CN110946675A - 一种可控性绒毛支架 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可控性绒毛支架,包括:覆膜支架和绒毛;覆膜支架包括:支架本体,为网状管。覆膜,包覆于支架本体外部外周,与支架本体形成一两端敞口的腔体通道,作为血液流通通道。绒毛,为多根,均为细丝状,各绒毛的一端均固定连接于覆膜外壁,另一端朝向外侧;多根绒毛紧密排布,布满于覆膜外壁。可控性绒毛支架增加了支架与瘤颈之间的贴合度,阻止内漏的发生。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明属于医疗用品技术领域,尤其涉及一种可控性绒毛支架。
【背景技术】
腹主动脉瘤是由于腹主动脉管壁因动脉硬化、损伤或先天性因素使得血管壁失去弹性或变薄,在血流冲击下,薄弱血管逐渐向外膨出,进而形成动脉瘤,其危害主要包括:①动脉瘤破裂,发生急性出血,严重时危及生命;②动脉瘤压迫周围组织器官,引发相应症状;③动脉瘤内附壁血栓脱落导致远端肢体急性动脉栓塞。
腹主动脉瘤的治疗主要包括传统外科手术和血管腔内微创治疗,传统开腹手术存在创伤大、术后并发症多的缺点,腔内微创治疗具有创伤小、并发症少、安全性高、患者痛苦少等优势,逐渐成为治疗腹主动脉瘤的主要方法。通过将处于压缩状态的覆膜支架送达血管病变位置,准确定位后,将其释放,扩张后的覆膜支架覆盖病变血管,隔绝动脉瘤并形成新的血流通道,使血液无法进入动脉瘤,达到治疗目的。隔绝后的动脉瘤腔内形成血栓并逐渐萎缩。
腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术的难点之一在于瘤颈,瘤颈是指动脉瘤上缘与肾动脉之间的部分,目前国内外指南要求瘤颈长度在1.5cm以上,其原因是多数腹主动脉瘤患者存在动脉斑块或扭曲,覆膜支架与瘤颈重叠超过1.5cm,方可确保支架与瘤颈之间贴合完全,不发生内漏。一旦出现内漏,血液由支架与瘤颈之间进入动脉瘤瘤腔,则导致手术失败。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的是提供一种可控性绒毛支架,增加了支架与瘤颈之间的贴合度,阻止内漏的发生。
本发明采用以下技术方案:一种可控性绒毛支架,包括:覆膜支架和绒毛。
覆膜支架包括:支架本体,为网状管。
覆膜,包覆于支架本体外部外周,与支架本体形成一两端敞口的腔体通道,作为血液流通通道。
绒毛,为多根,均为细丝状,各绒毛的一端均固定连接于覆膜外壁,另一端朝向外侧;多根绒毛紧密排布,布满于覆膜外壁。
进一步地,还包括可拆卸的绒毛固定件。
进一步地,绒毛固定件为一套管,其形状与支架本体的形状相一致,套设于绒毛外;当去除绒毛固定件时,绒毛展开,用于与瘤颈及瘤腔内壁紧密接触。
进一步地,绒毛固定件为捆绑绳,缠绕固定于绒毛外;当去除绒毛固定件时,绒毛展开,用于与瘤颈及瘤腔内壁紧密接触。
进一步地,各绒毛的长度均为0.5~2cm。
进一步地,各绒毛选用聚酯或涤纶材质。
进一步地,由血液流动的方向,支架本体为上端大下端小的柱状,由大头端到小头端光滑收缩过渡;或者由上到下为人字形。
本发明还公开了一种可控性绒毛支架的使用方法,该使用方法如下:
步骤1.1.放置并定位可控性绒毛支架,其上端用于套设于瘤颈内,下端用于与髂动脉相连通;
步骤1.2.拆除套管或捆绑绳,绒毛展开,与内壁紧密接触。
本发明的有益效果是:1.绒毛会作为异物吸引血液中的血小板大量粘附并形成血栓,从而增加支架与瘤颈之间的贴合度,阻止内漏的发生。2.动脉瘤腔内的绒毛将有助于促进瘤腔内血栓形成。3.绒毛可以有效填补支架之间、支架与血管壁之间的空间。
【附图说明】
图1为可控性绒毛支的结构示意图;
图2为套设有一种形式的绒毛固定件的可控性绒毛支架的结构示意图;
图3为套设有另一种形式的绒毛固定件的可控性绒毛支架的结构示意图;
图4为人字形可控性绒毛支的结构示意图。
其中:1.覆膜支架,1-1.支架本体;1-2.覆膜;2.绒毛;3.绒毛固定件。
【具体实施方式】
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明中,“上端”指的为血液流入的一端;“下端”指的为血液流出的一端。“轴向”为沿覆膜支架的长度的方向。
实施例1
本实施例公开了一种可控性绒毛支架,如图1和2所示,包括:覆膜支架1包括:支架本体1-1,为网状管;覆膜1-2,包覆于支架本体1-1外部外周,与支架本体1形成一两端敞口的腔体通道,作为血液流通通道;绒毛2,为多根,均为细丝状,各绒毛2的一端均固定连接于覆膜1-2外壁,另一端朝向外侧;多根绒毛2紧密排布,布满于覆膜1-2外壁。在此时,绒毛2是处于正常的展开的状态,此时,该绒毛支架是一个完整结构的支架,主要是用于瘤颈长度在1.5cm以下的状态。
如果瘤颈在1.5cm以上,不需要设置绒毛时,可将绒毛固定,即设置可拆卸的绒毛固定件,绒毛固定件为一套管3,其形状与支架本体1-1的形状相一致,套设于绒毛2外;当绒毛支架与瘤颈内壁存在间隙时,去除绒毛固定件,绒毛2展开,与瘤颈内壁相接触。绒毛2的长度为0.5~2cm。选用高分子材料,如聚酯或涤纶材质。绒毛2的细度以能实现绒的状态为准,原则上越细效果越好。支架本体1-1为上端大下端小的柱状,由大头端到小头端光滑收缩过渡。或者由上到下为人字形,如图4所示。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于绒毛固定件为一捆绑绳4,缠绕固定于绒毛2外;当绒毛支架与瘤颈内壁存在间隙时,去除绒毛固定件,绒毛2展开,与瘤颈内壁相接触。捆绑绳4选用单根连续高强度尼龙线,用于固定绒毛2。当使用该可控性绒毛支架时,放置可控性绒毛支架,绒毛2处于被捆绑绳固定的状态,当可控性绒毛支架准确定位后,牵拉捆绑绳的一端,逆向绕开去除,在无外力作用下,如图3所示,绒毛2展开,填补支架与瘤颈间隙,促进血栓形成,使支架本体1和动脉间不出现内漏。
上述可控性绒毛支架的使用过程如下:
在压缩状态下,由输送装置将可控性绒毛支架由动脉血管内输送至动脉瘤病变部位,上端用于插入瘤颈内,下端哟用于插入双侧髂动脉中。覆膜支架的长度根据动脉瘤的长度定,覆膜支架在轴向上要跨过动脉瘤,例如,如果动脉瘤的轴向长度为10cm,则覆膜支架的长度就至少要选择12cm左右,以覆膜支架跨过动脉瘤,其上端放置于拟覆盖的病变部位的上端,即位于瘤颈内,下端位于拟覆盖的病变部位的下端,用于与髂动脉相连通。
当上述可控性绒毛支架当是没有设置绒毛固定件的状态时,此时,绒毛与瘤颈的内壁紧密接触。由于血液中存在大量血小板,而血小板具有粘附于异物并诱发血栓形成的功能,绒毛会导致支架与瘤颈,以及绒毛与动脉瘤的瘤壁之间形成血栓,从而增加了支架与瘤颈之间的贴合度,阻止内漏的发生。同时,位于瘤腔内的绒毛支架上的绒毛也可诱发瘤腔内更快形成血栓,以达到封闭并消除动脉瘤。
当上述可控性绒毛支架外设置有绒毛固定件时,如果瘤颈的长度大于1.5cm,则绒毛固定架可不用拆除。当需要拆除绒毛固定件时,经血管腔内将绒毛固定件取出。则绒毛2展开,其上端的绒毛与瘤颈的内壁紧密接触,位于瘤腔内的绒毛支架上的绒毛与瘤腔内壁紧密接触,血液中的大量血小板粘附于绒毛2上,并诱发血栓形成,同时绒毛2会导致支架与动脉瘤的瘤壁之间形成血栓,从而增加了支架与瘤颈之间的贴合度,阻止内漏的发生。
Claims (8)
1.一种可控性绒毛支架,其特征在于,包括:覆膜支架(1)和绒毛(3);
所述覆膜支架(1)包括:
支架本体(1-1),为网状管;
覆膜(1-2),包覆于所述支架本体(1-1)外部外周,与所述支架本体(1)形成一两端敞口的腔体通道,作为血液流通通道;
绒毛(2),为多根,均为细丝状,各所述绒毛(2)的一端均固定连接于所述覆膜(1-2)外壁,另一端朝向外侧;多根所述绒毛(2)紧密排布,布满于所述覆膜(1-2)外壁。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可控性绒毛支架,其特征在于,还包括可拆卸的绒毛固定件。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种可控性绒毛支架,其特征在于,所述绒毛固定件为一套管(3),其形状与所述支架本体(1-1)的形状相一致,套设于所述绒毛(2)外;当去除所述套管(3)时,所述绒毛(2)展开,用于与瘤颈及瘤腔内壁紧密接触。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种可控性绒毛支架,其特征在于,所述绒毛固定件为捆绑绳(4),缠绕固定于绒毛(2)外;当去除所述捆绑绳(4)时,所述绒毛(2)展开,用于与瘤颈及瘤腔内壁紧密接触。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种可控性绒毛支架,其特征在于,各所述绒毛(2)的长度均为0.5~2cm。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种可控性绒毛支架,其特征在于,各所述绒毛(2)选用聚酯或涤纶材质。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种可控性绒毛支架,其特征在于,由血液流动的方向,所述支架本体(1-1)为上端大下端小的柱状,由大头端到小头端光滑收缩过渡;或者由上到下为人字形。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的一种可控性绒毛支架的使用方法,其特征在于,该使用方法如下:
步骤1.1.放置并定位所述可控性绒毛支架,其上端用于套设于瘤颈内,下端用于与髂动脉相连通;
步骤1.2.拆除所述套管(3)或捆绑绳(4),所述绒毛(2)展开,用于与瘤颈及瘤腔内壁紧密接触。
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