CN110828999B - Dual-frequency dual-polarization two-unit MIMO antenna based on composite left-handed transmission line structure - Google Patents
Dual-frequency dual-polarization two-unit MIMO antenna based on composite left-handed transmission line structure Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
一种基于复合左右手传输线结构的双频双极化二单元MIMO天线，包括两个相对独立的第一天线单元和第二天线单元，第二天线单元的结构与第一天线单元相同，并且两个天线单元关于矩形介质板长边的中轴线呈镜像对称布置。通过在微带馈电单极子天线末端加载一个由电容C和电感L构成的复合左右手传输线结构，将天线变为一个双频双极化天线。在此基础上，将上述单元天线布置于一块矩形介质基板两侧，构成一个二单元MIMO天线，因为极化方向不同，两个单元天线间端口耦合系数较小。本发明能够在多个不同频点上谐振，端口的隔离度较高，适应于一个集成系统中多种不同功能数据的通信。
A dual-frequency dual-polarization two-unit MIMO antenna based on a composite left-handed transmission line structure, comprising two relatively independent first antenna units and second antenna units, the structure of the second antenna unit is the same as that of the first antenna unit, and two The antenna units are arranged in mirror symmetry with respect to the central axis of the long side of the rectangular dielectric plate. By loading a composite left and right-handed transmission line structure composed of capacitor C and inductor L at the end of the microstrip fed monopole antenna, the antenna is transformed into a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna. On this basis, the above-mentioned unit antennas are arranged on both sides of a rectangular dielectric substrate to form a two-unit MIMO antenna. Because of the different polarization directions, the port coupling coefficient between the two unit antennas is small. The invention can resonate at a plurality of different frequency points, the isolation degree of the port is high, and is suitable for the communication of data of various different functions in an integrated system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a planar two-unit MIMO antenna structure, in particular to a dual-frequency dual-polarization two-unit MIMO antenna based on a composite left-right-hand transmission line structure, which can analyze and realize linear polarization and circular polarization in two different frequency bands.
Background
Since the eighties of the last century, especially after the twenty-first century, wireless communication technology has seen unprecedented rapid growth worldwide, and mobile communication networks are rapidly updating from 2G, 3G technologies to the 4G, 5G technologies of today. The wireless mobile intelligent terminal is not a mobile phone in the traditional sense at all, a single voice service is gradually replaced by a data service based on a multimedia service, and video communication, mobile shopping and game entertainment are new important functions of the intelligent terminal. 5G wireless mobile communication is popularized, and if 4G changes the life of people to a certain extent, 5G will not only subvert the life style of people, but also change the social production style more importantly. Wireless communication is becoming more and more dense with people's modern life, and people put higher and higher demands on transmission rate and data capacity.
In a wireless communication system, an antenna is an essential important component, and the design technology of the antenna is continuously advanced and improved along with the development of the system, for example, multiband, broadband, multi-polarization, miniaturization, low profile, convenience for system integration, and the like of the antenna are development trends and must be considered by related personnel in the process of designing the antenna. The multi-frequency of the antenna can simultaneously cover a plurality of frequency bands, and the antenna which works in a plurality of different frequency bands is replaced in a limited arrangement space, so that the dual-frequency and multi-frequency integration characteristics of the antenna are necessarily the development direction of the communication industry; the dual polarization or multi-polarization of the antenna can reduce the multipath fading phenomenon in the transmission of the receiving and transmitting signals, obtain two independent paths of signals and improve the transmission capacity and the signal quality of a channel.
The planar antenna is a low-profile antenna structure, can easily realize different polarization forms such as circular polarization, elliptical polarization and the like, and can be easily integrated with other circuits in a PCB (printed Circuit Board), which is one of important reasons why the planar antenna can be widely applied to intelligent mobile equipment. The mimo (Multiple Input and Multiple output) technology is a novel intelligent antenna technology, which makes full use of the spatial dimension information of the communication system, expands the application of the traditional Shannon (Shannon) theory, provides a new idea of the application of the array antenna, and focuses more on space-time joint processing. Through the space-time two-dimensional or even space-time-frequency three-dimensional joint design and optimized coding and modulation at the receiving end and the transmitting end, the system can greatly improve the capacity and the communication reliability of a communication link.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of insufficient resonance frequency points and different polarization forms at different frequency points of a monopole antenna in the prior art, and provides a double-frequency dual-polarization two-unit MIMO antenna based on a composite left-right-hand transmission line structure, which can resonate at a plurality of different frequency points, has higher port isolation and is suitable for communication of a plurality of different functional data in an integrated system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention has the following technical scheme:
a dual-frequency dual-polarization two-unit MIMO antenna based on a composite left-right hand transmission line structure comprises a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit which are relatively independent, the two antenna units share a same rectangular dielectric plate and a same rectangular metal grounding plate, and the rectangular metal grounding plate is a metal structure printed at the edge of the lower surface of the rectangular dielectric plate; on the upper surface of the rectangular dielectric slab, the first antenna unit comprises a first feeding rectangular patch, one short side of the first feeding rectangular patch is overlapped with the lower edge of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, and a first horizontal wire rectangular patch and a first parallel plate capacitor patch which are sequentially connected to the tail end of the first feeding rectangular patch; the first lower surface rectangular metal patch forms a polar plate of a first parallel plate capacitor patch, and the first horizontal lead rectangular patch, the second horizontal lead rectangular patch and the first vertical lead rectangular patch form a lead inductor; the second antenna unit is the same as the first antenna unit in structure, and the two antenna units are arranged in mirror symmetry with respect to the central axis of the long side of the rectangular dielectric plate.
Preferably, the rectangular dielectric plate has a length 3 to 4 times the width, is made of FR4, has a dielectric constant of 4.4 +/-1% and a damage tangent of 0.02 +/-1%.
Preferably, the length of the rectangular metal grounding plate is 15-18 times of the width of the rectangular metal grounding plate.
Preferably, the length of the long side of the first feeding rectangular patch is 6-8 times of the length of the narrow side, the first feeding rectangular patch penetrates through the rectangular metal ground plate, and the narrow side of the first feeding rectangular patch is overlapped with the surface edge of the rectangular dielectric plate.
Preferably, the narrow side of the first vertical conductor rectangular patch is overlapped with the inner side edge of the rectangular metal grounding plate.
Preferably, the first lower surface rectangular metal patch and the first parallel plate capacitor patch have the same size.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the composite left-right hand transmission line consisting of the parallel plate capacitor patches and the grounding wire is loaded at the tail end of the microstrip-fed monopole antenna, so that not only are the resonance frequency points of the monopole antenna increased, but also the polarization form of the antenna is completely different from that of the original antenna at the increased resonance frequency points, and a single-frequency monopole antenna is changed into a double-frequency dual-polarization monopole antenna. Two monopole antennas loaded with composite left-right hand transmission lines are distributed on a rectangular medium substrate and share the same metal grounding plate to form a two-unit monopole MIMO antenna, and due to different polarization characteristics, the two-unit monopole MIMO antenna has high port isolation and can completely meet the requirements of practical application. In addition, the antenna has low manufacturing cost, is easy to process, can be produced in batches and has higher practical application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a dual-band dual-polarized two-element MIMO antenna structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a dual-band dual-polarized two-element MIMO antenna structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a dual-band dual-polarized two-element MIMO antenna structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the dual-band dual-polarized two-element MIMO antenna structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing frequency variation of scattering parameters of a dual-frequency dual-polarized two-element MIMO antenna port according to the present invention;
in the figure, the curve a represents the frequency variation of the number of antenna unit port reflection coefficient (S11/S22), (the two unit antenna structures are completely the same, taking one as an example), and the curve b represents the frequency variation of the port transmission coefficient (S12/S21) between the antenna unit ports;
fig. 6 is a graph of the axial ratio of the dual-frequency dual-polarization two-element MIMO antenna of the present invention, which is perpendicular to the plane, as a function of frequency.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to solve the limitation of a single-frequency antenna and the defect of single polarization mode, the resonant frequency and the polarization mode of the antenna are increased, the composite left-right hand transmission line structure formed by a capacitor C and an inductor L is loaded at the tail end of a microstrip feed monopole antenna, and the antenna is changed into a double-frequency dual-polarization antenna. On the basis, the unit antennas are arranged on two sides of a rectangular medium substrate to form a two-unit MIMO antenna, and because the polarization directions are different, the port coupling coefficient between the two unit antennas is small.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the dual-frequency dual-polarized two-element MIMO antenna based on the composite left-right-hand transmission line structure of the present invention is composed of a rectangular dielectric substrate 10 with a certain thickness, a rectangular metal ground plate 11, and two antenna elements loaded with the composite left-right-hand transmission line structure. The two antenna units are respectively composed of a first feeding rectangular patch 12, a second feeding rectangular patch 22, a first horizontal wire rectangular patch 13, a second horizontal wire rectangular patch 15, a third horizontal wire rectangular patch 23, a fourth horizontal wire rectangular patch 25, a first vertical wire rectangular patch 16, a second vertical wire rectangular patch 26, a first parallel plate capacitor patch 14, a first lower surface rectangular metal patch 17, a second parallel plate capacitor patch 24 and a second lower surface rectangular metal patch 27. The two antenna elements are arranged in mirror symmetry about the central axis of the long side of the rectangular dielectric plate 10.
The manufacturing process of the dual-frequency dual-polarization two-unit MIMO antenna structure comprises the following steps:
a rectangular metal grounding plate 11 is printed near the lower edge of the lower surface of an FR4 dielectric substrate 10 with a certain thickness, the length of the grounding plate is the same as that of the dielectric substrate, and the width of the grounding plate is about one fifth of the width of the dielectric substrate. Printing a first feeding rectangular patch 12 at the lower edge of the right side of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 10, wherein one short side of the first feeding rectangular patch 12 is overlapped with the lower edge of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 10. The first feeding rectangular patch 12 has a long side approximately equal to half of a short side of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate. And printing a first horizontal wire rectangular patch 13 at the other end of the first feeding rectangular patch 12, wherein the width of the first horizontal wire rectangular patch 13 is the same as that of the first feeding rectangular patch 12, the long side of the first horizontal wire rectangular patch is parallel to the lower edge of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 10, and the length of the first horizontal wire rectangular patch is approximately equal to one seventh of the length of the lower edge of the dielectric substrate. The left side of the first horizontal wire rectangular patch 13 is printed with a first parallel plate capacitor patch 14, the width of the first parallel plate capacitor patch 14 is about equal to the horizontal length of the first horizontal wire rectangular patch 13, and the vertical length is about equal to half of the width of the short side of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 10. A first lower surface rectangular metal patch 17 identical to the first parallel plate capacitor patch 14 is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 10 at the same horizontal position as the first parallel plate capacitor patch 14. A second horizontal wire rectangular patch 15 with the width and the width similar to those of the first horizontal wire rectangular patch 13 is printed at the center of the left boundary of the first lower surface rectangular metal patch 17, a first vertical wire rectangular patch 16 is printed at the left end of the second horizontal wire rectangular patch 15 on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 10, one end of the first vertical wire rectangular patch 16 is connected with the second horizontal wire rectangular patch 15, and the other end is connected with the rectangular metal grounding plate 11 on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 10. The first rectangular patch of vertical conductors 16 has the same width as the second rectangular patch of horizontal conductors 15.
The rectangular dielectric substrate 10, the rectangular metal ground plate 11, the feeding rectangular patch, the horizontal wire rectangular patch, the lower surface rectangular metal patch and the vertical wire rectangular patch form the whole structure of the antenna unit.
The connection between the rectangular feed patch and the edge of the dielectric substrate 10 is the excitation port of the antenna unit.
Examples
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, an FR4 dielectric board with a thickness of 1.6 + -2% mm, a length of 25 + -5% mm and a width of 72 + -5% mm is selected as the rectangular dielectric substrate of the two-element MIMO antenna. And printing a rectangular metal patch with the length same as that of the lower edge of the dielectric substrate, 72 +/-5% mm and the width of 5 +/-2% mm by adopting a circuit board printing technology near the lower edge of the lower surface of the rectangular dielectric substrate. Printing a rectangular metal arm with the length of 10 +/-5% mm and the width of 2 +/-2% mm at the position of 1 +/-2% mm on the right side of a connecting line of central points of two horizontal edges of the lower surface of the rectangular dielectric substrate, and connecting the lower edge of the rectangular metal patch with the upper edge of a rectangular metal base plate. At the other end of the rectangular metal arm, a horizontal rectangular metal arm is printed, the length is 6 +/-2% mm, the width is 2 +/-2% mm, the left end of the horizontal rectangular metal arm is connected with the vertical rectangular metal arm, a rectangular metal patch is printed at the right end of the horizontal rectangular metal arm, the length in the vertical direction is 13 +/-5% mm, and the horizontal width is 10 +/-5% mm. The right end of the horizontal rectangular metal arm is connected with the middle point of the left side edge of the rectangular metal patch. And printing a rectangular metal patch which has the same geometric size with the rectangular metal patch on the upper surface of the rectangular dielectric substrate at the position which is completely the same as the horizontal position of the rectangular metal patch on the lower surface of the rectangular dielectric substrate. A horizontal metal arm is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate on the right side of the rectangular metal patch, the length of the horizontal metal arm is 10 +/-5% mm, and the width of the horizontal metal arm is 2 +/-2% mm. The left end of the horizontal rectangular metal arm is connected with the center of the edge of the right end of the rectangular metal patch. The right end of the rectangular metal arm is used as a boundary, a vertical metal patch is printed on the lower portion of the rectangular metal arm, the length of the vertical metal patch is 13 +/-5% mm, and the width of the vertical metal patch is 2 +/-2% mm. The lower end of the vertical metal patch is superposed with the lower edge of the rectangular dielectric substrate to form a feed excitation port of the antenna unit. All the structures of the unit antenna are printed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the right half area of the rectangular dielectric substrate, namely in the range of (36 +/-5%) mm to (25 +/-5%) mm on the right side. In the left half area of the rectangular dielectric substrate, except for the grounding plate on the lower surface, no other metal structure exists. And a circuit board printing technology is adopted in the left area, the structures in the printed and antenna units are in mirror symmetry, and the symmetry axis is a connecting line of the midpoints of two long sides of the rectangular dielectric substrate.
A three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software HFSS is adopted to carry out simulation analysis and optimization on the two-unit MIMO antenna designed by the invention. The parameters obtained from the optimal results analysis are shown in fig. 5 and 6. As can be seen from the figure, the two-unit monopole MIMO antenna designed by the invention can develop resonance on two different frequency points, wherein the two frequency points are 2.05 +/-5% GHz-2.36 +/-5% GHz and 5.35 +/-5% GHz-5.97 +/-5% GHz, and the relative bandwidths are respectively (14.1 +/-0.2)%, (11.0 +/-0.1)%. Furthermore, it can be seen that the antenna has an axial ratio of less than 3 + -5% dB in the range of 5.28 + -5% GHz to 5.74 + -5% GHz, i.e. the polarization form of the antenna is circular polarization in the upward direction perpendicular to the plane of the antenna in the frequency band. Simulation analysis shows that each unit antenna of the MIMO antenna can resonate at two different frequency points, the antenna polarization forms are linear polarization and circular polarization at the two different resonant frequency points, and the transmission coefficient between the two unit antenna ports of the MIMO antenna can meet the requirement of an MIMO system. In a word, the two-unit MIMO antenna designed by the invention is a high-isolation double-frequency dual-polarization antenna system with excellent performance, and can be applied to various intelligent systems to complete transmission tasks of different data.
Claims (6)
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| CN111641028B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2022-08-12 | 东莞职业技术学院 | Dual-polarized antenna structure and wireless communication device thereof |
| CN112002997A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-27 | 中山大学 | A compact three-element dual-polarized multiple-input multiple-output antenna for 5G |
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| KR101093365B1 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2011-12-14 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | ＭｌＭＯ / Ｄｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ Built-in Antenna Unit |
| CN102800943A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-11-28 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Dual-polarized antenna and MIMO (multiple input multiple output) antenna with same |
| WO2013000069A1 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-03 | Sierra Wireless, Inc. | Compact antenna system having folded dipole and/or monopole |
| CN102683837B (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2014-04-16 | 天津大学 | Dual-frequency microstrip patch antenna based on combined left/right hand transmission wire |
| CN202855894U (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2013-04-03 | 桂林电子科技大学 | High isolation double unit MIMO array antenna |
| CN203103510U (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-07-31 | 东莞宇龙通信科技有限公司 | MIMO antenna device and communication terminal with MIMO antenna device |
| US10270170B2 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2019-04-23 | QuantalRF AG | Compound loop antenna system with isolation frequency agility |
| CN104538731A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-04-22 | 电子科技大学 | Multi-frequency high-isolation MIMO antenna |
| US10367268B2 (en) * | 2015-02-19 | 2019-07-30 | Denki Kogyo Company, Limited | Leaky-wave antenna |
| TWI593167B (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-07-21 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Antenna array |
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Effective date of registration: 20221009 Address after: No. 34, Science and Innovation Incubation Base, Excellence Innovation Valley, Second Floor, Geological Construction Complex, Chengxi Road, Yulin Hi tech Industrial Park, Shaanxi 719054 Patentee after: Yulin Yibo Chuanneng Network Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.4 Chongwen Road, Yuyang District, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province Patentee before: YULIN University |