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CN110893101A - Auxiliary device for correct positioning of the patient in X-ray chest photography - Google Patents

Auxiliary device for correct positioning of the patient in X-ray chest photography Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110893101A
CN110893101A CN201911118154.XA CN201911118154A CN110893101A CN 110893101 A CN110893101 A CN 110893101A CN 201911118154 A CN201911118154 A CN 201911118154A CN 110893101 A CN110893101 A CN 110893101A
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handle
fence
support
auxiliary device
bracket
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王恺
刘玲
王继刚
邢志珩
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TIANJIN HAIHE HOSPITAL
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TIANJIN HAIHE HOSPITAL
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/04Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like
    • A61B6/0492Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like using markers or indicia for aiding patient positioning

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种X线胸部摄影患者正确摆位的辅助装置,其特征是:包括围栏支架、升降座和手柄旋转定位机构,所述围栏支架包括左右支撑框架、前支撑横梁和后围栏门,所述左右支撑框架的上下前端分别与前支撑横梁固接构成整体框架式围栏,所述围栏支架与升降机构固接,所述手柄旋转定位机构包括手柄和手柄支撑座,所述手柄支撑座固接在围栏支架前端面上,手柄支撑座左右两端设有销孔,手柄前端固接有支撑销轴,支撑销轴与手柄支撑座的销孔滑动连接,手柄沿水平方向转动,手柄转动方向上设有限位机构。有益效果:本发明可以帮助患者完成胸部X线摄影的标准体位动作,增加患者站立稳定性。提高胸部X摄影的成像质量,提升放射诊断正确率。

Figure 201911118154

The invention relates to an auxiliary device for correct positioning of a patient in X-ray chest photography. The upper and lower front ends of the left and right support frames are respectively fixed with the front support beam to form an integral frame fence, the fence bracket is fixed with the lifting mechanism, the handle rotation and positioning mechanism includes a handle and a handle support seat, and the handle support seat is fixed. Connected to the front end surface of the fence bracket, the left and right ends of the handle support base are provided with pin holes, the front end of the handle is fixed with a support pin shaft, and the support pin shaft is slidably connected with the pin holes of the handle support base, the handle rotates in the horizontal direction, and the direction of the handle rotation There is a limit mechanism on it. Beneficial effects: the present invention can help the patient to complete the standard posture action of chest X-ray photography, and increase the patient's standing stability. Improve the imaging quality of chest X-rays and improve the accuracy of radiological diagnosis.

Figure 201911118154

Description

Auxiliary device for correct positioning of patient in X-ray chest photography
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to an auxiliary device for correct positioning of a patient in X-ray chest radiography.
Background
Chest X-ray examination is the most widely used means of radiology in clinical use and is listed as one of the examination items of routine physical examination. The advantages of quick, simple and economical radiography are increasingly prominent, and become the priority of chest examination. The requirements of the chest X-ray examination and the position of the projection are as follows: 1. the patient must stand in front of the detection plate with the back towards the bulb tube in the correct standing position, the shoulder part sags, the back of the hand is forked at the waist, the scapula is pulled to internally rotate the upper arm, the prothorax is tightly attached to the detection plate, the head is slightly tilted backwards, and the lower jaw is arranged above the upper edge of the detection plate; 2. center line: the film is horizontally shot into the 6 th thoracic vertebra, and the air is closed for exposure after deep air suction. The difficulty of correct posture positioning is that the scapula is pulled open to rotate the upper arm inwards in chest X-ray examination. Since most technicians cannot clearly express the movement to the patient, and most patients are difficult to understand, the movement of the upper arm pronation cannot be in place in the chest photography, the scapula is not pulled away, partial lung images are blocked in the imaging, and missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis is easily caused. Especially, if the patient is weak or inconvenient to move, and cannot stand stably in front of the detection plate, it is more difficult to perform standard movements with the technician, resulting in failure of the mammography. Further, in hospitals, many patients who perform chest X-ray examinations do not wear lead clothes at all for the sake of greediness. If the patient wears the lead clothes according to the standard requirement, the examination time of the patient is prolonged and the radiation protection effect is influenced because some patients are inconvenient to wear the lead clothes.
In order to obtain effective and accurate lung images, clinical operation of chest X-ray radiographic examination requires an auxiliary device which can assist a patient in accurate positioning to be provided urgently, so that the operation difficulty of the current chest X-ray radiographic technology can be overcome, and the problem that the doctor and the patient cannot communicate clearly in the body position is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an auxiliary device for correct positioning of a patient in X-ray chest radiography in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides relatively stable support for the patient, ensures that the internal rotation action of the upper arm is accurate and in place, enables the scapula to be pulled open, realizes accurate positioning according to the specified action and completes accurate lung radiography; meanwhile, the lead screen can shield the X-ray below the waist of the patient.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an auxiliary device for correct positioning of a patient in an X-ray chest radiography, comprising: including rail support, lifting seat and handle rotational positioning mechanism, rail support is including controlling braced frame, preceding supporting beam and back rail door, back rail door passes through the hinge and articulates about between braced frame, about braced frame's upper and lower front end constitute whole frame-type rail with preceding supporting beam rigid coupling respectively, rail support and lifting mechanism rigid coupling, handle rotational positioning mechanism includes handle and handle supporting seat, handle supporting seat rigid coupling is on rail support front end face, and both ends are equipped with the pinhole about the handle supporting seat, the handle front end rigid coupling has the backing pin axle, the pinhole sliding connection of backing pin axle and handle supporting seat, handle rotate along the horizontal direction, are equipped with stop gear on the handle rotation direction.
The limiting mechanism adopts a ratchet handle positioning mechanism or a top ball type multi-point limiting mechanism.
The handle is connected with ratchet formula handle positioning mechanism, ratchet formula handle positioning mechanism includes ratchet, pawl, thousand gold and the round pin that resets, the support pin axle at handle front end and the centre bore sliding connection of ratchet, the ratchet plays handle limit function through the pawl, the pawl keeps contact with it and ratchet through thousand gold, the pawl pin is connected with the round pin that resets, round hole sliding connection on reset pin and the handle supporting seat.
The fence support is encircled by the left supporting frame, the front supporting beam, the right supporting frame and the rear fence door in sequence to form the integral isosceles trapezoid fence.
A T-shaped support is fixedly connected to the middle position of a front supporting beam of the fence support, and a handle supporting seat is fixedly connected to the T-shaped support.
The lifting mechanism comprises a servo motor and four guide rail pairs, the servo motor drives the guide rails to move up and down through a chain transmission mechanism, the four guide rail pairs are fixedly connected to left and right supporting frames of the fence support respectively, and the servo motor drives the four guide rail pairs to drive the fence support to move up and down to adjust the height.
The rotating handle rotates along the horizontal direction, and the rotating angle range is 0-90 degrees.
The left and right supporting frames of the fence support and the fence door are provided with lead screens, and the lead screens are connected with the upper left rear rod, the upper rear cross rod and the fence door in a hanging manner.
The lead screen has lead equivalent of 0.5mmPb, is fixed by the frame, moves up and down along with the fence bracket, and has the upper edge finally horizontal to the waist of a patient to play a role in shielding X rays.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention can help the patient to complete the standard body position action of chest X-ray photography and increase the standing stability of the patient; the simple lead screen shelters from, improves the availability factor of radiation protection, makes whole inspection process more convenient, swift, shortens the check-out time, reduces the pendulum degree of difficulty to improve chest X photographic imaging quality, promote the radiodiagnosis rate of accuracy, satisfy clinical diagnosis needs.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a ratchet-type handle positioning mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the lift mechanism of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the fence door and fence support of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. the rail support comprises a rail support 1-1, a T-shaped support 2, a lifting structure 2-1, a servo motor 2-2, a guide rail pair 2-3, a chain transmission mechanism 3, 4, a left support frame, a right support frame, 5, a rear rail door 6, a front support beam 7, a lead screen 8, a handle rotary positioning mechanism 8-1, a handle 8-2, a handle support seat 8-3, a support pin shaft 9, a ratchet wheel type handle positioning mechanism 9-1, a ratchet wheel 9-2, a pawl 9-3, a bridge piece 9-4 and a reset pin.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments provided in accordance with the present invention is provided in conjunction with the preferred embodiments:
referring to the attached drawings in detail, the invention provides an auxiliary device for the correct positioning of a patient in X-ray chest radiography, which comprises a fence bracket 1, a lifting mechanism 2 and a handle rotating and positioning mechanism 8, the fence bracket comprises a left supporting frame 3, a right supporting frame 4, a front supporting beam 6 and a rear fence door 5, the rear fence door is hinged between the left and right supporting frames through hinges, the upper and lower front ends of the left and right supporting frames are respectively fixedly connected with the front supporting beam to form an integral frame type fence, the fence bracket is fixedly connected with the lifting mechanism, the handle rotating and positioning mechanism 8 comprises a handle 8-1 and a handle supporting seat 8-2, the handle supporting seat is fixedly connected on the front end surface of the fence bracket, pin holes are arranged at the left end and the right end of the handle supporting seat, the front end of the handle is fixedly connected with a supporting pin shaft 8-3, and the supporting pin shaft is connected with a pin hole of the handle supporting seat in a sliding mode. And a limiting mechanism is arranged in the rotation direction of the handle. The limiting mechanism adopts a ratchet handle positioning mechanism or a top ball type multi-point limiting mechanism. And lead screens are arranged on the left and right supporting frames of the fence bracket and the fence door. The lead screen has lead equivalent of 0.5mmPb, moves up and down along with the fence bracket, finally is horizontal to the waist of a patient, and plays a role in shielding X rays.
Preferably, the handle is connected with a ratchet handle positioning mechanism, the ratchet handle positioning mechanism 9 comprises a ratchet wheel 9-1, a pawl 9-2, a thousand gold 9-3 and a reset pin 9-4, a supporting pin shaft at the front end of the handle is in sliding connection with a central hole of the ratchet wheel, the ratchet wheel plays a handle limiting function through the pawl, the pawl keeps in contact with the ratchet wheel through the thousand gold, the reset pin is connected to one end of the pawl through the pin, the reset pin is sleeved with a reset spring 9-5, and the reset pin is in sliding connection with a round hole in a handle supporting seat.
Preferably, the fence support is encircled by the left supporting frame, the front supporting beam, the right supporting frame and the rear fence door in sequence to form the integral isosceles trapezoid fence.
Preferably, a T-shaped support 1-1 is fixedly connected to the middle position of a front support beam of the fence support, and a handle support seat 8-2 is fixedly connected to the T-shaped support.
The lifting mechanism 2 comprises a servo motor 2-1 and four guide rail pairs 2-2, the servo motor drives the guide rails to move up and down through a chain transmission mechanism 2-3, the four guide rail pairs are fixedly connected to a left supporting frame and a right supporting frame of the fence support respectively, and the servo motor drives the fence support to move up and down through the four guide rail pairs to adjust the height.
The rotating handle rotates along the horizontal direction, and the rotating angle range is 0-90 degrees.
Examples
Fabrication of the present example
The fence bracket provides structural support for the whole device and is made of square steel or round tubes made of stainless steel materials; the left and right supporting frames are fixedly connected through a front supporting beam, the left and right supporting frames are fixedly connected through a beam, and the rear fence door is connected to the left and right supporting frames through hinges.
The handle is made of stainless steel material and covered with sponge sleeves and is positioned at the left end and the right end of the structure, the handle can rotate forwards by 0-90 degrees through the ratchet handle positioning mechanism, and the handle stays at any position.
The limiting mechanism adopts a ratchet wheel type handle positioning mechanism or a top ball type multi-point limiting mechanism. When the ratchet handle positioning mechanism is rotated to a proper angle (the elbow joint is close to the detection plate) when the ratchet handle positioning mechanism is used, the handle is internally limited automatically in real time through the ratchet handle positioning mechanism during rotation. After the inspection is finished, the limit can be released through a reset pin, and the initial 0-degree state is recovered; another kind of spacing mode pushes up pearl formula multiple spot stop gear's structure is fairly simple, adopts the ball location of conventional application, and the structure is: set up a plurality of spring balls on the different angles of handle supporting seat, be equipped with the pit on the handle, the handle rotates to corresponding spring ball position, fixes a position in the spring ball embedding pit.
The fence support is fixedly connected with the lifting mechanism, and the fence support moves up and down through the lifting mechanism to adjust the height.
Because the device adjusts the height of the X-ray machine according to the height of the human body, the range of the lifting height is small, and the selection range of the lifting mechanism is wide. A lifting mechanism can be selected at will in the market. Such as: the lifting device comprises a chain and chain wheel transmission lifting mechanism, an electric push rod, a spiral lifting mechanism, a screw rod lifting mechanism or a hydraulic or pneumatic free type air spring or a self-locking type air spring or an electric rail type and the like, wherein the lifting device can be lifted manually and then automatically limited by adopting the air spring type lifting mechanism; this embodiment adopts chain sprocket drive elevating system. The servo motor and the guide rail of the chain and chain wheel transmission lifting mechanism are all commercial products selected from the market. If the guide rail adopts a conventional guide rail pair or a linear guide rail or a linear module or a ball screw and the like, the servo motor is fixed at the bottom of the fence bracket and can transmit through a chain and a chain wheel, or the servo motor can be fixedly connected at the upper part of the fence bracket and directly connected with the linear guide rail, and a technician regulates and controls the servo motor through a remote controller to adjust the vertical moving height of the fence bracket; the lifting mechanism is of conventional design and is marketed as a mature commodity and will not be described in detail here. No matter which kind of elevating system is adopted, as long as with rail support and elevating system rigid coupling, realize that rail support reciprocates through elevating system and adjusts the height, simultaneously, should guarantee the stability of going up and down, ensure patient's safety.
The lead screens are fixed on the frame, each lead screen is a square stainless steel lead screen with 0.5mmPb hung under the upper beam, and the screens are connected or hung with the left and the right supporting frames through hinges.
In order to move conveniently, the bottom of the device is provided with a roller.
The specific operation is as follows:
1. the device is arranged below a detection plate of an X-ray machine in advance, and the height of a bracket is adjusted to be lower for the requirements of patients with different heights;
2. opening the fence door to guide the patient into the fence support;
3. the patient faces the X-ray machine detection plate, stands in the position that leans on in this device center, at this moment the technician passes through remote controller fine setting rail support height and detection plate height, make patient's lower jaw lean on the detection plate upper lip, patient's both hands hold both sides handle respectively, instruct patient's both hands outside forward side horizontal direction rotating handle to suitable angle together, namely, both sides elbow joint rotates along with the handle, to the place ahead rotates, be close to the detection plate and even paste on the detection plate, shoulder blade moves outside to the lobe of the lung this moment, the device is fixed with patient's arm rising and auto-lock simultaneously, patient's chest is hugged closely the detection plate as far as possible at this moment, accomplish crucial pendulum position action. The technician adjusts the height of the X-ray tube ball, and then closes the rear lead screen device to complete X-ray exposure;
4. the rear part of the bracket is provided with a lead screen (0.5mmpb) for protection, thereby reducing the inconvenience of wearing lead clothes and shortening the examination time of patients.
The above detailed description of the device for assisting the correct positioning of a patient in X-ray chest radiography with reference to the embodiments is illustrative and not restrictive, several embodiments being possible within the limits of the invention, and therefore variations and modifications without departing from the general concept of the invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1.一种X线胸部摄影患者正确摆位的辅助装置,其特征是:包括围栏支架、升降座和手柄旋转定位机构,所述围栏支架包括左右支撑框架、前支撑横梁和后围栏门,所述后围栏门通过合页铰接在左右支撑框架之间,所述左右支撑框架的上下前端分别与前支撑横梁固接构成整体框架式围栏,所述围栏支架与升降机构固接,所述手柄旋转定位机构包括手柄和手柄支撑座,所述手柄支撑座固接在围栏支架前端面上,手柄支撑座左右两端设有销孔,所述手柄前端固接有支撑销轴,所述支撑销轴与手柄支撑座的销孔滑动连接,手柄沿水平方向转动,手柄转动方向上设有限位机构。1. an auxiliary device for X-ray chest photography patient correct positioning, it is characterized in that: comprise fence support, lift seat and handle rotation positioning mechanism, described fence support comprises left and right support frame, front support beam and rear fence door, so The rear fence door is hinged between the left and right support frames through hinges, the upper and lower front ends of the left and right support frames are respectively fixed with the front support beam to form an integral frame fence, the fence bracket is fixed with the lifting mechanism, and the handle rotates The positioning mechanism includes a handle and a handle support seat, the handle support seat is fixed on the front end surface of the fence bracket, the left and right ends of the handle support seat are provided with pin holes, the front end of the handle is fixed with a support pin, the support pin The handle is slidably connected with the pin hole of the handle support base, the handle rotates in the horizontal direction, and a limit mechanism is arranged in the rotation direction of the handle. 2.根据权利要求1所述的X线胸部摄影患者正确摆位的辅助装置,其特征是:所述限位机构采用棘轮式手柄定位机构或顶珠式多点限位机构。2 . The auxiliary device for correct positioning of X-ray chest photography patients according to claim 1 , wherein the limiting mechanism adopts a ratchet-type handle positioning mechanism or a bead-topping multi-point limiting mechanism. 3 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的X线胸部摄影患者正确摆位的辅助装置,其特征是:所述手柄连接有棘轮式手柄定位机构,所述棘轮式手柄定位机构包括棘轮、棘爪、千金和复位销,所述手柄前端的支撑销轴与棘轮的中心孔滑动连接,所述棘轮通过棘爪起到手柄限位功能,所述棘爪通过千金将其与棘轮保持接触,所述棘爪销接有复位销,所述复位销与手柄支撑座上圆孔滑动连接。3. The auxiliary device for correct positioning of X-ray chest photography patients according to claim 1, wherein the handle is connected with a ratchet-type handle positioning mechanism, and the ratchet-type handle positioning mechanism comprises a ratchet, a pawl, and reset pin, the support pin at the front end of the handle is slidably connected with the central hole of the ratchet, the ratchet plays the handle limit function through the pawl, and the pawl keeps it in contact with the ratchet through the gold, and the pawl A reset pin is connected to the pin, and the reset pin is slidably connected with the circular hole on the handle support seat. 4.根据权利要求1所述的X线胸部摄影患者正确摆位的辅助装置,其特征是:所述围栏支架依次通过左支撑框架、前支撑横梁、右支撑框架和后围栏门合围构成整体等腰梯形式围栏。4. The auxiliary device for correct positioning of X-ray chest photography patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fence bracket is formed as a whole by the left support frame, the front support beam, the right support frame and the rear fence door in turn, etc. Waist ladder form fence. 5.根据权利要求1所述的X线胸部摄影患者正确摆位的辅助装置,其特征是:所述围栏支架的前支撑横梁中间位置固接有T形支架,所述T形支架上固接有手柄支撑座。5. The auxiliary device for correct positioning of X-ray chest photography patients according to claim 1, wherein a T-shaped bracket is fixedly connected to the middle position of the front support beam of the fence bracket, and the T-shaped bracket is fixedly connected to the middle position. With handle support. 6.根据权利要求1所述的X线胸部摄影患者正确摆位的辅助装置,其特征是:所述升降机构包括伺服电机和四只导轨副,所述伺服电机通过链传动机构驱动导轨上下移动,四只导轨副分别固接在围栏支架的左右支撑框架上,伺服电机带动四只导轨副带动围栏支架上下移动调整高度。6. The auxiliary device for correct positioning of X-ray chest photography patients according to claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises a servo motor and four guide rail pairs, and the servo motor drives the guide rail to move up and down through a chain transmission mechanism The four guide rail pairs are respectively fixed on the left and right support frames of the fence bracket, and the servo motor drives the four guide rail pairs to drive the fence bracket to move up and down to adjust the height. 7.根据权利要求1所述的X线胸部摄影患者正确摆位的辅助装置,其特征是:所述旋转手柄沿水平方向转动,转动角度范围为0°-90°。7 . The auxiliary device for correct positioning of X-ray chest photography patients according to claim 1 , wherein the rotating handle rotates in the horizontal direction, and the rotation angle ranges from 0° to 90°. 8 . 8.根据权利要求1所述的X线胸部摄影患者正确摆位的辅助装置,其特征是:所述围栏支架的左右支撑框架及围栏门上设有铅屏风,所述铅屏风与上左后杆、上后横杆及围栏门挂接。8. The auxiliary device for correct positioning of X-ray chest photography patients according to claim 1, wherein the left and right support frames of the fence bracket and the fence door are provided with lead screens, and the lead screens are connected to the upper left rear Pole, upper and rear cross bars and fence door hooking. 9.根据权利要求1所述的X线胸部摄影患者正确摆位的辅助装置,其特征是:所述铅屏风的铅当量为0.5mmPb,所述铅屏风通过框架固定,所述铅屏风随围栏支架上下移动,铅屏风上边缘最终水平于患者腰部,起到屏蔽X线作用。9 . The auxiliary device for correct positioning of X-ray chest photography patients according to claim 1 , wherein the lead equivalent of the lead screen is 0.5 mmPb, the lead screen is fixed by a frame, and the lead screen is accompanied by a fence. 10 . The bracket moves up and down, and the upper edge of the lead screen is finally level with the patient's waist, which plays the role of shielding X-rays.
CN201911118154.XA 2019-11-15 2019-11-15 Auxiliary device for correct positioning of the patient in X-ray chest photography Pending CN110893101A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113576513A (en) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-02 南华大学 Posture correction device and method for chest stand

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