CN110938758A - Manufacturing method of T61 state 6 series plate - Google Patents
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a T61 state 6 series plate, and relates to the field of manufacturing of aluminum alloy plates. The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the mechanical property of the existing 6082 alloy plate in the T61 state is low when the alloy plate is applied. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, weighing a metal ingot and an intermediate alloy according to the element content; secondly, smelting in a smelting furnace; thirdly, continuously casting in a crystallizer; fourthly, carrying out surface treatment on the cast ingot, and then carrying out heat treatment; fifthly, rolling; sixthly, cutting to length; seventhly, putting the steel plate into a roller hearth type quenching furnace for solution quenching; then straightening treatment and stretching treatment are carried out; and eighthly, performing aging treatment and then sawing. The 6082-T61 state alloy prepared by the invention has the mechanical property meeting the European EN 485 standard, fills the technical blank of producing 6082 alloy T61 state plates in China, ensures the flatness of the prepared plate after the straightening and stretching processes, and can be applied to actual production. The invention is used for preparing 6082 alloy in T61 state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of manufacturing of aluminum alloy plates.
Background
6082 is an Al-Mg-Si heat-treatable strengthened alloy, which has good formability, weldability, machinability and corrosion resistance, and also has moderate strength, and can still maintain good operability after annealing; the method is mainly used for mechanical structures, including bars, plates, pipes, profiles and the like. The method is suitable for the fields of manufacturing airplane landing pads, boats, building components, bicycles, automobile parts, optical instruments, rail vehicle aluminum materials and the like. At present, the supply state of 6082 alloy plates sold in the market is mainly in T6 and T651 states, 6082 alloy in a T61 state is rarely produced and sold, and the mechanical property of the 6082 alloy plates in the T61 state is still to be improved when the 6082 alloy plates in the T61 state are applied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a manufacturing method of a T61 state 6 series plate, aiming at solving the technical problem that the mechanical property of the existing 6082 alloy plate in the T61 state is low when the 6082 alloy plate is applied.
A manufacturing method of a T61 state 6 series plate comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the mass percentage of elements: 0.7 to 1.3 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, 0.4 to 1.0 percent of Mn, 0.6 to 1.2 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Ti and the balance of Al, and electrolytic copper, aluminum ingots, magnesium ingots, zinc ingots, aluminum-titanium intermediate alloys, aluminum-silicon intermediate alloys, aluminum-iron intermediate alloys, aluminum-chromium intermediate alloys and aluminum-manganese intermediate alloys are weighed;
secondly, putting the electrolytic copper, the aluminum ingot, the magnesium ingot, the zinc ingot, the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, the aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, the aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy which are weighed in the step one into a dry smelting furnace for smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 700-750 ℃ and the smelting time to be 5-7 hours, and obtaining an aluminum alloy solution;
pouring the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step two into a crystallizer, and casting by adopting a semi-continuous water cooling casting method, wherein the casting temperature is controlled to be 710-740 ℃, the casting speed is controlled to be 45-55 mm/min, the liquid level height is 80-90 mm, and the water flow is 170-200 t/h, so as to obtain an ingot;
fourthly, performing surface treatment on the cast ingot obtained in the third step, controlling the milling amount of the cast ingot to be 5-30 mm, and then performing saw cutting; then putting the mixture into a heating furnace for heat treatment, controlling the treatment temperature to be 540-560 ℃ and the time to be 6-7 h; cooling to 480-490 ℃, keeping for 3-4 h, cooling to 450-480 ℃, and discharging;
fifthly, rolling the cast ingot treated in the step four, setting the rolling temperature to be 440-470 ℃ and the rolling speed to be 1.2-2.0 m/s, and obtaining the aluminum alloy long plate;
sixthly, cutting the aluminum alloy long plate obtained in the fifth step to a fixed length to obtain a rough plate;
seventhly, putting the blank plate obtained in the step six into a roller hearth type quenching furnace for solid solution quenching treatment, wherein the solid solution process comprises the following steps: the temperature is set to be 540 ℃, the heating time is 15min to 55min, and then the temperature is kept for 10min to 25 min; setting the quenching transfer time to be 15-40 s when quenching treatment is carried out; then straightening treatment and stretching treatment are carried out;
eighthly, placing the rough plate processed in the step seven into an aging furnace for aging treatment, wherein the aging system is as follows: setting the heating constant temperature to be 140-150 ℃, placing a temperature measuring couple between the rough plates, keeping the temperature for 8-12 h when the measured low point temperature of the temperature measuring couple reaches 136-146 ℃, discharging, and then performing saw cutting to obtain a finished plate, thus completing the manufacturing method of the T61 state 6 series plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention designs a brand-new heat treatment process system aiming at the 6082 alloy with the thickness of 10 mm-50 mm, can practically produce the 6082-T61 state aluminum alloy plate meeting the European EN 485 standard, and fills the technical blank of producing the 6082 alloy T61 state plate in China.
The 6082-T61 state alloy prepared by the invention is compared with the performance value of 6082-T61 alloy in European EN 485-2:2008 standard; the tensile strength can exceed the standard by 30MPa to 35MPa, the yield strength can exceed the standard by 20MPa to 40MPa, and the elongation can exceed the standard by 7 percent to 13 percent; the performance index completely meets the standard requirement, and the flatness of the prepared plate can be ensured after the straightening and stretching processes, so that the method can be applied to actual production.
The invention is used for preparing 6082 alloy in T61 state.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, and includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the method for manufacturing the T61 state 6 series plate material of the present embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the mass percentage of elements: 0.7 to 1.3 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, 0.4 to 1.0 percent of Mn, 0.6 to 1.2 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Ti and the balance of Al, and electrolytic copper, aluminum ingots, magnesium ingots, zinc ingots, aluminum-titanium intermediate alloys, aluminum-silicon intermediate alloys, aluminum-iron intermediate alloys, aluminum-chromium intermediate alloys and aluminum-manganese intermediate alloys are weighed;
secondly, putting the electrolytic copper, the aluminum ingot, the magnesium ingot, the zinc ingot, the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, the aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, the aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy which are weighed in the step one into a dry smelting furnace for smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 700-750 ℃ and the smelting time to be 5-7 hours, and obtaining an aluminum alloy solution;
pouring the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step two into a crystallizer, and casting by adopting a semi-continuous water cooling casting method, wherein the casting temperature is controlled to be 710-740 ℃, the casting speed is controlled to be 45-55 mm/min, the liquid level height is 80-90 mm, and the water flow is 170-200 t/h, so as to obtain an ingot;
fourthly, performing surface treatment on the cast ingot obtained in the third step, controlling the milling amount of the cast ingot to be 5-30 mm, and then performing saw cutting; then putting the mixture into a heating furnace for heat treatment, controlling the treatment temperature to be 540-560 ℃ and the time to be 6-7 h; cooling to 480-490 ℃, keeping for 3-4 h, cooling to 450-480 ℃, and discharging;
fifthly, rolling the cast ingot treated in the step four, setting the rolling temperature to be 440-470 ℃ and the rolling speed to be 1.2-2.0 m/s, and obtaining the aluminum alloy long plate;
sixthly, cutting the aluminum alloy long plate obtained in the fifth step to a fixed length to obtain a rough plate;
seventhly, putting the blank plate obtained in the step six into a roller hearth type quenching furnace for solid solution quenching treatment, wherein the solid solution process comprises the following steps: the temperature is set to be 540 ℃, the heating time is 15min to 55min, and then the temperature is kept for 10min to 25 min; setting the quenching transfer time to be 15-40 s when quenching treatment is carried out; then straightening treatment and stretching treatment are carried out;
eighthly, placing the rough plate processed in the step seven into an aging furnace for aging treatment, wherein the aging system is as follows: setting the heating constant temperature to be 140-150 ℃, placing a temperature measuring couple between the rough plates, keeping the temperature for 8-12 h when the measured low point temperature of the temperature measuring couple reaches 136-146 ℃, discharging, and then performing saw cutting to obtain a finished plate, thus completing the manufacturing method of the T61 state 6 series plate.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: and in the second step, the smelting furnace is a reverberatory furnace or an intermediate frequency induction furnace. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: and in the second step, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 720-740 ℃, and the smelting time is 6 h. The other is the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: the thickness of the crystallizer in the third step is 520mm, and the width is 1120 mm. The others are the same as in one of the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: and in the casting in the third step, the requirement of casting cooling water is as follows: the hardness is less than 8dH, the pH value is 7-8, the water temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the suspended matter is less than 10mg/L, and the solid granularity is less than 1.5 mm. The other is the same as one of the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is: the heating furnace in the fourth step is a push type heating furnace or a trolley type heating furnace. The other is the same as one of the first to fifth embodiments.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: and in the sixth step, the length is cut to length by adopting heavy shearing of a rolling mill or light shearing of the rolling mill, and the shearing error is less than or equal to 100 mm. The other is the same as one of the first to sixth embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to seventh embodiments in that: and step seven, setting the quenching transfer time to be 20-30 s. The other is the same as one of the first to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment differs from the first to eighth embodiments in that: and controlling the stretching amount to be less than or equal to 1.5% during the stretching treatment in the seventh step. The rest is the same as the first to eighth embodiments.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to ninth embodiments in that: setting the heating constant temperature to 145 ℃, placing a temperature measuring couple between the blank plates, keeping the temperature for 10 hours when the low point temperature measured by the temperature measuring couple reaches 141 ℃, and discharging. The other is the same as one of the first to ninth embodiments.
The following examples were used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the method for manufacturing the T61 state 6 series plate in this embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the mass percentage of elements: 1.0% of Si, 0.1% of Fe, 0.01% of Cu, 0.8% of Mn, 0.9% of Mg, 0.05% of Cr, 0.20% of Zn, 0.05% of Ti and the balance of Al, and weighing electrolytic copper, an aluminum ingot, a magnesium ingot, a zinc ingot, an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, an aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, an aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, an aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy and an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy;
secondly, putting the electrolytic copper, the aluminum ingot, the magnesium ingot, the zinc ingot, the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, the aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, the aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy which are weighed in the step one into a dry smelting furnace for smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 740 ℃ and the smelting time to be 6 hours, and obtaining an aluminum alloy melt;
pouring the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step two into a crystallizer, and casting by adopting a semi-continuous water-cooling casting method, wherein the casting temperature is controlled to be 720 ℃, the casting speed is 50mm/min, the liquid level height is 90mm, and the water flow is 190t/h, so as to obtain an ingot; the size of the cast ingot is 520mm multiplied by 1120 mm;
fourthly, performing surface treatment on the cast ingot obtained in the third step, controlling the milling amount of the cast ingot to be 25mm, and then performing saw cutting; then placing the mixture into a heating furnace for heat treatment, controlling the treatment temperature to be 550 ℃ and the time to be 6 hours; cooling to 490 deg.C, maintaining for 4h, cooling to 450 deg.C, and discharging;
fifthly, rolling the cast ingot treated in the step four, setting the rolling temperature to 460 ℃ and the rolling speed to 1.5m/s, and obtaining the aluminum alloy long plate;
sixthly, cutting the aluminum alloy blank long plate obtained in the fifth step to a fixed length to obtain a blank plate;
seventhly, putting the blank plate obtained in the step six into a roller hearth type quenching furnace for solid solution quenching treatment, wherein the solid solution process comprises the following steps: setting the temperature to be 540 ℃, heating for 30min, and then keeping the temperature for 15 min; setting the quenching transfer time to be 20s when quenching treatment is carried out; then straightening treatment and stretching treatment are carried out;
eighthly, placing the rough plate processed in the step seven into an aging furnace for aging treatment, wherein the aging system is as follows: setting the heating constant temperature to 145 ℃, placing a temperature measuring couple between the rough plates, keeping the temperature for 10h when the low point temperature measured by the temperature measuring couple reaches 141 ℃, discharging, and then sawing to obtain a finished plate, thereby completing the manufacturing method of the T61 state 6 series plate.
The smelting furnace in the second step is a reverberatory furnace;
the thickness of the crystallizer in the third step is 520mm, and the width is 1120 mm;
and in the casting in the third step, the requirement of casting cooling water is as follows: the hardness is less than 8dH, the pH value is 7-8, the water temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the suspended matter is less than 10mg/L, and the solid granularity is less than 1.5 mm;
the heating furnace in the fourth step is a push type heating furnace;
in the sixth step, a rolling mill is adopted for carrying out light shearing to length and length, and the shearing error is less than or equal to 100 mm;
in the seventh step, the quenching medium is deionized water; when stretching, the stretching amount is controlled to be less than or equal to 1.5 percent.
The 6-series plate prepared in this example was subjected to a performance test, and the test data table is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The 6-series plate prepared in this example was a 6082 alloy in a T61 state. The 6-series plate is tested to be 10-50 mm thick, and compared with the performance index of 6082-T61 in European EN 485-2:2008 standard, the tensile strength of the 6-series plate can exceed the standard by 30-35 MPa, the yield strength of the 6-series plate can exceed the standard by 20-40 MPa, and the elongation of the 6-series plate can exceed the standard by 7-13%; the performance index meets the requirements of the aluminum alloy plate in the 6082-T61 state.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing method of a T61 state 6 series plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, according to the mass percentage of elements: 0.7 to 1.3 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Cu, 0.4 to 1.0 percent of Mn, 0.6 to 1.2 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Ti and the balance of Al, and electrolytic copper, aluminum ingots, magnesium ingots, zinc ingots, aluminum-titanium intermediate alloys, aluminum-silicon intermediate alloys, aluminum-iron intermediate alloys, aluminum-chromium intermediate alloys and aluminum-manganese intermediate alloys are weighed;
secondly, putting the electrolytic copper, the aluminum ingot, the magnesium ingot, the zinc ingot, the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, the aluminum-silicon intermediate alloy, the aluminum-iron intermediate alloy, the aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy which are weighed in the step one into a dry smelting furnace for smelting, controlling the smelting temperature to be 700-750 ℃ and the smelting time to be 5-7 hours, and obtaining an aluminum alloy solution;
pouring the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step two into a crystallizer, and casting by adopting a semi-continuous water cooling casting method, wherein the casting temperature is controlled to be 710-740 ℃, the casting speed is controlled to be 45-55 mm/min, the liquid level height is 80-90 mm, and the water flow is 170-200 t/h, so as to obtain an ingot;
fourthly, performing surface treatment on the cast ingot obtained in the third step, controlling the milling amount of the cast ingot to be 5-30 mm, and then performing saw cutting; then putting the mixture into a heating furnace for heat treatment, controlling the treatment temperature to be 540-560 ℃ and the time to be 6-7 h; cooling to 480-490 ℃, keeping for 3-4 h, cooling to 450-480 ℃, and discharging;
fifthly, rolling the cast ingot treated in the step four, setting the rolling temperature to be 440-470 ℃ and the rolling speed to be 1.2-2.0 m/s, and obtaining the aluminum alloy long plate;
sixthly, cutting the aluminum alloy long plate obtained in the fifth step to a fixed length to obtain a rough plate;
seventhly, putting the blank plate obtained in the step six into a roller hearth type quenching furnace for solid solution quenching treatment, wherein the solid solution process comprises the following steps: the temperature is set to be 540 ℃, the heating time is 15min to 55min, and then the temperature is kept for 10min to 25 min; setting the quenching transfer time to be 15-40 s when quenching treatment is carried out; then straightening treatment and stretching treatment are carried out;
eighthly, placing the rough plate processed in the step seven into an aging furnace for aging treatment, wherein the aging system is as follows: setting the heating constant temperature to be 140-150 ℃, placing a temperature measuring couple between the rough plates, keeping the temperature for 8-12 h when the measured low point temperature of the temperature measuring couple reaches 136-146 ℃, discharging, and then performing saw cutting to obtain a finished plate, thus completing the manufacturing method of the T61 state 6 series plate.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the melting furnace in the second step is a reverberatory furnace or an induction furnace.
3. The method for manufacturing the T61 status 6 series plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the melting temperature in the second step is controlled to be 720-740 ℃, and the melting time is 6 h.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the mold in step three has a thickness of 520mm and a width of 1120 mm.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the requirement of cooling water in casting in the third step is as follows: the hardness is less than 8dH, the pH value is 7-8, the water temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, the suspended matter is less than 10mg/L, and the solid granularity is less than 1.5 mm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the furnace in step four is a pusher furnace or a car furnace.
7. The method for manufacturing the T61 state 6 series plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the plate is cut to length by heavy shearing with a rolling mill or light shearing with a rolling mill in the sixth step, and the shearing error is less than or equal to 100 mm.
8. The method for manufacturing a T61 state 6 series plate according to claim 1, wherein the quenching transfer time in step seven is set to 20-30 s.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stretching amount is controlled to be 1.5% or less during the stretching process in the seventh step.
10. The method for manufacturing the T61 status 6-series sheet according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature is set to 145 ℃ in the eighth step, a thermocouple is placed between the rough sheets, and when the low point temperature measured by the thermocouple reaches 141 ℃, the sheet is kept warm for 10 hours and taken out of the furnace.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112795826A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-14 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | 7B04-T7451 aluminum alloy plate and preparation method thereof |
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