CN110790604A - Cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for kiwi fruits and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for kiwi fruits and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110790604A CN110790604A CN201911358577.9A CN201911358577A CN110790604A CN 110790604 A CN110790604 A CN 110790604A CN 201911358577 A CN201911358577 A CN 201911358577A CN 110790604 A CN110790604 A CN 110790604A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cold-resistant kiwi fruit foliar fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cold-resistant kiwi fruit foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.5-1 part of sodium nitroprusside, 5-10 parts of fish protein, 5-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3-5 parts of spermidine, 3-5 parts of propyl gallate, 3-5 parts of betaine, 3-5 parts of proline, 1-3 parts of salicylic acid, 1-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-3 parts of gibberellin, 1-3 parts of brassinolide, 1-3 parts of paclobutrazol, 1-2 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1-2 parts of 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, 50-100 parts of urea, 60-120 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 20-30 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 80-120 parts of water, and has the advantages of low cost, simple and easy preparation method and fertilization, low labor intensity and good cold resistance effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a cold-resistant kiwi fruit foliar fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The kiwi fruit has high nutritive value, the kiwi fruit is rich in vitamin C, various amino acids, calcium, potassium, selenium, zinc, germanium and other trace elements, is soft and juicy, sweet, sour and delicious, has good flavor, high edible value, medicinal value and economic value, is known as the king of fruit, and has the delicacies of green gold mine, immortal fruit, clever fruit and the like. The commercial cultivation of Chinese kiwifruits starts in the nineties of the last century, and has become a world China for kiwifruit production and consumption through the development of 20 years. The types of the kiwi fruits are various, the distribution is extremely wide, the kiwi fruits are naturally distributed in three provinces from south to two provinces and the Yunobu plateau from north to northeast. The main producing areas of the commercial kiwi fruits are concentrated in Yaan-Du Jiang Wei front line in Sichuan, the northern foot of Qinling mountain in Shaanxi to the south bank of Wei river, Funiu mountain in Henan, and 21 provinces, cities and areas such as Guizhou, Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang and Hunan provinces. Kiwi fruit sales are distributed all over the country, and are exported to European Union, Russia, southeast Asia nationality, Japan, Korea and the like, and the market sales of high-quality Kiwi fruit has a large space.
The kiwi fruit trees are easily influenced by low-temperature and cold weather factors in the germination period of the kiwi fruit trees, the growth of the kiwi fruit trees is influenced under the influence of the weather factors, the influence on the yield of fruits is also brought, in addition, the trees are easily weakened, the stress resistance is poor, and the danger of plant diseases and insect pests is easily caused under the severe cold weather; judging whether the kiwi fruit trees are affected by severe cold weather is mainly judged according to the number of sprouts, the number of new leaves and the number of flower buds; in order to prevent kiwi fruit trees from being affected by severe cold weather, fruit growers generally adopt a mode of establishing a windproof zone, earthing up to protect dry and frozen water irrigation, whitening a trunk or coating an anti-freezing medicament, piling grass at a fixed point for smoking, and fertilizing to strengthen tree vigor; the construction amount of the windbreak tape is large in the traditional method, and the windbreak tape is not generally adopted, and the environment pollution by a fixed-point grass stacking smoking mode is not allowed to be carried out; the labor intensity of the earthing up, dry protecting and frozen water irrigation, the main trunk whitening or coating of an antifreezing agent and the fertilization for strengthening the tree vigor is too high, and a mode of deep soil improvement and organic fertilizer or nitrogen fertilizer application is generally adopted as an example of the fertilization for strengthening the tree vigor, so that the root system of the fruit tree is developed to achieve the strong tree vigor, and the cold resistance purpose is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for kiwi fruit trees and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cold-resistant performance of the kiwi fruit trees can be enhanced under the condition of reducing labor intensity, and the number of buds, new leaves and flower buds of the kiwi fruit trees under low-temperature stress can be increased so as to achieve cold resistance, yield increase and income increase.
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.5-1 part of sodium nitroprusside, 5-10 parts of fish protein, 5-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3-5 parts of spermidine, 3-5 parts of propyl gallate, 3-5 parts of betaine, 3-5 parts of proline, 1-3 parts of salicylic acid, 1-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-3 parts of gibberellin, 1-3 parts of brassinolide, 1-3 parts of paclobutrazol, 1-2 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1-2 parts of 5-aminoacetic acid propionic acid, 50-100 parts of urea, 60-120 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 20-30 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 80-120 parts of water.
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from, by weight, 0.5-0.7 part of sodium nitroprusside, 8-10 parts of fish protein, 6-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3-4 parts of spermidine, 4-5 parts of propyl gallate, 3.5-4.5 parts of betaine, 3-4 parts of proline, 2-3 parts of salicylic acid, 2-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-2 parts of gibberellin, 1-2 parts of brassinolide, 1-3 parts of paclobutrazol, 1-1.8 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.6-2 parts of 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, 60-100 parts of urea, 60-100 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 22-30 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 90-110 parts of water.
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.5 part of sodium nitroprusside, 10 parts of fish protein, 10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of spermidine, 4 parts of propyl gallate, 4.5 parts of betaine, 3.8 parts of proline, 2.6 parts of salicylic acid, 2.4 parts of abscisic acid, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 2 parts of brassinolide, 1 part of paclobutrazol, 1.8 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.6 parts of 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, 60 parts of urea, 100 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 22 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 110 parts of water.
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.7 part of sodium nitroprusside, 9 parts of fish protein, 6 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3.5 parts of spermidine, 4.5 parts of propyl gallate, 4 parts of betaine, 4 parts of proline, 2 parts of salicylic acid, 2 parts of abscisic acid, 2 parts of gibberellin, 1 part of brassinolide, 3 parts of paclobutrazol, 1.6 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.7 parts of 5-aminoacetic acid propionic acid, 70 parts of urea, 95 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 30 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 100 parts of water.
The preparation method of the cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving propyl gallate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, and brassinolide in anhydrous ethanol, and stirring to dissolve completely to obtain a first mixture;
step 2, putting sodium nitroprusside, fish protein, chitosan oligosaccharide, spermidine, betaine, proline, abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, α -naphthylacetic acid, 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, urea and monopotassium phosphate into water for one time, mixing, and preparing a second mixture through ultrasonic high-speed dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 20-40 KHz, the dispersion speed is 5000-5400 r/min, and the dispersion time is 10-30 min;
and step 3: and (3) mixing the first mixture obtained in the step (1) and the second mixture obtained in the step (2).
The fertilizing method comprises the following steps: fertilizing in the sprouting period of the fruit trees in 2-3 months, diluting and spraying to branches and leaves of the kiwi fruit trees. The foliar fertilizer can be sprayed at the beginning of 2 months, 100ml of the foliar fertilizer is sprayed in each mu of land, the dilution is 100 times, the foliar fertilizer is sprayed once in the 7 th, 14 th, 21 st and 28 th days after the first spraying, and the foliar fertilizer is sprayed once in the 15 th day in 3 months.
In the invention, Sodium Nitroprusside (SNP) is used as an exogenous NO donor and is applied to the stress of plantsThe answer plays an important regulation and control function; when the sodium nitroprusside is sprayed under the low-temperature stress, stomata can be closed, the transpiration rate is reduced, and simultaneously, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and H are reduced2O2And O2-The combination of chitosan oligosaccharide and spermidine can regulate and control the increase of free proline, soluble sugar and soluble protein in the plant under low temperature stress, and increase the activities of antioxidant protecting enzymes SOD, POD and CAT, thereby increasing the cold resistance of the plant, the combination of Sodium Nitroprusside (SNP), fish protein, chitosan oligosaccharide and spermidine can effectively protect the leaves of kiwi fruit trees, propyl gallate is a polyphenol compound, has remarkable free radical resistance, prevents membrane lipid peroxidation, reduces the harm of low temperature stress, betaine is a quaternized cation, can interact with carboxyl anion of the protein outside the membrane, can stabilize the structure under low temperature, thereby effectively maintaining the structure of the protein and biomembrane under low temperature, can regulate the in vivo functions of proline, can reasonably regulate the osmotic activity of proline, can regulate the activity of proline in vivo, can reasonably regulate the activity of proline, can protect the plant under low temperature, can reasonably regulate the activity of proline, can reasonably regulate the activity of kiwi fruit trees, can regulate the activity of kiwi fruit trees under low temperature, can increase the activity of kiwi fruit trees, can regulate the activity of kiwi fruit trees under low temperature stress, can regulate the activity of kiwi fruit trees, can regulate the plant cell activity of kiwi fruit tree, and can regulate the plant, and can regulate the plant, can prevent the plant, and can prevent the plant, and can prevent the plant to prevent the plant, canSubstances which are stable under pressure and induce and start a series of cold-resistant gene expression and cold-resistant signal transduction are combined for use, so that the effects of mutual supplementation, coordination and synergism are achieved. Thereby improving the activity of the branches and leaves of the kiwi fruit, improving the number of sprouts, increasing the number of new leaves, and being beneficial to improving the number of buds, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the yield and income.
The cold-resistant fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surface of a kiwi fruit tree through the shape and the situation of a foliar fertilizer, so that the absorption of each nutritional ingredient by the kiwi fruit tree is convenient to maintain, N, P, K elements necessary for the growth of the kiwi fruit tree can be obtained through the absorption of the nutritional ingredients, the cold-resistant effect can be achieved, the cold-resistant performance of the kiwi fruit tree is enhanced, the germination number, the new leaf number and the flower bud number of the kiwi fruit under low-temperature stress are improved, and therefore, the yield of a fruit grower is increased and the income is increased; particularly, the method has obvious difference with the traditional method for fertilizing and strengthening tree vigor, and the method has the advantages of low cost, simple and easy preparation method and fertilizing method, low labor intensity and good cold resistance effect.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for kiwi fruits and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cold-resistant foliar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.5-1 part of sodium nitroprusside, 5-10 parts of fish protein, 5-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3-5 parts of spermidine, 3-5 parts of propyl gallate, 3-5 parts of betaine, 3-5 parts of proline, 1-3 parts of salicylic acid, 1-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-3 parts of gibberellin, 1-3 parts of brassinolide, 1-3 parts of paclobutrazol, 1-2 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1-2 parts of 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, 50-100 parts of urea, 60-120 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 20-30 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 80-120 parts of water.
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from, by weight, 0.5-0.7 part of sodium nitroprusside, 8-10 parts of fish protein, 6-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3-4 parts of spermidine, 4-5 parts of propyl gallate, 3.5-4.5 parts of betaine, 3-4 parts of proline, 2-3 parts of salicylic acid, 2-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-2 parts of gibberellin, 1-2 parts of brassinolide, 1-3 parts of paclobutrazol, 1-1.8 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.6-2 parts of 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, 60-100 parts of urea, 60-100 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 22-30 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 90-110 parts of water.
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.5 part of sodium nitroprusside, 10 parts of fish protein, 10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of spermidine, 4 parts of propyl gallate, 4.5 parts of betaine, 3.8 parts of proline, 2.6 parts of salicylic acid, 2.4 parts of abscisic acid, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 2 parts of brassinolide, 1 part of paclobutrazol, 1.8 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.6 parts of 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, 60 parts of urea, 100 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 22 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 110 parts of water.
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.7 part of sodium nitroprusside, 9 parts of fish protein, 6 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3.5 parts of spermidine, 4.5 parts of propyl gallate, 4 parts of betaine, 4 parts of proline, 2 parts of salicylic acid, 2 parts of abscisic acid, 2 parts of gibberellin, 1 part of brassinolide, 3 parts of paclobutrazol, 1.6 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.7 parts of 5-aminoacetic acid propionic acid, 70 parts of urea, 95 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 30 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 100 parts of water.
The preparation method of the cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving propyl gallate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, and brassinolide in anhydrous ethanol, and stirring to dissolve completely to obtain a first mixture;
step 2, putting sodium nitroprusside, fish protein, chitosan oligosaccharide, spermidine, betaine, proline, abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, α -naphthylacetic acid, 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, urea and monopotassium phosphate into water for one time, mixing, and preparing a second mixture through ultrasonic high-speed dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 20-40 KHz, the dispersion speed is 5000-5400 r/min, and the dispersion time is 10-30 min;
and step 3: and (3) mixing the first mixture obtained in the step (1) and the second mixture obtained in the step (2).
The cold-resistant kiwi fruit tree cold-resistant fertilizer is different from a traditional cold-resistant method of kiwi fruit trees, and can play roles of mutual supplement, coordination and synergy by combining a plurality of substances which are beneficial to maintaining cell osmotic pressure stability and inducing and starting a series of cold-resistant gene expression and cold-resistant signal transduction, absorption of nutritional ingredients of the kiwi fruit trees can be facilitated in a foliar fertilizer mode, the kiwi fruit tree cold-resistant fertilizer can provide N, P, K elements necessary for growth of the kiwi fruit trees, and the kiwi fruit tree cold-resistant fertilizer also contains specially added sodium nitroprusside, fish protein, chitosan oligosaccharide, spermidine, propyl gallate, betaine, proline, salicylic acid, abscisic acid, gibberellin, brassinolide, paclobutrazol, α -naphthylacetic acid and 5-amino propionic acid, so that the cold resistance of the kiwi fruit trees can be enhanced, and the bud number, the new leaf number and the flower bud number of the kiwi fruit trees under low-temperature stress are improved.
In order to explain the present invention more clearly, the present invention will now be further described with reference to specific examples. Specific examples are as follows:
example one
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 1 part of sodium nitroprusside, 5 parts of fish protein, 5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of spermidine, 3 parts of propyl gallate, 3 parts of betaine, 3 parts of proline, 1 part of salicylic acid, 1 part of abscisic acid, 1 part of gibberellin, 1 part of brassinolide, 1 part of paclobutrazol, 1 part of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1 part of 5-aminoacetic acid propionic acid, 50 parts of urea, 60 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 20 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 80 parts of water.
The preparation method of the cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving propyl gallate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, and brassinolide in anhydrous ethanol, and stirring to dissolve completely to obtain a first mixture;
step 2, putting sodium nitroprusside, fish protein, chitosan oligosaccharide, spermidine, betaine, proline, abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, α -naphthylacetic acid, 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, urea and monopotassium phosphate into water for one time, mixing, and preparing a second mixture through ultrasonic high-speed dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, the dispersion speed is 5400r/min, and the dispersion time is 30 min;
and step 3: and (3) mixing the first mixture obtained in the step (1) and the second mixture obtained in the step (2).
Example two
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.5 part of sodium nitroprusside, 7.5 parts of fish protein, 7.5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 4 parts of spermidine, 4 parts of propyl gallate, 4 parts of betaine, 4 parts of proline, 2 parts of salicylic acid, 2 parts of abscisic acid, 2 parts of gibberellin, 2 parts of brassinolide, 2 parts of paclobutrazol, 1.5 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.5 parts of 5-aminoacetic acid propionic acid, 75 parts of urea, 90 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 25 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 100 parts of water.
The preparation method of the cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving propyl gallate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, and brassinolide in anhydrous ethanol, and stirring to dissolve completely to obtain a first mixture;
step 2, putting sodium nitroprusside, fish protein, chitosan oligosaccharide, spermidine, betaine, proline, abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, α -naphthylacetic acid, 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, urea and monopotassium phosphate into water for one time, mixing, and preparing a second mixture through ultrasonic high-speed dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 20KHz, the dispersion speed is 5000r/min, and the dispersion time is 10 min;
and step 3: and (3) mixing the first mixture obtained in the step (1) and the second mixture obtained in the step (2).
EXAMPLE III
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.75 part of sodium nitroprusside, 10 parts of fish protein, 10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 5 parts of spermidine, 5 parts of propyl gallate, 5 parts of betaine, 5 parts of proline, 3 parts of salicylic acid, 3 parts of abscisic acid, 3 parts of gibberellin, 3 parts of brassinolide, 3 parts of paclobutrazol, 2 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 2 parts of 5-aminoacetic acid propionic acid, 100 parts of urea, 120 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 30 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 120 parts of water.
The preparation method of the cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving propyl gallate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, and brassinolide in anhydrous ethanol, and stirring to dissolve completely to obtain a first mixture;
step 2, putting sodium nitroprusside, fish protein, chitosan oligosaccharide, spermidine, betaine, proline, abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, α -naphthylacetic acid, 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, urea and monopotassium phosphate into water for one time, mixing, and preparing a second mixture through ultrasonic high-speed dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 30KHz, the dispersion speed is 5200r/min, and the dispersion time is 20 min;
and step 3: and (3) mixing the first mixture obtained in the step (1) and the second mixture obtained in the step (2).
Example four
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.6 part of sodium nitroprusside, 8 parts of fish protein, 6 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of spermidine, 4 parts of propyl gallate, 3.5 parts of betaine, 3 parts of proline, 2 parts of salicylic acid, 2 parts of abscisic acid, 1 part of gibberellin, 1 part of brassinolide, 1 part of paclobutrazol, 1 part of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.6 parts of 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, 60 parts of urea, 60 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 22 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 90 parts of water.
The preparation method of the cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving propyl gallate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, and brassinolide in anhydrous ethanol, and stirring to dissolve completely to obtain a first mixture;
step 2, putting sodium nitroprusside, fish protein, chitosan oligosaccharide, spermidine, betaine, proline, abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, α -naphthylacetic acid, 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, urea and monopotassium phosphate into water for one time, mixing, and preparing a second mixture through ultrasonic high-speed dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 25KHz, the dispersion speed is 5100r/min, and the dispersion time is 18 min;
and step 3: and (3) mixing the first mixture obtained in the step (1) and the second mixture obtained in the step (2).
EXAMPLE five
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.5 part of sodium nitroprusside, 10 parts of fish protein, 10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 4 parts of spermidine, 5 parts of propyl gallate, 4.5 parts of betaine, 4 parts of proline, 3 parts of salicylic acid, 3 parts of abscisic acid, 2 parts of gibberellin, 2 parts of brassinolide, 3 parts of paclobutrazol, 1.8 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 2 parts of 5-aminoacetic acid propionic acid, 100 parts of urea, 100 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 30 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 110 parts of water.
The preparation method of the cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving propyl gallate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, and brassinolide in anhydrous ethanol, and stirring to dissolve completely to obtain a first mixture;
step 2, putting sodium nitroprusside, fish protein, chitosan oligosaccharide, spermidine, betaine, proline, abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, α -naphthylacetic acid, 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, urea and monopotassium phosphate into water for one time, mixing, and preparing a second mixture through ultrasonic high-speed dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 35KHz, the dispersion speed is 5300r/min, and the dispersion time is 28 min;
and step 3: and (3) mixing the first mixture obtained in the step (1) and the second mixture obtained in the step (2).
EXAMPLE six
A cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for kiwi fruits is prepared from, by weight, 0.7 part of sodium nitroprusside, 9 parts of fish protein, 8 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3.5 parts of spermidine, 4.5 parts of propyl gallate, 4 parts of betaine, 3.5 parts of proline, 2.5 parts of salicylic acid, 2.5 parts of abscisic acid, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 1.5 parts of brassinolide, 2 parts of paclobutrazol, 1.4 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.8 parts of 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, 80 parts of urea, 80 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 26 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 100 parts of water.
The preparation method of the cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving propyl gallate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, and brassinolide in anhydrous ethanol, and stirring to dissolve completely to obtain a first mixture;
step 2, putting sodium nitroprusside, fish protein, chitosan oligosaccharide, spermidine, betaine, proline, abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, α -naphthylacetic acid, 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, urea and monopotassium phosphate into water for one time, mixing, and preparing a second mixture through ultrasonic high-speed dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 26KHz, the dispersion speed is 5100r/min, and the dispersion time is 27 min;
and step 3: and (3) mixing the first mixture obtained in the step (1) and the second mixture obtained in the step (2).
EXAMPLE seven
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.5 part of sodium nitroprusside, 10 parts of fish protein, 10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of spermidine, 4 parts of propyl gallate, 4.5 parts of betaine, 3.8 parts of proline, 2.6 parts of salicylic acid, 2.4 parts of abscisic acid, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 2 parts of brassinolide, 1 part of paclobutrazol, 1.8 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.6 parts of 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, 60 parts of urea, 100 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 22 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 110 parts of water.
The preparation method of the cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving propyl gallate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, and brassinolide in anhydrous ethanol, and stirring to dissolve completely to obtain a first mixture;
step 2, putting sodium nitroprusside, fish protein, chitosan oligosaccharide, spermidine, betaine, proline, abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, α -naphthylacetic acid, 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, urea and monopotassium phosphate into water for one time, mixing, and preparing a second mixture through ultrasonic high-speed dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 32KHz, the dispersion speed is 5200r/min, and the dispersion time is 18 min;
and step 3: and (3) mixing the first mixture obtained in the step (1) and the second mixture obtained in the step (2).
Example eight
The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.7 part of sodium nitroprusside, 9 parts of fish protein, 6 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3.5 parts of spermidine, 4.5 parts of propyl gallate, 4 parts of betaine, 4 parts of proline, 2 parts of salicylic acid, 2 parts of abscisic acid, 2 parts of gibberellin, 1 part of brassinolide, 3 parts of paclobutrazol, 1.6 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.7 parts of 5-aminoacetic acid propionic acid, 70 parts of urea, 95 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 30 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 100 parts of water.
The preparation method of the cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving propyl gallate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, and brassinolide in anhydrous ethanol, and stirring to dissolve completely to obtain a first mixture;
step 2, putting sodium nitroprusside, fish protein, chitosan oligosaccharide, spermidine, betaine, proline, abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, α -naphthylacetic acid, 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, urea and monopotassium phosphate into water for one time, mixing, and preparing a second mixture through ultrasonic high-speed dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 26KHz, the dispersion speed is 5250r/min, and the dispersion time is 27 min;
and step 3: and (3) mixing the first mixture obtained in the step (1) and the second mixture obtained in the step (2).
The above detailed description is only specific to possible embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments, modifications, and alterations without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Test example 1
In the first kiwi fruit plantation in the world of Shaanxi, three mu of test fields adjacent to each other in the kiwi fruit plantation are divided into an experiment group 1, an experiment group 2 and an experiment group 3, in the fruit tree germination period of 2 months to 3 months in 2019, kiwi fruit trees in the three experimental groups are respectively sprayed, the experimental group 1 is sprayed with clear water, the experimental group 2 randomly selects the experimental example seven for spraying, the experimental group 3 is sprayed with a mixture of urea, monopotassium phosphate and water (the effective content of the urea and the NPK in the monopotassium phosphate is the same as that of the NPK in the experimental example seven), the spraying amount of the experimental group 2 is 100 ml/mu, the spraying amount of the experimental group 3 is 100 ml/mu, the experimental group 2 and the experimental group 3 are both diluted by 100 times, the first spraying is started in 2 months, the first spraying is started in every 7 days, the spraying is started in 3 months every 15 days, and the non-differential management is realized in the control and treatment in other farming operations. The items observed during the growth of kiwifruit are: the number of buds, number of new leaves and number of buds of kiwi fruit are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 is as follows:
| treatment of | Sprout number (number/strain) | Number of New leaves (number/strain) | Bud number (number/strain) |
| Experimental group 1 | 50 | 52 | 5.3 |
| Experimental group 2 | 66 | 73 | 6.9 |
| Experimental group 3 | 54 | 59 | 5.4 |
As can be seen from table 1 in the above table, the application of the cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for kiwi fruits prepared according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention can significantly increase the number of buds, the number of new leaves and the number of flower buds of kiwi fruits, and the treatment 2 can averagely increase 32%, 40.4% and 30.2% compared with the treatment 1. Treatment 2 showed an average increase of 22.2%, 23.7% and 27.8% compared to treatment 3. The fruit tree freezing injury limits the production of fruit tree crops, and the freezing injury damages trunks or flower buds. When the foliar fertilizer is sprayed, the germination number, new leaf number and flower bud number of the kiwi fruit can be obviously improved, so that the foliar fertilizer can improve the cold resistance of the kiwi fruit, help the kiwi fruit to resist the freeze injury, and help farmers to improve the yield and increase the income.
Experimental example 2
In the second kiwi plantation from Zhou Shanxi, the four-acre test field in the kiwi plantation is divided into an experiment group 1, an experiment group 2, an experiment group 3 and an experiment group 4, in the fruit tree germination period of 2 months to 2019 months, 3 months, the experiment group 1 adopts a traditional method of earthing up, dry protecting and freezing water filling, the experiment group 2 randomly selects an experiment example eight to spray the fruit trees of the kiwi, the experiment group 3 sprays a mixture of urea, monopotassium phosphate and water (the effective content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the urea and monopotassium phosphate is the same as that in the experiment example eight), the experiment group 4 adopts a method of fertilizing to strengthen the tree vigor, and deeply ploughing, improving the soil and increasing the application of the urea and monopotassium phosphate (the effective content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the urea and monopotassium phosphate is the same as that in the experiment example eight); the spraying amount of the experimental group 2 is 100 ml/mu, the spraying amount of the experimental group 3 is 100 ml/mu, the experimental group 2 and the experimental group 3 are diluted by 100 times, the first spraying is started at the beginning of 2 months, the first spraying is started every 7 days, the first spraying is started every 15 days in 3 months, and the treatment in other farming operations is carried out with no difference. The items observed during the growth of kiwifruit are: the number of buds, number of new leaves and number of buds of Kiwi berry are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 is as follows:
as can be seen from table 2 above, the experimental group 2 performed best, the number of sprouts was 7.3%, 17.2%, 9.7% higher than the experimental group 1, the experimental group 3, and the experimental group 4, respectively, the number of new leaves was 37.5%, 6.0%, 35.4% higher than the experimental group 1, the experimental group 3, and the experimental group 4, respectively, and the number of flower buds was 24.6%, 6.6%, 24.6% higher than the experimental group 1, the experimental group 3, and the experimental group 4, respectively. Therefore, the foliar fertilizer has an obvious effect on improving the cold resistance of the kiwi fruits, and helps farmers to increase the yield and income by increasing the number of buds of branches and leaves, increasing the number of new leaves and increasing the number of buds.
The test examples described above are some of the test examples of the present invention, and not all of them. The detailed description of the test examples of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected test examples of the present invention. Based on the test examples in the present invention, all other test examples obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.5-1 part of sodium nitroprusside, 5-10 parts of fish protein, 5-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3-5 parts of spermidine, 3-5 parts of propyl gallate, 3-5 parts of betaine, 3-5 parts of proline, 1-3 parts of salicylic acid, 1-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-3 parts of gibberellin, 1-3 parts of brassinolide, 1-3 parts of paclobutrazol, 1-2 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1-2 parts of 5-aminoacetic acid propionic acid, 50-100 parts of urea, 60-120 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 20-30 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 80-120 parts of water.
2. The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.5-0.7 part of sodium nitroprusside, 8-10 parts of fish protein, 6-10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3-4 parts of spermidine, 4-5 parts of propyl gallate, 3.5-4.5 parts of betaine, 3-4 parts of proline, 2-3 parts of salicylic acid, 2-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-2 parts of gibberellin, 1-2 parts of brassinolide, 1-3 parts of paclobutrazol, 1-1.8 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.6-2 parts of 5-aminoacetic acid propionic acid, 60-100 parts of urea, 60-100 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 22-30 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 90-110 parts of water.
3. The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.5 part of sodium nitroprusside, 10 parts of fish protein, 10 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3 parts of spermidine, 4 parts of propyl gallate, 4.5 parts of betaine, 3.8 parts of proline, 2.6 parts of salicylic acid, 2.4 parts of abscisic acid, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 2 parts of brassinolide, 1 part of paclobutrazol, 1.8 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.6 parts of 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, 60 parts of urea, 100 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 22 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 110 parts of water.
4. The cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for the kiwi fruits as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 0.7 part of sodium nitroprusside, 9 parts of fish protein, 6 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3.5 parts of spermidine, 4.5 parts of propyl gallate, 4 parts of betaine, 4 parts of proline, 2 parts of salicylic acid, 2 parts of abscisic acid, 2 parts of gibberellin, 1 part of brassinolide, 3 parts of paclobutrazol, 1.6 parts of α -naphthylacetic acid, 1.7 parts of 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, 70 parts of urea, 95 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 30 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 100 parts of water.
5. The preparation method of the cold-resistant foliar fertilizer for kiwi fruits as claimed in claims 1-4, is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving propyl gallate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, and brassinolide in anhydrous ethanol, and stirring to dissolve completely to obtain a first mixture;
step 2, putting sodium nitroprusside, fish protein, chitosan oligosaccharide, spermidine, betaine, proline, abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, α -naphthylacetic acid, 5-aminoacetic propionic acid, urea and monopotassium phosphate into water for one time, mixing, and preparing a second mixture through ultrasonic high-speed dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 20-40 KHz, the dispersion speed is 5000-5400 r/min, and the dispersion time is 10-30 min;
and step 3: and (3) mixing the first mixture obtained in the step (1) and the second mixture obtained in the step (2).
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111543444A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-08-18 | 威海文隆梦阳农业发展有限公司 | Chinese medicine biological preparation plant antifreezing solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN113133457A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-20 | 轻工业环境保护研究所 | Fruit tree antifreezing agent and preparation and use method thereof |
| CN113170798A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-27 | 贵州省山地资源研究所 | Composite resistance inducer for preventing and treating early alternaria leaf spot of red-yang kiwi fruits in southern areas as well as preparation method and application of composite resistance inducer |
| CN113603522A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-11-05 | 陕西彤山生物科技有限公司 | Nutrient solution for improving drought resistance, cold resistance and disease resistance of plants and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101391919A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-03-25 | 四川大学 | A special foliar fertilizer for kiwifruit with cold resistance |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111543444A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-08-18 | 威海文隆梦阳农业发展有限公司 | Chinese medicine biological preparation plant antifreezing solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN113170798A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-27 | 贵州省山地资源研究所 | Composite resistance inducer for preventing and treating early alternaria leaf spot of red-yang kiwi fruits in southern areas as well as preparation method and application of composite resistance inducer |
| CN113170798B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-04-15 | 贵州省山地资源研究所 | Composite resistance inducer for preventing and treating early alternaria leaf spot of red-yang kiwi fruits in southern areas as well as preparation method and application of composite resistance inducer |
| CN113133457A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-20 | 轻工业环境保护研究所 | Fruit tree antifreezing agent and preparation and use method thereof |
| CN113603522A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-11-05 | 陕西彤山生物科技有限公司 | Nutrient solution for improving drought resistance, cold resistance and disease resistance of plants and preparation method thereof |
| CN113133457B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-05-03 | 北京市科学技术研究院资源环境研究所 | Fruit tree antifreezing agent and preparation and use method thereof |
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