuum centrifugal casting by using the vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a titanium-based composite material, characterized in that: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 5.5 to 6.8% of Al, 3.5 to 4.5% of V, 0 to 0.30% of Fe, 0 to 0.15% of Si, 0.5 to 1.5% of C, 2.5 to 6.7% of B, 0 to 0.05% of N, 0 to 0.015% of H, 0 to 0.12% of O, and the balance of Ti.
A preparation method of a titanium-based composite material adopts a powder metallurgy process to prepare a master alloy ingot, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) vacuum material mixing: mixing TC4 titanium alloy powder and B4Mixing the powder C, putting the mixture into a mixing tank, vacuumizing the mixing tank by using a molecular pump, setting the rotating speed of a tank mill and the mixing time,uniformly mixing the powder;
(2) powder filling: pouring the powder mixed in the step (1) into a metal sheath;
(3) sheathing and vacuum welding: pumping the vacuum degree of the metal sheath filled with the powder to 1 × 10 by using a molecular pump-2Sealing and welding the sheath by using a tungsten electrode argon arc welding machine below Pa, and detecting whether the sheath leaks gas by using a helium mass spectrometer;
(4) hot isostatic pressing metallurgical bonding: treating the metal sheath packaged in the step (3) through a hot isostatic pressing process to enable the metal sheath to be fully metallurgically bonded, so as to obtain an electrode ingot;
(5) removing the sheath: most of the metal sheath of the electrode ingot in the step (4) is processed and removed by a mechanical processing method, then the electrode ingot is soaked by acid liquor, and residual sheath materials are removed by corrosion, so that impurity elements are prevented from being mixed in the subsequent smelting process;
(6) preparing an electrode: welding the electrode ingot processed in the step (5) into an electrode used by a vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace;
(7) pouring the titanium-based composite material: melting the prepared consumable electrode by using a vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace, turning over a water-cooled copper crucible, pouring alloy liquid into a casting mold, and generating a TiB and TiC reinforcing phase in situ in the solidification process.
The TC4The particle diameter of the titanium alloy powder is 80-150 mu m, and B4The particle size of the C powder is 125-150 μm.
B in the step (1)4The addition amount of the C powder is TC4 titanium alloy powder and B42.5-6.7 wt% of C powder.
The vacuum mixing condition in the step (1) is that the vacuum degree is lower than 1 multiplied by 10-1Pa, the rotating speed is 60-100 r/min, and the mixing time is 30-60 min.
Preferably, the vacuum mixing conditions in the step (1) are 60r/min of rotating speed and 30min of mixing time.
The hot isostatic pressing condition of the step (4) is as follows: keeping the temperature of 910-930 ℃ under the argon pressure of 100-140 MPa, preserving the heat for 2-2.5 h, and cooling to below 300 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (5), the metal sheath is made of low-carbon steel, and the carbon content is lower than 0.25%.
The diameter of the electrode in the step (6) is 190 multiplied by 210mm, and the length of the electrode is 200-1500 mm.
And (3) the volume fraction of the enhanced phase in the step (7) is 15-35%.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the vacuum consumable electrode master alloy ingot prepared by adopting a powder metallurgy mode ensures the uniformity and stability of material components and greatly reduces the smelting difficulty of the high volume fraction titanium-based composite material.
2. By adopting a casting method combining a powder metallurgy process method and vacuum consumable electrode arc skull melting, the remelting frequency of the composite material is reduced to 1 time, the construction period is greatly shortened, and the cost is reduced.
3. Simple process and convenient operation.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the examples, and if one skilled in the art makes some insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present invention based on the above disclosure, the present invention still falls within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
TC4The powder raw material composition is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Element(s) | Ti | Al | V | Fe | C | N | H | O |
| Content (wt.) | Balance of | 6.28 | 4.14 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.0023 | 0.0039 | 0.090 |
Wherein, B4The purity of the C powder was 99.8%.
1) Vacuum material mixing: the total mass is 10kg TC4Powder (80-150 μm) and B4Uniformly mixing the C powder (125-150 mu m) according to the proportion and putting the mixture into a mixing tank, wherein the B powder4The addition of C powder is 2.5% of the total weight, and the mixing tank is vacuumized by molecular pump with vacuum degree controlled at 1 × 10-2Pa, then mixing the materials for 30min at the rotating speed of 60r/min by a tank mill;
2) powder filling: pouring the mixed powder into the metal sheath by using a vibrating table;
3) sheathing and welding: pumping the vacuum degree of the sheath filled with the powder to 1 × 10 by using a molecular pump-2Pa, sealing and welding the sheath by adopting a tungsten electrode argon arc welding machine;
4) and (3) leak detection: detecting whether the sheath leaks gas by using a helium mass spectrometer;
5) hot isostatic pressing: hot isostatic pressing the sheath, wherein the process parameters are that the temperature is kept at 920 +/-10 ℃ for 2.5h under the argon pressure of 140MPa, and the temperature is cooled to below 300 ℃ in a furnace;
6) removing the sheath: most of the sheath made of metal is machined by a machining method, and then the sheath is soaked in 10% nitric acid solution for 24 hours, and residual sheath material is removed by corrosion.
7) Preparing an electrode: manufacturing 2 master alloy ingots (the diameter is 190 multiplied by 210mm) by adopting 1-6 steps, and welding the 2 master alloy ingots into an electrode (the diameter is 190 multiplied by 400mm) used by a vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace;
8) pouring: after the alloy raw materials are melted, the alloy raw materials are poured into a casting mould to obtain a titanium-based composite material casting, and the volume fraction of the prepared material reinforcing phase is 15%.
9) The practical application is as follows: the valve casting is applied to strong acid ore powder slurry equipment, the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the casting are good, and the service life of the valve casting is longer than that of TC4The service life of the alloy casting is prolonged by 50 percent, and the economic benefit is obvious.
Example 2
TC4The powder raw material composition is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
| Element(s) | Ti | Al | V | Fe | C | N | H | O |
| Content (wt.) | Balance of | 6.24 | 4.20 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.0020 | 0.0030 | 0.080 |
B4The purity of C powder is 99.8%
1) Vacuum material mixing: mixing TC with a total mass of 10kg4Powder and B4Mixing the powder C and powder B4The addition of C powder is 3.8% of the total weight, the mixture is put into a mixing tank, a molecular pump is adopted to vacuumize the mixing tank, and the vacuum degree is controlled to be 0.5 multiplied by 10-2Mixing materials for 40min at the rotating speed of 80r/min by a tank mill below Pa;
2) powder filling: pouring the mixed powder into the metal sheath by using a vibrating table;
3) sheathing and welding: pumping the vacuum degree of the sheath filled with the powder to 1 × 10 by using a molecular pump-3Pa, sealing and welding the sheath by adopting an argon arc welding machine;
4) and (3) leak detection: detecting whether the sheath leaks gas by using a helium mass spectrometer;
5) hot isostatic pressing: hot isostatic pressing the sheath, wherein the process parameters are that the temperature is kept at 920 +/-10 ℃ for 2.3h under the argon pressure of 140MPa, and the temperature is cooled to below 300 ℃ in a furnace;
6) removing the sheath: most of the sheath of the low-carbon steel material is machined by a machining method, and then the sheath is soaked in a 20% nitric acid solution for 48 hours, and the residual sheath material is removed by corrosion.
7) Preparing an electrode: 1-6 steps are adopted to manufacture 3 master alloy ingots (the diameter is 190mm multiplied by 200mm), and 3 master alloys are welded into electrodes (the diameter is 190mm multiplied by 600mm) used by a vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace;
8) pouring: and after the alloy raw materials are melted, pouring metal liquid into the casting mould to obtain the impeller casting. The volume fraction of the reinforcing phase of the prepared material is 30 percent.
9) The practical application is as follows: the impeller casting is applied to strong acid ore powder slurry equipment, the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the casting are good, and the service life of the casting is longer than that of TC4The service life of the alloy casting is prolonged by 50 percent, and the economic benefit is obvious.
Example 3
TC4The powder raw material composition is shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
| Element(s) | Ti | Al | V | Fe | C | N | H | O |
| Content (wt.) | Balance of | 6.80 | 4.50 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.0020 | 0.0030 | 0.080 |
B4The purity of C powder is 99.8%
1) Vacuum material mixing: mixing TC with a total mass of 10kg4Powder and B4Mixing the powder C and powder B4The addition of C powder is 6.7% of the total weight, the mixture is put into a mixing tank, a molecular pump is adopted to vacuumize the mixing tank, and the vacuum degree is controlled to be 0.3 multiplied by 10-2Mixing materials for 60min at the rotating speed of 100r/min by a tank mill below Pa;
2) powder filling: pouring the mixed powder into the metal sheath by using a vibrating table;
3) sheathing and welding: pumping the vacuum degree of the sheath filled with the powder to 1 × 10 by using a molecular pump-3Pa, sealing and welding the sheath by adopting an argon arc welding machine;
4) and (3) leak detection: detecting whether the sheath leaks gas by using a helium mass spectrometer;
5) hot isostatic pressing: hot isostatic pressing the sheath, wherein the process parameters are that the temperature is kept at 920 +/-10 ℃ for 2.3h under the argon pressure of 140MPa, and the temperature is cooled to below 300 ℃ in a furnace;
6) removing the sheath: most of the sheath of the metal material is machined by a machining method, and then the sheath is soaked in a nitric acid solution with the concentration of 25% for 72 hours, and the residual sheath material is removed by corrosion.
7) Preparing an electrode: manufacturing 5 master alloy ingots (the diameter is 190mm multiplied by 200mm) by adopting 1-6 steps, and welding 3 master alloys into electrodes (the diameter is 190mm multiplied by 1000mm) used by a vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace;
8) pouring: and after the alloy raw materials are melted, pouring metal liquid into the casting mould to obtain the impeller casting. The volume fraction of the reinforcing phase of the prepared material is 35 percent.
9) The practical application is as follows: the pump body casting is applied to strong acid ore powder slurry equipment, the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the casting are good, and the service life of the pump body casting is longer than that of TC4The service life of the alloy casting is prolonged by 50 percent, and the economic benefit is obvious.
Claims (9)
1. A titanium-based composite material, characterized by: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 5.5 to 6.8 percent of Al, 3.5 to 4.5 percent of V, 0 to 0.30 percent of Fe, 0 to 0.15 percent of Si, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of C, 2.5 to 6.7 percent of B, 0 to 0.05 percent of N, 0 to 0.015 percent of H, 0 to 0.12 percent of O and the balance of Ti;
the preparation method of the titanium-based composite material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) vacuum material mixing: mixing TC4 titanium alloy powder and B4Mixing the powder C, putting the mixture into a mixing tank, vacuumizing the mixing tank by using a molecular pump, and setting the rotating speed of a tank mill and the mixing time to uniformly mix the powder; the particle size of the TC4 titanium alloy powder is 80-150 mu m, and B4The particle size of the C powder is 120-150 mu m;
(2) powder filling: pouring the powder mixed in the step (1) into a metal sheath;
(3) sheathing and vacuum welding: pumping the vacuum degree of the metal sheath filled with the powder to 1 × 10 by using a molecular pump-2Sealing and welding the sheath by using a tungsten electrode argon arc welding machine below Pa, and detecting whether the sheath leaks gas by using a helium mass spectrometer;
(4) hot isostatic pressing metallurgical bonding: treating the metal sheath packaged in the step (3) through a hot isostatic pressing process to enable the metal sheath to be fully metallurgically bonded, so as to obtain an electrode ingot;
(5) removing the sheath: most of the metal sheath of the electrode ingot in the step (4) is processed and removed by a mechanical processing method, then the electrode ingot is soaked by acid liquor, and residual sheath materials are removed by corrosion, so that impurity elements are prevented from being mixed in the subsequent smelting process;
(6) preparing an electrode: welding the electrode ingot processed in the step (5) into an electrode used by a vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace;
(7) pouring the titanium-based composite material: melting the prepared consumable electrode by using a vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace, turning over a water-cooled copper crucible, pouring alloy liquid into a casting mold, and generating a TiB and TiC reinforcing phase in situ in the solidification process.
2. A preparation method of a titanium-based composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) vacuum material mixing: mixing TC4 titanium alloy powder and B4Mixing the powder C, putting the mixture into a mixing tank, vacuumizing the mixing tank by using a molecular pump, and setting the rotating speed of a tank mill and the mixing time to uniformly mix the powder; the particle size of the TC4 titanium alloy powder is 80-150 mu m, and B4The particle size of the C powder is 120-150 mu m;
(2) powder filling: pouring the powder mixed in the step (1) into a metal sheath;
(3) sheathing and vacuum welding: pumping the vacuum degree of the metal sheath filled with the powder to 1 × 10 by using a molecular pump-2Sealing and welding the sheath by using a tungsten electrode argon arc welding machine below Pa, and detecting whether the sheath leaks gas by using a helium mass spectrometer;
(4) hot isostatic pressing metallurgical bonding: treating the metal sheath packaged in the step (3) through a hot isostatic pressing process to enable the metal sheath to be fully metallurgically bonded, so as to obtain an electrode ingot;
(5) removing the sheath: most of the metal sheath of the electrode ingot in the step (4) is processed and removed by a mechanical processing method, then the electrode ingot is soaked by acid liquor, and residual sheath materials are removed by corrosion, so that impurity elements are prevented from being mixed in the subsequent smelting process;
(6) preparing an electrode: welding the electrode ingot processed in the step (5) into an electrode used by a vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace;
(7) pouring the titanium-based composite material: melting the prepared consumable electrode by using a vacuum consumable electrode arc skull furnace, turning over a water-cooled copper crucible, pouring alloy liquid into a casting mold, and generating a TiB and TiC reinforcing phase in situ in the solidification process.
3. The method of preparing a titanium-based composite material according to claim 2, wherein: b in the step (1)4The addition amount of the C powder is TC4 titanium alloy powder and B42.5-6.7 wt% of the total weight of the C powder.
4. The method of preparing a titanium-based composite material according to claim 2, wherein: the vacuum mixing condition in the step (1) is that the vacuum degree is lower than 1 multiplied by 10-1Pa, the rotating speed is 60-100 r/min, and the mixing time is 30-60 min.
5. The method of preparing a titanium-based composite material according to claim 2, wherein: the vacuum mixing conditions in the step (1) are that the rotating speed is 60r/min, and the mixing time is 30 min.
6. The method of preparing a titanium-based composite material according to claim 2, wherein: the hot isostatic pressing condition of the step (4) is as follows: keeping the temperature of 910-930 ℃ under the argon pressure of 100-140 MPa, preserving the heat for 2-2.5 h, and cooling to below 300 ℃.
7. The method of preparing a titanium-based composite material according to claim 2, wherein: and (5) the metal sheath is made of low-carbon steel.
8. The method of preparing a titanium-based composite material according to claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the electrode in the step (6) is 190 multiplied by 210mm, and the length of the electrode is 200-1500 mm.
9. The method of preparing a titanium-based composite material according to claim 2, wherein: and (3) the volume fraction of the enhanced phase in the step (7) is 15-35%.
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