CN110882041A - Skin taking device and using method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a skin extractor and a using method thereof. It includes a shell of the leather picker for hands to hold, a dry battery for supplying power to the leather picker is installed in the shell, a DC motor and a transmission are installed under the dry battery, and a connecting shaft protrudes from the bottom of the DC motor and the transmission to connect The shaft is inserted into the hollow rotating shaft, one or two connecting flat keys are installed between the end face of the hollow rotating shaft and the step surface of the connecting shaft, and a dermatome is installed at the front end of the hollow shaft. The cutter bar is composed of a trephine bit connected to the front end of the cutter bar. The end face of the trephine bit is provided with a radial air guide groove with the hollow nozzle as the center. There is a cavity in between, the cavity is communicated with the outside air duct, the other end of the air duct is connected with an air compressor, and the air duct is connected with a switch for three states of positive pressure, negative pressure and normal pressure. A push button switch is installed on the top of the shell of the peeler.

Description

A skin extractor and method of using the same

technical field

The present invention relates to a surgical instrument for skin implantation, in particular to a skin extractor and a method for using the same.

Background technique

Microskin transplantation was first applied to large-area burns. It solved the problem of wound coverage in patients with large-area burns by using a smaller donor area, which greatly improved the success rate of treatment of patients with large-area burns. The sheet covers the wound evenly and repairs the wound through the expansion of the microskin itself, which is reported to expand up to 100 times its own maximum area. The advantage of microskin grafting is the high rate of autologous skin expansion. From histological study, it was found that the new skin structure was similar to normal skin after operation, but there were no appendages. The advantages are that the operation method is simple, easy to master and popularize, and the operation timing is relatively broad, and it can be implemented in the early, middle and even late stages of burns. The general skin grafting expansion ratio can reach 13:1 or even 18:1, and the average expansion ratio is greater than 10:1. It can quickly seal large-area and deep wounds, reduce the incidence of complications of patients, significantly reduce the incidence of sepsis, reduce the mortality rate, and save costs. After 2 years, the skin texture of the transplant site becomes soft and the function is improved. Microskin transplantation has been widely used in the country and has achieved remarkable results. It once became the mainstream method for repairing large-area burn wounds in China. The long-term follow-up effect after microskin transplantation is good. In addition to large-area burn patients, autologous microskin transplantation is also used in China to treat chronic refractory wounds, and certain curative effects have been achieved.

The traditional production of microparticle skin is to use scissors to manually make microparticle skin, which is time-consuming, laborious and slow, often lagging behind the wound scabbing, so that the wound cannot be covered in time, the operation time is delayed, and the amount of bleeding is large. For this reason, some people have designed a peeling machine to plan a large piece of epidermis on the skin supply area, and then use a peeling machine to break it into small pieces. Although the speed of leather making is accelerated, the effect of skin grafting is not ideal, such as patent CN201820084186. 7A type of roller peeler for general surgery, a peeler similar to this form is commonly used at present, and for patients with many underlying diseases, the elderly and the frail, diabetic foot ulcers, etc. The area of skin extraction has a great influence on the healing of the skin extraction area. Therefore, this is limited for autologous microskin transplantation. Some people have improved the SFS79-1A three-purpose peeling machine to cross-cutting; some Taiwanese scholars use a mesh peeling machine to supplement the skin on the non-groove surface of the skin carrier, and apply a sterilized surface to the roller. Olive oil, cross-cut or cut from 6 different angles, but still can not completely solve the problems of skin fixing, cutting, sticking knife and so on.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a skin extractor and a method for using the skin extractor which is simple in structure, convenient in manufacture and use, and enables the skin donor area to heal in time.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned requirements, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: it is characterized in that it comprises a shell of a skin extractor for holding by hand, a dry battery for providing power to the skin extractor is installed in the shell, and a dry battery is installed below the dry battery. DC motor and transmission, connecting shaft protrudes from the bottom of the DC motor and transmission, the connecting shaft is inserted into the hollow rotating shaft, and one or two connecting flat keys are installed between the end face of the hollow rotating shaft and the stepped surface of the connecting shaft. The front end of the rotating shaft is installed with a dermatome, which is composed of a shank and a ring drill bit connected to the front end of the shank. The shank is a hollow tube, and the shank is inserted into the hollow shaft and passes through the The set screw on the hollow rotating shaft fixes the cutter bar in the hollow rotating shaft. The trephine bit is in the shape of a disc, and the periphery of the disc is a protruding blade. The end face of the trephine bit is made with A radial air guide groove with the hollow nozzle as the center, a cavity is arranged between the connecting shaft end and the cutter shank end in the hollow shaft, an air guide pipe is connected to the shell, and the air guide pipe passes through the air guide hole and the hollow shaft on the hollow shaft. The vent hole is communicated with the cavity, the other end of the air duct is connected to an air compressor, and the air duct is connected with a switch for three states of positive pressure, negative pressure and normal pressure, which is fixed on the top of the shell of the peeler There is an end cover, and a button switch is installed on the end cover. The button switch controls whether the dry battery is connected to the DC motor. A sealing ring is installed between each mating surface related to the cavity to ensure no air leakage in the cavity.

The diameter of the trephine bit is the diameter D of the skin piece taken, and the protruding length B of the blade on the trephine bit is equal to the thickness of the skin piece taken.

A sliding bearing is installed between the casing and the hollow shaft.

The air guide hole and the air hole on the hollow shaft communicate with the cavity, and a circumferential air guide groove is formed on the outer surface of the hollow shaft at the position of the air hole, so that the air in the air guide pipe passes through the air guide hole and the air guide groove. Always communicate with vents and cavities.

The end cap is screwed on the top of the shell of the skin extractor through threads.

A ring-shaped locking groove is formed at the locking position of the set screw of the cutter bar.

Said switch is controlled by foot pedal.

The method of using the peeler is characterized in the following order:

A. Preparation before skin extraction: Install a skin extractor with a suitable diameter D on the skin extractor according to the size of the skin extraction area, and fix it with a set screw; after disinfection and anesthesia in the skin donor area; start the air compressor;

B. Skin removal: hold the skin remover, put the switch in the normal pressure state, press the button switch, the trephine head rotates, press the trephine head to the position of the skin supply, and use the blade to separate the skin supply area and the non-supply area. The skin area is divided; release the button switch, the trephine bit stops rotating, the foot control switches the switch to the negative pressure state, the epidermis in the trephine bit is close to the trephine bit due to the negative pressure, lift it slightly to remove For the skin device, use a scalpel close to the edge of the trephine head to separate the cut skin from the donor site;

C. Putting the skin: Insert the trephine bit into the vessel filled with physiological saline, switch the switch to positive pressure by foot control, and blow off the skin sticking in the trephine bit into the vessel;

D. Change the position of a skin donor, and cycle the above actions B and C continuously until all skin extraction operations are completed.

According to the above-designed peeler and its use method, it uses dry batteries as power, outputs power on the connecting shaft through a DC motor and a transmission, and transmits power through the end face key to drive the rotation of the hollow shaft and the trephine bit. To achieve the effect of cutting the epidermis. The main innovations of this peeler are:

1. In the power transmission, considering the sealing requirements of the cavity, the rare up-and-down end face keyway and key transmission are adopted to transmit the torque on the connecting shaft;

2. In the method of skin extraction, the method of continuous large-scale skin extraction that is usually used to plan the skin is abandoned, and this discontinuous point-by-point method of skin extraction is used, which is conducive to the rapid healing of the wound at the donor site;

3. In the separation of the skin and the detachment of the skin on the knife, the hollow cutter bar in the middle and the different in and out states of air are used to form three different states of negative pressure, positive pressure and normal pressure on the end face of the trephine bit. It makes the skin in the cutter head realize the actions of normal pressure skin cutting, negative pressure lifting, and positive pressure skin blowing, which reduces the contact with other medical devices, reduces pollution, and improves the efficiency of skin removal;

4. It is easy to use. When in use, the skin extractor holds the skin extractor in one hand and controls the up and down movements of the skin extractor. The thumb presses the button switch to control the rotation of the trephine head, and the other hand is responsible for sticking the scalpel to the ring. The cutting edge of the drill head separates the skin piece taken from the supply area; one foot controls the switch, and cooperates with the peeling action of adsorption or separation of the skin piece of the trephine head. The size and thickness of the peeling knife are made of various specifications, which are connected by plugging, which is easy to assemble, disassemble and replace;

5. The quality of the peeled skin is good, it solves the previous skin peeling problem better, the peeling speed is fast, and the size of the autologous skin removed in the donor area is just right, which can save the cutting and production process of the microparticle skin. The particle skins produced by this design are uniform in size and fast in peeling, which avoids excessive repeated cutting during the crushing process and causes less damage to the skin cells. However, in the process of traditionally using scissors to make particle skins, there is a process of knife-edge setback. The skin grafts have repeated mechanical damage, the damage to the skin cells is heavy, and the skin grains are uneven, which affects the expansion of the microskin edge and the wound healing.

The whole skin extractor of this design is simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost. Compared with the traditional skin extractor, it is a completely different form of skin extracting. .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the peeler;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of F region in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the K-direction view of the trephine bit in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the front view of the hollow shaft;

Fig. 5 is the top view of Fig. 4;

Figure 6 is a front view of the connecting shaft head;

Fig. 7 is the right side view of Fig. 6;

FIG. 8 is an E-direction view of FIG. 6 .

In the picture: 1. Shell; 2. Dry battery; 3. DC motor and transmission; 4. Connecting shaft; 5. Hollow shaft; 6. Flanging; 7. Sliding bearing; 8. Keyway; 9. Flat key; 10. Take dermatome; 11, cutter bar; 12, trephine bit; 13, set screw; 14, locking groove; 15, blade; 16, hollow nozzle; 17, air bleed groove; 18, cavity; 19, Air guide pipe; 20, air guide hole; 21, air hole; 22, air guide groove; 23, end cover; 24, button switch; 25, O-ring.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3 are schematic diagrams of the structure of a skin extractor. It includes a casing 1 of a leather extractor for hand-held, a dry battery 2 for supplying power to the leather extractor is installed in the casing 1, a DC motor and a transmission 3 are installed under the dry battery 2, and the bottom of the DC motor and the transmission 3 extends There is a connecting shaft 4, the connecting shaft 4 is inserted into the hollow rotating shaft 5, and the upper end surface of the hollow rotating shaft 5 is made with an outward flange 6 as shown in Figures 4 and 5, between the casing 1 and the hollow rotating shaft 5. Sliding bearing 7. A keyway 8 is provided between the end face of the hollow shaft 5 and the stepped surface of the connecting shaft 4, as shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8. One or two connecting flat keys 9 are installed in the keyway 8. The connecting flat keys used 9 is a C-type flat key. A skin-removing knife 10 is installed at the front end of the hollow rotating shaft 5 , and the skin-removing knife 10 is composed of a cutter bar 11 and a trephine bit 12 connected to the front end of the cutter bar 11 . The cutter bar 11 is a hollow tube, the cutter bar 11 is inserted into the hollow rotating shaft 5, and the cutter bar 11 is fixed in the hollow rotating shaft 5 through the set screw 13 on the hollow rotating shaft 5, and the set screw of the cutter bar 11 13 An annular locking groove 14 is formed at the locking position, and the head of the set screw 13 is caught in the locking groove 14 . The trephine bit 12 is in the shape of a disc, and the periphery of the disc is a cutting edge 15 extending forward. The diameter of the trephine bit 12 is the diameter D of the skin piece taken, and the protruding length B of the cutting edge of the trephine bit 12 is equal to the thickness of the skin piece taken. On the end surface of the trephine bit 12 , air-inducing grooves 17 radially centered on the hollow nozzle 16 are formed. A cavity 18 is provided between the end of the connecting shaft 4 and the end of the cutter shank 11 in the hollow shaft 5 , and an air guide 19 is connected to the casing 1 , and the air guide 19 passes through the air guide hole 20 and the air hole 21 on the hollow shaft 5 and The cavity 18 is communicated, and the ventilation hole 21 on the hollow shaft 5 is communicated with the cavity 18. A circumferential air guide groove 22 is formed on the outer surface of the hollow shaft 5 at the position of the ventilation hole 21, so that the air in the air guide tube 19 is formed. The air is always communicated with the ventilation holes 21 and the cavity 19 through the air guide holes 20 and the air guide grooves 22 . The other end of the air duct 19 is connected to an air compressor (not shown in the figure), and the air duct 19 is connected with a switch for three states of positive pressure, negative pressure and normal pressure (not shown in the figure), so The switch described above is controlled by a foot pedal. An end cover 23 is screwed on the top of the shell 1 of the peeler, and a button switch 24 is installed on the end cover 23. The button switch 24 controls whether the dry battery 2 is connected to the DC motor. O-rings 25 are installed between the mating surfaces to ensure no air leakage in the cavity 18 .

The steps to use the peeler are as follows:

A. Preparation before skin extraction: Install a skin extraction knife 10 with a suitable diameter D on the skin extraction device according to the size of the skin extraction area, and fix it with a set screw 13; after disinfection and anesthesia in the skin donor area; start the air compressor;

B. Skin removal: hold the skin remover, put the switch in the normal pressure state, press the button switch 24, the trephine bit 12 rotates, press the trephine bit 12 to the position of the skin feeder, and use the blade 15 to remove the skin feeder The area and the non-feeding area are separated; the button switch 24 is released, the trephine bit 12 stops rotating, the foot control switches the switch to the negative pressure state, and the leather in the trephine bit 12 is close to the ring due to the negative pressure. In the drill bit 12, lift the skin extractor slightly, and use a scalpel to stick to the blade 15 of the trephine bit 12 to separate the cut skin from the donor area;

C. Putting the skin: Insert the trephine cutter 15 into the vessel filled with physiological saline, switch the switch to positive pressure by foot control, and blow off the skin sticking in the trephine cutter head 15 to the vessel. middle;

D. Change the position of a skin donor, and cycle the above actions B and C continuously until all skin extraction operations are completed.

In clinical operation, it can be performed under surface anesthesia and ice compress. The donor site is a punctate wound, and the abdominal wall, thigh, etc. can be selected. This operation is convenient, simple, and less traumatic. The soft silicone foam dressing covering the area can usually heal within 1 week without repeated dressing changes. It is easy for patients to accept, and the effect is ideal. It can replace the commonly used planer peeling machine and has better performance.

However, the above-mentioned embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those who are familiar with the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A skin taking device is characterized by comprising a shell of the skin taking device held by a hand, a dry battery for providing power for the skin taking device is arranged in the shell, a direct current motor and a speed changer are arranged below the dry battery, a connecting shaft extends out of the bottoms of the direct current motor and the speed changer, the connecting shaft is inserted in a hollow rotating shaft, one or two connecting flat keys are arranged between the end surface of the hollow rotating shaft and the step surface of the connecting shaft, a skin taking knife is arranged at the front end of the hollow rotating shaft, the skin taking knife comprises a knife bar and a trephine bit head connected to the front end of the knife bar, the knife bar is a hollow pipe, the knife bar is inserted in the hollow rotating shaft and is fixed in the hollow rotating shaft through a set screw on the hollow rotating shaft, the trephine bit is disc-shaped, the periphery of the disc is provided with a forward extending knife edge, and the end surface of the trephine bit head is provided with a, be equipped with a cavity between the connecting axle head in hollow rotating shaft and the cutter arbor end, be connected with the air duct on the shell, the air duct passes through air guide hole and the epaxial air vent of hollow rotating and cavity intercommunication, an air compressor is connected to the other end of air duct, and is connected with the change over switch of malleation, negative pressure and the three state of ordinary pressure on the air duct, is fixed with the end cover on the top of getting skin ware shell, installs button switch on the end cover, and whether button switch is controlling the dry battery and is switched on with direct current motor, all installs the sealing washer between each fitting surface relevant with the cavity to guarantee not to leak gas in the cavity.

2. The dermatome of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the trephine bit is the diameter D of the skin piece to be removed, and the length B of the blade of the trephine bit is equal to the thickness of the skin piece to be removed.

3. The dermatome of claim 1, wherein a sliding bearing is installed between the housing and the hollow rotating shaft.

4. The dermatome of claim 1, wherein the air vent of the hollow shaft is communicated with the cavity, and a circumferential air guide groove is formed on the outer surface of the hollow shaft at the position of the air vent, so that air in the air guide pipe is always communicated with the air vent and the cavity through the air guide hole and the air guide groove.

5. The dermatome of claim 1, wherein the end cap is threaded onto the top of the dermatome housing.

6. The dermatome of claim 1, wherein the locking position of the set screw of the knife bar is provided with an annular locking groove.

7. The dermatome of claim 1, wherein said switch is controlled by foot pedal.

8. The use method of the skin taking device is characterized by comprising the following steps in sequence:

A. preparation before skin taking: a skinning knife with a proper diameter D is installed on the skinning device according to the size of the skinning area and is fixed by a set screw; after disinfection and anesthesia of the skin-feeding area; starting the air compressor;

B. skin taking: the skin taking device is held by hand, the change-over switch is placed in a normal pressure state, the button switch is pressed, the trephine bit is rotated, the trephine bit is pressed to a skin supplying position, and a skin supplying area and a non-skin supplying area are separated by the aid of the cutting edge; the button switch is released, the trephine bit stops rotating, the foot pedal controls the change-over switch to be in a negative pressure state, the skin in the trephine bit is tightly attached to the trephine bit due to negative pressure, the skin taking device is slightly lifted, and the skin piece which is cut is separated from the supply area by the operation knife which is tightly attached to the blade of the trephine bit;

C. skin placing: the trephine bit is stretched into a vessel filled with normal saline, a foot pedal controls a change-over switch to be in a positive pressure state, and a skin piece adhered to the inside of the trephine bit is blown off into the vessel;

D. changing a skin supplying position, and continuously circulating the actions B, C until all the skin taking operations are completed.

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