CN110876653A - Acetabular cup - Google Patents
Acetabular cup Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110876653A CN110876653A CN201911187747.1A CN201911187747A CN110876653A CN 110876653 A CN110876653 A CN 110876653A CN 201911187747 A CN201911187747 A CN 201911187747A CN 110876653 A CN110876653 A CN 110876653A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hole
- acetabular cup
- cavity
- wall
- cover body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
- A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
- A61F2002/30004—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis
- A61F2002/30024—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in coefficient of friction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30818—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves castellated or crenellated
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an acetabular cup, which comprises a main body structure, a cover body and a movable sphere, wherein the top surface of the main body structure is provided with a cavity with an upward opening, and the inner wall of the main body structure is provided with a plurality of balls; the movable ball body is arranged in the cavity; the cover body is detachably connected with the top surface of the cavity, a through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the cavity, of the cover body, the movable ball body leaks out of the cover body from the through hole, and a connecting hole is formed in the part, leaking out of the movable ball body, of the cover body. The invention adopts the acetabulum cup with combined structural design, combines the main body structure, the cover body and the movable ball body, and after the acetabulum cup is applied to hip joint replacement surgery, the movable ball body in the acetabulum cup rolls with the ball bearing and works with the main body structure and the cover body in a coordinated manner to enable the joint to move.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an acetabular cup.
Background
Hip replacement has become a reliable treatment modality over the years of clinical practice. Wherein, the total hip replacement needs the acetabulum cup to be matched with the femoral stem for use, so as to meet the movement requirement of the joint of the patient. In the prior art, the joint matching mode simulates a natural hip joint, namely, the mortar cup and a ball body on the femoral stem move through sliding. Because the existence of sliding friction in the sliding process, the mortar cup is very easily damaged with the face of spheroid contact to influence articular life, simultaneously, long-time sliding friction can cause the mortar cup to take place the material with the spheroid surface and drop and produce the piece, thereby these pieces very easily cause human inflammation to lead to the joint of implantation to take place to become flexible. In addition, because the stability of the combination of the acetabular cup and the femur is not high, dislocation accidents are easy to happen due to looseness, and collision damage and abnormal sound are easy to generate.
At present, the service life of the joint is prolonged by adopting wear-resistant materials for the acetabular cup and the ball body, and the acetabular cup and the ball body are high in cost and complex to process.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the acetabular cup, the joint moves in a rolling mode by designing the rolling bearing in the acetabular cup, so that sliding friction is changed into rolling friction, the friction resistance is greatly reduced, and the service life of the joint is prolonged. Meanwhile, the acetabular cup disclosed by the invention can be tightly connected with the femoral stem, so that the stability of the hip joint in the movement process is ensured, and the occurrence of dislocation accidents is reduced.
An acetabular cup according to an embodiment of the invention includes:
the top surface of the main body structure is provided with a cavity with an upward opening, and the inner wall of the main body structure is provided with a plurality of balls;
the movable ball body is arranged in the cavity;
the cover body is detachably connected with the top surface of the cavity, a through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the cavity, of the cover body, the movable ball body leaks out of the cover body from the through hole, and a connecting hole is formed in the part, leaking out of the movable ball body, of the cover body.
The acetabular cup disclosed by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
the acetabulum cup with combined structural design combines the main body structure, the cover body and the movable ball body, and after being applied to hip joint replacement surgery, the movable ball body in the acetabulum cup rolls with the ball bearing and works with the main body structure and the cover body in a coordinated manner to enable the joint to move.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the distance d from the outer wall of the movable sphere to the inner wall of the cavity and the radius r of the ball are such that:
the balls are uniformly distributed and closely arranged, are single-layer and are prevented from being stacked.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the main body structure is hemispherical, the opening of the cavity is surrounded by a boss, and the outer side surface of the boss is provided with an external thread.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the bottom surface of the cover body is provided with a groove, the top surface of the groove is provided with a through hole along the vertical direction, the inner side wall of the groove is provided with an internal thread, and the internal thread is matched with the external thread.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the outer wall of the body structure is a rough wall surface, so that the acetabular cup is convenient to attach to bone.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the inner wall of the main body structure is a smooth wall surface, so that the rolling of the balls is facilitated, and the friction is reduced.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the outer side of the cover body is provided with a mounting block, and the mounting block is provided with a mounting hole for mounting and retaining the acetabular cup in the acetabular socket.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the through hole is circular, and the number of contact points between the circular through hole and the movable ball is more, so that the movable ball is more stably connected to the through hole when leaking out of the cover body from the through hole, and the upper edge and the lower edge of the through hole are both provided with chamfers, thereby reducing friction between the movable ball and the through hole when rolling.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the outer surface of the movable ball is a smooth wall surface, so as to further reduce friction between the movable ball and the balls when the movable ball rolls.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the inner wall of the connecting hole is provided with an inner gear which is matched with an outer gear of the femoral stem in the hip replacement operation for fixation, so that the acetabular cup and the femoral stem can be tightly connected, the stability of the hip joint in the movement process is ensured, and the occurrence of dislocation accidents is reduced.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a main structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a movable sphere of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a movable sphere according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an assembled acetabular cup according to embodiments of the invention;
a main body structure 100, a boss 110, a ball 120,
A cover body 200, a through hole 210, an installation block 220, an installation hole 221,
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to, for example, the upper, lower, etc., is indicated based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as set, mounted, connected and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
An acetabular cup according to an embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.
As shown in fig. 1-5, an acetabular cup according to an embodiment of the invention includes a body structure 100, a cap body 200, and a movable sphere 300. The top surface of the main body structure 100 is provided with a cavity with an upward opening, and the inner wall of the main body structure is provided with a plurality of balls 120; the movable sphere 300 is arranged in the cavity; the cover body 200 is detachably connected to the top surface of the cavity, a through hole 210 is formed in the cover body 200 at a position corresponding to the cavity, wherein the movable sphere 300 is exposed from the through hole 210 to the cover body 200, and a connection hole 310 is formed in a portion of the movable sphere 300 exposed from the cover body 200. The main body structure 100, the cover body 200 and the movable sphere 300 are combined by adopting the acetabulum cup with a combined structural design, after the acetabulum cup is applied to hip joint replacement surgery, the movable sphere 300 in the acetabulum cup rolls with the ball bearings 120 and works with the main body structure 100 and the cover body 200 in a cooperative manner, so that the joint moves, and the friction force generated in the process is greatly reduced compared with sliding friction due to rolling friction, thereby prolonging the service life of the joint.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the distance d from the outer wall of the movable sphere 300 to the inner wall of the cavity and the radius r of the ball 120 satisfy:
the balls 120 are uniformly distributed and closely arranged, andsingle layer, no stack.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the main body structure 100 is a hemisphere, the opening of the cavity is surrounded by a boss 110, and the outer side surface of the boss 110 is provided with an external thread.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom surface of the cover body 200 is provided with a groove, the top surface of the groove is provided with a through hole 210 along the vertical direction, and the inner side wall of the groove is provided with an internal thread which is matched with the external thread.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the body structure 100 is a rough wall, which facilitates attachment of the acetabular cup to bone.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the inner wall of the main body structure 100 is a smooth wall surface, which facilitates the rolling of the balls 120 and reduces the friction.
In some embodiments of the invention, the outer side of the cap body 200 is provided with a mounting block 220, and the mounting block 220 is provided with a mounting hole 221 for mounting and retaining the acetabular cup in the acetabular socket.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the through hole 210 is circular, and the contact point between the circular through hole 210 and the movable sphere 300 is more, so that the movable sphere 300 is more stably connected to the through hole 210 when leaking out of the cover body 200 from the through hole 210, and the upper edge and the lower edge of the through hole 210 are both provided with chamfers, which can reduce friction between the movable sphere 300 and the through hole 210 when rolling.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer surface of the movable sphere 300 is a smooth wall surface, which further reduces friction when the movable sphere 300 rolls with the balls 120.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the inner wall of the connection hole 310 is provided with an inner gear 311, which is adapted to an outer gear of a femoral stem in a hip replacement operation, for fixation, so that the acetabular cup can be tightly connected to the femoral stem, the stability of the hip joint during movement is ensured, and the occurrence of dislocation is reduced.
Other constructions and operations of acetabular cups according to embodiments of the invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
An acetabular cup according to an embodiment of the invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-5 in a specific embodiment. It is to be understood that the following description is only exemplary, and not a specific limitation of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the acetabular cup includes a body structure 100, a cap body 200, and a movable sphere 300. The main body structure 100 is a hemisphere with an upward opening, a cavity is formed in the hemisphere, a boss 110 is arranged around an opening of the hemisphere, an external thread is arranged on the outer side surface of the boss 110, a plurality of balls 120 are arranged on the inner wall of the hemisphere, and the balls 120 are uniformly distributed and closely arranged to form a single layer, so that stacking is avoided; a groove is formed in the bottom surface of the cover body 200, a through hole 210 is formed in the top surface of the groove in the vertical direction, an internal thread is formed in the inner side wall of the groove, and the internal thread is matched with the external thread; the movable sphere 300 is disposed in the cavity of the hemisphere, and a through hole 210 is disposed on the cover 200 corresponding to the cavity of the hemisphere, wherein the movable sphere 300 leaks out of the cover 200 through the through hole 210, and a connection hole 310 is disposed on a portion of the movable sphere 300 that leaks out of the cover 200.
The outer side of the cover body 200 is uniformly provided with 4 mounting blocks 220, and the mounting blocks 220 are provided with mounting holes 221.
Specifically, when the acetabular cup is applied to a hip replacement surgery, the opening of the main body structure 100 is placed upwards, the balls 120 are placed in the main body structure 100 and are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the main body structure 100, the balls 120 are placed in the main body structure 100 in a single layer, stacking is avoided, the movable ball 300 is taken, the connecting hole 310 is upward and is placed on the balls 120 uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the main body structure 100, the balls 120 are further placed in the main body structure 100 uniformly along the periphery of the inner wall of the main body structure 100 and are uniformly distributed, stacking is avoided until the number of the balls does not exceed the outer edge of the main body structure 100, finally the cover body 200 is taken, the opening of the cover body 200 is downward, the internal thread of the thread groove is aligned with the external thread of the boss 110 in the main body structure 100, meanwhile. Once assembled, the procedure may be arranged to open the soft tissue of the patient to expose the patient's acetabular socket, create a mounting location in the patient's acetabular socket via an acetabular file, place the inventive body structure 100 therein to ensure that the outer wall of the body structure 100 is in intimate contact with the acetabular socket, adjust the position of the mounting block 220, and retain the acetabular cup of the invention using retention pins through the mounting holes 221. Thus, the movable ball 300 rolls with the ball 120 and cooperates with the main body structure 100 and the cover 200 to move the joint, and the friction force generated by the rolling friction is greatly reduced compared with the sliding friction in the process, thereby increasing the service life of the joint.
In the description herein, references to the description of "some embodiments" or "examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. An acetabular cup, comprising:
the top surface of the main body structure is provided with a cavity with an upward opening, and the inner wall of the main body structure is provided with a plurality of balls;
the movable ball body is arranged in the cavity;
the cover body is detachably connected with the top surface of the cavity, a through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the cavity, of the cover body, the movable ball body leaks out of the cover body from the through hole, and a connecting hole is formed in the part, leaking out of the movable ball body, of the cover body.
2. The acetabular cup of claim 1 wherein the distance d from the outer wall of the movable sphere to the inner wall of the cavity is the distance from rollThe radius r of the bead satisfies:
3. the acetabular cup of claim 1 wherein the body structure is hemispherical, the split ring of the cavity being provided with a boss around the outer side of which is provided with an external thread.
4. The acetabular cup of claim 3, wherein a groove is formed in the bottom surface of the cover body, a through hole is formed in the top surface of the groove in the vertical direction, and an internal thread is formed in the inner side wall of the groove and is matched with the external thread.
5. The acetabular cup of claim 1 wherein the outer wall of the body structure is a roughened wall.
6. The acetabular cup of claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the body structure is a smooth-walled surface.
7. The acetabular cup of claim 1 wherein the outer side of the cap is provided with a mounting block, the mounting block having a mounting hole.
8. The acetabular cup of claim 1 wherein the through hole is circular, and wherein both the upper and lower edges of the through hole are chamfered.
9. The acetabular cup of claim 1 wherein the outer surface of the movable sphere is a smooth walled surface.
10. The acetabular cup of claim 1 wherein an inner wall of the attachment hole is provided with an internal gear.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911187747.1A CN110876653A (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Acetabular cup |
| PCT/CN2020/091773 WO2021103443A1 (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2020-05-22 | Acetabular cup |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911187747.1A CN110876653A (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Acetabular cup |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110876653A true CN110876653A (en) | 2020-03-13 |
Family
ID=69729971
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911187747.1A Pending CN110876653A (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Acetabular cup |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110876653A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021103443A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111588518A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-28 | 天衍医疗器材有限公司 | Hip joint prosthesis |
| WO2021103443A1 (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-06-03 | 佛山市逸合生物科技有限公司 | Acetabular cup |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110218637A1 (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2011-09-08 | Zafer Termanini | Interlocking reverse hip prosthesis |
| CN104783932A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-07-22 | 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材股份有限公司 | Acetabulum prosthesis |
| CN107736954A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-27 | 王锐 | Roll joint slidingtype artificial hip joint |
| CN211535005U (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-09-22 | 佛山市逸合生物科技有限公司 | Acetabular cup |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5092898A (en) * | 1988-05-31 | 1992-03-03 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Artificial joint |
| RU2207084C1 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2003-06-27 | Научно-исследовательский центр Татарстана "Восстановительная травматология и ортопедия" | Hip joint endoprosthesis |
| US7179298B2 (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2007-02-20 | Greenlee Wilfred E | Hip prosthesis and the use thereof |
| CN103892941A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-02 | 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材股份有限公司 | Rolling type bipolar head |
| ES1082255Y (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-09-16 | Argueez Jose Florian | PERFECTED HIP PROTESIS |
| CN110876653A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-13 | 佛山市逸合生物科技有限公司 | Acetabular cup |
-
2019
- 2019-11-28 CN CN201911187747.1A patent/CN110876653A/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-05-22 WO PCT/CN2020/091773 patent/WO2021103443A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110218637A1 (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2011-09-08 | Zafer Termanini | Interlocking reverse hip prosthesis |
| CN104783932A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-07-22 | 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材股份有限公司 | Acetabulum prosthesis |
| CN107736954A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-27 | 王锐 | Roll joint slidingtype artificial hip joint |
| CN211535005U (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-09-22 | 佛山市逸合生物科技有限公司 | Acetabular cup |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021103443A1 (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-06-03 | 佛山市逸合生物科技有限公司 | Acetabular cup |
| CN111588518A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-28 | 天衍医疗器材有限公司 | Hip joint prosthesis |
| CN111588518B (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-07-27 | 天衍医疗器材有限公司 | Hip joint prosthesis |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021103443A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 |
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