CN110853798A - Energy-saving lead - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of power equipment, and in particular relates to an energy-saving wire, comprising an inner-core built-in optical fiber, an inner layer, a middle layer, an outer layer and an insulating layer wound with inner and outer threads. The aluminum alloy cores are twisted together to form, the inner layer is formed by twelve hard aluminum wires surrounding the core with built-in optical fibers, the middle layer is formed by twelve hard aluminum wires surrounding the inner layer, and the outer layer is Fourteen pieces of hard aluminum are arranged around the middle layer, which increases the conductive cross section of the wire, reduces the overall DC resistance value of the wire, and does not have the hysteresis eddy current loss of the steel core, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving.

Description

An energy-saving wire

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of power equipment, and in particular relates to an energy-saving wire.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's economy, my country's power industry has made rapid progress, and the construction of long-distance and large-capacity transmission lines is imperative. At the same time, it also puts forward more moderate requirements for overhead transmission lines. The wire used is basically still the traditional steel-cored aluminum stranded wire. Due to its relatively weak heat resistance, the transmission capacity of the line is limited to a certain extent. As a decision to increase the transmission capacity, there are mainly two ways to solve it, one is to increase the transmission voltage, and the other is to increase the transmission current. Under the premise of a certain voltage, in order to achieve high-efficiency, low-consumption transmission power is a scientific and technological worker, The common goal pursued by the manufacturing plant and the power sector.

At present, most of the cables and conductors used in China are steel-cored aluminum stranded wires and steel-cored high-strength aluminum alloy conductors. These conductors are heavy in weight and have high resistance, which leads to high transmission costs and low operating temperature, which cannot be adapted to high temperature. Therefore, power transmission has become the "bottleneck" of the development of the power industry, and countries are studying new types of overhead cable conductors to replace traditional steel-cored aluminum stranded conductors. Aluminum alloy core aluminum stranded wire has lower resistance, larger power transmission capacity, light weight and medium strength than ordinary steel core aluminum stranded wire of the same specification. Based on these advantages, the use of high-strength aluminum alloy wire is increasing year by year. However, the use of high-strength aluminum alloy wires also has certain problems in strength, which cannot meet the current long-distance, high-energy-efficiency power transmission needs.

The patent with the publication number of CN206574504U discloses a super-large cross-section medium-strength aluminum alloy energy-saving wire, which includes a wire core built-in optical fiber spirally wound from the inside to the outside, an inner layer, a collar inner layer, a middle layer, an adjacent outer layer, and an outer layer. Strength aluminum alloy wire, the built-in optical fiber in the core is 1 medium-strength aluminum alloy; the inner layer is 6 medium-strength aluminum alloy wires; the adjacent inner layer is 12 medium-strength aluminum alloy wires; the middle layer is It is 18 medium-strength aluminum alloy wires; the adjacent outer layer is 24 medium-strength aluminum alloy wires; the outer layer is 30 medium-strength aluminum alloy wires, and the 91 medium-strength aluminum alloy wires are twisted into a cylindrical shape, The total cross-section of the 91 medium-strength aluminum alloy wires is 1646.70mm³. The wires do not have additional reinforcing elements such as steel cores. , energy-efficient power transmission needs.

Patent Publication No. 207381166 U discloses a high-strength energy-saving wire, comprising a plurality of high-strength aluminum-magnesium alloy cores, the plurality of high-strength aluminum-magnesium alloy cores are stranded together to form a central strand, and further includes a center strand arranged in the center The energy-saving high-strength aluminum alloy wire layers are concentrically twisted together around the strands; the energy-saving high-strength aluminum alloy wire layers are composed of three layers of high-strength aluminum alloy wires, wherein the high-strength aluminum The diameters of the alloy wires are different, and the diameters increase sequentially from the inside to the outside; an insulating layer is arranged on the periphery of the energy-saving high-strength aluminum alloy wire layer, and the insulating layer includes a shielding layer and an insulating layer arranged in sequence; The steel core wire has a certain energy-saving effect, but its conductive cross-section has a considerable development space compared with the same cross-section, and the overall DC resistance value of the wire is reduced, and the energy-saving effect is average.

In addition, the communication function cannot be realized in the existing energy-saving wire, and another communication line needs to be set up to meet the communication function, resulting in repeated wiring.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving wire with good energy-saving effect in view of the existing problems in the prior art. loss, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

The technical scheme of the present invention is:

An energy-saving wire, comprising a rod core layer, an inner layer, a middle layer, an outer layer and an outer insulating layer wound with inner and outer threads, the rod core layer is composed of several high-strength aluminum alloy cores twisted together, and the The core layer has a plurality of built-in high-temperature resistant optical fibers, the inner layer is set with twelve hard aluminum wires surrounding the built-in optical fibers in the core, and the middle layer is set with twelve hard aluminum wires surrounding the inner layer. The outer layer is fourteen hard aluminum surrounding the middle layer.

Specifically, the rod core layer includes a built-in high-temperature-resistant optical fiber in the center, six high-strength aluminum alloy core layers 1 concentrically twisted around the high-temperature-resistant optical fiber, and the high-strength aluminum alloy core layer 1 is provided outside. There are twelve high-strength aluminum alloy cores stranded concentrically with it.

Specifically, the rod core layer includes a built-in high temperature resistant optical fiber located in the center and six outer high temperature resistant optical fibers concentrically twisted around the high temperature resistant optical fiber.

Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the hard aluminum wire of the intermediate layer is one of a circle, a special shape or a trapezoid.

Specifically, when the cross-sectional shape of the duralumin wire in the middle layer is circular, the diameter of the duralumin wire in the inner layer is smaller than the diameter of the duralumin wire in the middle layer. The diameter is smaller than the diameter of the outer duralumin wire.

Specifically, the electrical conductivity of the high-strength aluminum alloy core used in the core rod layer is 52.5% or 53% IACS.

Specifically, the conductivity of the hard aluminum wire used in the inner layer is 61% IACS.

Specifically, the conductivity of the hard aluminum wire used in the intermediate layer is 61% IACS.

Specifically, the conductivity of the hard aluminum wire used in the outer layer is 63% IACS.

Transmission line losses are mainly composed of corona losses and resistive losses. With corona losses being essentially the same, transmission line losses are determined by the DC resistance of the conductors. In AC transmission, there is still a small amount of hysteresis loss caused by the steel core, and this part of the loss only accounts for 2%-5% of the loss of the transmission line. Therefore, the magnitude of the DC resistance of the wire determines the amount of loss in the transmission line.

In the formula, Q is the resistance loss, KW·h; I is the transmission current, A; t is the number of hours of load loss, h; R is the total line resistance, Ω.

In the formula; N is the number of wire splits; m is a constant, 1 for single-stage DC line, 2 for bipolar, 3 for single-circuit AC line, and 6 for double-circuit; r is the DC resistance per kilometer of a single wire, Ω /km; L is the length of a single wire of the line, km.

The above analysis shows that the DC resistance r of a single wire is inversely proportional to the resistance loss Q. Therefore reducing the DC resistance of the wire will reduce losses. Under the condition of equal outer diameter, the smaller the DC resistance, the better the energy saving effect.

For power wires, it is used to transmit and distribute electric energy. It is often used in urban underground power grids, outgoing lines of power stations, and internal power supply lines in industrial and mining enterprises. Its basic structure consists of wire cores, insulating layers, shielding layers and protective layers. It is composed of four parts. The main subject of people's research and consideration on power conductors is energy saving, and the purpose of energy saving is achieved through different ideas.

For communication cables, it is mainly used for the transmission of data and other electrical signals. It is formed by twisting more than one pair of mutually insulated wires, similar to ropes. Each group of wires is insulated from each other and often twisted around a center. , The whole outer surface is covered with a highly insulating covering layer, which is mostly erected in the air or installed in the ground or underwater. It is used for telecommunication, power transmission and distribution of electric energy or transmission of electrical signals. The difference between it and ordinary wires is that the cable size is relatively large and the structure is relatively small. It is complex, not suitable for long-distance overhead, and the cost is high, the construction and maintenance are more troublesome, and the manufacturing is more complicated. At the same time, the communication cable has the advantages of large communication capacity, high transmission stability, good confidentiality, and is less affected by natural conditions and external interference.

At present, the power system generally uses cables to connect conduction and communication. The cables are usually twisted by several or several groups of wires (at least two in each group). Considering the energy saving of the wires, no one has added the communication function to the Therefore, in the power industry, the general idea is to separate the function of the wire from the communication function, that is, to set up two wires, one for the wire and the other for the optical fiber. This kind of setting cannot make full use of the utilization rate of the transmission channel in the use of overhead lines, and its transmission capacity needs to be improved, which increases investment and increases the use of land resources for new lines, and does not take advantage of the development trend of energy conservation and environmental protection of the State Grid.

The beneficial effect of the invention is that it comprises a core built-in optical fiber, an inner layer, a middle layer, an outer layer and an insulating layer wound with inner and outer threads, and the core built-in optical fiber is formed by twisting together several high-strength aluminum alloy cores , the inner layer is set with twelve hard aluminum wires surrounding the core with built-in optical fibers, the middle layer is set with twelve hard aluminum wires surrounding the inner layer, and the outer layer is surrounded by fourteen hard aluminum wires The middle layer is set, except for the built-in optical fiber in the core. The high-strength aluminum alloy core of 52.5% or 53% IACS is used to replace the steel core and part of the aluminum wire in the ordinary steel-cored aluminum stranded wire. The highest conductivity of the outermost aluminum wire is 63%IACS. Under the application conditions of equal total cross-section, since the 9% IACS steel core with basically no electrical conductivity is replaced by the aluminum alloy core, the DC resistance of the aluminum alloy core aluminum stranded wire is smaller than that of the ordinary steel core aluminum stranded wire, and there is no steel core. Hysteresis eddy current loss, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving. Compared with ordinary steel-cored aluminum stranded wires, the energy-saving wires provided by the invention can reduce the loss of transmission lines by about 5%, and the energy-saving effect is remarkable. The project investment increased by the use of energy-saving wires can be recovered in three to five years. Still save investment.

The invention adds a core layer with built-in optical fiber in the middle of the energy-saving wire to increase the communication function into the energy-saving wire, and can use the established overhead line transmission channel to transmit data information, so as to improve the utilization rate of the overhead line transmission channel; It can improve the transmission capacity of overhead transmission lines, reduce the number of new lines, save land resources and investment, and realize communication functions while saving energy and conducting electricity.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy-saving wire provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy-saving wire provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

1 core layer, 2 inner layer, 3 middle layer, 4 outer layer, 5 insulating layer, 6 high temperature resistant fiber, 7 high strength aluminum alloy core layer one, 8 high strength aluminum alloy core two, 9 layers high temperature resistant fiber.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an energy-saving wire provided in this embodiment includes a core layer 1, an inner layer 2, a middle layer 3, an outer layer 4, and an outer insulating layer 5 wound with inner and outer threads. The rod core layer 1 is composed of several high-strength aluminum alloy cores twisted together, the rod core layer 1 has multiple built-in high-temperature-resistant optical fibers, and the inner layer 2 is twelve hard aluminum wires surrounding the core with built-in optical fibers 1. The middle layer 3 is formed by twelve hard aluminum wires surrounding the inner layer 2, and the outer layer 4 is formed by fourteen hard aluminum wires surrounding the middle layer 3.

The middle layer 3 is a set of twelve hard aluminum wires with a conductivity of 61% IACS surrounding the inner layer 2, the cross-sectional shape of the hard aluminum wires in the middle layer 3 is a circle, and the outer layer 4 has a conductivity of 61%. Fourteen duralumin of 63% IACS are set around the middle layer 3. The diameter of the duralumin wire of the inner layer 2 is smaller than the diameter of the duralumin wire of the middle layer 3 , and the diameter of the duralumin wire of the middle layer 3 is smaller than the diameter of the duralumin wire of the outer layer 4 . The conductivity of the hard aluminum wire used in the inner layer 2 is 61% IACS.

The rod core layer 1 includes a built-in high-temperature-resistant optical fiber 6 in the center, six high-strength aluminum alloy core layers 1 7 concentrically twisted on the periphery of the high-temperature-resistant optical fiber 6, and a high-strength aluminum alloy core layer 1 7. The outer side is provided with twelve high-strength aluminum alloy cores 8 concentrically twisted therewith. The rod core layer 1 includes a built-in high temperature resistant optical fiber 6 located in the center and six outer high temperature resistant optical fibers concentrically twisted around the high temperature resistant optical fiber. The electrical conductivity of the high-strength aluminum alloy core used in the rod core layer 1 is 52.5% or 53% IACS.

Through the calculation and analysis of electromagnetic field, radio interference, and audible noise, in AC and DC lines of different voltage levels, the outer diameter, single wire shape, twisting method, surface finish of the wire provided in this embodiment are different from those of ordinary steel-core aluminum stranded conductors. The lines are the same, and under the same engineering conditions, that is, the parameters such as the number of splits, the distance between the splits, the phase sequence arrangement, the current, and the meteorological conditions are the same.

The multi-layer energy-saving and high-strength aluminum alloy wires on the periphery of the built-in core optical fiber 1 described in this embodiment are twisted together according to the diameter from small to large. Compared with ordinary aluminum wires, the electrical conductivity is also improved. The energy saving effect is outstanding.

The annual growth of transmission lines is about 60,000 kilometers. If 20% of the lines use energy-saving conductors, the annual energy saving is about 240 million KW·h. Calculated based on the electricity price of 0.56 yuan/(KW·h), the annual saving is 134 million yuan. The whole life cycle The internal economic benefits are very impressive and calculated; in addition, every 1KW·h of electricity saved can reduce 0.997kg of carbon dioxide emissions. Calculated by saving 240 million KW·h annually, the annual carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by 239,000 tons. The policy of energy saving and emission reduction has formed a good effect and has great development prospects.

Example 2

The cross-sectional shape of the hard aluminum wire of the intermediate layer 3 provided in this embodiment is a trapezoid. Compared with the circular cross-section, the trapezoidal cross-sectional area is larger, the electrical conductivity is improved, the effect is more significant, and the line loss is reduced by about 7%, more than At the same time, the insulating layer can also play the role of insulation and shielding to prevent electromagnetic interference and leakage.

The aluminum alloy core aluminum stranded wire provided by this embodiment has low loss, and its DC resistance is 3% smaller than that of the steel core aluminum stranded wire, and at the same time, it can avoid the power loss caused by the hysteresis loss and the eddy current loss, and save energy and reduce the consumption of the transmission line. It has a positive meaning; it has a large transmission capacity and has both mechanical and wire performance, so the transmission capacity is improved compared with the steel core aluminum stranded wire, which can enhance the scalability of the line; it can effectively avoid the aluminum wire of the steel core aluminum stranded wire. The problem of galvanic corrosion between the galvanized steel wires increases the operating life of the wires and improves the service life of the wires; for the profiled wires, it has the effect of slowing down the icing to a certain extent.

Finally it should be noted that: the above embodiment is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it; Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand: The specific embodiments of the invention are modified or some technical features are equivalently replaced; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, all of them should be included in the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An energy-saving wire, characterized in that it comprises a core layer (1), an inner layer (2), an intermediate layer (3), an outer layer (4) and an outer insulating layer (5) wound with an inner and outer thread, The rod core layer (1) is composed of several high-strength aluminum alloy cores twisted together, the rod core layer (1) has a plurality of built-in high-temperature-resistant optical fibers, and the inner layer (2) is twelve The hard aluminum wires are arranged around the built-in optical fiber (1) of the core, the middle layer (3) is arranged by twelve hard aluminium wires surrounding the inner layer (2), and the outer layer (4) is fourteen hard aluminium wires. Aluminium surrounds the middle layer (3) set. 2. The energy-saving wire according to claim 1, wherein the core layer (1) comprises a built-in high temperature resistant optical fiber (6) located in the center, and six concentrically twisted high temperature resistant optical fibers (6) The outer high-strength aluminum alloy core layer one (7) is provided with twelve high-strength aluminum alloy cores two (8) concentrically twisted with the outer side of the high-strength aluminum alloy core layer one (7). 3. The energy-saving wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the core layer (1) comprises a built-in high temperature resistant optical fiber (6) located in the center and six concentrically twisted outside the outer periphery of the high temperature resistant optical fiber. High temperature fiber. 4 . The energy-saving wire according to claim 1 , wherein the cross-sectional shape of the hard aluminum wire of the intermediate layer ( 3 ) is one of a circle, a special shape, or a trapezoid. 5 . 5. The energy-saving wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, when the cross-sectional shape of the hard aluminum wire of the intermediate layer (3) is a circle, the diameter of the hard aluminum wire of the inner layer (2) is smaller than The diameter of the duralumin wire in the intermediate layer (3) is smaller than the diameter of the duralumin wire in the outer layer (4). 6 . The energy-saving wire according to claim 1 , wherein the electrical conductivity of the high-strength aluminum alloy core used in the rod core layer ( 1 ) is 52.5% or 53% IACS. 7 . 7 . The energy-saving wire according to claim 1 , wherein the conductivity of the duralumin wire used in the intermediate layer ( 3 ) is 61% IACS. 8 . 8. The energy-saving wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductivity of the duralumin wire used in the outer layer (4) is 63% IACS.

Images