CN110793403B - Novel high-efficient carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing ware - Google Patents
Novel high-efficient carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing ware Download PDFInfo
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- CN110793403B CN110793403B CN201911137340.8A CN201911137340A CN110793403B CN 110793403 B CN110793403 B CN 110793403B CN 201911137340 A CN201911137340 A CN 201911137340A CN 110793403 B CN110793403 B CN 110793403B
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- gland
- carbon dioxide
- liquid storage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/04—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive for producing gas under pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/263—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/14—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by compressed air; by gas blast; by gasifying liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel efficient carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device, which comprises a gland, a heating tube, a liquid storage tube and an energy discharging head, wherein two ends of the liquid storage tube are respectively connected with the gland and the energy discharging head, a wire through hole penetrating through the upper end face and the lower end face of the gland is formed in the gland, the heating tube is fixed on the lower end face of the gland, a liquid injection port is further formed in the gland, the energy discharging head comprises a head main body and a shearing sheet, the head main body is of a hollow column shape with a closed bottom end, an annular groove is formed in the side wall of the head main body in an upward extending mode along the bottom face of the head main body, two energy discharging ports are symmetrically formed in the shearing sheet, the shearing sheet is of an annular column shape with a disc at the bottom, and the shearing sheet is inserted into the annular groove. The energy release head has the advantages that the shearing sheets in the energy release head are designed to be parallel to the wall of the drill hole, so that energy loss caused by impact between the energy release head and the bottom of the drill hole can be avoided in the detonation process of the carbon dioxide fracturing device, the energy utilization rate in the phase change process is improved, and the phenomenon of 'flying tube' during the phase change fracturing of carbon dioxide can be effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of exploration geotechnical structures, in particular to a novel efficient carbon dioxide phase change fracturing device.
Background
After cardox tube system is invented by Cardox in 1914, cardox tube system is applied to coal seam fracturing, permeability increasing and exploitation, the fracturing effect is good, the safety is high, and developed countries such as the United states of America and the like begin to apply the technology to aspects such as pipeline blockage removal and ice breaking. The main energy source of the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing rock breaking technology for applying work to rock media to be broken is the phase energy difference between the supercritical state and the gaseous state of liquid carbon dioxide, and compared with the common explosive blasting, the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing rock breaking technology has the advantages of small earthquake waves, less flying stones, short throwing distance, small flying dust, easiness in control, good safety, stable peak pressure, long duration and the like. At present, the technology is widely applied in the aspects of rock breaking, jade exploitation, underwater blasting, coal seam permeability improvement and the like, has wide industrial application prospect, but is still in the primary development stage at present because the development time of the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing technology is not long, and the theory is still behind the reality. The development of the high-efficiency rock breaking equipment is a key link for promoting the rapid development of the carbon dioxide phase transition technology, and has important significance for improving the application level of the supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing technology.
At present, the shearing sheets of the carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing device are arranged to be parallel to the bottom of the energy discharging head, after the shearing sheets are broken by high-energy carbon dioxide, the bottom of the energy discharging head is firstly impacted, and then the energy discharging ports are sprayed out from two sides, so that the rock wall is impacted by high-energy gas, and the rock is quickly damaged. The setting mode of the shearing sheets of the fracturing device is too large in impact on the energy discharging head, the energy discharging head is easy to damage, the energy consumption is huge, and the energy discharging head is easy to be damaged by huge impact reaction force, so that the fracturing device is caused to generate a 'flying tube', and a great potential safety hazard is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing state of the art, the invention aims to provide the novel high-efficiency carbon dioxide phase-change fracturing device, the shearing sheets in the energy discharging head are designed to be parallel to the wall of the drill hole, and in the detonation process of the carbon dioxide phase-change fracturing device, the energy loss caused by the impact between the energy discharging head and the bottom of the drill hole can be avoided, so that the energy utilization rate in the phase-change process is improved, and the phenomenon of 'flying tube' during the phase-change fracturing of the carbon dioxide can be effectively avoided.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a novel high-efficient carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing ware, includes gland, heating tube, liquid reserve pipe and lets out can the head, and liquid reserve pipe both ends are connected with gland, let out can the head respectively, make liquid reserve pipe inner chamber be the closed state, be equipped with the wire through-hole that runs through its up and down terminal surface on the gland, the heating tube is fixed on the gland lower terminal surface, still be equipped with the notes liquid mouth on the gland, annotate the liquid mouth and seal through the shutoff plug and communicate with liquid reserve pipe inner chamber through annotating the liquid passageway, let out can the head and include end main part and shear slice, the end main part is bottom confined hollow column, and the lateral wall of end main part is equipped with the ring channel and its upper symmetry along the bottom upward extension of end main part is equipped with two and lets out can the mouth, and the shear slice is the annular column that the bottom has the disc, and shear slice thickness and the groove width phase-match of ring channel, and the shear slice inserts the setting in the ring channel, makes two on the end main part lateral wall seal of end.
Furthermore, the sealing device is sleeved on the outer wall of the liquid storage pipe in a ring mode, the sealing device is composed of two sealing sheets, the two sealing sheets can be spliced into a ring, and the two sealing sheets are locked by adopting a bolt structure.
Further, the inner side of the hole sealing sheet is provided with an outer convex clamping groove, and the outer wall of the liquid storage tube is provided with an inner concave clamping groove matched with the outer convex clamping groove.
Further, the inner cavity wall of the liquid storage pipe is coated with a heat preservation coating.
Further, a turbine device is arranged in the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube and comprises a turbine connecting rod and a turbine, the turbine connecting rod is in an inverted L shape, the transverse part of the turbine connecting rod is fixed on the inner cavity wall of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube, the longitudinal part of the turbine connecting rod is overlapped with the central axis of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube, and the turbine is arranged at the front end of the turbine connecting rod.
Further, the wires of the turbine are upwards arranged along the cavity wall of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube, and the wires of the turbine and the wires of the heating tube are connected in series through the external wires after penetrating out of the wire through holes.
Furthermore, a sealing ring is arranged at the fixedly connected part of the heating tube and the gland.
Further, a sealing gasket is arranged at the bottom of the annular groove.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention designs the shearing sheets in the energy discharging head to be parallel to the wall of the drill hole, and can avoid energy loss caused by impact between the energy discharging head and the bottom of the drill hole in the initiation process of the carbon dioxide fracturing device, thereby improving the energy utilization rate in the phase change process and effectively avoiding the phenomenon of 'flying pipe' during the phase change fracturing of the carbon dioxide;
2. the hole sealing device is arranged on the outer wall of the liquid storage tube, so that good hole sealing in the detonation process is ensured, and the action time of high-pressure gas is effectively prolonged;
3. The turbine device is arranged in the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube, the lead wire of the turbine is connected in series with the lead wire of the heating tube, and when the detonation current is accessed, the heating tube and the turbine are started simultaneously, so that the carbon dioxide is uniformly heated, and the detonation is rapid and thorough;
4. The heat preservation coating is coated on the cavity wall of the inner cavity of the liquid storage pipe, so that the heat preservation capability of the liquid storage pipe is improved, and the overlong detonation time caused by overlarge temperature difference is prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide phase transition cracker according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the energy discharging head of the present invention.
Labeling and describing: 1. the device comprises a wire through hole, 2, a liquid injection channel, 3, a gland, 4, a liquid injection port, 5, a heating tube, 6, a heat insulation coating, 7, a hole sealing sheet, 8, a turbine connecting rod, 9, a sealing gasket, 10, an end head main body, 11, a turbine, 12, a shearing sheet, 13 and a liquid storage tube.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-2, a novel efficient carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing device comprises a gland 3, a heating tube 5, a liquid storage tube 13 and an energy discharging head, wherein the liquid storage tube 13 is used for injecting and storing carbon dioxide, and two ends of the liquid storage tube 13 are respectively connected with the gland 3 and the energy discharging head in a threaded fit manner, so that the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 13 is in a closed state.
The gland 3 is provided with a wire through hole 1 penetrating through the upper end face and the lower end face of the gland, the heating tube 5 is fixed on the lower end face of the gland 3, and preferably, the fixedly connected part of the heating tube 5 and the gland 3 is provided with a sealing ring, so that the liquid carbon dioxide is well sealed in the liquid storage tube 13. The gland 3 is also provided with a liquid injection port 4, the liquid injection port 4 is sealed by a sealing plug and is communicated with the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 13 by the liquid injection channel 2, and after liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the liquid storage tube 13 from the liquid injection port 4, the liquid injection port 4 is sealed by the sealing plug.
The energy discharging head comprises an end head main body 10 and a shearing sheet 12, wherein the end head main body 10 is of a hollow column shape with a closed bottom end, the side wall of the end head main body 10 is provided with an annular groove extending upwards along the bottom surface of the end head main body 10 and symmetrically provided with two energy discharging ports, the bottom of the annular groove is provided with a sealing gasket 9, the shearing sheet 12 is of an annular column shape with a disc at the bottom, the thickness of the shearing sheet 12 is matched with the width of the annular groove, and the shearing sheet 12 is inserted into the annular groove, so that the two energy discharging ports on the side wall of the end head main body 10 are closed. The thickness of the shear blade 12 is related to the pressure of the carbon dioxide bursting the shear blade 12, and the impact on the rock is different for different specifications of the shear blade 12 corresponding to different peak pressures, so that the energy release heads with different specifications can be replaced to achieve different fracturing effects.
According to the technical scheme, the shearing sheets 12 in the energy discharging head are designed to be parallel to the wall of the drill hole, so that energy loss caused by impact between the energy discharging head and the bottom of the drill hole can be avoided in the detonation process of the carbon dioxide fracturing device, and the energy utilization rate in the phase change process is improved.
The sealing device is sleeved on the outer wall of the liquid storage pipe 13, and consists of two sealing sheets 7, wherein the sealing sheets 7 are made of refined steel, the two sealing sheets 7 can be spliced into a circular ring, and the two sealing sheets are locked by adopting a bolt structure. The inner side of the hole sealing sheet 7 is provided with an outer convex clamping groove, the outer wall of the liquid storage tube 13 is provided with an inner concave clamping groove matched with the outer convex clamping groove, and the hole sealing device is limited by the cooperation of the outer convex clamping groove and the inner concave clamping groove.
For drilling holes with different diameters, hole sealing sheets 7 with different thicknesses can be replaced, so that the hole sealing device is matched with the drilling holes. When the carbon dioxide phase-change fracturing device is used, the thickness of the hole sealing device is determined according to the diameter of a drilling hole, then the hole sealing device is assembled, the carbon dioxide phase-change fracturing device is inserted into the drilling hole after the assembly is completed, and then materials such as clay stemming and the like are filled into the drilling hole for sealing. The hole sealing technology of the carbon dioxide fracturing device is in the primary stage at present, clay stemming and other materials are mostly adopted for sealing, the hole sealing effect is general, time and labor are consumed, and the development of the carbon dioxide phase change fracturing technology is restricted to a certain extent. The hole sealing device effectively avoids the overflow of high-pressure gas along the pores of clay stemming, ensures that sufficient high-pressure gas exists between the outer wall of the liquid storage tube 13 between the bottom of the carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing device and the hole sealing device and the borehole wall after detonation, prolongs the static pressure time of the high-pressure gas to the borehole wall, and greatly improves the fracturing effect.
The conventional carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing device is cast by using 42CrMo subjected to thermal refining, heat energy required for exciting carbon dioxide phase transition before detonation can be dissipated through the wall of the liquid storage pipe 13, the energy consumption is high, the detonation time is prolonged, the phase transition fracturing efficiency is affected, and the situation is particularly obvious in cold region engineering application. Preferably, the heat-insulating coating 6 is coated on the wall of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 13, so that the heat-insulating capability of the liquid storage tube 13 is improved, and the overlong detonation time caused by overlarge temperature difference is prevented.
The turbine device is arranged in the inner cavity of the liquid storage pipe 13 and comprises a turbine connecting rod 8 and a turbine 11, the turbine connecting rod 8 is in an inverted L shape, the transverse part of the turbine connecting rod 8 is fixed on the inner cavity wall of the inner cavity of the liquid storage pipe 13, the longitudinal part of the turbine connecting rod 8 is overlapped with the central axis of the inner cavity of the liquid storage pipe 13, and the turbine 11 is arranged at the front end of the turbine connecting rod. When the turbine 11 works, the turbine 11 rotates by taking the end point of the longitudinal part of the turbine connecting rod 8 as the center of a circle, so that liquid carbon dioxide is promoted to uniformly flow in the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 13, fully contacts with the heating tube 5 and is uniformly heated, and the initiation is rapid and thorough.
Preferably, the wires of the turbine 11 are arranged upwards along the cavity wall of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 13, the wires of the turbine 11 and the wires of the heating tube 5 are connected in series through external wires after being penetrated out from the wire through holes 1, and when the detonation current is introduced, the heating tube 5 and the turbine 11 can be started simultaneously.
Specifically, before the carbon dioxide phase-change fracturing device is used, liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the inner cavity of the liquid storage pipe 13 along the liquid injection channel 2 through the liquid injection port 4 by using a professional filling machine in advance, after the fracturing holes are drilled on the working face, the carbon dioxide phase-change fracturing device is assembled according to the thickness of the hole sealing device matched with the pore diameter of the fracturing holes, the carbon dioxide phase-change fracturing devices are inserted into the fracturing holes one by one, and then the leads of the carbon dioxide phase-change fracturing devices are led out and connected in series. After the detonation current is introduced, the heating tube 5 rapidly heats, the turbine 11 simultaneously starts to rotate, so that the liquid carbon dioxide rapidly and uniformly heats, after the supercritical state is reached, the volume of the carbon dioxide rapidly expands for more than 600 times in 40ms, the pressure in the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 13 can reach more than 200 MPa, when the pressure reaches the limit pressure which can be borne by the shear slice 12, the shear slice 12 at the two energy release ports is simultaneously broken, strong impact force is generated to impact the borehole wall, the rock mass is cracked, and after the impact process is finished, the static pressure generated by high-pressure gas enables micro cracks to develop in the rock mass, and meanwhile, the high-pressure gas enables the crack tip of the rock mass to crack, so that the cracks are expanded.
Of course, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, so that all equivalent modifications made in the principles of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing ware, includes gland, heating tube, stock solution pipe and lets out can the head, and stock solution pipe both ends are connected with gland, let out can the head respectively, make stock solution pipe inner chamber be the closed state, its characterized in that: the gland is provided with a wire through hole penetrating through the upper end face and the lower end face of the gland, the heating tube is fixed on the lower end face of the gland, the gland is also provided with a liquid injection port, the liquid injection port is sealed by a plugging plug and is communicated with the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube through a liquid injection channel, the energy discharging head comprises an end head main body and a shearing sheet, the end head main body is hollow columnar with a closed bottom end, the side wall of the end head main body is upwards provided with an annular groove along the bottom surface of the end head main body in an extending manner, two energy discharging ports are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the end head main body, the shearing sheet is annular columnar with a disc at the bottom, the thickness of the shearing sheet is matched with the groove width of the annular groove, and the shearing sheet is inserted into the annular groove to seal the two energy discharging ports on the side wall of the end head main body;
The sealing device is sleeved on the outer wall of the liquid storage pipe in a ring mode and consists of two sealing sheets which can be spliced into a ring and are locked by a bolt structure;
the inner side of the hole sealing sheet is provided with an outer convex clamping groove, and the outer wall of the liquid storage tube is provided with an inner concave clamping groove matched with the outer convex clamping groove;
The wall of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube is coated with a heat preservation coating.
2. The carbon dioxide phase transition cracker as defined in claim 1, wherein: the turbine device comprises a turbine connecting rod and a turbine, wherein the turbine connecting rod is of an inverted L shape, the transverse part of the turbine connecting rod is fixed on the cavity wall of the cavity of the liquid storage tube, the longitudinal part of the turbine connecting rod is overlapped with the central axis of the cavity of the liquid storage tube, and the front end of the turbine connecting rod is provided with the turbine.
3. A carbon dioxide phase transition cracker as defined in claim 2, wherein: the wires of the turbine are upwards arranged along the cavity wall of the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube, and the wires of the turbine and the wires of the heating tube are connected in series through external wires after penetrating out of the wire through holes.
4. A carbon dioxide phase transition cracker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: and a sealing ring is arranged at the fixedly connected part of the heating tube and the gland.
5. A carbon dioxide phase transition cracker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: and a sealing gasket is arranged at the bottom of the annular groove.
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CN112815785A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-18 | 黄俊雄 | Carbon dioxide cracking device, heating material thereof and use method |
CN112833715B (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2023-06-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Apparatus and method for excavating a rock mass |
CN112963146A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-15 | 北京科技大学 | Joint-cutting carbon dioxide fracturing device and rock mass directional blasting method |
CN113107484B (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-10-18 | 湖北楚道凿岩工程有限公司 | Carbon dioxide fracturing blasting pipe for surface mining and blasting construction method |
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CN113701805B (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2022-07-19 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Test system and test method for carbon dioxide cracking tube internal temperature and pressure and external overpressure |
CN114183118B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-05-24 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Enhanced-permeability in-situ leaching mining method and device for hyposmosis sandstone uranium ores and terminal equipment |
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