CN110943725B - Transformer-based integrated weak light triggered gas switch circuit and working method thereof - Google Patents
Transformer-based integrated weak light triggered gas switch circuit and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110943725B CN110943725B CN201911239111.7A CN201911239111A CN110943725B CN 110943725 B CN110943725 B CN 110943725B CN 201911239111 A CN201911239111 A CN 201911239111A CN 110943725 B CN110943725 B CN 110943725B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
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Abstract
本发明公开了基于变压器的一体化弱光触发气体开关电路及其工作方法，电路包括气体开关、变压器、光导开关、分压电阻和触发电容；所述气体开关的高压极与分压电阻连接，气体开关的地电极接地，气体开关的触发极与变压器的副边连接；变压器原边的一个端子连接光导开关的一端，光导开关的另一端分别连接分压电阻和触发电容；变压器原边的另一个端子连接触发电容并接地。本发明可以采用微焦量级的低能量激光触发，触发控制与高电压实现光电隔离；使用光纤传输触发光能，省去了复杂的准直和对光等操作，易于控制触发时刻。本发明的触发回路直接从主回路或者气体开关电场中获取触发系统所需的电压和能量，无需外加充电电源。
The present invention discloses an integrated weak light triggered gas switch circuit based on a transformer and its working method. The circuit includes a gas switch, a transformer, a photoconductive switch, a voltage divider resistor and a trigger capacitor; the high voltage pole of the gas switch is connected to the voltage divider resistor, the ground electrode of the gas switch is grounded, and the trigger pole of the gas switch is connected to the secondary side of the transformer; one terminal of the primary side of the transformer is connected to one end of the photoconductive switch, and the other end of the photoconductive switch is respectively connected to the voltage divider resistor and the trigger capacitor; the other terminal of the primary side of the transformer is connected to the trigger capacitor and grounded. The present invention can adopt low-energy laser triggering of the microjoule level, and the trigger control is photoelectrically isolated from the high voltage; the use of optical fiber to transmit the trigger light energy eliminates the complicated operations such as collimation and light alignment, and is easy to control the trigger moment. The trigger circuit of the present invention directly obtains the voltage and energy required for the trigger system from the main circuit or the gas switch electric field, without the need for an external charging power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of switches and triggering thereof in pulse power technology, in particular to an integrated weak light triggering gas switching circuit based on a transformer and a working method thereof.
Background
A switch is one of the key components of a pulse power device, and its performance has a significant impact on the performance of the pulse power device. The gas switch is the most commonly used switch in a pulse power device, and the common triggering modes are electric pulse triggering and laser direct triggering. The advantages of the electric pulse triggering are that the circuit is simple, the cost is low, the size of the trigger pulse generator is large, the whole system volume and the control complexity are obviously increased when the multi-path gas switch is triggered, the multi-path output synchronism is relatively poor, the laser direct triggering has the advantages of good switch synchronism, the trigger control and the high voltage realize photoelectric isolation, and the like, the required trigger light energy is large, the trigger light source is large in size, and collimation, light adjustment and the like are required before the test.
The existing technology of adopting the gas switch triggered by the photoconductive switch has the advantages of photoelectric isolation, good synchronism and capability of being triggered by a high-power laser diode, but the output of the technology is lower in working voltage for triggering the gas switch, so that the amplitude of the output trigger pulse is lower, and the triggering reliability of the gas switch is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an integrated weak light trigger gas switching circuit based on a transformer and a working method thereof.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The integrated weak light trigger gas switch circuit based on the transformer comprises a gas switch, a transformer, a photoconductive switch, a voltage dividing resistor and a trigger capacitor;
The high-voltage electrode of the gas switch is connected with the voltage dividing resistor, the ground electrode of the gas switch is grounded, and the trigger electrode of the gas switch is connected with the secondary side of the transformer;
one terminal of the primary side of the transformer is connected with one end of the photoconductive switch, the other end of the photoconductive switch is respectively connected with the voltage dividing resistor and the trigger capacitor, and the other terminal of the primary side of the transformer is connected with the trigger capacitor and grounded.
The high-voltage pole and the voltage dividing resistor of the gas switch are connected with the positive pole of a main loop power supply, the negative pole of the main loop power supply is grounded, and the main loop power supply is connected with a main energy storage capacitor in parallel.
Preferably, the photoconductive switch operates in a nonlinear mode of operation.
Preferably, the photoconductive switch adopts a photoconductive switch with a trigger light energy of 1-100 mu J.
Preferably, the trigger light energy of the photoconductive switch is provided by a photoconductive trigger source which transmits light energy to the photoconductive switch via an optical fiber.
Preferably, the trigger electrode of the gas switch is connected with a resistor or a resistor-capacitor voltage dividing circuit, and the potential of the trigger electrode before triggering the gas switch is maintained through the external resistor voltage dividing circuit or the external resistor-capacitor voltage dividing circuit.
Preferably, the capacity of the main energy storage capacitor is 22nF, and the voltage dividing resistance is 20kΩ high-voltage glass glaze resistance.
Preferably, the trigger capacitor is a high voltage ceramic capacitor having a capacity of 3.3nF and withstand 15 kV.
Preferably, the photoconductive switch is a GaAs semi-insulating photoconductive switch having a length, width and height of 6mm×6mm×3mm placed in insulating oil.
The working method of the integrated weak light triggering gas switching circuit based on the transformer comprises the following steps:
Firstly, a main loop power supply charges a main energy storage capacitor, and in the charging process, the trigger capacitor forms an RC voltage division circuit through a voltage division resistor to charge simultaneously;
The light guide trigger source is controlled to transmit light energy to the light guide switch through the optical fiber, so that the light guide switch is in a conducting state, the trigger capacitor discharges to the primary side of the transformer, the secondary side of the transformer generates trigger pulses with the polarity opposite to that of the main gap voltage of the gas switch on the gas switch trigger electrode, and then the main gap of the gas switch is caused to conduct, and the integral weak light trigger gas switch based on the transformer is completed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The integrated weak light triggering gas switch circuit based on the transformer can adopt micro-focus low-energy laser triggering, trigger control and high voltage to realize photoelectric isolation, and uses optical fibers to transmit triggering light energy, so that complex collimation, light and other operations are omitted, the triggering time is easy to control, and the integrated weak light triggering gas switch circuit can be used for synchronous or asynchronous triggering of a large-scale gas switch.
2) According to the integrated weak light triggering gas switching circuit based on the transformer, the triggering circuit directly acquires the voltage and the energy required by the triggering system from the main circuit or the gas switching electric field, a charging power supply is not required to be additionally arranged, the light energy required by the triggering and activating of the conducting element is very small, the conducting element can be triggered to be conducted only by tens of micro-focus light energy, a laser diode can be used as a triggering light source, or a plurality of switches are triggered by one laser, so that the volume of the laser light source is greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated low-light-level triggering gas switch circuit based on a transformer in an embodiment of the invention;
In the figure, a 1-main loop power supply, a 2-main energy storage capacitor, a 3-gas switch, a 4-transformer, a 5-photoconductive switch, a 6-photoconductive triggering source, a 7-voltage dividing resistor and an 8-triggering capacitor are arranged.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured" and the like are to be construed broadly as including, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, and in communication between two elements or in an interaction relationship between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, if there is a first feature above or below a second feature, it may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, or it may include both the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact by another feature therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being above, over, and on the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. If present, the first feature is located directly below, beneath, and beneath the second feature, including both the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is level less than the second feature.
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
The prior art has the defect that the high-pressure gas switch 3 has two common triggering modes, namely electric pulse triggering and laser direct triggering. The volume of the electric pulse trigger source is larger, the system volume and the control complexity are obviously increased when the multi-path gas switch 3 is triggered, the multi-path output synchronism is relatively poor, the volume of the trigger light source directly triggered by laser is larger, the laser used for triggering adopts line-of-sight transmission, and the collimation, the light and other adjustment operations are needed before use. In the prior art of the gas switch 3 triggered by the photoconductive switch 5, the amplitude of the output trigger pulse is low, which results in the reduction of the triggering reliability of the gas switch 3.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing an integrated weak light triggering gas switch 3 based on a transformer 4, which adopts laser triggering, triggering control and high voltage to realize photoelectric isolation, adopts the transformer 4 to promote the triggering electric pulse of the gas switch 3, improves the triggering reliability of the gas switch 3, uses optical fibers to transmit triggering light energy, omits complex collimation, light and other operations, is easy to control the triggering moment, can be used for synchronous or asynchronous triggering of a large-scale gas switch 3, can directly acquire the voltage and energy required by a triggering system from a main loop or an electric field of the gas switch 3 by a triggering loop, does not need an external charging power supply, and can trigger the conduction element to conduct only by dozens of micro-focus light energy, thereby greatly reducing the volume of a light source.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the integrated weak light based on the transformer 4 triggers the gas switch 3 circuit, the gas switch 3, the transformer 4, the photoconductive switch 5, the voltage dividing resistor 7 and the trigger capacitor 8;
The high-voltage electrode of the gas switch 3 is connected with the voltage dividing resistor 7, the ground electrode of the gas switch 3 is grounded, and the trigger electrode of the gas switch 3 is connected with the secondary side of the transformer 4;
One terminal of the primary side of the transformer 4 is connected with one end of the photoconductive switch 5, the other end of the photoconductive switch 5 is respectively connected with the voltage dividing resistor 7 and the triggering capacitor 8, the triggering capacitor 8 and the voltage dividing resistor 7 form an RC voltage dividing circuit, the preset value of the triggering element is adjusted by adjusting the parameters of the component elements of the RC voltage dividing circuit, and the other terminal of the primary side of the transformer 4 is connected with the triggering capacitor 8 and grounded.
In the technical scheme, the photoconductive switch 5 and the transformer 4 are utilized to control the potential of the trigger electrode of the gas switch 3, namely, after the trigger capacitor 8 is charged to a preset voltage, the photoconductive switch 5 is conducted, so that the trigger capacitor 8 discharges the primary side of the transformer 4, the secondary side of the transformer 4 outputs trigger pulses with the polarity opposite to that of the voltage of the main gap of the gas switch 3, and the trigger pulses are fed into the trigger electrode of the gas switch 3, so that the main gap of the gas switch 3 is conducted.
Example two
In the embodiment, a high-voltage pole of the gas switch 3 and the voltage dividing resistor 7 are connected with the positive pole of a main loop power supply 1, the negative pole of the main loop power supply 1 is grounded, and the main loop power supply 1 is connected with a main energy storage capacitor 2 in parallel. The trigger capacitor 8 is connected with the gas switch 3 and the main loop power supply 1 through the voltage dividing resistor 7, the trigger loop can directly acquire the voltage and energy required by the trigger system from the main loop or the electric field of the gas switch 3, a charging power supply is not required to be additionally arranged for the trigger loop, and the volume of the switch system and the complexity of the circuit can be reduced.
The photoconductive switch 5 operates in a nonlinear operation mode. The photoconductive switch 5 is in a nonlinear working mode, and the required trigger light energy is only a few micro-joules to tens of micro-joules, so that the photoconductive switch 5 can be triggered to be conducted without a large-volume trigger light source. The photoconductive switch 5 is a photoconductive switch 5 with trigger light energy of 1-100 mu J. The triggering light energy of the photoconductive switch 5 shown may be 5 muj, 25 muj, 50 muj or 75 muj.
The triggering light energy of the photoconductive switch 5 is provided by a photoconductive triggering source 6, said photoconductive triggering source 6 delivering light energy to said photoconductive switch 5 via an optical fiber. When the voltage of the trigger capacitor 8 reaches a preset value, the photoconductive trigger source 6 activates the photoconductive switch 5 to enter a conducting state. The voltage of the trigger element (trigger capacitor 8) will change with time, and the maximum voltage that can be achieved by the trigger capacitor 8 can be changed by adjusting the parameters of the voltage dividing resistor 7 and the trigger capacitor 8, and when the trigger capacitor 8 reaches the set voltage, the light trigger source 6 will transmit light energy to the photoconductive switch 5 through the optical fiber, so as to control the photoconductive switch 5 to be turned on.
The photoconductive triggering light source can transmit light energy to one photoconductive switch 5 through one optical fiber to control the conduction of one photoconductive switch 5 so as to trigger one path of gas switch 3, and can also respectively transmit light energy to a plurality of photoconductive switches 5 through a plurality of optical fibers so as to respectively control the conduction of a plurality of photoconductive switches 5 so as to trigger a plurality of paths of gas switches 3.
The trigger electrode of the gas switch 3 is connected with a resistor or a resistor-capacitor voltage dividing circuit, and the potential of the trigger electrode before the gas switch 3 is triggered is kept through the external resistor voltage dividing circuit or the resistor-capacitor voltage dividing circuit.
Example III
In this embodiment, the main loop power supply 1 charges the main energy storage capacitor 2 with a capacity of 22nF to 50kV, the charging time is 30 μs, the self-breakdown voltage of the gas switch 3 connected in parallel with the main energy storage capacitor 2 is about 65kV, the voltage dividing resistor 7 is a high voltage glass glaze resistor with a capacity of 20kΩ, the triggering energy storage capacitor is a high voltage ceramic capacitor with a capacity of 3.3nF and a withstand voltage of 15kV, so that the voltage of the triggering energy storage capacitor is 8kV when 30 μs after the start of charging, the conducting element (photoconductive switch 5) is a GaAs semi-insulating photoconductive switch 5 with a length and width of 6mm×3mm placed in insulating oil, and the photoconductive triggering source 6 with an optical energy of only 50uJ irradiates the conducting element to be in a conducting state when 30 μs after the start of charging, so that the primary side of the transformer 4 is discharged by the triggering energy storage capacitor, the secondary side of the transformer 4 generates a triggering pulse with a polarity opposite to the main gap voltage of the gas switch 3, and the primary gas switch 3 is triggered to breakdown, thereby completing the triggering of the gas switch 3.
Example IV
The embodiment provides a working method of an integrated weak light trigger gas switch 3 circuit based on a transformer 4, firstly, a main loop power supply 1 charges a main energy storage capacitor 2, in the charging process, a trigger capacitor 8 forms an RC voltage division circuit through a voltage division resistor 7 to charge simultaneously, and the trigger capacitor 8 reaches a set voltage value when the main energy storage capacitor 2 is fully charged by selecting proper capacity of the trigger capacitor 8 and resistance of the voltage division resistor 7 (see the third embodiment);
At this time, the light-guiding trigger source 6 is controlled to transmit light energy to the light-guiding switch 5 through the optical fiber, so that the light-guiding switch 5 is in a conducting state, the trigger capacitor 8 discharges the primary side of the transformer 4, the secondary side of the transformer 4 generates trigger pulses with the polarity opposite to that of the voltage of the main gap of the gas switch 3 on the trigger electrode of the gas switch 3, and then the main gap of the gas switch 3 is caused to conduct, so that the integral weak light trigger gas switch 3 based on the transformer 4 is completed.
Since the method described in this embodiment is a method for implementing the integrated weak light trigger gas switch 3 circuit based on the transformer 4 in this embodiment, those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific implementation and various modifications of the method in this embodiment, so how the circuit in this embodiment is implemented will not be described in detail herein. As long as the person skilled in the art uses the apparatus for implementing the method according to the embodiments of the present invention, it is within the scope of protection of the present invention.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention. The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
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| CN113889845B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-05-13 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | High-reliability front-edge high-voltage pulse generator |
| CN115425523B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2023-07-21 | 西北核技术研究所 | A repetition rate gas switch triggered by weak laser energy and its realization method |
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| CN210899116U (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-06-30 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Integrated weak light trigger gas switch circuit based on transformer |
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| US8358142B2 (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2013-01-22 | Cypress Semiconductor Corporation | Methods and circuits for measuring mutual and self capacitance |
| US8344553B1 (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2013-01-01 | Sandia Corporation | High reliability low jitter pulse generator |
| US9985452B2 (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2018-05-29 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Apparatus for discharging a high-voltage bus |
| US10594135B2 (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2020-03-17 | Dialog Semiconductor (Uk) Limited | Compact, high performance, and robust RC triggered ESD clamp |
| CN108712164A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-10-26 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | A kind of integration dim light triggering gas switch |
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