CN110854165A - OLED display panel and OLED display device - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
- H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
- H10K59/353—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels characterised by the geometrical arrangement of the RGB subpixels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
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Abstract
The present invention provides an OLED display panel, at least one pixel of which includes: a red sub-pixel; a green sub-pixel including a first green sub-pixel and a second green sub-pixel; a blue sub-pixel; the second green sub-pixel is arranged adjacent to the blue sub-pixel, and the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel is converted from green light to blue light under a preset condition; according to the invention, by adopting the mode of arranging the red sub-pixels, the first green sub-pixels, the second green sub-pixels and the blue sub-pixels in an array manner, when the luminous efficiency or the service life of the blue sub-pixels is attenuated to be below a normal range and the red sub-pixels, the first green sub-pixels and the second green sub-pixels can still normally work, the conversion voltage is applied to the second green sub-pixels, so that the luminous color of the second green sub-pixels is irreversibly converted from green light to blue light, the effect of compensating the attenuation of the blue sub-pixels is achieved, the service life of an OLED display device is prolonged, and the service life of a product is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to an OLED display panel and an OLED display device.
Background
Since an Organic Light Emitting Display (OLED) has excellent characteristics of self-luminescence, no need of a backlight source, high contrast, thin thickness, wide viewing angle, fast response speed, applicability to a flexible panel, wide temperature range, simple structure and process, etc., it is considered as a next generation of mainstream flat panel Display technology, and is one of the most focused technologies in the flat panel Display technology at present.
In the existing full-Color method of the OLED display panel, Red, Green, and Blue (Red, Green, and Blue, RGB for short) pixel juxtaposition method and Color filter (CF for short) method are the two most developed methods at present, the Color filter method needs to use a white organic light emitting diode as a backlight, and a filter is added on the backlight to display Red, Green, and Blue light, however, since the light passes through the Color filter and has a large energy loss, the power consumption of the display panel increases, the pixel juxtaposition method is still a very popular full-Color display method in the industry, and at present, a major factor limiting the pixel juxtaposition method is the light emitting efficiency and the lifetime of the Blue light material.
In summary, in the OLED display panel of the prior art, a red, green, and blue subpixel juxtaposition method is adopted to achieve color display, and since the light emitting efficiency and the lifetime of the blue light material are inferior to those of the red light material and the green light material, the light emitting efficiency and the lifetime of the OLED display device are both reduced, and the product performance is insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new OLED display panel and an OLED display device to improve the defect.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an OLED display panel, which is used for solving the technical problems that in the OLED display panel in the prior art, color display is realized by adopting a red, green and blue sub-pixel juxtaposition method, and the luminous efficiency and the service life of an OLED display device are reduced and the product performance is insufficient due to the fact that the luminous efficiency and the service life of a blue light material are poorer than those of a red light material and a green light material.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an OLED display panel, where at least one pixel includes: a red sub-pixel; a green sub-pixel including a first green sub-pixel and a second green sub-pixel; a blue sub-pixel; the second green sub-pixel is adjacent to the blue sub-pixel, and the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel is converted from green light to blue light under a preset condition.
Further, the first green sub-pixel and the second green sub-pixel are both located between the red sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel.
Further, the light-emitting area of the first green sub-pixel is larger than that of the second green sub-pixel.
Further, the first green sub-pixel is located between the red sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel, and the second green sub-pixel is located between the blue sub-pixels of two adjacent rows.
Further, the light-emitting area of the second green sub-pixel is smaller than the light-emitting area of the blue sub-pixel.
Further, the luminescent material of the first green sub-pixel is a fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material.
Further, the luminescent material of the second green sub-pixel is a thermally activated delayed fluorescence material with a lyotropic color change.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an OLED display device, including:
the above-mentioned OLED display panel;
and the driving chip is used for judging whether preset conditions are met or not, and if so, converting the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel from green light to blue light.
Further, the driving chip is configured to obtain the luminance of the blue sub-pixel, and determine whether the luminance of the blue sub-pixel is less than a threshold, and if so, the preset condition is met.
Further, the driving chip is configured to provide a conversion voltage to the second green sub-pixel, so as to convert the light color of the second green sub-pixel from green light to blue light.
Has the advantages that: according to the OLED display panel provided by the embodiment of the invention, by adopting the mode of arranging the red sub-pixel, the first green sub-pixel, the second green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel in an array manner, when the luminous efficiency or the service life of the blue sub-pixel is attenuated to be below a normal range and the red sub-pixel, the first green sub-pixel and the second green sub-pixel can still work normally, a conversion voltage is applied to the second green sub-pixel, so that the luminous color of the second green sub-pixel is subjected to irreversible conversion from green light to blue light, the effect of compensating the attenuation of the blue sub-pixel is achieved, the service life of an OLED display device is prolonged, and the technical effect of prolonging the service life of a product is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of an OLED display panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a sub-pixel structure of an OLED display panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of an OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the OLED display panel in the prior art, color display is realized by adopting a red, green and blue sub-pixel juxtaposition method, and the luminous efficiency and the service life of the OLED display device are reduced due to the fact that the luminous efficiency and the service life of a blue light material are poorer than those of a red light material and a green light material, so that the product performance is insufficient, and the defect can be solved by the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a basic structure of an OLED display panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention is provided, in which components of the OLED display panel according to the present invention and a relative position relationship between the components can be visually seen, and the OLED display panel includes:
a substrate 101, wherein the material of the substrate 101 may be an organic material, such as polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, or the like, or an inorganic material, such as glass, a hard coating, or the like;
a pixel electrode 102, wherein the pixel electrode 102 is located on the substrate 101 and is used for providing a hole, and the material of the pixel electrode 102 may be indium tin oxide or zinc oxide;
a hole transport layer 103, the hole transport layer 103 being located on the pixel electrode 102, the hole transport layer 103 having a higher hole transport ability, a lower HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) energy level, a higher glass transition temperature, and the like;
the light emitting material layer 104 is located on the hole transport layer 103, and the light emitting material layer 104 adopts a host-guest structure, that is, the same guest light emitting material is doped with different host materials to form the light emitting material layer 104;
an electron transport layer 105, wherein the electron transport layer 105 is located on the luminescent material layer 104, the electron transport layer 105 has high electron mobility, high glass transition temperature, good film forming capability and the like, and the material of the electron transport layer 105 may be alumina;
and a common electrode 106, wherein the common electrode 106 is located on the electron transport layer 105 and is used for providing electrons, and the material of the common electrode 106 can be aluminum or magnesium-silver alloy.
In one embodiment, the light emission principle of the OLED display panel is that electrons are transported from the common electrode 106 to the electron transport layer 105, holes are transported from the pixel electrode 102 to the hole transport layer 103, then positive negative charge carriers are transported in the device in opposite directions under the action of an electric field, and finally, in the light emitting material layer 104, the electrons and the holes are recombined to generate excitons, and the excitons undergo radiative transition to generate light.
In one embodiment, the hole transport layer 103 may also be a hole injection layer, which facilitates better hole injection into the light emitting material layer 104, and the material of the hole injection layer may be a composite of polyethylenedioxythiophene and polystyrene sulfonate.
In one embodiment, at least one pixel of the OLED display panel includes:
a red subpixel 107;
a green sub-pixel including a first green sub-pixel 108 and a second green sub-pixel 109;
a blue subpixel 110;
the second green sub-pixel 109 is disposed adjacent to the blue sub-pixel 110, and under a preset condition, the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel 109 is converted from green light to blue light.
Wherein the first green sub-pixel 108 and the second green sub-pixel 109 are located between the red sub-pixel 107 and the blue sub-pixel 110; the light emitting area of the first green sub-pixel 108 is larger than the light emitting area of the second green sub-pixel 109.
It should be noted that the red sub-pixel 107, the first green sub-pixel 108, the second green sub-pixel 109, and the blue sub-pixel 110 are controlled by different data lines.
The preset condition is a state where the luminance of the blue sub-pixel 110 is lower than a normal value and the red sub-pixel 107, the first green sub-pixel 108, and the second green sub-pixel 109 can still emit light normally.
In an embodiment, when the luminance of the blue sub-pixel 110 is lower than a normal value by using a field-induced lyotropic discoloration effect, a conversion voltage is applied to the second green sub-pixel 109, so that the polarity of the host material corresponding to the second green sub-pixel 109 is changed, and further, the light color of the second green sub-pixel 109 in the original pixel matrix is converted from green light to blue light, and the process of converting the light color of the second green sub-pixel 109 from green light to blue light is irreversible, and the range of the conversion voltage is 4 v to 8 v.
In one embodiment, the second green sub-pixel 109 is powered on by a normal voltage when the blue sub-pixel 110 is in a normal light emitting state, the normal voltage ranges from 0 v to 4 v, the color of the light emitted by the second green sub-pixel 109 is green, and the second green sub-pixel 109 can compensate the light emitted by the first green sub-pixel 108; when the luminance of the blue sub-pixel 110 is lower than the normal value, a switching voltage (greater than 4 v) is applied to the second green sub-pixel 109, so that the polarity of the host material corresponding to the second green sub-pixel 109 changes, thereby converting the color of the light emitted from the second green sub-pixel 109 in the original pixel matrix from green to blue, and at this time, the second green sub-pixel 109 can compensate the emission of the blue sub-pixel 110, thereby achieving the efficiency and the service life of the blue light compensation material, even prolonging the service life of the whole device, after the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel 109 is converted from green light to blue light, a voltage which is the same as the voltage of the blue sub-pixel 110 is applied to the second green sub-pixel 109, and at this time, the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel 109 is blue, and at this time, the range of the working voltage of the second green sub-pixel 109 is not limited.
In one embodiment, the second green sub-pixel 109 is not operated, i.e. does not emit light, when the blue sub-pixel 110 is in a normal light emitting state; when the luminance of the blue sub-pixel 110 is lower than the normal value, a switching voltage (greater than 4 v) is applied to the second green sub-pixel 109, so that the polarity of the host material corresponding to the second green sub-pixel 109 changes, thereby converting the color of the light emitted from the second green sub-pixel 109 in the original pixel matrix from green to blue, and at this time, the second green sub-pixel 109 can compensate the emission of the blue sub-pixel 110, thereby achieving the efficiency and the service life of the blue light compensation material, even prolonging the service life of the whole device, after the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel 109 is converted from green light to blue light, a voltage which is the same as the voltage of the blue sub-pixel 110 is applied to the second green sub-pixel 109, and at this time, the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel 109 is blue, and at this time, the range of the working voltage of the second green sub-pixel 109 is not limited.
In one embodiment, the light emitting material of the first green sub-pixel 108 is a fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material; the light emitting material of the second green sub-pixel 109 is a thermally activated delayed fluorescence material with a lyotropic color change.
As shown in fig. 2, a sub-pixel structure schematic diagram of an OLED display panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention is provided, where at least one pixel of the OLED display panel includes:
a red subpixel 201;
a green sub-pixel comprising a first green sub-pixel 202 and a second green sub-pixel 203;
a blue subpixel 204;
the second green sub-pixel 203 and the blue sub-pixel 204 are disposed adjacent to each other, and under a preset condition, the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel 203 is converted from green light to blue light.
Wherein the first green sub-pixel 202 is located between the red sub-pixel 201 and the blue sub-pixel 204, and the second green sub-pixel 203 is located between two adjacent rows of the blue sub-pixels 204 and the blue sub-pixels 205; the light emitting area of the second green sub-pixel 203 is smaller than the light emitting area of the blue sub-pixel 204.
It should be noted that the red sub-pixel 201, the first green sub-pixel 202, the second green sub-pixel 203, and the blue sub-pixel 204 are controlled by different data lines.
The preset condition is a state that the light emitting luminance of the blue sub-pixel 204 is lower than a normal value, the light emitting luminance of the blue sub-pixel 205 is lower than a normal value, or the light emitting luminance of the blue sub-pixel 204 and the light emitting luminance of the blue sub-pixel 205 are lower than normal values, and the red sub-pixel 201, the first green sub-pixel 202, and the second green sub-pixel 203 can still emit light normally.
In an embodiment, by using a field-induced lyotropic discoloration effect, when the light emission luminance of the blue sub-pixel 204 is lower than a normal value, the light emission luminance of the blue sub-pixel 205 is lower than a normal value, or the light emission luminance of both the blue sub-pixel 204 and the blue sub-pixel 205 is lower than a normal value, a conversion voltage is applied to the second green sub-pixel 203, so that the polarity of the host material corresponding to the second green sub-pixel 203 changes, and further the light emission color of the second green sub-pixel 203 in the original pixel matrix is converted from green light to blue light, and the process of converting the light emission color of the second green sub-pixel 203 from green light to blue light is irreversible, and the conversion voltage ranges from 4 volts to 8 volts.
In one embodiment, the second green sub-pixel 203 is powered on by a normal voltage when the blue sub-pixel 204 and the blue sub-pixel 205 are both in a normal light emitting state, the normal voltage ranges from 0 volt to 4 volts, the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel 203 is green, and the second green sub-pixel 203 can compensate the first green sub-pixel 202 to emit light; when the luminance of the blue sub-pixel 204 is lower than a normal value, or the luminance of the blue sub-pixel 205 is lower than a normal value, or the luminance of both the blue sub-pixel 204 and the blue sub-pixel 205 is lower than a normal value, a conversion voltage (greater than 4 v) is applied to the second green sub-pixel 203, so that the polarity of the main body material corresponding to the second green sub-pixel 203 changes, and further the color of the light emitted from the second green sub-pixel 203 in the original pixel matrix is converted from green light to blue light, at this time, the second green sub-pixel 203 can compensate the luminance of the blue sub-pixel, and further the efficiency and the lifetime of the blue light material are compensated, and even the service life of the whole device is improved, after the color of the light emitted from the second green sub-pixel 203 is converted from green light to blue light, the second green sub-pixel 203 is supplied with a voltage the same as the voltage of the blue sub-pixel 204 or the blue sub-pixel 205, at this time, the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel 203 is blue, and the range of the operating voltage of the second green sub-pixel 203 is not limited.
In one embodiment, the second green sub-pixel 203 does not operate, i.e. does not emit light, when both the blue sub-pixel 204 and the blue sub-pixel 205 are in a normal light emitting state; when the luminance of the blue sub-pixel 204 is lower than a normal value, or the luminance of the blue sub-pixel 205 is lower than a normal value, or the luminance of both the blue sub-pixel 204 and the blue sub-pixel 205 is lower than a normal value, a conversion voltage (greater than 4 v) is applied to the second green sub-pixel 203, so that the polarity of the main body material corresponding to the second green sub-pixel 203 changes, and further the color of the light emitted from the second green sub-pixel 203 in the original pixel matrix is converted from green light to blue light, at this time, the second green sub-pixel 203 can compensate the luminance of the blue sub-pixel, and further the efficiency and the lifetime of the blue light material are compensated, and even the service life of the whole device is improved, after the color of the light emitted from the second green sub-pixel 203 is converted from green light to blue light, the second green sub-pixel 203 is supplied with a voltage the same as the voltage of the blue sub-pixel 204 or the blue sub-pixel 205, at this time, the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel 203 is blue, and the range of the operating voltage of the second green sub-pixel 203 is not limited.
In one embodiment, the light emitting material of the first green sub-pixel 202 is a fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material; the light emitting material of the second green sub-pixel 203 is a thermally activated delayed fluorescence material with a lyotropic color change.
As shown in fig. 3, a basic structure diagram of an OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the components and the relative position relationship between the components can be seen from the diagram, where the display device includes a display panel 301 and a driving chip, the driving chip includes a gate driving chip 302 and a source driving chip 303, the gate driving chip 302 provides a scan signal to the display panel through a scan line 304, and the source driving chip 303 provides a data signal to the display panel through a data line 305; the driving chip is used for judging whether preset conditions are met or not, and if yes, the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel is converted from green light to blue light.
In one embodiment, the driving chip is configured to obtain the luminance of the blue sub-pixel, and determine whether the luminance of the blue sub-pixel is smaller than a threshold, and if so, the preset condition is met; the driving chip is used for providing conversion voltage for the second green sub-pixel so as to convert the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel from green light to blue light.
Specifically, the preset condition is a state where the luminance of the blue sub-pixel is less than a threshold value and the red sub-pixel, the first green sub-pixel, and the second green sub-pixel can still emit light normally.
In one embodiment, when the luminance of the blue sub-pixel is less than the threshold value, a switching voltage is applied to the second green sub-pixel by using a field-induced lyotropic color-changing effect, so that the polarity of the main body material corresponding to the second green sub-pixel is changed, and further the light-emitting color of the second green sub-pixel in the original pixel matrix is converted from green light to blue light, and the process of converting the light-emitting color of the second green sub-pixel from green light to blue light is irreversible, and the range of the switching voltage is 4 v to 8 v.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of an OLED display panel, which comprises the following steps:
providing a substrate, wherein the material of the substrate can be organic material, such as polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate and the like, or inorganic material, such as glass, hard coating and the like;
depositing a pixel electrode on the substrate by using a physical deposition method, wherein the pixel electrode is used for providing a hole, and the material of the pixel electrode can be indium tin oxide or zinc oxide;
preparing a hole transport layer on the pixel electrode by using an evaporation or ink-jet printing method, wherein the hole transport layer has high hole transport capacity, low HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) energy level, high glass transition temperature and the like;
preparing a luminescent material layer on the hole transport layer by using an evaporation or ink-jet printing method, wherein the luminescent material layer adopts a host-guest structure, namely the same guest luminescent material is doped with different host materials to form the luminescent material layer;
preparing an electron transport layer on the luminescent material layer by using an evaporation or ink-jet printing method, wherein the electron transport layer has high electron mobility, high glass transition temperature, good film forming capability and the like, and the electron transport layer can be made of aluminum oxide;
and preparing a common electrode on the electron transmission layer by using an evaporation method, wherein the common electrode is used for providing electrons, and the material of the common electrode can be aluminum or magnesium-silver alloy.
In summary, in the OLED display panel provided in the embodiments of the present invention, by using the red sub-pixel, the first green sub-pixel, the second green sub-pixel, and the blue sub-pixel arranged in an array, when the light emitting efficiency or lifetime of the blue sub-pixel is attenuated to below the normal range, and the red sub-pixel, the first green sub-pixel, and the second green sub-pixel can still work normally, a conversion voltage is applied to the second green sub-pixel, so that the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel is irreversibly converted from green to blue, the effect of compensating for the attenuation of the blue sub-pixel is achieved, the lifetime of the OLED display device is increased, and the technical effect of prolonging the product lifetime is achieved, thereby solving the problem that the OLED display panel in the prior art adopts a red, green, and blue sub-pixel juxtaposition method to achieve color display, because the light emitting efficiency and lifetime of a blue light material are worse than those of a red light material and a green light material, the luminous efficiency and the service life of the OLED display device are reduced, and the technical problem of insufficient product performance is caused.
The OLED display panel and the OLED display device provided in the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that the exemplary embodiments described herein should be considered merely illustrative for facilitating understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas, and not restrictive.
Claims (10)
1. An OLED display panel, wherein at least one pixel thereof comprises:
a red sub-pixel;
a green sub-pixel including a first green sub-pixel and a second green sub-pixel;
a blue sub-pixel;
the second green sub-pixel is adjacent to the blue sub-pixel, and the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel is converted from green light to blue light under a preset condition.
2. The OLED display panel of claim 1, wherein the first green subpixel and the second green subpixel are each located between the red subpixel and the blue subpixel.
3. The OLED display panel of claim 2, wherein a light emitting area of the first green sub-pixel is larger than a light emitting area of the second green sub-pixel.
4. The OLED display panel of claim 1, wherein the first green sub-pixel is located between the red and blue sub-pixels, and the second green sub-pixel is located between two adjacent rows of blue sub-pixels.
5. The OLED display panel of claim 4, wherein a light emitting area of the second green sub-pixel is smaller than a light emitting area of the blue sub-pixel.
6. The OLED display panel of claim 1, wherein the light emitting material of the first green sub-pixel is a fluorescent material or a phosphorescent material.
7. The OLED display panel of claim 6, wherein the light emitting material of the second green sub-pixel is a thermally activated delayed fluorescence material with a lyotropic color change.
8. An OLED display device, comprising:
the OLED display panel of any one of claims 1 to 7;
and the driving chip is used for judging whether preset conditions are met or not, and if so, converting the light emitting color of the second green sub-pixel from green light to blue light.
9. The OLED display device according to claim 8, wherein the driving chip is configured to obtain an emission luminance of a blue sub-pixel, and determine whether the emission luminance of the blue sub-pixel is smaller than a threshold, and if so, the preset condition is satisfied.
10. The OLED display device claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the driving chip is configured to provide a switching voltage to the second green sub-pixel to convert the color of the light emitted from the second green sub-pixel from green to blue.
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Address after: 9-2 Tangming Avenue, Guangming New District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 9-2 Tangming Avenue, Guangming New District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20200228 |