CN110773327A - Method for flotation recovery of fine cassiterite of oxidized vein tin ore - Google Patents
Method for flotation recovery of fine cassiterite of oxidized vein tin ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN110773327A CN110773327A CN201911114277.6A CN201911114277A CN110773327A CN 110773327 A CN110773327 A CN 110773327A CN 201911114277 A CN201911114277 A CN 201911114277A CN 110773327 A CN110773327 A CN 110773327A
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- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001608 iron mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001662 tin mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052952 pyrrhotite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052891 actinolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011032 tourmaline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 brazileite Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KYRUBSWVBPYWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;iron;sulfane;tin Chemical compound S.S.S.S.[Fe].[Cu].[Cu].[Sn] KYRUBSWVBPYWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052611 pyroxene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021646 siderite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/018—Mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/007—Modifying reagents for adjusting pH or conductivity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/06—Depressants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
A method for flotation recovery of fine cassiterite of oxidized phlegmatized tin ore is provided, aiming at the difficultly-selected oxidized phlegmatized tin ore which has low tin-containing grade and contains iron oxide mineral and calcium carbonate gangue mineral, the oxidized phlegmatized tin ore is graded and deslimed to obtain selected fine mud; the fine mud enters a stirring barrel for size mixing, and then a regulator is added to adjust the pH value of the ore pulp to 6.0-8.0; adding an iron mineral inhibitor and a gangue mineral inhibitor, adding a high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent, and stirring to enable the agent to fully act; and floating out tin minerals by adopting a flotation machine to obtain a tin concentrate product. The invention adopts the flotation process flow to replace the traditional gravity separation process, greatly improves the recovery rate of the fine cassiterite of the refractory oxidized vein tin ore, simplifies the mineral separation process flow, effectively utilizes the limited resources, has obvious better enterprise economic benefit than the traditional gravity separation process, and has wide application and popularization prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metal beneficiation methods, in particular to a method for recovering fine cassiterite of oxidized vein tin ore.
Background
The ore types of tin-bearing minerals are generally classified into cassiterite, brazileite, cassiterite sulfide. The ore types are different, and the processing and preparation methods (or process flows) before tin selection are greatly different. The recovery method of tin mainly comprises the following steps according to the grade content and the granularity difference: coarse-grained cassiterite of the three ore types is recovered by adopting a full gravity separation process; the fine-grained cassiterites of cassiterite and tinpot oxide are basically recovered by a full gravity separation process, most of the fine-grained cassiterites of cassiterite sulfide ores are recovered by the full gravity separation process, and the recovery by a flotation process or a float-gravity combined process is reported in recent years.
The oxidized vein tin ore slime is a material obtained by collecting primary slime and secondary slime in a production process, the granularity is generally less than 37 mu m, the tin content is 0.2-0.8%, the iron content is 8-16%, and the calcium oxide content is 35-50%; the mineral composition is complex, the useful minerals mainly comprise cassiterite, the metal minerals mainly comprise hematite, limonite, maghemite and earthy limonite, the metal minerals account for 30-40% of the minerals, and the pyrite, the pyrrhotite and the siderite are fewer; the gangue minerals mainly comprise calcite accounting for 30-40% of the minerals, and secondarily comprise dolomite, quartz, feldspar, mica, actinolite, chlorite, fluorite and the like accounting for 25-30% of the minerals, and fewer pyroxene, garnet and illite are contained. The tin mineral in the mud ore is mainly fine-grained cassiterite, the monomer dissociation degree of the cassiterite is generally 60-80%, the combined body is mostly combined with iron mineral, and the fine grains are embedded in minerals such as calcite and mica in a wrapping and embedding mode.
Because the properties of the oxidized vein tin slime are complex, the floatability of iron oxide minerals and calcium carbonate minerals in the slime is closer to that of cassiterite, and an ideal index is difficult to obtain by adopting a flotation method, so that the oxidized vein tin slime is recovered by a conventional gravity separation method. The common gravity separation process comprises the process flows of multiple soil separation grooves, multiple table separation, six-layer bed rough separation, belt chute fine separation, scavenging and the like. Because the gravity separation equipment has limited recovery of cassiterite with the size fraction smaller than 37 mu m, the recovery rate of the mud ore fine cassiterite is low, the gravity separation operation recovery rate is generally only 25-35%, the recovery rate of a mud ore feeding system is only 15-25%, a large amount of fine cassiterite is lost in tailings, and the improvement of the overall recovery rate of a separation plant and the economic benefit are influenced.
In conclusion, for the oxidized vein tin ore mud ore, the traditional full gravity separation process technology is difficult to effectively recover the fine-grained cassiterite, and the tin resource cannot be effectively utilized. With the economic development and the technical progress, the demand of various industries on tin metal is gradually increased, and the research on the effective utilization technology of fine-grained tin resources is of practical significance more and more.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide a processing method for flotation recovery of the fine cassiterite of the oxidized vein tin ore, so as to replace the traditional gravity separation process, obtain a tin concentrate product, improve the recovery rate of the fine cassiterite of the refractory vein tin ore and simplify the process flow of ore dressing.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for flotation recovery of fine cassiterite of oxidized gangue tin ore is completed according to the following steps aiming at the difficultly selected oxidized gangue tin ore which has low tin grade and contains iron oxide mineral and calcium carbonate gangue mineral:
(1) grading and desliming the stannic oxide ore mud to obtain selected fine mud;
(2) the fine mud enters a stirring barrel for size mixing, and then a regulator is added to adjust the pH value of the ore pulp to 6.0-8.0;
(3) adding an iron mineral inhibitor and a gangue mineral inhibitor, adding a high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent, and stirring to enable the agent to fully act;
(4) and floating out tin minerals by adopting a flotation machine to obtain a tin concentrate product.
The refractory gangue tin oxide ore with low tin grade and high iron oxide mineral and calcium carbonate gangue mineral content is slime with granularity of less than 37 mu m, tin content of 0.2-0.8%, iron content of 8-16% and calcium oxide content of 35-50%.
The classification and desliming are composed of primary classification and primary desliming, the classification is carried out in a classification deep cone cyclone with the diameter of 150mm, the ore feeding pressure is controlled to be 0.10-0.15 Mpa, the ore feeding concentration is 8-12%, the diameter of a sand setting nozzle of the classification deep cone cyclone is 16-22 mm, the sand setting of the classification deep cone cyclone enters the subsequent cassiterite flotation operation, and the overflow of the classification deep cone cyclone enters the subsequent desliming operation; the desliming is carried out in a desliming deep cone cyclone with the diameter of 100mm, the ore feeding pressure is controlled to be 0.15-0.2 Mpa, the ore feeding concentration is 6-10%, the diameter of a sand setting nozzle of the desliming deep cone cyclone is 16-20 mm, the sand setting of the desliming deep cone cyclone returns to the grading deep cone cyclone for ore feeding, a closed process of grading and desliming a cyclone is formed, and the overflow of the desliming deep cone cyclone is discarded as micro-fine mud tailings.
The method comprises the steps of putting settled sand of a grading deep cone cyclone into a stirring barrel for size mixing, controlling the mass concentration of ore pulp to be 30-40%, adding an acidic or alkaline regulator, and stirring; the dosage of the alkaline or acidic regulator is 100-1000 g per ton of ore, the mixture is stirred for 5-10 minutes, and the pH value of ore pulp is controlled to be 6.0-8.0.
Adding an iron mineral inhibitor DF-1 into ore pulp with the adjusted pH value, wherein the dosage of the iron mineral inhibitor DF-1 is 100-600 g per ton of ore; adding gangue mineral inhibitor MS-2 with the dosage of 100-300 g per ton of ore, and stirring for 3-5 minutes.
According to the invention, the ore pulp added with the inhibitor is added with the high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and the auxiliary collecting agent P86, and the using amounts of the high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and the auxiliary collecting agent P86 are respectively 400-800 g and 100-200 g per ton of ore, and the ore pulp is stirred for 5-10 minutes.
The method adopts a flotation machine to float out tin minerals, the flotation process comprises primary roughing, 2-3 times of scavenging and three times of concentration, middlings subjected to scavenging and concentration are sequentially returned to the last operation procedure, tin concentrate with tin content of 7-12% is obtained through flotation, and tailings are discarded. And sweeping the objects in the tank after the flotation and roughing, adding a high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and an auxiliary collecting agent P86 in each sweeping, wherein the using amounts of the high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and the auxiliary collecting agent P86 are 1/3-1/4 of the using amount of roughing, and stirring for 5-10 minutes each time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method adopts the process flows of graded desliming and cassiterite flotation to treat refractory oxidized gangue cassiterite ores with low tin grade (0.2-0.8%), high iron content (8-16%) and high calcium carbonate content (35-50%) and recover fine cassiterite with the grain size of 37-10 microns, and greatly improves the index of recovery rate of tin concentrate products compared with the traditional gravity separation process flow. The recovery rate of tin operation in the traditional gravity separation process is only 25-35%, the recovery rate of a system for feeding mud ores is only 15-25%, and a large amount of fine-grained cassiterite is lost in tailings; by adopting the method, the recovery rate of tin operation can be improved to 70-88%, the system recovery rate of feeding the mud ore can be improved to 50-60%, and the metal content of tin concentrate is increased. Compared with the traditional gravity separation process, the method has the advantages of simple process flow, small occupied area of plants and facilities, short flow, easy operation and management, effective utilization of limited tin ore resources, obvious economic benefit of enterprises superior to that of the traditional gravity separation process, popularization and application in the recovery of fine cassiterite in the development and utilization of tin stockpiled tailings, and good application and popularization prospects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for flotation recovery of fine cassiterite of paradoxine oxide ore is used for flotation recovery of the low-grade fine cassiterite of paradoxine oxide ore with granularity smaller than 37 mu m, tin content of 0.2-0.8%, iron content of 8-16% and calcium oxide content of 35-50% according to the following steps:
(1) grading and desliming the stannic oxide ore mud to obtain selected fine mud. The classification and desliming are composed of primary classification and primary desliming, the classification is carried out in a classification deep cone cyclone with the diameter of 150mm, the ore feeding pressure is controlled to be 0.10-0.15 Mpa, the ore feeding concentration is 8-12%, the diameter of a sand setting nozzle of the classification deep cone cyclone is 16-22 mm, the sand setting of the classification deep cone cyclone enters the subsequent cassiterite flotation operation, and the overflow of the classification deep cone cyclone enters the subsequent desliming operation; the desliming is carried out in a desliming deep cone cyclone with the diameter of 100mm, the ore feeding pressure is controlled to be 0.15-0.2 Mpa, the ore feeding concentration is 6-10%, the diameter of a sand setting nozzle of the desliming deep cone cyclone is 16-20 mm, the sand setting of the desliming deep cone cyclone returns to the grading deep cone cyclone for ore feeding, a closed process of grading and desliming a cyclone is formed, and the overflow of the desliming deep cone cyclone is discarded as micro-fine mud tailings;
(2) the fine mud enters a stirring barrel for pulp mixing, the mass concentration of the ore pulp is controlled to be 30-40%, and an acidic or alkaline regulator is added for stirring; stirring the alkaline or acidic regulator for 5 to 10 minutes according to the dosage of 100 to 1000g of the alkaline or acidic regulator per ton of ore, and controlling the pH value of ore pulp to 6.0 to 8.0;
(3) adding an iron mineral inhibitor DF-1 into the ore pulp with the adjusted pH value, wherein the dosage of the iron mineral inhibitor DF-1 is 100-600 g per ton of ore; adding gangue mineral inhibitor MS-2 with the dosage of 100-300 g per ton of ore, stirring for 3-5 minutes, adding high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and auxiliary collecting agent P86, stirring for 5-10 minutes with the dosages of 400-800 g and 100-200 g per ton of ore respectively, and stirring to enable the agent to fully act;
(4) and floating out tin minerals by adopting a flotation machine to obtain a tin concentrate product. The flotation process comprises one-time roughing, 2-3 times of scavenging and three-time concentration, and middlings subjected to scavenging and concentration are returned to the last operation procedure in sequence. And sweeping the objects in the tank after the flotation and roughing, adding a high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and an auxiliary collecting agent P86 in each sweeping, wherein the using amounts of the high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and the auxiliary collecting agent P86 are 1/3-1/4 of the using amount of roughing, and stirring for 5-10 minutes each time. And finally, carrying out flotation to obtain tin concentrate with tin content of 7-12%, and discarding tailings.
Example 2
Vein tin oxide ore fine cassiterite (vein tin oxide ore slime) properties: chemical composition of Sn0.546%, Fe11.54%, CaO38.12%, S0.186%, SiO
22.12 percent. And (3) size fraction analysis: the yield of the grain fraction is 83.94 percent and is less than 37 mu m, wherein the yield of the grain fraction is 39.44 percent and the tin metal rate is 26.1 percent. The useful minerals are mainly cassiterite, the mineral content is 0.82%, the metal minerals are mainly hematite, clay, iron-dyed clay, pyrrhotite (in small amount) and the like, the mineral content is 33.56%, and gangue minerals such as calcite, mica, quartz, feldspar, actinolite, chlorite and the like account for 65.62% of the mineral content. The distribution rate of the stannite tin is 89.81%, and the distribution rate of the acid-soluble tin is 10.19%. The cassiterite mainly forms symbiotic embedding relation with hematite, limonite, calcite, mica, quartz and other minerals. The cassiterite has a fine particle size, mainly ranges from 10 to 15 mu m, and the distribution rate of the cassiterite is as high as 77.62 percent. The cassiterite produced in the form of a single body accounted for 79.81% of the tin metal rate, and the cassiterites produced in the form of contiguous, wrapped inlays cumulatively accounted for only 20.89% of the tin metal rate. Belongs to the relatively difficult-to-select tin oxide slime with low tin content, high iron content and high calcium oxide content.
The process conditions are as follows: the method comprises the following steps of classifying the mud ore by a phi 150mm classifying deep cone cyclone, desliming the mud ore by a phi 100mm desliming deep cone cyclone in a classifying overflow mode, controlling the pressure of the classifying deep cone cyclone and the pressure of the desliming deep cone cyclone to be 0.15Mpa and 0.2Mpa respectively, and controlling the ore feeding concentration to be 10 percent and 10 percent respectively to obtain a cassiterite flotation ore feeding material, wherein the main grain size range of the material is 37-10 mu m, and the grain size yield of less than 10 mu m accounts for 7.53 percent. The desliming overflow tin metal rate is 30%. The fine mud enters a stirring barrel for pulp mixing, the mass concentration of the ore pulp is controlled to be 35%, 400g/t of sodium carbonate is added, and the mixture is stirred for 5 minutes for pulp mixing until the pH value is 6.5-7.0; adding iron mineral inhibitor DF-1 and gangue mineral inhibitor MS-2 with the dosage of 150g/t and 300g/t respectively, and stirring for 3 minutes respectively; adding the high-efficiency cassiterite collector GX-4 and the auxiliary collector P86 with the dosage of 500g/t and 150g/t respectively, and stirring for 5 minutes and 8 minutes respectively. Inflating the flotation machine and scraping bubbles for 6 minutes to a flotation end point to obtain roughed bubbles; adding a high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and an auxiliary collecting agent P86 into the roughing tank respectively, wherein the using amounts of the high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and the auxiliary collecting agent P86 are one third of the using amounts of the roughing agent, the stirring time is the same as that of the roughing agent, carrying out primary scavenging, and the foam scraping time is 3 minutes; the dosage and stirring time of the second scavenging are the same as those of the first scavenging, and the foam scraping time is 2 minutes; the dosage of the third scavenging is one fourth of that of the rough concentration, the stirring time is the same as that of the rough concentration, and the foam scraping time is 1 minute and 30 bills. And (4) roughing the foam, sequentially carrying out blank concentration for three times, wherein the foam scraping time is 6 minutes, 3 minutes and 30 seconds, and 2 minutes and 30 seconds respectively. Finally, cassiterite flotation tin concentrate with tin grade of 8.45% is obtained, the operation recovery rate is 84.21%, and the recovery rate of a mud ore system is 58%.
Example 3
The properties of the oxidized vein tin ore mud ore are as follows: chemical composition of Sn0.386%, Fe15.13%, CaO35.28%, S0.119%, SiO
21.82 percent. And (3) size fraction analysis: the yield of the grain fraction of less than 37 μm is 80.32%, wherein the yield of the grain fraction of less than 10 μm is 33.65%, and the tin metal rate is 25.21%. The useful minerals mainly comprise cassiterite with a mineral content of 0.42%, the metal minerals mainly comprise limonite, hematite, clay, iron-dyed clay and the like with a mineral content of 44.23%, and the gangue minerals comprise calcite, mica, quartz, feldspar, tourmaline, chlorite, garnet and the like with a mineral content of 55.35%. The distribution rate of the cassiterite tin is 90.64 percent, and the distribution rate of the acid-soluble tin is 9.36 percent. The symbiotic embedding relationship of the cassiterite and the main minerals, the cassiterite crystal size and the monomer dissociation degree are similar to those of the first sample. The tin content of the sample is lower than that of the sample in example 2, the iron content is much higher than that of the sample in example 2, and the content of calcium oxide is similar to that of the sample in example 2. Ore availability is worse than in example 2.
The process conditions are as follows: classifying the mud ore by a classification deep cone cyclone with phi 150mm, desliming the mud ore by a classification overflow deep cone cyclone with phi 100mm, respectively controlling the pressure of the classification deep cone cyclone and the pressure of the desliming deep cone cyclone to be 0.12Mpa and 0.15Mpa, respectively controlling the ore feeding concentration to be 12 percent and 8 percent, obtaining cassiterite flotation ore feeding materials, and obtaining the cassiterite flotation ore feeding materials through classification and desliming, wherein the main grain size range is 37-10 mu m, and the grain size yield of less than 10 mu m accounts for 9.33%; the desliming overflow tin metal rate is 32%. The fine mud enters a stirring barrel for pulp mixing, the mass concentration of the ore pulp is controlled at 40%, 1000g/t of sodium carbonate is added, stirring is carried out for 10 minutes, and the pulp mixing is carried out until the pH value is 7.5-8.0; adding iron mineral inhibitor DF-1 and gangue mineral inhibitor MS-2 with the dosage of 600g/t and 200g/t respectively, and stirring for 5 minutes respectively; adding the high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and the auxiliary collecting agent P86 with the dosage of 800g/t and 200g/t respectively, and stirring for 5 minutes and 8 minutes respectively. Inflating the flotation machine and scraping bubbles for 6 minutes to a flotation end point to obtain roughed bubbles; adding a high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and an auxiliary collecting agent P86 into the roughing tank respectively, wherein the using amounts of the high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and the auxiliary collecting agent P86 are one third of the using amounts of the roughing agent, the stirring time is the same as that of the roughing agent, carrying out primary scavenging, and the foam scraping time is 3 minutes; the adding amount of the second scavenging is one fourth of that of the roughing, the stirring time is the same as that of the first scavenging, and the foam scraping time is 2 minutes; the dosage of the third scavenging is one fourth of that of the roughing, the stirring time is the same as that of the first scavenging, and the foam scraping time is 2 minutes. And (4) roughing the foam, sequentially carrying out blank selection for three times, wherein the foam scraping time is 6 minutes, 4 minutes and 3 minutes respectively. Finally, cassiterite flotation tin concentrate with tin grade of 7.95% is obtained, the operation recovery rate is 75.82%, and the recovery rate of a mud ore system is 52%.
Example 4
The properties of the oxidized vein tin ore mud ore are as follows: chemical composition of Sn0.193%, Fe7.98%, CaO44.60%, S0.136%, SiO
21.80 percent. And (3) size fraction analysis: the yield of the grain fraction of less than 37 μm is 74.5%, wherein the yield of the grain fraction of less than 10 μm is 30.78%, and the tin metal rate is 18.09%. The useful minerals mainly comprise cassiterite, the mineral content is 0.36%, the metal minerals mainly comprise hematite, limonite, clay, iron-dyed clay, pyrrhotite, pyrite and the like, the mineral content is 40.42%, and gangue minerals such as calcite, dolomite, tourmaline, mica, illite, quartz, feldspar, fluorite and the like account for 59.22% of the total mineral content. The distribution rate of the cassiterite tin is 98.43 percent, and the distribution rate of the acid-soluble tin is 1.67 percent. The intergrowth and the distribution relationship of the cassiterite and the main minerals, the crystallization particle size of the cassiterite and the degree of monomer dissociation are similar to those of the embodiment 2. The samples containing tin and ironBoth are lower than in example 3 and the calcium oxide content is much higher than in examples 2 and 3. The ore selectivity is inferior to that of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3.
The process conditions are as follows: classifying the mud ore by a phi 150mm classifying deep cone cyclone, desliming the mud ore by a phi 100mm desliming deep cone cyclone in a classifying overflow mode, respectively controlling the pressure of the classifying deep cone cyclone and the pressure of the desliming deep cone cyclone to be 0.1Mpa and 0.18Mpa, respectively controlling the ore feeding concentration to be 8 percent and 6 percent, obtaining cassiterite flotation ore feeding materials, and obtaining the cassiterite flotation ore feeding materials through classification and desliming, wherein the main grain size range is 37-10 mu m, and the grain size yield of less than 10 mu m accounts for 6.86 percent; the desliming overflow tin metal rate is 25%. The fine mud enters a stirring barrel for pulp mixing, the mass concentration of the ore pulp is controlled at 30%, 10g/t of oxalic acid is added, and the mixture is stirred for 6 minutes for pulp mixing until the pH value is 6.0-6.5; adding iron mineral inhibitor DF-1 and gangue mineral inhibitor MS-2 with the dosage of 100g/t and 100g/t respectively, and stirring for 4 minutes respectively; adding the high-efficiency cassiterite collector GX-4 and the auxiliary collector P86 with the dosage of 400g/t and 150g/t respectively, and stirring for 8 minutes and 10 minutes respectively. Inflating the flotation machine and scraping bubbles for 5 minutes to a flotation end point to obtain roughed bubbles; adding a high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and an auxiliary collecting agent P86 into the roughing tank respectively, wherein the using amounts of the high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent GX-4 and the auxiliary collecting agent P86 are one third of the using amounts of the roughing agent, the stirring time is the same as that of the roughing agent, carrying out primary scavenging, and the foam scraping time is 2 minutes and 30 seconds; the adding amount of the second scavenging is one fourth of that of the rough scavenging, the stirring time is the same as that of the first scavenging, and the foam scraping time is 1 minute and 30 seconds. And (4) roughing the foam, sequentially carrying out blank selection for three times, wherein the foam scraping time is 5 minutes, 4 minutes and 3 minutes respectively. Finally, cassiterite flotation tin concentrate with tin grade of 7.10% is obtained, the operation recovery rate is 70.36%, and the recovery rate of a mud ore system is 53%.
The grading deep cone cyclone and the desliming deep cone cyclone are all prior art equipment, and the roughing, scavenging and selecting can be carried out in the prior art equipment. The acid regulator, the alkaline regulator, the iron mineral inhibitor DF-1, the gangue mineral inhibitor MS-2, the cassiterite collector GX-4, the auxiliary collector P86 and the like can be purchased from the market.
Claims (8)
1. The method for flotation recovery of the fine cassiterite of the vein tin oxide ore is characterized by comprising the following steps of aiming at the difficultly selected vein tin oxide ore which is low in tin content and high in iron oxide-containing mineral and calcium carbonate vein stone-containing mineral:
(1) grading and desliming the stannic oxide ore mud to obtain selected fine mud;
(2) the fine mud enters a stirring barrel for size mixing, and then a regulator is added to adjust the pH value of the ore pulp to 6.0-8.0;
(3) adding an iron mineral inhibitor and a gangue mineral inhibitor, adding a high-efficiency cassiterite collecting agent, and stirring to enable the agent to fully act;
(4) and floating out tin minerals by adopting a flotation machine to obtain a tin concentrate product.
2. The method for flotation recovery of cassiterite containing fine particles of cassiterite according to claim 1, wherein the refractory cassiterite containing low grade tin and high gangue minerals of iron oxide and calcium carbonate is slime with a particle size of less than 37 μm, tin content of 0.2-0.8%, iron content of 8-16%, and calcium oxide content of 35-50%.
3. The method for flotation and recovery of cassiterite fine particles according to claim 1, wherein the classification and desliming are composed of primary classification and primary desliming, the classification is carried out in a classification deep cone cyclone with the diameter of 150mm, the ore feeding pressure is controlled to be 0.10-0.15 Mpa, the ore feeding concentration is 8-12%, the diameter of a sand setting nozzle of the classification deep cone cyclone is 16-22 mm, the sand setting of the classification deep cone cyclone enters the subsequent cassiterite flotation operation, and the overflow of the classification deep cone cyclone enters the subsequent desliming operation; the desliming is carried out in a desliming deep cone cyclone with the diameter of 100mm, the ore feeding pressure is controlled to be 0.15-0.2 Mpa, the ore feeding concentration is 6-10%, the diameter of a sand setting nozzle of the desliming deep cone cyclone is 16-20 mm, the sand setting of the desliming deep cone cyclone returns to the grading deep cone cyclone for ore feeding, a closed process of grading and desliming a cyclone is formed, and the overflow of the desliming deep cone cyclone is discarded as micro-fine mud tailings.
4. The method for flotation recovery of cassiterite fine particles according to claim 3, wherein the settled sand of the grading deep cone cyclone enters a stirring barrel for size mixing, the mass concentration of ore pulp is controlled to be 30-40%, and an acidic or alkaline regulator is added for stirring; the dosage of the alkaline or acidic regulator is 100-1000 g per ton of ore, the mixture is stirred for 5-10 minutes, and the pH value of ore pulp is controlled to be 6.0-8.0.
5. The method for flotation recovery of cassiterite containing oxidized vein tin ore fine particles according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that iron mineral inhibitor DF-1 is added to the ore slurry with adjusted pH value, and the amount is 100-600 g per ton ore; adding gangue mineral inhibitor MS-2 with the dosage of 100-300 g per ton of ore, and stirring for 3-5 minutes.
6. The method for flotation recovery of the fine cassiterite of the oxidized phlegmatizer ore according to claim 5, wherein the ore pulp added with the inhibitor is added with the high-efficiency cassiterite collector GX-4 and the auxiliary collector P86, and the usage amounts of the high-efficiency cassiterite collector GX-4 and the auxiliary collector P86 are respectively 400-800 g and 100-200 g per ton of ore, and the ore pulp is stirred for 5-10 minutes.
7. The method for flotation recovery of the stannic oxide ore fine cassiterite according to claim 6, wherein the flotation machine is adopted to float out tin minerals, the flotation process comprises one roughing, 2-3 times of scavenging and three times of concentration, middlings of scavenging and concentration are returned to the previous operation process in sequence, tin concentrate with tin grade of 7-12% is obtained through flotation, and tailings are discarded.
8. The method for flotation and recovery of oxidized vein tin ore fine-grained cassiterite according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that scavenging is carried out on the objects in the tank after flotation and roughing, a high-efficiency cassiterite collector GX-4 and an auxiliary collector P86 are added in each scavenging, the usage amounts of the high-efficiency cassiterite collector GX-4 and the auxiliary collector P86 are 1/3-1/4 of the usage amount of roughing, and stirring is carried out for 5-10 minutes each time.
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