CN110820445A - Abrasive belt grinding type all-type steel rail grinding device and grinding method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an abrasive belt grinding type all-type rail grinding device and a grinding method thereof. The device comprises a frame, a power device, a transmission mechanism and a grinding mechanism. The grinding mechanism includes an abrasive belt and a contact wheel. Under the grinding pressure directly exerted by the contact wheel, the belts interact with the rail to remove rail material. The grinding method disclosed in the present invention is realized by the above-mentioned abrasive belt grinding type all-type rail grinding device, and the grinding mechanism carries out the profile of the rail along the vertical direction A, transverse direction B, longitudinal C and rotation direction D with the longitudinal direction C as the axis of the rail surface. Grinding movement, by changing the contact state between the abrasive belt and the rail along the rotation direction E along the rail surface with the vertical A as the axis, this method can be used to achieve 50kg/m, 60kg/m, 75kg/m and other positive line rails, fork cores, Defect removal and profile realization of rails and grooved rails in turnout areas such as tip rails. The invention has the advantages of high grinding efficiency, adaptability to various grinding conditions, and low cost of grinding tools.

Description

A kind of abrasive belt grinding type all-type rail grinding device and grinding method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail grinding, in particular to an abrasive belt grinding type all-type rail grinding device and a grinding method thereof.

Background technique

In recent years, with the rapid development of my country's rail transit industry, while the mileage of rail laying has increased year by year, diversified rail transit modes have shown a development trend that goes hand in hand, such as high-speed rail, ordinary rail, heavy-duty, light rail, subway, rail, etc. The turnout yard area and number of groups are also increasing. Repeated rolling of the wheelset for a long time will lead to various forms of diseases such as wavy wear, fat edge, falling block, fish scale pattern, joint collapse, etc. on the surface of the rail, especially the tip rail, fork core, and groove rail parts, replacement cost It is much higher than the main track, and if the disease in the turnout area is not dealt with in time, it will increase the risk of train derailment.

Grinding technology is recognized worldwide as the only effective method to remove rail diseases. At present, grinding wheels and milling cutters are mostly used to remove the material of the surface disease layer of the rail, repair the profile of the rail tread, prolong the service life of the rail, and reduce the maintenance cost of the rail. Among the two commonly used grinding methods at present, the milling method can only maintain the straight line of the rail, and the cutting amount is large, and the excessive material removal will shorten the overall life of the rail; Adapt to various grinding needs.

There are some limitations in the existing rail grinding methods, such as: (1) the grinding wheel and milling cutter cannot grind and maintain the switch core and pointed switch in the switch area, nor can the grooved rail be polished; (2) due to The grinding and maintenance of all types of rails cannot be completed by a single method, which makes the currently applied grinding methods overly dependent on the equipment form, resulting in a wide variety of equipment types, causing great inconvenience and burden to the use and maintenance of users; (3) Tool processing The performance directly affects the grinding quality. The two operating modes of grinding wheel and milling cutter are extremely demanding on the performance of the grinding tool, and the cost is very high, resulting in the consumption of grinding tools becoming a huge expense for rail maintenance operations.

Therefore, in order to overcome the application limitations of the existing grinding methods and solve the existing problems in rail grinding and maintenance operations, it is urgent to propose a device and a grinding method suitable for all types of rail grinding and maintenance needs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problems existing in the above background technology, the present invention proposes an abrasive belt grinding type all-type rail grinding device and a grinding method thereof, which have the advantages of strong adaptability, energy saving, environmental protection, low cost, etc., and can overcome the existing grinding device and Its grinding method has the disadvantage of over-reliance on equipment and its own performance, which can meet the needs of disease grinding of any type of rail transit rail and any position on the whole line.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

An abrasive belt grinding type all-type steel rail grinding device includes a frame, a power device, a transmission mechanism, and a grinding mechanism. The grinding mechanism includes an abrasive belt and a contact wheel, and the grinding mechanism is connected with the power through the transmission mechanism. The device is connected and erected on the frame, wherein the abrasive belt and the rail are subjected to mutual grinding action under the grinding pressure directly applied by the contact wheel to remove the rail material.

Further, the surface of the contact wheel is covered with a rubber layer of a certain thickness.

Further, the rubber layer on the surface of the contact wheel can be made into different forms such as intermittent groove type, concave type, and tooth groove type.

An abrasive belt grinding type all-type rail grinding method, which is realized by the above-mentioned abrasive belt grinding type all-type rail grinding device, comprising the following steps:

S1: the grinding mechanism carries out the profile grinding motion of the rail along the vertical direction A, the transverse direction B, the longitudinal direction C and the rotation direction D of the axis of the longitudinal direction C of the rail surface;

S2: the grinding mechanism changes the contact state between the abrasive belt and the rail by taking the vertical direction A as the axis of rotation E along the rail surface;

S3: According to the requirements of specific working conditions, the S1 and the S2 can independently or cooperatively complete the rail grinding work.

Further, when the method is used for grinding the grooved rail, the contact wheel profile matching the tread shape of the grooved rail and the mechanical structure required for the abrasive belt grinding operation matching the service conditions of the grooved rail are designed, Grinding the grooved rail tread is carried out by using the grinding feature of the abrasive belt peripheral surface.

Further, when the method is used for grinding the switch core and the pointed rail, according to the grinding requirements of the specific area of the switch group such as the switch core and the pointed rail, the elastic contact characteristic of the abrasive belt grinding system itself is used to adjust the abrasive belt. parameters such as abrasive, particle size, etc.; according to the spatial characteristics of specific areas of the switch group such as the switch core, the tip rail, etc., and use the grinding characteristics of the peripheral surface of the abrasive belt to reduce the width of the abrasive belt and the contact wheel and adjust the width of the belt and the contact wheel. Matching wheel train structure; adjust the thickness of the rubber layer of the contact wheel, and use the concave contact wheel to realize the grinding of the special position of the rail.

Further, this method can be used for profile grinding of 50kg/m, 60kg/m, 75kg/m and other main line rails and rails in turnout areas such as tip rails and switch cores.

It can be seen from the above technical solutions of the present invention that the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: (1) Abrasive belt grinding utilizes the advantages of peripheral surface grinding and its system with many adjustable parameters, and can complete the switch area and the positive line area. The removal of rail diseases can realize the grinding and maintenance of all types of rails such as I-shaped and grooved, and the efficiency is increased by 3 to 5 times compared with the existing grinding methods; (2) The abrasive belt grinding has the width of the abrasive belt and the contact wheel profile can be changed. It can be applied to various working conditions only by changing the abrasive belt gear train, which reduces the excessive dependence on the equipment of the original grinding method; (3) Due to the specific electrostatic sand planting process, the abrasive belt has elastic grinding , fast grinding, cold grinding and other advantages, the grinding operation process reduces the requirements for the performance of the abrasive belt itself, and the abrasive belt is easy to obtain and replace, which greatly reduces the tool consumption cost in rail maintenance, which is expected to be reduced by more than 70%. .

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. In addition, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from the following example drawings without creative efforts.

1 is a schematic diagram of a kind of application abrasive belt grinding type all-type rail grinding device for grinding provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a contact wheel form provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a groove rail grinding according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram of a fork core grinding provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a kind of sharp rail grinding schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical content of the present invention, the present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples. These examples are intended to further illustrate the advantages and features of the invention, not to limit the invention.

As shown in Fig. 1, an abrasive belt grinding type all-type rail grinding method is to use abrasive belt 1 to interact with rail 3 under grinding pressure to remove material, wherein contact wheel 2 directly applies pressure to abrasive belt 1 for grinding. The abrasive belt 1 and its gear train can realize vertical A, transverse B, longitudinal C linear motion along the surface of the rail, and can realize the rotary motion E and D around the A axis and the C axis.

The A, B, C, D and other motion forms of the abrasive belt and its gear train are set to adapt to different rail grinding target profiles, and the motion form E is to change the contact state between the abrasive belt and the rail, and to homogenize the sand. It is set with wear and easy to collect wear debris. During the actual grinding operation, the above-mentioned movements can be coordinated according to the requirements of specific working conditions.

As shown in Figure 2, the surface rubber layer in the form of the contact wheel can be made into different forms: intermittent groove type 2-1, concave type 2-2, tooth groove type 2-3, etc. The intermittent impact effect in the process of belt grinding enhances the self-sharpening ability of abrasive particles on the surface of the abrasive belt, maintains its sharpness, and improves the grinding efficiency of the abrasive belt; the change of the profile characteristics of the rubber layer can be used to adjust the contact pressure along the axial direction. The distribution pressure of the material removes the profile to achieve the grinding profile.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the application of the present invention to the grinding of the grooved rail 4 . The grooved rail tread can be ground by using the abrasive belt circumferential surface grinding method. At the same time, the contact wheel profile can be designed according to the shape of the grooved rail tread, and the abrasive belt grinding operation can be designed according to the service conditions of the grooved rail. The required mechanical structure overcomes the feature that the current grinding wheel and milling cutter cannot grind the groove rail.

4 and 5 are schematic diagrams showing the application of the present invention to the grinding of the fork core 5 and the tip rail 6 . The abrasive belt grinding type all-type rail grinding method can complete the disease removal and profile repair of the fork core and the pointed rail, and can adjust the abrasive, particle size and other parameters of the abrasive belt by using the elastic contact characteristics of the abrasive belt grinding system itself. In order to meet the grinding requirements of specific areas of the switch group such as the switch core 5 and the tip rail 6; by using the grinding characteristics of the abrasive belt peripheral surface, the width of the abrasive belt and the contact wheel can be reduced and the matching gear train structure can be adjusted to suit the switch The space limitation of core, tip rail and other parts; when the abrasive belt grinding method is used for the grinding of fork core and tip rail, the special position of the rail can be realized with the help of the concave 2-2 contact wheel feature, and the thickness of the rubber layer of the contact wheel can be adjusted. of grinding.

When the abrasive belt grinding method is used to achieve the grinding target profile, it can be used for profile grinding of main rails such as 50kg/m, 60kg/m, 75kg/m, and rails in turnout areas such as tip rails and switch cores. The above profile realization process takes full advantage of the many variables of the belt grinding method. Abrasive belt rail grinding is currently the only effective method that can achieve all types of rail profile grinding.

The above descriptions are only some examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. All modifications and improvements made to the above examples according to the technical essence of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a full type rail grinding device of abrasive band grinding formula which characterized in that: the steel rail grinding machine comprises a rack, a power device, a transmission mechanism and a grinding mechanism, wherein the grinding mechanism comprises an abrasive belt (1) and a contact wheel (2), the grinding mechanism is connected with the power device through the transmission mechanism and is erected on the rack, and the abrasive belt (1) and a steel rail (3) are subjected to mutual grinding action under grinding pressure directly applied by the contact wheel (2) to remove steel rail materials.

2. A belt-grinding type all-steel rail grinding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the surface of the contact wheel (2) is covered with a rubber layer with a certain thickness.

3. A belt-grinding type all-steel rail grinding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the surface rubber layer of the contact wheel (2) can be made into different forms such as an interrupted groove type (2-1), an inward concave type (2-2), a tooth groove type (2-3) and the like.

4. A method of grinding a full-type steel rail by belt grinding, which is carried out by the belt-grinding full-type steel rail grinding apparatus as claimed in claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:

s1, the grinding mechanism carries out the outline grinding movement of the steel rail along the vertical A, the transverse B, the longitudinal C and the rotating direction D taking the longitudinal C as the axis of the steel rail surface;

s2, the grinding mechanism changes the contact state between the abrasive belt and the steel rail through the rotation direction E which takes the vertical direction A as the axis along the surface of the steel rail;

s3, according to specific working condition requirements, the S1 and the S2 can independently or cooperatively finish the rail grinding work.

5. The method for grinding the full-type steel rail by the abrasive belt grinding according to claim 4, wherein when the method is used for grinding the groove-shaped rail (4), the contact wheel molded surface matched with the shape of the tread of the groove-shaped rail and a mechanical structure required by abrasive belt grinding operation matched with the service condition of the groove-shaped rail are designed, and the tread of the groove-shaped rail is ground by utilizing the peripheral surface grinding characteristics of the abrasive belt.

6. The method for grinding the full-type steel rail by the abrasive belt according to claim 4, wherein when the method is used for grinding the turnout core (5) and the switch rail (6), parameters such as abrasive material, granularity and the like of the abrasive belt are adjusted by utilizing the elastic contact characteristics of an abrasive belt grinding system according to the grinding requirements of specific areas of turnout groups such as the turnout core (5) and the switch rail (6); according to the spatial characteristics of specific areas of turnout groups such as the turnout core (5) and the switch rail (6), the peripheral surface grinding characteristics of the abrasive belt are utilized to reduce the widths of the abrasive belt and the contact wheel and adjust a gear train structure matched with the abrasive belt and the contact wheel; and adjusting the thickness of the rubber layer of the contact wheel (2), and polishing the special position of the steel rail by adopting the concave contact wheel (2-2).

7. A method for grinding all types of steel rails by belt grinding according to claims 4-6, characterized in that the method can be used for contour grinding of 50kg/m, 60kg/m, 75kg/m and other positive rails and switch rails, switch cores and other turnout zone rails.

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