CN110802996A - LNG air conditioner refrigerating system - Google Patents
LNG air conditioner refrigerating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110802996A CN110802996A CN201911270384.8A CN201911270384A CN110802996A CN 110802996 A CN110802996 A CN 110802996A CN 201911270384 A CN201911270384 A CN 201911270384A CN 110802996 A CN110802996 A CN 110802996A
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- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009349 indirect transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3202—Cooling devices using evaporation, i.e. not including a compressor, e.g. involving fuel or water evaporation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
- F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system, which comprises an LNG storage tank, a three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger, an air-conditioning refrigeration unit and a control unit, wherein the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger is connected with the LNG storage tank; the LNG storage tank is used for storing LNG; the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger comprises a shell, an upper heat exchanger and a lower heat exchanger, wherein a cavity is arranged in the shell, a coolant with gas-liquid conversion characteristics is arranged in the cavity, and the coolant comprises a gaseous phase coolant and a liquid phase coolant; the air-conditioning refrigeration unit comprises a fan coil heat exchange unit and a circulating pump, the lower heat exchanger, the coil heat exchanger and the circulating pump are communicated through a pipeline, and a refrigerant is arranged in the pipeline of the air-conditioning refrigeration unit; the fan coil heat exchange unit comprises a fan and a coil heat exchanger, and the fan is positioned on one side of the coil heat exchanger; the control unit is in control connection with the circulating pump and the fan. The invention adopts a three-medium heat exchange scheme, solves the problems of freezing of secondary refrigerant and poor heat exchange during double-medium heat exchange, and simultaneously has the function of cold storage air conditioning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of LNG air conditioner refrigeration, in particular to an LNG air conditioner refrigeration system.
Background
With the deep transformation of energy consumption structures in China, LNG is used as clean energy, and the LNG is greatly developed and widely applied to various fields by virtue of the advantages of high heat value, low price, small pollution after combustion, environmental friendliness and the like. As a fuel, LNG is safe, efficient, clean and pollution-free, and not only promotes the transformation of energy structures in China, but also effectively reduces the environmental pollution caused by the emission of combustion waste gas.
A large amount of cold energy is released in the vaporization process of LNG before combustion, and usually, the part of cold energy is directly discharged to the atmospheric environment, so that waste of the cold energy is caused. The conventional air conditioning and refrigerating system generally adopts a compressor as a core device of the refrigerating system, but the compressor requires certain economic cost and generates noise when working. The prior art also provides some air-conditioning refrigeration systems based on LNG, the refrigeration systems generally adopt a double-medium heat exchange scheme for directly exchanging heat between the secondary refrigerant and the LNG, and the refrigeration systems are easy to have the problems of secondary refrigerant freezing and poor heat exchange due to overlarge heat exchange temperature difference between the LNG and the secondary refrigerant, so that the safe and stable operation of the refrigeration systems cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to solve the problems of freezing of secondary refrigerant and poor heat exchange of an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system in the prior art, the invention provides an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system to solve the problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system comprises an LNG storage tank, a three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger, an air-conditioning refrigeration unit and a control unit;
the LNG storage tank is used for storing LNG;
the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger comprises a shell, an upper heat exchanger and a lower heat exchanger, wherein a cavity is arranged in the shell, a cold storage agent with gas-liquid conversion characteristic is arranged in the cavity, and the cold storage agent comprises a gaseous phase cold storage agent and a liquid phase cold storage agent; the upper heat exchanger is communicated with the LNG storage tank, is positioned in the accommodating cavity and is fully contacted with the gas-phase coolant; the lower heat exchanger is positioned in the accommodating cavity and is fully contacted with the liquid phase coolant;
the air-conditioning refrigeration unit comprises a fan coil heat exchange unit and a circulating pump, and the fan coil heat exchange unit comprises a fan and a coil heat exchanger; the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger is communicated with the outlet end of the lower heat exchanger through a pipeline, the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet end of the circulating pump, the outlet end of the circulating pump is connected with the inlet end of the lower heat exchanger, and secondary refrigerant is arranged in a loop formed by communicating the lower heat exchanger, the coil heat exchanger and the circulating pump;
the fan is positioned on one side of the coil heat exchanger, an air outlet is formed in the other side of the coil heat exchanger, and the blowing direction of the fan faces the coil heat exchanger; the control unit is in control connection with the circulating pump and the fan.
Preferably, the LNG storage tank further comprises a power unit, wherein the power unit is heat energy application equipment taking natural gas as fuel, the power unit is communicated with the LNG storage tank through a main medium pipeline, and a first manual stop valve is arranged at one end, close to the LNG storage tank, of the main medium pipeline;
the inlet end of the upper heat exchanger is communicated with the main medium pipeline through a cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe, the joint of the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe and the main medium pipeline is positioned between the first manual stop valve and the power unit, and a second manual stop valve is arranged on the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe;
the outlet end of the upper heat exchanger is communicated with the main medium pipeline through a cold accumulation pipeline outlet pipe, and the joint of the cold accumulation pipeline outlet pipe and the main medium pipeline is positioned between the joint of the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe and the main medium pipeline and the joint of the main medium pipeline and the power unit.
Preferably, the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger is provided with a first temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor and a safety valve, the first temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the liquid phase coolant, the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the pressure of the gas phase coolant, the liquid level sensor is used for measuring the liquid level height of the liquid phase coolant, and the safety valve is used for automatically tripping and releasing pressure when the pressure of the gas phase coolant exceeds the standard;
a second temperature sensor is arranged at the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger, a third temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger, and a fourth temperature sensor is arranged near the air outlet;
the control unit is communicated with the first temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the liquid level sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor.
Preferably, a first electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged on the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe and is positioned between the second manual stop valve and the inlet end of the upper heat exchanger;
a second electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged on the main medium pipeline and is positioned between the joint of the cold accumulation pipeline outlet pipe and the main medium pipeline and the joint of the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe and the main medium pipeline;
the control unit is in control connection with the first electromagnetic regulating valve and the second electromagnetic regulating valve;
and a third manual stop valve is arranged on a pipeline connected with the inlet end of the circulating pump, and a fourth manual stop valve is arranged on a pipeline connected with the outlet end of the circulating pump.
Preferably, the system further comprises a secondary refrigerant buffer tank, wherein the secondary refrigerant buffer tank is positioned between the third manual stop valve and the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the cold energy of the LNG is recycled to be used as a cold source of the air-conditioning refrigeration system, so that the waste of a large amount of cold energy caused by the vaporization of the LNG is avoided, a compressor which is a high-power consumption component and is necessary for the conventional vapor compression refrigeration cycle is eliminated, the fuel consumption and the exhaust emission of a power unit are reduced, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are remarkable.
(2) The LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system is innovative, the three-medium high-temperature-difference heat exchanger is used for recovering the cold energy of LNG, the high-temperature-difference heat exchange obstacle which cannot be broken through by the heat exchange of two mediums of LNG and secondary refrigerant is overcome, the problems of freezing and poor heat exchange of the secondary refrigerant during the heat exchange of the two mediums are solved, the stable and safe operation of the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system is ensured, the LNG cold-storage air-conditioning function is realized through the cold storage of the liquid-phase cold storage agent, the system efficiency is.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a process of LNG entering a power unit of an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cold accumulation process of the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a refrigeration process of the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system according to the present invention.
In the figure, 101, an LNG storage tank, 102, a first manual stop valve, 103, a main medium pipeline, 104, a second electromagnetic regulating valve, 105, a power unit, 201, a three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger, 202, a liquid phase coolant, 203, a gas phase coolant, 204, a shell, 205, a pressure sensor, 206, a first temperature sensor, 207, a safety valve, 208, a liquid level sensor, 301, a cooling space, 302, a lower heat exchanger, 303, a coil inlet pipe, 304, a fan coil heat exchange unit, 305, a coil outlet pipe, 306, a coolant buffer tank, 307, a coolant pipeline, 308, a third manual stop valve, 309, a circulating pump, 310, a fourth manual stop valve, 311, a third temperature sensor, 312, a second temperature sensor, 313, a fourth temperature sensor, 314, a fan, 315, a coil heat exchanger, 316, a heat exchange fin, 317, a coolant, 401, a cold storage pipeline inlet pipe, 402. the system comprises a second manual stop valve 403, a first electromagnetic regulating valve 404, an upper heat exchanger 405, a cold accumulation pipeline outlet pipe 501 and a control unit.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system, which includes a three-medium two-stage heat exchange system, an LNG pipeline system, an air-conditioning refrigeration unit, a monitoring system, an LNG storage tank 101, a power unit 105, and a control unit 501.
The LNG piping system includes a main medium piping 103, a cold storage piping inlet pipe 401, and a cold storage piping outlet pipe 405.
The main medium pipeline 103 is used for communicating the LNG storage tank 101 with the power unit 105, one end of the main medium pipeline 103 is connected with the LNG storage tank 101, the other end is connected with the power unit 105, and one end of the main medium pipeline 103 close to the LNG storage tank 101 is provided with a first manual stop valve 102. The LNG storage tank 101 is a container for storing LNG, the power unit 105 is a thermal energy application device using natural gas as fuel, and LNG can enter the power unit 105 from the main medium pipeline 103 only after the first manual shutoff valve 102 is opened.
During the LNG entering the power unit 105, as shown in fig. 2, the first manual stop valve 102 is first opened, and the LNG flows out from the LNG storage tank 101 to the main medium pipeline 103, and then enters the power unit 105 for combustion work. When the LNG storage tank 101 needs to be replaced or maintained, an operator needs to close the first manual stop valve 102 and then replace or maintain the LNG storage tank 101.
The three-medium two-stage heat exchange system comprises a three-medium high-temperature-difference heat exchanger 201 and a coolant, wherein the three-medium high-temperature-difference heat exchanger 201 comprises a shell 204, an upper heat exchanger 404 and a lower heat exchanger 302.
The upper heat exchanger 404 is connected in parallel to the main medium pipeline 103 via a cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401 and a cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405. The inlet end of the upper heat exchanger 404 is communicated with the main medium pipeline 103 through a cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401, and the outlet end of the upper heat exchanger 404 is communicated with the main medium pipeline 103 through a cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405. The connection of the cold storage conduit inlet pipe 401 to the main medium conduit 103 is located between the first manual shutoff valve 102 and the power unit 105, and the connection of the cold storage conduit outlet pipe 405 to the main medium conduit 103 is located between the connection of the cold storage conduit inlet pipe 401 to the main medium conduit 103 and the power unit 105. When the first manual shutoff valve 102 is opened, LNG enters the main medium line 103 from the LNG tank 101, and enters the upper heat exchanger 404 from the cold storage line inlet pipe 401.
In the present embodiment, the second manual cut-off valve 402 is provided on the cold storage conduit inlet pipe 401. LNG air conditioning refrigeration systems typically only operate when the weather is hot. When the operation of the air conditioner is not needed in winter or for a long time, the second manual stop valve 402 can be manually closed, the LNG stops entering the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe 401, and the LNG enters the power unit 105 through the main medium pipeline 103 only for combustion power supply.
The housing 204 is provided with a cavity therein, and the coolant is located in the cavity. The coolant has gas-liquid conversion characteristics and includes a gas phase coolant 203 in a gaseous state and a liquid phase coolant 202 in a liquid state. The gas phase coolant 203 and the liquid phase coolant 202 are two existing forms of coolant, and the freezing temperature of the coolant is lower than the temperature of LNG in the LNG storage tank 101, namely the coolant cannot be frozen due to the absorption of the cold energy of the LNG under any condition; the high-temperature-resistant and low-pressure-resistant liquefied gas has high liquefaction temperature and low liquefaction pressure, namely, when the liquefied gas is kept at high temperature (such as 50 ℃), the pressure in the containing cavity is not too high (such as 1 MPa); the heat transfer coefficient is high in both gas state and liquid state, and the latent heat of vaporization is large. In the chamber, the gas phase coolant 203 is located above the liquid phase coolant 202.
Both upper heat exchanger 404 and lower heat exchanger 302 are located within a cavity inside housing 204, with upper heat exchanger 404 located above lower heat exchanger 302. The upper heat exchanger 404 is in sufficient contact with the vapor phase coolant 203, and LNG is present in the upper heat exchanger 404. The lower heat exchanger 302 is in full contact with the liquid phase coolant 202, and a coolant 317 is present in the lower heat exchanger 302.
In the cavity, the temperature of the gas phase coolant 203 is higher than that of the liquid phase coolant 202, the gas phase coolant 203 can be liquefied into the liquid phase coolant 202 by absorbing the LNG cold, and the liquid phase coolant 202 can be vaporized into the gas phase coolant 203 by absorbing the heat.
In the cold accumulation process of the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system, the second manual stop valve 402 is firstly opened, the other part of LNG flowing out of the LNG storage tank 101 enters the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe 401 to flow into the upper heat exchanger 404 and exchanges heat with the gas phase cold accumulation agent 203 in the upper heat exchanger 404, the gas phase cold accumulation agent 203 fully contacted with the upper heat exchanger 404 absorbs the cold energy of the LNG to be liquefied, and the liquefied gas phase cold accumulation agent 203 flows back to the liquid phase cold accumulation agent 202 by means of gravity to realize cold accumulation. The LNG after absorbing heat is vaporized in the upper heat exchanger 404, and the vaporized LNG enters the main medium pipeline 103 again through the cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405, and then enters the power unit 105 for combustion.
The refrigeration systems based on LNG used in the prior art all employ a double-medium single-stage heat exchange scheme in which LNG and coolant 317 directly exchange heat. Due to the fact that the temperature of the LNG is low (such as-150 ℃ or even lower), the heat exchange temperature difference between the LNG and the secondary refrigerant 317 is large (100-120 ℃), and the secondary refrigerant 317 is inevitably condensed due to too low temperature during heat exchange, so that pipelines of the heat exchanger are blocked.
In the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201, the gas phase coolant 203 absorbs the LNG cold energy and is continuously liquefied, the pressure in the containing cavity is gradually reduced, when the pressure is lower than the evaporation pressure of the liquid phase coolant 202, the evaporation of the liquid phase coolant 202 is accelerated, and the steps are repeated in this way, so that the indirect transmission and storage of the cold energy are realized. When the first temperature sensor 206 monitors that the temperature of the liquid phase coolant 202 is close to the freezing temperature (such as-60 ℃) of the coolant 317, the control system 501 adjusts the first electromagnetic adjusting valve 403 on the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe 401 to control the flow of the LNG entering the upper heat exchanger 404, so as to realize the control of the cold input of the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201. Due to the fact that the mass and specific heat capacity of the liquid-phase coolant 202 in the three-medium high-temperature-difference heat exchanger 201 are large, the problem that the temperature of the liquid-phase coolant 202 is too low due to the fact that LNG flow control precision is low and LNG retained in the upper heat exchanger 404 and the cold accumulation pipeline outlet pipe 405 continues to supply cold after the first electromagnetic adjusting valve 403 is closed is effectively avoided, the freezing problem of the secondary refrigerant 317 is further solved, and the high-temperature-difference heat exchange obstacle which cannot be broken through by double-medium heat exchange of the LNG and the secondary refrigerant 317 is overcome.
The air conditioning refrigeration unit includes a coolant line 307, a circulation pump 309, a fan coil heat exchange unit 304, and a coolant surge tank 306. The coolant pipeline 307, the circulating pump 309, the lower heat exchanger 302, the fan coil heat exchange unit 304 and the coolant buffer tank 306 are communicated through pipelines, and a coolant 317 is arranged in the pipeline of the air-conditioning refrigeration unit.
Fan-coil heat exchange unit 304 includes fan 314, coil heat exchanger 315, and heat exchange fins 306. The inlet end of the coil heat exchanger 315 is in communication with the outlet end of the lower heat exchanger 302 via a coil inlet tube 303, the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger 315 is in communication with the inlet end of the coolant surge tank 306 via a coil outlet tube 305, the outlet end of the coolant surge tank 306 is in communication with the inlet end of the circulation pump 309 via a coolant line 307, and the outlet end of the circulation pump 309 is in communication with the inlet end of the lower heat exchanger 302 via a pipe.
The fan 314 is arranged on one side of the coil heat exchanger 315, an air outlet is arranged on the other side of the coil heat exchanger 315, and the blowing direction of the fan 314 faces the coil heat exchanger 315.
The secondary refrigerant buffer tank 306 is used for temporarily storing the secondary refrigerant 317 in the air-conditioning refrigeration unit, and compensating the volume fluctuation of the secondary refrigerant 317 caused by the temperature change of the secondary refrigerant 317, so as to ensure the stable operation of the air-conditioning refrigeration unit.
When the air-conditioning refrigeration unit works, the control unit 501 controls the fan 314 and the circulating pump 309 to be started, the secondary refrigerant 317 circularly flows in the air-conditioning refrigeration unit under the action of the circulating pump 309, the secondary refrigerant 317 absorbs cold energy of the liquid-phase coolant 202 in the lower heat exchanger 302, the temperature of the secondary refrigerant 317 is reduced and then flows into the coil heat exchanger 315, the fan 314 forces air in the cooling space 301 to flow through the coil heat exchanger 315 and the heat exchange fins 316 for heat exchange, the air absorbs the cold energy of the secondary refrigerant 317, the temperature is reduced, the air is blown out from the air outlet, and the cooling space 301 is cooled. The control unit 501 is in control connection with the fan 314 and the circulation pump 309 and is capable of controlling the fan 314 and the circulation pump 309 to be turned on, turned off and adjusted in rotation speed.
In this embodiment, the circulation pump 309 is a variable frequency circulation pump 309, and the fan 314 is a variable frequency fan. The coil heat exchanger 315 is a finned tube heat exchanger, and the coil heat exchanger 315 is provided with heat exchange fins 316.
The traditional air-conditioning refrigeration system generally adopts a compressor as core equipment of the refrigeration system, the compressor belongs to power equipment, a large amount of electric energy is consumed during working, vibration and noise are large, extra cost is needed in the aspects of purchase and maintenance of the compressor, and the use cost is high. According to the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system provided by the invention, the three-medium high-temperature-difference heat exchanger 201 is used for recovering the cold energy of the LNG as the cold source of the air-conditioning refrigeration system, a compressor which is a high-power consumption component required by the conventional vapor compression refrigeration cycle is eliminated, the three-medium high-temperature-difference heat exchanger 201 does not consume any electric energy during working, does not need maintenance, and has very high economic effect and environmental protection effect compared with the traditional refrigeration system.
The monitoring system comprises a first temperature sensor 206, a pressure sensor 205, a liquid level sensor 208, a second temperature sensor 312, a third temperature sensor 311, a fourth temperature sensor 313, a first electromagnetic regulating valve 403, a second electromagnetic regulating valve 104, a fan 314 and a circulating pump 309.
The control unit 501 is a device having data receiving and processing capabilities, the control unit 501 is in communication connection with the first temperature sensor 206, the pressure sensor 205, the liquid level sensor 208, the safety valve 207, the second temperature sensor 312, the third temperature sensor 311 and the fourth temperature sensor 313, and the control unit 501 is in control connection with the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403 and the second electromagnetic regulating valve 104.
Functionally, the monitoring system comprises a temperature control system, a pressure system, a safety system and a liquid level system.
The temperature control system includes a first temperature sensor 206, a second temperature sensor 312, a third temperature sensor 311, a fourth temperature sensor 313, a first electromagnetic adjustment valve 403, a fan 314, and a circulation pump 309.
The first temperature sensor 206 is located on the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201, and the first temperature sensor 206 is used for measuring the temperature of the liquid phase coolant 202.
The second temperature sensor 312 and the third temperature sensor 311 are both located in the air conditioning refrigeration unit, the second temperature sensor 312 is located between the outlet end of the lower heat exchanger 302 and the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger 315, the third temperature sensor 311 is located between the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger 315 and the coolant buffer tank 306, the second temperature sensor 312 is configured to measure the temperature of the coolant 317 entering the coil heat exchanger 315, and the third temperature sensor 311 is configured to measure the temperature of the coolant 317 flowing out of the coil heat exchanger 315.
A fourth temperature sensor 313 is located in the cooling space 301 for measuring the temperature of the cooling space 301. The first electromagnetic regulating valve 403 is disposed on the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401, the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403 is located between the second manual stop valve 402 and the inlet end of the upper heat exchanger 404, and the control unit 501 controls the flow rate of the LNG entering the cold storage pipeline inlet pipe 401 through the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403.
The pressure system comprises a pressure sensor 205, and the pressure sensor 205 is positioned on the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201 and is mainly used for monitoring the pressure of the gas phase coolant 203.
The liquid level system comprises a liquid level sensor 208, and the liquid level sensor 208 is positioned on the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201 and is mainly used for detecting the liquid level height of the liquid phase coolant 202.
The safety system comprises a safety valve 207, and the safety valve 207 is arranged at the upper end of the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201. The safety valve 207 is preset with a take-off threshold, and when the pressure of the gas phase coolant 203 exceeds the take-off threshold, the safety valve 207 automatically takes off and releases the pressure, so that the safe operation of the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201 is ensured.
When the power unit 105 and the air conditioning refrigeration system are simultaneously operated, as shown in fig. 1, the liquid phase coolant 202 absorbs heat of the coolant 317, the temperature is increased, and the coolant is continuously vaporized, and the gas phase coolant 203 absorbs cold of LNG and is continuously liquefied into the liquid phase coolant 202.
When the liquefaction rate of the gas phase coolant 203 is greater than the vaporization rate of the liquid phase coolant 202, the temperature of the liquid phase coolant 202 is lowered to the freezing temperature of the coolant 317, and at this time, the control unit 501 controls to decrease the opening degree of the first electromagnetic adjusting valve 403, so as to decrease the flow rate of the LNG entering the upper heat exchanger 404.
When the liquefaction rate of the gas phase coolant 203 is less than the vaporization rate of the liquid phase coolant 202, the temperature of the liquid phase coolant 202 will continuously rise, and at this time, the control unit 501 controls to increase the opening degree of the first electromagnetic adjusting valve 403, increase the flow rate of the LNG entering the upper heat exchanger 404, and improve the cold input.
As shown in fig. 3, in the cold accumulation process of the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system, the control unit 501 controls the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403 on the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe 401 to open, another part of the LNG flowing out from the LNG storage tank 101 flows into the upper heat exchanger 404 through the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe 401, and exchanges heat with the gas phase cold accumulation agent 203 in the upper heat exchanger 404, the gas phase cold accumulation agent 203 absorbs the cold energy of the LNG in the upper heat exchanger 404 to be liquefied, and the liquefied gas phase cold accumulation agent 203 flows back to the liquid phase cold accumulation agent 202 by gravity, so as to realize cold accumulation. When the first temperature sensor 206 detects that the temperature of the liquid phase coolant 202 approaches the freezing temperature (for example, -60 ℃) of the coolant 317, the control unit 501 closes the first electromagnetic adjusting valve 403, stops the supply of LNG, and stops the cooling process. The LNG absorbs heat in the upper heat exchanger 404 and is vaporized, and the vaporized LNG enters the main medium pipeline 103 again through the cold storage pipeline outlet pipe 405 and then enters the power unit 105 for combustion.
In this embodiment, the LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system further has a delayed refrigeration function.
When the power unit 105 stops operating, the control unit 501 closes the first electromagnetic regulating valve 403 and the second electromagnetic regulating valve 104, and LNG stops entering the upper heat exchanger 404. Because the low-temperature liquid-phase coolant 202 in the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger 201 stores a large amount of cold, the secondary refrigerant 317 can obtain the cold from the liquid-phase coolant 202 through the lower heat exchanger 302, and the air-conditioning refrigeration unit can still perform refrigeration operation, so that the effect of delaying refrigeration is realized, and the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger has the function of cold storage and air conditioning.
In the cold storage air-conditioning refrigeration process, as shown in fig. 4, with the continuous operation of the air-conditioning refrigeration system, the temperature of the liquid phase coolant 202 gradually rises and is continuously vaporized into the gas phase coolant 203. When the first temperature sensor 206 detects that the temperature of the liquid-phase coolant 202 reaches the highest temperature (for example, 7 ℃) of the coolant 317 required by the fan coil heat exchange unit 304 to operate, the control unit 501 turns off the circulation pump 309, and the cold storage air conditioning refrigeration process is finished.
The control unit 501 obtains the temperature of the cooling space 301 through the fourth temperature sensor 313 and the temperatures of the refrigerants 317 before and after cooling through the second temperature sensor 312 and the third temperature sensor 311. When the control unit 501 monitors that the temperature of the air in the cooling space 301 reaches a set temperature, the control unit 501 finely controls the flow rate of the coolant 317 by adjusting the rotation speed of the circulating pump 309, and precisely controls the temperature in the cooling space 301 by analyzing the temperature data before and after the coolant 317 monitored by the third temperature sensor 311 and the fourth temperature sensor 312 flows through the fan coil heat exchange unit 304 for cooling. Meanwhile, the control unit 501 can adjust the rotation speed of the fan 314 to adjust the cooling rate of the cooling space 301.
According to another embodiment, the present invention further comprises a third manual shut-off valve 308, a fourth manual shut-off valve 310, and a coolant surge tank 306.
A third manual cut-off valve 308 is provided on a pipe communicating with the inlet end of the circulation pump 309, and a fourth manual cut-off valve 310 is provided on a pipe communicating with the outlet end of the circulation pump 309. When the circulating pump 309 needs to be replaced or repaired, an operator can manually close the third manual stop valve 308 and the fourth manual stop valve 310 first, and then take out the circulating pump 309, so as to prevent the coolant 317 in the air-conditioning refrigeration unit from leaking;
the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An LNG air-conditioning refrigeration system is characterized by comprising an LNG storage tank, a three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger, an air-conditioning refrigeration unit and a control unit;
the LNG storage tank is used for storing LNG;
the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger comprises a shell, an upper heat exchanger and a lower heat exchanger, wherein a cavity is arranged in the shell, a cold storage agent with gas-liquid conversion characteristic is arranged in the cavity, and the cold storage agent comprises a gaseous phase cold storage agent and a liquid phase cold storage agent; the upper heat exchanger is communicated with the LNG storage tank, is positioned in the accommodating cavity and is fully contacted with the gas-phase coolant; the lower heat exchanger is positioned in the accommodating cavity and is fully contacted with the liquid phase coolant;
the air-conditioning refrigeration unit comprises a fan coil heat exchange unit and a circulating pump, and the fan coil heat exchange unit comprises a fan and a coil heat exchanger; the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger is communicated with the outlet end of the lower heat exchanger through a pipeline, the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet end of the circulating pump through a pipeline, the outlet end of the circulating pump is connected with the inlet end of the lower heat exchanger through a pipeline, and secondary refrigerant is arranged in a loop formed by communicating the lower heat exchanger, the coil heat exchanger and the circulating pump;
the fan is positioned on one side of the coil heat exchanger, an air outlet is formed in the other side of the coil heat exchanger, and the blowing direction of the fan faces the coil heat exchanger; the control unit is in control connection with the circulating pump and the fan.
2. The LNG refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein:
the LNG storage tank is characterized by further comprising a power unit, wherein the power unit is heat energy application equipment taking natural gas as fuel, the power unit is communicated with the LNG storage tank through a main medium pipeline, and a first manual stop valve is arranged at one end, close to the LNG storage tank, of the main medium pipeline;
the inlet end of the upper heat exchanger is communicated with the main medium pipeline through a cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe, the joint of the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe and the main medium pipeline is positioned between the first manual stop valve and the power unit, and a second manual stop valve is arranged on the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe;
the outlet end of the upper heat exchanger is communicated with the main medium pipeline through a cold accumulation pipeline outlet pipe, and the joint of the cold accumulation pipeline outlet pipe and the main medium pipeline is positioned between the joint of the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe and the main medium pipeline and the joint of the main medium pipeline and the power unit.
3. An LNG refrigeration system as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the three-medium high temperature difference heat exchanger is provided with a first temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor and a safety valve, wherein the first temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the liquid phase coolant, the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the pressure of the gas phase coolant, the liquid level sensor is used for measuring the liquid level height of the liquid phase coolant, and the safety valve is used for automatically jumping and releasing pressure when the pressure of the gas phase coolant exceeds the standard;
a second temperature sensor is arranged at the inlet end of the coil heat exchanger, a third temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger, and a fourth temperature sensor is arranged near the air outlet;
the control unit is communicated with the first temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the liquid level sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor.
4. An LNG refrigeration system as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
a first electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged on the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe and is positioned between the second manual stop valve and the inlet end of the upper heat exchanger;
a second electromagnetic regulating valve is arranged on the main medium pipeline and is positioned between the joint of the cold accumulation pipeline outlet pipe and the main medium pipeline and the joint of the cold accumulation pipeline inlet pipe and the main medium pipeline;
the control unit is in control connection with the first electromagnetic regulating valve and the second electromagnetic regulating valve;
and a third manual stop valve is arranged on a pipeline connected with the inlet end of the circulating pump, and a fourth manual stop valve is arranged on a pipeline connected with the outlet end of the circulating pump.
5. An LNG air conditioning refrigeration system as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
the secondary refrigerant buffer tank is positioned between the third manual stop valve and the outlet end of the coil heat exchanger.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911270384.8A CN110802996A (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | LNG air conditioner refrigerating system |
| PCT/CN2020/132218 WO2021115137A1 (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2020-11-27 | Lng air conditioning refrigeration system |
| KR1020227012620A KR102612611B1 (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2020-11-27 | LNG air conditioning cooling system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911270384.8A CN110802996A (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | LNG air conditioner refrigerating system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110802996A true CN110802996A (en) | 2020-02-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911270384.8A Pending CN110802996A (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | LNG air conditioner refrigerating system |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR102612611B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110802996A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021115137A1 (en) |
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| CN111366024A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-03 | 武彦峰 | A system and method for utilizing cold energy for refrigeration of LNG powered ships |
| CN111409809A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-14 | 武彦峰 | Comprehensive system and method for keeping freshness of ships using L NG power and cold energy |
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| WO2021115137A1 (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-06-17 | 蒋春辉 | Lng air conditioning refrigeration system |
| CN113148097A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-23 | 浙江大学常州工业技术研究院 | LNG (liquefied Natural gas) vehicle and ship refrigeration micro-power air conditioning system |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021115137A1 (en) | 2021-06-17 |
| KR20220082838A (en) | 2022-06-17 |
| KR102612611B1 (en) | 2023-12-12 |
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