CN110823975A - Device and method for measuring corrosion parameters of metal material by polarization method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种采用极化法测量金属材料腐蚀参数的装置及方法，涉及金属材料腐蚀参数测定技术领域。本发明包括检测装置、稳压电源、电压控制模块、电流采集模块、信号转换模块、计算机；所述检测装置包括恒温装置、研究电极、辅助电极；研究电极和辅助电极置于恒温装置中；所述研究电极与电压控制模块相连接；辅助电极与电流采集模块相连接；电压控制模块与电流采集模块相连接，电流采集模块与信号转换模块相连接，信号转换模块与计算机相连接；稳压电源分别与电压控制模块、电流采集模块、信号转换模块相连接。本装置制造简便，测量简便，可以同时对多个试件进行极化，对多个试件的腐蚀参数进行测量。
The invention provides a device and method for measuring corrosion parameters of metal materials by using a polarization method, and relates to the technical field of corrosion parameter determination of metal materials. The invention includes a detection device, a regulated power supply, a voltage control module, a current acquisition module, a signal conversion module, and a computer; the detection device includes a constant temperature device, a research electrode, and an auxiliary electrode; the research electrode and the auxiliary electrode are placed in the constant temperature device; The research electrode is connected with the voltage control module; the auxiliary electrode is connected with the current acquisition module; the voltage control module is connected with the current acquisition module, the current acquisition module is connected with the signal conversion module, and the signal conversion module is connected with the computer; They are respectively connected with the voltage control module, the current acquisition module and the signal conversion module. The device is simple to manufacture and simple to measure, and can simultaneously polarize a plurality of test pieces and measure the corrosion parameters of the plurality of test pieces.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及金属材料腐蚀参数测定技术领域，尤其涉及一种采用极化法测量金属材料腐蚀参数的装置及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of metal material corrosion parameter measurement, in particular to a device and method for measuring metal material corrosion parameters by using a polarization method.
背景技术Background technique
在工程实践中常常需要考虑金属材料的腐蚀，金属材料的腐蚀参数是研究金属腐蚀时最重要的参数。现阶段对金属的腐蚀参数进行的方法主要有失重法——单位时间内测定金属材料腐蚀失去的质量和腐蚀坑法——单位时间内观察金属材料表面的腐蚀坑的数量、深度以及极化法——利用电化学方法对金属材料的腐蚀参数进行实时测定的一种方法；Corrosion of metal materials often needs to be considered in engineering practice, and the corrosion parameters of metal materials are the most important parameters when studying metal corrosion. At this stage, the methods of metal corrosion parameters mainly include weight loss method - determination of the mass lost by corrosion of metal materials per unit time and corrosion pit method - observation of the number and depth of corrosion pits on the surface of metal materials per unit time and polarization method - a method for the real-time determination of corrosion parameters of metallic materials by electrochemical methods;
由于部分金属材料不容易腐蚀，采用失重法或者腐蚀坑法对金属材料的腐蚀参数进行测定，需要较长的实验试件，且测得的腐蚀参数为一段时间内的平均腐蚀参数，不能快速并实时的得到金属材料的腐蚀参数。而极化法为电化学测定方法，当金属材料发生电化学腐蚀时此法可以快速准确并能得到金属材料实时腐蚀参数。不仅如此，传统的极化法测定金属材料的腐蚀参数时每进行一次测量只能对一个金属试样进行测量。测定效率低且不能保证每次测量时的金属材料所处的实验条件完全一致。Since some metal materials are not easy to corrode, the weight loss method or the corrosion pit method is used to measure the corrosion parameters of metal materials, which requires a long experimental specimen, and the measured corrosion parameters are the average corrosion parameters over a period of time, which cannot be quickly determined. Corrosion parameters of metal materials are obtained in real time. The polarization method is an electrochemical measurement method. When the metal material is electrochemically corroded, this method can be fast and accurate and can obtain the real-time corrosion parameters of the metal material. Not only that, when the traditional polarization method is used to determine the corrosion parameters of metal materials, only one metal sample can be measured for each measurement. The measurement efficiency is low and it cannot be guaranteed that the experimental conditions of the metal materials are exactly the same for each measurement.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明要解决的技术问题是针对上述现有技术的不足，提供一种采用极化法测量金属材料腐蚀参数的装置及方法，本装置制造简便，测量简便，可以同时对多个试件进行极化，对多个试件的腐蚀参数进行测量。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to aim at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and to provide a device and method for measuring corrosion parameters of metal materials by using a polarization method. The corrosion parameters of multiple specimens were measured.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采取的技术方案是：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is:
一方面，本发明提供一种采用极化法测量金属材料腐蚀参数的装置，包括检测装置、稳压电源、电压控制模块、电流采集模块、信号转换模块、计算机；In one aspect, the present invention provides a device for measuring corrosion parameters of metal materials by a polarization method, including a detection device, a regulated power supply, a voltage control module, a current acquisition module, a signal conversion module, and a computer;
所述检测装置包括恒温装置、研究电极、辅助电极；所述研究电极和辅助电极置于恒温装置中；所述研究电极与电压控制模块相连接；所述辅助电极与电流采集模块相连接；所述电压控制模块与电流采集模块相连接，电流采集模块的输出端与信号转换模块的输入端相连接，信号转换模块的输出端与计算机的输入端连接；The detection device includes a constant temperature device, a research electrode, and an auxiliary electrode; the research electrode and the auxiliary electrode are placed in the constant temperature device; the research electrode is connected with the voltage control module; the auxiliary electrode is connected with the current acquisition module; The voltage control module is connected with the current acquisition module, the output end of the current acquisition module is connected with the input end of the signal conversion module, and the output end of the signal conversion module is connected with the input end of the computer;
所述稳压电源的输出端分别与电压控制模块的输入端、电流采集模块的输入端、信号转换模块的输入端相连接。The output end of the regulated power supply is respectively connected with the input end of the voltage control module, the input end of the current acquisition module and the input end of the signal conversion module.
所述检测装置内能够根据实验需要同时设置n个研究电极和n个辅助电极。In the detection device, n research electrodes and n auxiliary electrodes can be set simultaneously according to experimental requirements.
所述恒温装置内能够储存液体，并保持液体温度恒定。The thermostat can store liquid and keep the temperature of the liquid constant.
另一方面，本发明提供一种采用极化法测量金属材料腐蚀参数的方法，采用一种采用极化法测量金属材料腐蚀参数的装置实现，包括如下步骤：On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for measuring corrosion parameters of metal materials by using polarization method, which is realized by adopting a device for measuring corrosion parameters of metal materials by using polarization method, comprising the following steps:
步骤1：设置恒温装置中预设离子浓度溶液温度，将研究电极和辅助电极置于恒温装置中，保持研究电极在恒温下发生腐蚀；Step 1: Set the temperature of the preset ion concentration solution in the constant temperature device, place the research electrode and the auxiliary electrode in the constant temperature device, and keep the research electrode to corrode at a constant temperature;
步骤2：设置电压控制模块的输出电压，使研究电极在该电压下进行极化，研究电极发生腐蚀转移的电子形成的电流通过辅助电极流入电流采集模块；Step 2: Set the output voltage of the voltage control module, so that the research electrode is polarized at this voltage, and the current formed by the electrons that corrode and transfer the research electrode flows into the current acquisition module through the auxiliary electrode;
步骤3：电流采集模块将采集到的电流通过信号转换模块进行转换后形成数字信号，并将该数字信号输出至计算机，计算机显示出研究电极的实时极化曲线，并储存该数据和实时极化曲线；在强极化区极化值对极化电流的对数可作直线，此直线即称为Tafel直线，由该直线的斜率分别求得阳极Tafel斜率ba和阴极Tafel斜率bc；阴、阳极Tafel直线的延长线的交点所对应的电流值为腐蚀电流密度icorr；Step 3: The current acquisition module converts the collected current through the signal conversion module to form a digital signal, and outputs the digital signal to the computer. The computer displays the real-time polarization curve of the research electrode, and stores the data and real-time polarization. Curve; in the strong polarization region, the logarithm of the polarization value to the polarization current can be a straight line, this straight line is called the Tafel straight line, and the anode Tafel slope b a and the cathode Tafel slope b c are obtained from the slope of the straight line; , the current value corresponding to the intersection of the extension line of the anode Tafel straight line is the corrosion current density i corr ;
步骤4：根据腐蚀电流密度icorr得出研究电极中金属的腐蚀速率，即腐蚀参数；具体公式如下：Step 4: According to the corrosion current density i corr , the corrosion rate of the metal in the study electrode is obtained, that is, the corrosion parameter; the specific formula is as follows:
式中，v失为腐蚀速率，mm/a；M为金属原子相对原子质量；I为腐蚀电流，A；n为金属失去电子数；S为金属电极工作面积，cm2；ρ为金属材料密度，g/cm2。In the formula, v is the corrosion rate, mm/a; M is the relative atomic mass of the metal atom; I is the corrosion current, A; n is the number of electrons lost by the metal; S is the working area of the metal electrode, cm 2 ; ρ is the density of the metal material , g/cm 2 .
采用上述技术方案所产生的有益效果在于：本发明提供的一种采用极化法测量金属材料腐蚀参数的装置及方法，本装置具备以下有益效果：The beneficial effects produced by the above technical solutions are: a device and method for measuring corrosion parameters of metal materials provided by a polarization method, the device has the following beneficial effects:
1、该装置采用分布式采集模块具有多个采集通道，因此可以同时对多个试件进行极化，对多个试件的腐蚀参数进行测量。在同时对多个试件进行采集的过程中可以有效提高采集效率，并能有效的避免由于多次测量的过程中腐蚀温度及溶液离子浓度发生变化的情况，使得对多个试件相对腐蚀性能测量更准确。1. The device adopts a distributed acquisition module with multiple acquisition channels, so it can simultaneously polarize multiple specimens and measure the corrosion parameters of multiple specimens. In the process of collecting multiple samples at the same time, the collection efficiency can be effectively improved, and the corrosion temperature and the ion concentration of the solution can be effectively avoided due to the change of the corrosion temperature and the ion concentration of the solution during the multiple measurements. Measurement is more accurate.
2、可多点同时测量的极化法测量金属材料腐蚀参数装置中的计算机采集程序不仅可以对极化法测得的数据进行储存，还可以对其数据进行读取，能够对测得的数据进行初步分析。2. The polarization method that can measure the corrosion parameters of metal materials at multiple points at the same time The computer acquisition program in the device can not only store the data measured by the polarization method, but also read the data. Do a preliminary analysis.
3、传统的极化法测金属材料的腐蚀参数需要使用电化学工作站，并使用三电极测量体系，本发明装置使用采集模块不仅能够更加可靠稳定的输出预定极化电压，还可以省略传统三电极测量体系中的参比电极，因此该装置还具有制造简便，测量简便的特点。3. The traditional polarization method to measure the corrosion parameters of metal materials needs to use an electrochemical workstation and a three-electrode measurement system. The use of the acquisition module in the device of the present invention can not only output the predetermined polarization voltage more reliably and stably, but also can omit the traditional three-electrode It is the reference electrode in the measurement system, so the device also has the characteristics of simple manufacture and simple measurement.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例提供的测量金属材料腐蚀参数的装置示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of a device for measuring corrosion parameters of metal materials according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的方法流程图；2 is a flowchart of a method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的计算机操作界面示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of a computer operation interface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例提供的检测装置示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
其中：1-恒温装置，2-辅助电极，3-研究电极，4-溶液。Among them: 1- thermostat, 2- auxiliary electrode, 3- research electrode, 4- solution.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
本实施例的方法如下所述。The method of this embodiment is as follows.
一方面，本发明提供一种采用极化法测量金属材料腐蚀参数的装置，如图1所示，包括检测装置、稳压电源、电压控制模块、电流采集模块、信号转换模块、计算机；In one aspect, the present invention provides a device for measuring corrosion parameters of metal materials using polarization method, as shown in FIG. 1 , including a detection device, a regulated power supply, a voltage control module, a current acquisition module, a signal conversion module, and a computer;
所述检测装置如图4所示，包括恒温装置1、研究电极3、辅助电极2；所述研究电极3和辅助电极2置于恒温装置1中；所述研究电极3与电压控制模块相连接；所述辅助电极2与电流采集模块相连接；所述电压控制模块4与电流采集模块相连接，电流采集模块的输出端与信号转换模块的输入端相连接，信号转换模块的输出端与计算机的输入端连接；The detection device, as shown in Figure 4, includes a
所述稳压电源的输出端分别与电压控制模块的输入端、电流采集模块的输入端、信号转换模块的输入端相连接。The output end of the regulated power supply is respectively connected with the input end of the voltage control module, the input end of the current acquisition module and the input end of the signal conversion module.
所述检测装置包括恒温装置1、研究电极3、辅助电极2；所述研究电极3和辅助电极2置于恒温装置1中；所述研究电极3与电压控制模块相连接；所述辅助电极2与电流采集模块相连接。The detection device includes a
所述检测装置内能够根据实验需要同时设置n个研究电极和n个辅助电极，使研究电极、辅助电极、电压控制模块、电流采集模块形成n个回路。In the detection device, n research electrodes and n auxiliary electrodes can be set at the same time according to experimental requirements, so that the research electrodes, auxiliary electrodes, voltage control module, and current acquisition module form n loops.
所述恒温装置1内能够储存液体，并保持液体温度恒定。The
本实施例中电压控制模块采用DAM3060V，用于输出恒定电压以确保在预定的电压区间内对金属进行极化；电流采集模块采用DAM3058R，用于采集金属发生电化学腐蚀转移的电子所形成的电流；上述两个模块都包括多个接口每个接口都可以对一个试件测量，因此该装置可以实现同时同条件下对多个试件的腐蚀参数进行采集。In this embodiment, the voltage control module adopts DAM3060V, which is used to output a constant voltage to ensure that the metal is polarized within a predetermined voltage range; the current acquisition module adopts DAM3058R, which is used to collect the current formed by the electrons transferred by the electrochemical corrosion of the metal. ; The above two modules both include multiple interfaces, each of which can measure one specimen, so the device can simultaneously collect corrosion parameters of multiple specimens under the same conditions.
所述恒温装置采用温度可调的恒温水浴箱，用于控制金属发生腐蚀时的腐蚀溶液温度；The constant temperature device adopts a constant temperature water bath box with adjustable temperature, which is used to control the temperature of the corrosion solution when the metal is corroded;
本装置中出现的电器元件均与外界的主控器及220V市电电连接，并且主控器可为计算机等起到控制的常规已知设备。The electrical components appearing in the device are all connected with the external main controller and 220V mains, and the main controller can be a conventional known device controlled by a computer or the like.
另一方面，本发明提供一种采用极化法测量金属材料腐蚀参数的方法，采用一种采用极化法测量金属材料腐蚀参数的装置实现，如图2所示，包括如下步骤：On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for measuring corrosion parameters of metal materials by using polarization method, which is realized by adopting a device for measuring corrosion parameters of metal materials by using polarization method, as shown in FIG. 2 , including the following steps:
步骤1：设置恒温装置1中预设离子浓度溶液温度，将研究电极3和辅助电极2置于恒温装置中，保持研究电极在恒温下发生腐蚀；Step 1: set the temperature of the preset ion concentration solution in the
步骤2：设置电压控制模块的输出电压，使研究电极3在该电压下进行极化，研究电极3发生腐蚀转移的电子形成的电流通过辅助电极2流入电流采集模块；Step 2: Set the output voltage of the voltage control module, so that the
步骤3：电流采集模块将采集到的电流通过信号转换模块进行转换后形成数字信号，并将该数字信号输出至计算机，计算机显示出研究电极3的实时极化曲线，并储存该数据和实时极化曲线。电流采集模块将采集到的电流通过信号转换模块进行转换后形成数字信号，并将该数字信号输出至计算机，计算机显示出研究电极的实时极化曲线，并储存该数据和实时极化曲线；在强极化区极化值对极化电流的对数可作直线，此直线即称为Tafel直线，由该直线的斜率分别求得阳极Tafel斜率ba和阴极Tafel斜率bc；阴、阳极Tafel直线的延长线的交点所对应的电流值为腐蚀电流密度icorr；Step 3: The current acquisition module converts the collected current through the signal conversion module to form a digital signal, and outputs the digital signal to the computer. The computer displays the real-time polarization curve of the
步骤4：根据腐蚀电流密度icorr得出研究电极中金属的腐蚀速率，即腐蚀参数；具体公式如下：Step 4: According to the corrosion current density i corr , the corrosion rate of the metal in the study electrode is obtained, that is, the corrosion parameter; the specific formula is as follows:
式中，v失为腐蚀速率，mm/a；M为金属原子相对原子质量；I为腐蚀电流，A；n为金属失去电子数；S为金属电极工作面积，cm2；ρ为金属材料密度，g/cm2。In the formula, v is the corrosion rate, mm/a; M is the relative atomic mass of the metal atom; I is the corrosion current, A; n is the number of electrons lost by the metal; S is the working area of the metal electrode, cm 2 ; ρ is the density of the metal material , g/cm 2 .
进一步的，计算机中程序为自主编程开发，如图3所示，可在主程序显示界面分为曲线显示设置区域、采集操作区域、采集文件操作区域、曲线实时显示区域；其中，曲线显示设置区域序用于对曲线显示类型进行选择；采集操作区域用于检查电路连接状况、采集模块传输状态、设置极化区间以及电压改变速率，查看整个测量系统的电路连接是否完整、良好，若连接良好即可进行极化测量；文件操作区用于采集得到的数据的储存以及读取；曲线实时显示区域用于实时显示极化曲线。Further, the program in the computer is developed by independent programming. As shown in Figure 3, the main program display interface can be divided into a curve display setting area, a collection operation area, a collection file operation area, and a curve real-time display area; wherein, the curve display setting area. The sequence is used to select the curve display type; the acquisition operation area is used to check the circuit connection status, the transmission status of the acquisition module, set the polarization interval and the voltage change rate, and check whether the circuit connection of the entire measurement system is complete and good. Polarization measurement can be performed; the file operation area is used to store and read the collected data; the real-time curve display area is used to display the polarization curve in real time.
综上所述，多点同时测量的极化法测量金属材料腐蚀参数装置，使用时，先将测量试件进行一定的预处理(抛光、侧面密封等)，预处理后的待测试件放入已经配置好一定浓度的恒温装置1中，接通稳压电源，单击计算机中的连接设备，系统提示设备连接良好后，单击计算机中的参数初始化按钮，设置待测试件的极化电压，极化电压设置好后单机单击计算机中的开始采集，进行极化数据采集，采集过程中可以单机暂停采集按钮，后续单机继续采集即可，采集程序提示采集结束后单击储存数据即可将采集数据进行储存，得到所需要的极化曲线数据。注意：在对试件进行极化测量的过程中试件与恒温装置中溶液接触面积要保持一定。To sum up, the multi-point simultaneous measurement polarization method is used to measure the corrosion parameters of metal materials. When using it, the measurement specimen is first subjected to a certain pretreatment (polishing, side sealing, etc.), and the pretreated specimen is placed in the In the
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明权利要求所限定的范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that it can still be The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments are modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
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