CN110911768B - Novel battery management system - Google Patents
Novel battery management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110911768B CN110911768B CN201911251224.9A CN201911251224A CN110911768B CN 110911768 B CN110911768 B CN 110911768B CN 201911251224 A CN201911251224 A CN 201911251224A CN 110911768 B CN110911768 B CN 110911768B
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- relay
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- battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel battery management system, which comprises a battery pack: the battery comprises a plurality of groups of battery cells connected in series and a plurality of relays respectively used for controlling the battery cells of each group to work; the main board is electrically connected with the battery pack and is used for controlling the relay switches of the battery pack; the plurality of slave plates are respectively connected in parallel with the battery pack and are in communication connection with the main board, the plurality of slave plates respectively collect the voltages of the plurality of groups of battery cells and transmit the voltages to the main board, and the main board determines the fault diagnosis of the battery pack according to the received voltage values and the state of the main contact of the relay. The battery management system is characterized by redundancy, high availability, high precision, high reliability and low cost, and can effectively solve the problems of poor high-voltage acquisition precision, poor reliability, single failure, high cost and the like of the battery management system in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery management control, in particular to a novel battery management system.
Background
With the release of IEC61508, ISO26262, EN50128, GB/T34590 and other standards related to functional safety, various industries have strict requirements on functions related to personal safety, the industrial control industry evaluation standard is SIL grade, the automobile industry evaluation standard is ASIL, and the various industries have requirements on diversity and redundancy on the functions related to personal safety.
The high voltage range of the battery pack, especially the battery pack for vehicles, is between 300V and 750V, and the high voltage is enough to cause harm to personal safety, so that the harm of electric shock of people must be avoided. The battery management system is used as the brain of the battery system to predict risks in advance, so that the battery management system can accurately and reliably complete high-voltage acquisition and relay diagnosis and is a necessary measure for avoiding harm. At present, the high-voltage acquisition work of the battery pack in the industry is finished by a battery management system mainboard, and the problems of poor precision, poor reliability, single failure, high cost and the like exist.
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a battery management system with good collection accuracy and higher reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a novel battery management system, including:
a battery pack: comprises N groups of battery modules connected in series;
the N slave plates are arranged corresponding to the N groups of battery modules, are respectively connected in parallel to the N groups of battery modules and are in communication connection with the mainboard;
the relay array is electrically connected with the main board and the battery pack and is respectively electrically connected with the first slave board and the Nth slave board;
the main board is electrically connected with the relay array and is used for controlling a relay switch of the relay array;
a relay array: the inverter comprises a positive relay and a negative relay, wherein one end of the positive relay and one end of the negative relay are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery pack, and the other ends of the positive relay and the negative relay are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the inverter;
the main board is electrically connected with the relay array and is used for controlling the on and off of each relay of the relay array;
the slave plate is electrically connected with the relay array and is used for collecting the voltage between the positive battery pack and the negative battery pack, between the positive inverter and the negative battery pack and between the negative inverter and the negative battery pack;
and the 1 st slave plate and the Nth slave plate redundantly complete the state diagnosis of the main contacts of the positive relay, the negative relay and the pre-charging relay of the relay array.
In the scheme, the positive electrode of the battery pack and the negative electrode of the battery pack are simultaneously connected with the first slave plate and the Nth slave plate;
and the positive pole and the negative pole of the inverter are simultaneously connected with the first slave plate and the Nth slave plate.
In the above scheme, the positive relay is connected in parallel with the pre-charging relay and the pre-charging resistor which are connected in series.
In the scheme, the main board comprises a first main isolation communication module, a second main isolation communication module and a relay driving module which are connected with the processor module, wherein the relay driving module is connected with each relay in the relay array;
each of the N slave plates comprises an input voltage division module, a filtering module, an overvoltage protection module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a first slave isolation communication module and a second slave isolation communication module; a first slave isolation communication module of two adjacent slave plates is connected with a second slave isolation communication module, a second slave isolation communication module of a first slave plate is connected with a first master isolation communication module, and a first slave isolation communication module of an Nth slave plate is connected with a second master isolation communication module;
the positive pole of the battery pack, the negative pole of the battery pack, the positive pole of the inverter and the negative pole of the inverter are simultaneously connected to the input voltage division module adapting ports of the first slave board and the Nth slave board.
In the above scheme, each of the N slave boards further includes a filtering module and an overvoltage protection module connected between the input voltage dividing module and the analog-to-digital conversion module.
In the above scheme, the input voltage division module is formed by connecting a plurality of resistors in series to form a voltage division network.
In the above scheme, the slave isolation communication module and the master isolation communication module are one of a transformer isolation device, a capacitance isolation device or a photoelectric isolation device.
In the above scheme, the relay driving module is one or more of a MOSFET, a high-side driving switch, a bottom-side driving switch, or a relay.
In the above scheme, the filtering module is an RC type, PI type or LC type filter.
In the above scheme, the overvoltage protection module comprises a clamping protection circuit composed of a transient suppression diode, a zener diode and a rectifier diode.
The invention provides a battery management system which is characterized by redundancy, high availability, high precision, high reliability and low cost, and can effectively solve the problems of poor high-voltage acquisition precision, poor reliability, single failure, high cost and the like of the battery management system in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the circuit of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the battery pack 3 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a data flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The battery management system provided by the invention has the characteristics of redundancy, high availability, high precision, high reliability and low cost, and can effectively solve the problems of poor high-voltage acquisition precision, poor reliability, single failure, high cost and the like of the battery management system in the prior art. The invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a novel battery management system, comprising:
a battery pack 3, as shown in fig. 2, the battery pack 3 includes N sets of battery modules connected in series; each battery module can set up a plurality of electric cores according to the demand.
The relay array 4 is electrically connected with the main board 1 and the battery pack 3, and the relay array 4 is electrically connected with the first slave board 2 and the Nth slave board 2 respectively;
the mainboard 1 is electrically connected with the relay array 4 and is used for controlling the relay switch of the relay 4;
the relay array 4 comprises a positive relay and a negative relay, one end of the positive relay and one end of the negative relay are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery pack, and the other ends of the positive relay and the negative relay are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the inverter;
the positive pole of the battery pack and the negative pole of the battery pack are simultaneously connected with the first slave plate 2 and the Nth slave plate 2;
the positive pole and the negative pole of the inverter are simultaneously connected with the first slave plate 2 and the Nth slave plate 2;
in this embodiment, the positive relay is connected in parallel with the pre-charge relay and the pre-charge resistor which are connected in series;
the first slave plate 2 and the Nth slave plate 2 respectively acquire voltage values between the positive side of the battery pack and the negative side of the battery pack, between the positive side of the inverter and the negative side of the battery pack and between the negative side of the inverter and the negative side of the battery pack and transmit the voltage values to the main plate 1, and the main plate 1 determines the state diagnosis of main contacts of a positive relay, a negative relay and a pre-charging relay in the relay array 4 according to the received voltage values and the level of a relay driving module; compare in the current group battery high pressure collection work of directly accomplishing battery management system through the mainboard, damage and set up a plurality of buffer circuit for avoiding the mainboard because of the high pressure, the embodiment is direct to accomplish the voltage of gathering the inter-group of battery through the slave plate, has reduced the high input cost of buffer circuit, and the reliability is high.
In this embodiment, the main board 1 includes a first main isolation communication module, a second main isolation communication module and a relay driving module which are connected with the processor module, and the relay driving module is connected with the relay adapter of the relay array.
Each of the N slave plates 2 comprises an input voltage division module, a filtering module, an overvoltage protection module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a first slave isolation communication module and a second slave isolation communication module; as shown in fig. 3, a first slave isolated communication module of each of the two adjacent slave boards 2 is connected to a second slave isolated communication module, a second slave isolated communication module of the first slave board 2 is connected to a first master isolated communication module, and a first slave isolated communication module of the nth slave board 2 is connected to a second master isolated communication module; the arrangement of the structure is that the battery system is a high-voltage part, the voltage can reach 1200Vdc at most, so the insulation problem between high voltage and low voltage cannot be introduced in the design level, the solution is that isolation communication is adopted between a master and a slave, isolation communication is adopted between a slave plate and a slave plate to obtain the monomer voltage and temperature information, and the voltage of at least one module is different between the slave plate and the slave plate, so the communication interface part also needs to be isolated. The communication mode between the master board and the slave board is similar to that of a shift register, when the command is sent, the command sent from the master board to the slave board is shifted to the slave board one by one through a clock signal, and when the command is read, the slave board returns to the master board one by one according to a communication clock signal.
For example, define N slave boards 2 as BiI is 1 … … n; that is B1And BnThe slave isolation communication module in the system is connected with the master isolation communication module to realize signal transmission in communication connection with the master board or the adjacent slave boards.
The main board 1 completes communication through the main isolation communication module and the 1 st slave board isolation communication module until the nth slave board isolation communication module completes communication; the main board 1 is isolated from the communication module through the main isolation communication module and the nth slave board until the 1 st slave board isolation communication module completes communication; the two communication paths constitute redundant communication.
In the embodiment, the 1 st slave board 2 and the nth slave board 2 redundantly acquire the voltages between the positive battery pack and the negative battery pack, between the positive inverter and the negative battery pack, and between the negative inverter and the negative battery pack.
And the 1 st slave plate 2 and the Nth slave plate 2 redundantly complete the state diagnosis of the main contact of the positive relay, the negative relay and the pre-charging relay of the relay array 4.
And the processor module performs logic operation according to the current level state of the relay driving module and the received multiple groups of voltages to finish the diagnosis of the state of the main contact of the high-voltage relay.
In this embodiment, each of the N slave boards 2 further includes a filtering module and an overvoltage protection module sequentially connected between the input voltage dividing module and the analog-to-digital conversion module;
the first slave board 2 and the Nth slave board 2 are input into the voltage division module and are electrically connected with the relay array at the same time, and the specific connection mode is as follows: the positive pole of the battery pack, the negative pole of the battery pack, the positive pole of the inverter and the negative pole of the inverter in the relay array are simultaneously connected to the input voltage division module adaptation ports of the first slave board 2 and the Nth slave board 2.
In the embodiment, the input voltage division module is formed by connecting a plurality of resistors in series to form a voltage division network; its advantages are low cost, less temp drift and high reliability.
The slave isolation communication module and the master isolation communication module are transformer isolation devices, capacitance isolation devices or photoelectric isolation devices; its advantages are high isolation and voltage resistance, and high resistance to common-mode interference.
The IO driving module is one or more of MOSFET, high-side driving switch, bottom-side driving switch or relay
The filtering module is an RC type, PI type or LC type filter;
the overvoltage protection module forms a clamping protection circuit by a transient suppression diode, a Zener diode and a rectifier diode; the typical model is 1N 4625.
The processor module is composed of a digital signal processor or a programmable logic device;
the analog conversion module is composed of a battery management system acquisition chip.
In this embodiment, the input voltage division modules of the first slave board 2 and the nth slave board 2 are used for converting the high voltages of the slave boards into low voltage signals, and the low voltage signals are filtered by the filtering module to remove common mode/differential mode interference from the vehicle; the output of the filtering module is connected with an overvoltage protection module, and the overvoltage protection module carries out clamping protection on a signal from the filtering module so as to avoid damaging the analog-digital conversion module; the analog-to-digital conversion module converts the input voltage signal into a digital signal which can be identified by the processor; the analog-to-digital conversion module performs data interaction with adjacent nodes through the slave isolation communication module, and the adjacent nodes are slave plates or master plates; the slave isolation communication module realizes the electrical isolation of high voltage and low voltage; the mainboard obtains digital quantity output by the analog-digital conversion module through the mainboard communication isolation module, calculates the high-voltage numerical value according to the voltage division ratio of the analog-digital conversion module reference source and the input voltage division module, and performs logic operation according to the output control signal of the high-voltage numerical value to finish the state diagnosis of the relay main contact; thus, the high-voltage acquisition and the relay state diagnosis are completed.
In this embodiment:
1) n slave plates 2 for respectively or simultaneously acquiring high voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery pack of the relay array 4, between the positive electrode of the inverter and the negative electrode of the battery pack and between the negative electrode of the inverter and the negative electrode of the battery pack;
2) the main board 1 is communicated with the N slave boards 2 respectively or simultaneously through the main isolation communication module to obtain high voltage values between the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery pack of the relay array 4, between the positive pole of the inverter and the negative pole of the battery pack and between the negative pole of the inverter and the negative pole of the battery pack;
3) the main board 1 outputs a level state according to the relay driving module, and the high voltage value is subjected to mathematical logic operation to obtain a relay main contact state.
The invention is illustrated by the following specific examples:
case one:
in this case, voltages between the positive electrode of the battery pack and the negative electrode of the battery pack, between the positive electrode of the inverter and the negative electrode of the battery pack, and between the negative electrode of the inverter and the negative electrode of the battery pack are 380V/375V/0V, a voltage division ratio of each slave board 2 input to the voltage division module is 100:1, an input voltage range of the analog-to-digital conversion module is 0-5V, a bit number of the analog-to-digital conversion module is 16 bits, a reference voltage of the analog-to-digital conversion module is 5V, and the relay driving module of the master board 1 sets a main contact state of the total positive relay to be open and sets.
The positive pole of the battery pack is respectively reduced to 3.8V, 3.75V and 0V relative to the negative pole of the battery pack, the positive pole of the inverter is relative to the negative pole of the inverter, the negative pole of the inverter is relative to the negative pole of the battery pack through the input voltage division module, the voltage is input to the analog-digital conversion module through the filtering module and the overvoltage protection module, the analog-digital conversion module converts the 3.8V, 3.75V and 0V into 1100001010001111, 1100000000000000 and 000000000000, the binary data are sent to the processor module of the mainboard 1 from the isolation communication module, the processor module of the mainboard 1 respectively obtains the voltages of the positive phase of the battery pack to the negative pole of the battery pack, the positive phase of the inverter to the negative pole of the battery pack and the negative phase of the inverter to the negative pole of the battery pack to 380V/375V/0V according to the analog-digital conversion digit, reference source and input voltage division, however, the difference value of the voltages before and after the main contact of the positive relay is very small, the adhesion fault alarm of the main contact of the positive relay is obtained, and therefore the high-voltage acquisition of the relay array 4 and the state diagnosis of the main contact of the relay are completed.
Case two:
in this case, the positive electrode of the battery pack is 380V/0V/0V relative to the negative electrode of the battery pack, the positive electrode of the inverter is 380V relative to the negative electrode of the battery pack, and the negative electrode of the inverter is 380V/0V/0V relative to the negative electrode of the battery pack. The voltage division ratio of the input voltage division module is 100:1, the input voltage range of the analog-digital conversion module is 0-5V, the digit of the analog-digital conversion module is 16 digits, the reference voltage of the analog-digital conversion module is 5V, the relay driving module of the mainboard 1 sets the main contact state of the positive relay to be open and sets the main contact state of the negative relay to be closed.
The positive pole of the battery pack is opposite to the negative pole of the battery pack, the positive pole of the inverter is opposite to the negative pole of the battery pack, the negative pole of the inverter is opposite to the negative pole of the battery pack, the voltage of the inverter is opposite to the main contact state of the positive relay and is open circuit according to the main contact state set by the processor of the main board 1, the main board 1 is connected with the relay driving module, the voltage of the battery pack is negative, the inverter is positive to the inverter negative and the inverter negative to the battery pack negative through the voltage division module, the voltage of the inverter positive to the inverter is equal to 380V/0V/0V/0V, and obtaining the open circuit conclusion of the main contact of the positive relay by the very large voltage difference between the front and the rear of the main contact of the positive relay. Thus, the high-voltage acquisition of the relay array 4 and the state diagnosis of the main contact of the relay are completed.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any structural changes made under the teaching of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention, which has the same or similar technical solutions as the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| CN201911251224.9A CN110911768B (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Novel battery management system |
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| CN113511104B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2025-05-06 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery fault monitoring and management system and method |
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| CN207925612U (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-09-28 | 宁波吉利汽车研究开发有限公司 | A kind of distributed battery management system |
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| CN105990868A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2016-10-05 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Cell management system used in electricity changing energy storage system |
| CN205615448U (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-05 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Distributed battery management system |
| CN207225102U (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-04-13 | 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 | Series-connected cell distribution type active nondissipative equalization circuit, battery pack and automobile |
| CN108482157A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-04 | 江西优特汽车技术有限公司 | A kind of power battery equalization circuit and equalization methods |
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