CN110761889A - Ignition type two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine combustion chamber in cylinder - Google Patents
Ignition type two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine combustion chamber in cylinder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110761889A CN110761889A CN201910943833.4A CN201910943833A CN110761889A CN 110761889 A CN110761889 A CN 110761889A CN 201910943833 A CN201910943833 A CN 201910943833A CN 110761889 A CN110761889 A CN 110761889A
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- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- ignition
- combustion chamber
- chamber
- heavy oil
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/08—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
- F02B23/10—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/08—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
- F02B23/10—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder
- F02B2023/106—Tumble flow, i.e. the axis of rotation of the main charge flow motion is horizontal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of engines, and particularly discloses a combustion chamber of a spark-ignition two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine in a cylinder, which comprises: the ignition device comprises an oil injection cavity, an ignition cavity, a middle cavity, a first mounting hole, a second mounting hole and a transition cavity, wherein one side of the ignition cavity is communicated with the oil injection cavity, the middle cavity is arranged between the top of a piston and the bottom of a combustion chamber, and the transition cavity is communicated with the other side of the ignition cavity. According to the invention, the combustion chamber is designed into a curved surface structure from high to low, so that air turbulence is formed in the combustion chamber when the air cylinder compresses air, the combination effect between heavy oil mist and air is improved, the air fluidity in the combustion chamber is also improved, the propagation speed of flame during combustion is accelerated, the air turbulence is converged at the main combustion hole of the spark plug, and carbon deposition at the main combustion hole is reduced; the combustion chamber is arranged in the cylinder cover, so that the forming time of air turbulence is shortened, the combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber is improved, the rotational inertia of the piston is reduced, and the overall performance of the engine is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a combustion chamber of a spark-ignition two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine.
Background
Spark ignition piston engines, especially two-stroke engines, have a wide application in the fields of military special vehicles and aviation medium and small unmanned helicopters, due to the advantages of simple mechanical structure, high efficiency, light weight, large power per liter and the like. Compared with gasoline, heavy oil has high flash point, better use safety and easy transportation, but has lower flame propagation speed and poorer antiknock property during combustion, while knocking is an abnormal combustion phenomenon on a spark ignition type engine, and can influence the power output, increase the fuel consumption and even damage important parts of the engine when serious. And because the fluidity of air is poor, carbon deposit is easily formed at the ignition part of a spark plug in the combustion process of the conventional combustion chamber, so that the spark plug is damaged, and the ignition performance of an engine is seriously influenced. Especially for the low flame propagation velocity during the combustion of heavy oil, it is important to obtain a high air flow in the combustion chamber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combustion chamber of a direct injection engine in a spark-ignition two-stroke heavy oil cylinder, so that the defects that flame propagation speed is poor and knocking is easily generated when a heavy oil engine is combusted due to poor air fluidity in the combustion chamber are overcome; and the defect that the main combustion hole of the spark plug is easy to deposit carbon due to poor air fluidity in the combustion chamber is overcome.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a combustion chamber of a spark-ignition two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine, comprising: the auxiliary gas metering injection valve is arranged in the first mounting hole in a mode that a nozzle faces downwards; the ignition cavity is arranged in an engine cylinder cover, one side of the ignition cavity is communicated with the oil injection cavity, the cavity wall of the ignition cavity is a curved surface, the cavity opening of the ignition cavity faces downwards, two second mounting holes are symmetrically formed in the top of the ignition cavity, and the spark plug is mounted in the second mounting holes in a mode that the main combustion hole faces downwards; the maximum height in the ignition cavity is lower than the maximum height in the oil injection cavity; and the middle cavity is an area formed by the top of the piston and the bottom of the combustion chamber when the engine piston reaches the top dead center.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the other side of the ignition cavity is further provided with a transition cavity, the transition cavity is communicated with the ignition cavity, the cavity wall of the transition cavity is a curved surface with a cavity opening facing downwards, and the maximum height in the cavity is lower than the maximum height of the ignition cavity.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the axes of the two second mounting holes intersect with each other, and an intersection point falls in the ignition chamber.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, an included angle formed by intersecting axes of the two second mounting holes is 30 degrees to 320 degrees.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, an included angle between an axis of the first mounting hole and a horizontal plane is 15 degrees to 150 degrees.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the ratio of the height to the length of the ignition cavity is 1-1.5, the ratio of the length to the width of the ignition cavity is 2-5, and the ratio of the width to the height of the ignition cavity is 1.5-3.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the ratio of the length to the height of the oil spraying cavity is 2-4, the ratio of the length to the width of the oil spraying cavity is 1-2, and the ratio of the width to the height of the oil spraying cavity is 1-3.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the thickness of the middle cavity is 0.5mm to 1.2 mm.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the ratio of the diameter to the thickness of the middle cavity is 3-10.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the oil injection cavity, the ignition cavity and the transition cavity are all of curved surface structures, the heights of the oil injection cavity, the ignition cavity and the transition cavity are sequentially reduced, when the piston compresses gas, a plurality of tumble areas are formed in the whole combustion chamber, the tumble ratio in the combustion chamber is improved, heavy oil and air are fully mixed, the combustion speed of the heavy oil is improved, and the detonation phenomenon is weakened.
2. According to the invention, the oil injection cavity, the ignition cavity and the transition cavity are arranged in the cylinder cover of the engine, so that turbulence can be formed at the ignition position of the ignition plug at the first time, the thickness of the piston is prevented from being increased for arranging a combustion chamber, and the rotational inertia of the piston is reduced.
3. The air turbulence formed inside the combustion chamber is gathered at the ignition cavity, and the air flow rate at the main combustion hole of the spark plug is increased, so that carbon deposition is not easily formed at the main combustion hole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the combustion chamber of a direct injection engine with ignition type two-stroke heavy oil cylinder according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the turbulent flow direction in the front view direction of the combustion chamber.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the turbulent flow direction in the top view of the combustion chamber.
Description of the main reference numerals:
1-oil spraying cavity, 2-first mounting hole, 3-ignition cavity, 4-second mounting hole, 5-middle cavity and 6-transition cavity.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the combustion chamber of a spark-ignition two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine in the embodiment comprises: the fuel injection cavity comprises a fuel injection cavity 1, a first mounting hole 2, an ignition cavity 3, a second mounting hole 4, an intermediate cavity 5 and a transition cavity 6. The oil injection cavity 1 is arranged in an engine cylinder cover, the cavity wall is a curved surface, and a cavity opening is downwards arranged on the mounting surface of the engine cylinder cover and the cylinder body; the ratio of the length to the height of the oil spraying cavity 1 is 2-4, the ratio of the length to the width is 1-2, and the ratio of the width to the height is 1-3; a first mounting hole 2 is formed at the top of the oil injection cavity 1, the auxiliary gas metering injection valve is mounted in the first mounting hole 2 in a mode that a nozzle faces downwards, and an included angle between the axis of the mounting hole 2 and the horizontal plane (a mounting angle of the auxiliary gas metering injection valve) is 15-150 degrees. The ignition cavity 2 is arranged in an engine cylinder cover, the cavity wall is a curved surface, a cavity opening is downwards arranged on the mounting surface of the engine cylinder cover and the cylinder body, one side of the ignition cavity 3 is communicated with the oil injection cavity 1, and the maximum height in the ignition cavity 3 is lower than the maximum height in the cavity of the oil injection cavity 1; the ratio of the height to the length of the ignition cavity 3 is 1-1.5, the ratio of the length to the width is 2-5, and the ratio of the width to the height is 1.5-3; two second mounting holes 4 are symmetrically formed in the top of the ignition cavity 3, the spark plug is mounted in the second mounting holes 3 in a mode that the main combustion hole faces downwards, and the included angle formed by intersecting axes of the two second mounting holes 4 (the mounting angle of the spark plug) is 30-320 degrees. The middle cavity 5 is an area formed by the top of the piston and the bottom of the combustion chamber when the piston of the engine reaches a top dead center, the thickness of the middle cavity 5 is 0.5mm to 1.2mm, and the ratio of the diameter to the thickness is 3-10. The transition chamber 6 is arranged at the other side of the ignition chamber 3 and is communicated with the ignition chamber 3, the chamber wall of the transition chamber 6 is a curved surface, the chamber opening is downward, and the maximum height in the chamber is lower than that of the ignition chamber 3.
Next, the operation principle of the combustion chamber of the spark-ignition two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine in this embodiment will be described in detail to make those skilled in the art more understand the present invention:
1. as shown in fig. 2 and 3, when the piston of the engine compresses air, since the structure of the inside of the combustion chamber is configured by a curved surface from high to low, gas turbulence is formed in the direction from the fuel injection chamber 1 to the transition chamber 6 as shown in fig. 2, and gas turbulence rolling from the center to both sides is formed inside each chamber, but each gas turbulence is concentrated at the main combustion holes of the two spark plugs.
2. Since the combustion chamber is provided on the engine head, when the piston starts moving upward to compress the gas (i.e., when the height of the intermediate chamber 5 starts to be recovered at the maximum), a turbulent flow of the gas in the combustion chamber is formed, thereby improving the efficiency of the turbulent flow formation.
3. The auxiliary gas heavy oil metering injection valve injects atomized gas of heavy oil into the combustion chamber, the atomized gas is brought to a main combustion hole of the spark plug by turbulence and is converged, and meanwhile, the oil mist and air can be fully mixed due to good gas fluidity; when the spark plug ignites the oil mist mixed gas, the turbulent flow accelerates the flow velocity of the air due to the combustion flame propagation velocity determined by the flowing velocity of the air, so that the flame propagation velocity after the oil mist is ignited is accelerated, the deflagration phenomenon is reduced, the oil mist can be fully combusted, and the generation of carbon deposition is slowed down.
4. Air turbulence can be accumulated at the main combustion hole of the spark plug, so that the air fluidity at the main combustion hole is best, and the main combustion hole is continuously impacted by airflow, so that carbon deposition is not easily formed.
In conclusion, the combustion chamber is designed into a curved surface structure from high to low, so that air turbulence is formed in the combustion chamber when the air cylinder compresses air, the combination effect between heavy oil mist and air is improved, the air fluidity in the combustion chamber is also improved, the propagation speed of flame during combustion is accelerated, the air turbulence is converged at the main combustion hole of the spark plug, and carbon deposition at the main combustion hole is reduced; the combustion chamber is arranged in the cylinder cover, so that the forming time of air turbulence is shortened, the combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber is improved, the rotational inertia of the piston is reduced, and the overall performance of the engine is improved.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A spark-ignited two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine combustion chamber, comprising:
the auxiliary gas and heavy oil metering injection valve is characterized by comprising an oil injection cavity (1) which is arranged in an engine cylinder cover, wherein the cavity wall of the oil injection cavity (1) is a curved surface, the cavity opening of the oil injection cavity faces downwards, a first installation hole (2) is formed in the top of the oil injection cavity (1), and the auxiliary gas and heavy oil metering injection valve is installed in the first installation hole (2) in a mode that a nozzle faces downwards;
the ignition cavity (3) is arranged in an engine cylinder cover, one side of the ignition cavity (3) is communicated with the oil injection cavity (1), the cavity wall of the ignition cavity (3) is a curved surface, the cavity opening of the ignition cavity is downward, two second mounting holes (4) are symmetrically formed in the top of the ignition cavity (3), and the spark plug is mounted in the second mounting holes (3) in a mode that the main combustion hole is downward; the maximum height in the ignition cavity (3) is lower than the maximum height in the oil injection cavity (1); and
and the middle cavity (5) is an area formed by the top of the piston and the bottom of the combustion chamber when the engine piston reaches the top dead center.
2. A spark ignition type two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that a transition chamber (6) is further provided on the other side of the ignition chamber (3), the transition chamber (6) is communicated with the ignition chamber (3), the wall of the transition chamber (6) is curved and has a downward opening, and the maximum height in the chamber is lower than the maximum height of the ignition chamber (3).
3. A spark-ignition two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the axes of the two second mounting holes (4) intersect each other and the intersection point falls within the ignition chamber (3).
4. The combustion chamber of a spark-ignition two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine according to claim 1, wherein the axes of the two second mounting holes (4) intersect at an angle of 30 to 320 degrees.
5. The spark-ignition two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine combustion chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle between the axis of the first mounting hole (2) and the horizontal plane is 15 to 150 degrees.
6. The combustion chamber of the spark-ignition two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the height to the length of the ignition cavity (3) is 1-1.5, the ratio of the length to the width of the ignition cavity (3) is 2-5, and the ratio of the width to the height of the ignition cavity (3) is 1.5-3.
7. The combustion chamber of the spark-ignition two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the length to the height of the oil injection chamber (1) is 2-4, the ratio of the length to the width of the oil injection chamber (1) is 1-2, and the ratio of the width to the height of the oil injection chamber (1) is 1-3.
8. A spark ignition two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine combustion chamber as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the intermediate chamber (5) is 0.5mm to 1.2 mm.
9. The combustion chamber of the spark-ignition two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the diameter to the thickness of the intermediate cavity (5) is 3-10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910943833.4A CN110761889A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Ignition type two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine combustion chamber in cylinder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910943833.4A CN110761889A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Ignition type two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine combustion chamber in cylinder |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110761889A true CN110761889A (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910943833.4A Pending CN110761889A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Ignition type two-stroke heavy oil direct injection engine combustion chamber in cylinder |
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| CN (1) | CN110761889A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040194307A1 (en) * | 2001-05-24 | 2004-10-07 | Barnes Samantha Isobelle | Manufacturing pistons |
| CN1902387A (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2007-01-24 | 法国马涅蒂·马雷利公司 | Direct injection two-stroke engine |
| CN206608235U (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-11-03 | 天津内燃机研究所（天津摩托车技术中心） | Two-stroke in-cylinder direct-jet piston engine |
| CN108590877A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-28 | 重庆隆鑫发动机有限公司 | Heavy oil aero-engine and aircraft |
| CN108757209A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-06 | 重庆隆鑫发动机有限公司 | Heavy End Aviation Fuel engine and aircraft |
| CN110529246A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-12-03 | 李正宇 | Tandem two-stroke engine with double cylinders |
-
2019
- 2019-09-30 CN CN201910943833.4A patent/CN110761889A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040194307A1 (en) * | 2001-05-24 | 2004-10-07 | Barnes Samantha Isobelle | Manufacturing pistons |
| CN1902387A (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2007-01-24 | 法国马涅蒂·马雷利公司 | Direct injection two-stroke engine |
| CN206608235U (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-11-03 | 天津内燃机研究所（天津摩托车技术中心） | Two-stroke in-cylinder direct-jet piston engine |
| CN108590877A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-28 | 重庆隆鑫发动机有限公司 | Heavy oil aero-engine and aircraft |
| CN108757209A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-06 | 重庆隆鑫发动机有限公司 | Heavy End Aviation Fuel engine and aircraft |
| CN110529246A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-12-03 | 李正宇 | Tandem two-stroke engine with double cylinders |
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