[go: up one dir, main page]

CN110747643A - Waterproof and breathable fabric and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Waterproof and breathable fabric and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN110747643A
CN110747643A CN201810812207.7A CN201810812207A CN110747643A CN 110747643 A CN110747643 A CN 110747643A CN 201810812207 A CN201810812207 A CN 201810812207A CN 110747643 A CN110747643 A CN 110747643A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
fabric
polymer material
organic polymer
waterproof
breathable fabric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201810812207.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
蒋海斌
乔金樑
张晓红
宋志海
戚桂村
刘文璐
蔡传伦
王湘
赖金梅
李秉海
茹越
高建明
张红彬
张江茹
韩朋
郭照琰
姜超
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
China Petrochemical Corp
Original Assignee
Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petrochemical Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry, China Petrochemical Corp filed Critical Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
Priority to CN201810812207.7A priority Critical patent/CN110747643A/en
Publication of CN110747643A publication Critical patent/CN110747643A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
    • D06M15/41—Phenol-aldehyde or phenol-ketone resins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/55—Epoxy resins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/59—Polyamides; Polyimides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/10—Animal fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/20—Polyalkenes, polymers or copolymers of compounds with alkenyl groups bonded to aromatic groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/32—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/34—Polyamides

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a waterproof and breathable fabric and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the field of functional fabrics. The waterproof and breathable fabric comprises a fabric base material and an organic polymer material coated on the surface of a fiber framework of the fabric base material; the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate is at least one of plastic and plastic modified products; the plastic is selected from thermosetting plastics and/or thermoplastic plastics; the fabric base material is selected from at least one of nylon, cotton, wool, silk, polyester, polyacrylic acid and polyolefin, wherein the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric base material accounts for 1-99% of the total weight of the waterproof and breathable fabric; the waterproof breathable fabric has a static contact angle to water in the air of more than 120 degrees, and has a good waterproof breathable effect. The waterproof and breathable fabric has wide application prospect in the fields of clothing, packaging and the like.

Description

Waterproof and breathable fabric and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of functional fabrics, in particular to a waterproof and breathable fabric and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Waterproof breathable materials are materials that are impervious to water under pressure, yet through which water vapor can diffuse or pass to the environment. Waterproof breathable fabrics have great market demand in the fields of apparel and packaging.
"wicking" is a phenomenon that occurs in capillaries where some of the lines are small enough to be compared to the radius of curvature of the liquid meniscus. The entire liquid surface in the capillary tube will become curved and the liquid-solid intermolecular interactions may extend through the entire liquid. The capillary is inserted into the infiltrating liquid, the liquid level in the tube rises above the tube, the capillary is inserted into the non-infiltrating liquid, and the liquid in the tube falls below the tube. The reasons for this are all the functions of liquid surface tension and pressure difference between the inside and outside of the curved surface.
According to the capillary phenomenon principle, the wetting liquid rises, and the contact angle is an acute angle; the non-wetting liquid is reduced, and the contact angle is obtuse. The rise (fall) height is 2 × surface tension coefficient × cos contact angle/(liquid density × gravitational acceleration × capillary radius). From this equation, it is assumed that a water pressure of at least 70cm height needs to be overcome to penetrate a pore channel with a contact angle of 105 ° and a diameter of 10 microns. While water vapor can diffuse or pass to the outside through the pores of this dimension. Thus, a waterproof and breathable fabric can be prepared using this principle. The current technology in the market is the laminate composite of the microporous membrane of ePTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) and fabric of Gore-Tex (Golters) in the United states. The laminated composite waterproof moisture permeable fabric represented by the PTFE porous membrane can organically combine the waterproof and moisture permeable functions, and can realize the performance of the breathable fabric in the true sense. For example, U.S. patent publication No. US4194041A discloses a waterproof laminate comprising a hydrophobic outer layer having a microporous structure and a hydrophilic inner layer; chinese patent publication No. CN202005282U discloses a waterproof moisture-permeable composite fabric, which comprises an outer fabric layer, an outer waterproof moisture-permeable layer, a mesh fabric, an inner waterproof moisture-permeable layer and an inner fabric layer. Although the waterproof and moisture permeable fabric represented by the PTFE porous membrane disclosed by the prior art has better waterproof and moisture permeable performances, the preparation of the fabric needs special biaxial stretching equipment, the process is complex, the processing difficulty of the product is high, the cost is high, the price of the product is high, an organic solvent which is not friendly to human bodies and the environment is needed in the preparation process, and the fabric is not green enough, so that the popularization and application of the fabric are limited to a great extent. Therefore, how to prepare a waterproof and breathable fabric which is cheap and efficient, and further if the preparation process is 'green' is still a difficult problem, and the development of the material has huge application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a waterproof and breathable fabric. In particular to a waterproof and breathable fabric and a preparation method and application thereof.
One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a waterproof and breathable fabric, which comprises a fabric substrate and an organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber skeleton of the fabric substrate. The waterproof breathable fabric is excellent in waterproof breathability, cheap and easily available in raw materials, good in thermal stability and excellent in mechanical property, and is a novel waterproof breathable material.
The waterproof breathable fabric is characterized in that the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate accounts for 1-99%, preferably 2-80% and more preferably 3-60% of the total weight of the waterproof breathable fabric.
The fabric base material can be at least one selected from cotton, wool, silk, hemp, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyurethane, polypropylene and polyolefin, preferably at least one selected from cotton, nylon (polyamide), terylene (polyester), polypropylene, acrylic (polyacrylonitrile), polyvinyl chloride and spandex (polyurethane).
The average pore size of the pores of the fabric substrate may be generally 0.01 to 200 microns, preferably 0.1 to 200 microns, more preferably 0.5 to 200 microns, and most preferably 0.5 to 100 microns. The pore size is the longest distance between two points of the pore geometry.
The organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate is at least one of plastic and plastic modified products; the plastic is selected from thermosetting plastics and/or thermoplastic plastics; the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate preferably has a planar static contact angle of more than 90 degrees to water in the air. According to the principle of "capillarity", if the wall of the capillary is not wetted by a liquid (the contact angle is greater than 90 °), the liquid is subjected to a great pressure that prevents it from entering the capillary, and the liquid level is lowered. In the system of the invention, the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate preferably has a planar static contact angle to water in the air of more than 90 degrees, so that a water body can be better prevented from passing through the fabric.
The organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate is selected from polyolefin, poly-4-methyl-1-pentene, polyamide resin (such as nylon-5, nylon-12, nylon-6/6, nylon-6/10 and nylon-11), polycarbonate resin, homopolymerized and/or copolymerized formaldehyde, linear polyester prepared by condensation polymerization of saturated dibasic acid and dihydric alcohol, aromatic ring polymer (polymer of which the molecule is only composed of aromatic rings and connecting groups, such as polyphenyl, polyphenyl ether, polyphenyl thioether, polyarylsulfone, polyarylketone, polyaryl ester and aromatic polyamide), heterocyclic polymer (polymer of which the main chain of the molecule is provided with heterocyclic rings besides aromatic rings, such as polybenzimidazole), fluorine-containing polymer, acrylic resin, poly (ethylene glycol terephthalate), poly (ethylene glycol), poly (ethylene glycol (ethylene, At least one of urethane, epoxy resin, phenol resin, urea resin, melamine formaldehyde resin; wherein, at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, acrylic resin, urea resin, phenolic resin and epoxy resin is preferred; more preferably at least one of acrylic resin, urea resin, phenol resin and epoxy resin; more preferably from phenolic resins.
The plastic modified product is a modified product obtained by modifying the plastic by adopting the existing plastic modification method. The plastic modification method may include, but is not limited to, the following methods: graft modification of polar or non-polar monomers or polymers thereof; the material is modified by melt blending with inorganic or organic reinforcing materials, toughening materials, stiffening materials, heat resistance increasing materials and the like.
Most preferably, the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate is an organic polymer material which can be dissolved in a solvent which is friendly to human bodies and environment, so that the preparation process is 'green'; the total content of ethanol and/or water in the solvent friendly to human body and environment accounts for 50-100 wt% of the weight of the solvent; preferably, the human and environment friendly solvent is selected from ethanol and/or water, wherein the ethanol and water may be mixed in any ratio. Such as acrylic resin, urea resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, etc., can be dissolved in a solvent which is friendly to human body and environment, especially phenol resin, epoxy resin, etc.
The waterproof breathable fabric has a static contact angle to water in air of more than 120 degrees, preferably more than 130 degrees, more preferably more than 140 degrees, and has a good waterproof effect.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the waterproof breathable fabric. The surface of the fiber framework of the organic polymer material-coated fabric substrate is obtained by immersing the fabric substrate into a solution of the organic polymer material, then heating the fabric substrate containing the solution of the organic polymer material, and removing the solvent in the solution of the organic polymer material to separate out or solidify the organic polymer material on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate. The preparation method has simple and easy process flow and is easy to realize large-scale preparation. The process of the present method is "green", more preferably if a human and environmentally friendly solvent is used.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
a. dissolving an organic high polymer material for coating the fabric substrate by using a solvent to obtain an organic high polymer material solution for coating;
b. b, immersing the fabric base material into the organic polymer material solution for coating obtained in the step a, so that the pores of the fabric base material are fully filled with the organic polymer material solution for coating; wherein the dosage of the organic polymer material solution for coating is that the textile substrate is immersed in the solution.
c. And c, taking out the fabric substrate obtained after the treatment in the step b, drying the fabric substrate to separate out or solidify the organic polymer material for coating, and coating the organic polymer material on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate to obtain the waterproof and breathable fabric.
Wherein,
in the step a, the weight concentration of the organic polymer material in the organic polymer material solution for coating (i.e., the mass of the polymer material dissolved in the solvent per mL) is 0.001 to 1g/mL, preferably 0.002 to 0.8g/mL, more preferably 0.003 to 0.5g/mL, and still more preferably 0.003 to 0.02g/mL, based on the volume of the solvent.
In the step a, a corresponding good solvent in the prior art can be selected according to different types of organic polymer materials for coating to be dissolved under a proper condition; the good solvent is preferably at least one of the following solvents: benzene, toluene, xylene (including p-xylene), trichlorobenzene, chloroform, cyclohexane, ethyl hexanoate, butyl acetate, carbon disulfide, ketone, acetone, cyclohexanone, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, water, alcohols; wherein the alcohol is preferably at least one selected from propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, isopropanol, and ethanol. The good solvent is more preferably a solvent comprising water and/or ethanol; further preferably water and/or ethanol.
Specifically, polyethylene and polypropylene can be dissolved by using a solvent such as paraxylene, trichlorobenzene and the like; the polystyrene can be dissolved by using solvents such as benzene, toluene, trichloromethane, cyclohexane, butyl acetate, carbon disulfide and the like; the polyvinyl chloride can be dissolved by tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone, ketone, dimethylformamide and the like; the polymethyl methacrylate can be dissolved by solvents such as trichloromethane, acetone, ethyl caproate, tetrahydrofuran, toluene and the like; the alcohol-soluble varieties of acrylic resin, urea resin, phenolic resin and epoxy resin can be well dissolved by solvents such as ethanol and/or water.
In the step b, the pores of the fabric substrate may be completely filled with the coating organic polymer material solution without being pressed, or preferably, the pores may be sufficiently filled with the coating organic polymer material solution by pressing several times.
In the step b, the immersion time can ensure that the organic polymer material solution for coating can fully soak the fabric substrate, and generally can be 0.5-30 min, and preferably 1-10 min.
After the textile substrate obtained in step b is taken out in step c, the excess coating organic polymer material solution in the textile substrate obtained in step b can be removed without taking measures, and the excess coating organic polymer material solution can also be removed by taking one or two measures including but not limited to extrusion and centrifugal operation.
The drying in the step c can adopt various drying modes in the prior art, and can comprise heating drying modes in the prior art such as oven heating, infrared heating and the like, wherein the heating temperature range of the heating drying is 60-200 ℃, and is preferably 80-180 ℃; the microwave drying mode can be included, and the microwave drying is high in efficiency and even in heating. The power of the microwave for microwave drying is 1W-100 KW, preferably 500W-10 KW, and the action time is 2-200 min, preferably 20-200 min.
When the organic polymer material for coating in the preparation method of the invention is thermoplastic plastic, the organic polymer material for coating is precipitated after heating in the step c and is coated on the surface of the fabric substrate.
When the organic polymer material for coating in the preparation method is thermoplastic, the organic polymer material for coating can be added with additives commonly used in plastic processing processes, such as an antioxidant, an antioxidant aid, a heat stabilizer, a light stabilizer, an ozone stabilizer, a processing aid, a plasticizer, a softener, an anti-blocking agent, a foaming agent, a dye, a pigment, wax, an extender, an organic acid, a flame retardant, a coupling agent and the like. The dosage of the used auxiliary agent is conventional dosage or is adjusted according to the requirements of actual conditions.
When the organic polymer material for coating in the preparation method of the invention is thermosetting plastic, the organic polymer material for coating is cured and coated on the surface of the fabric substrate after being heated in the step c.
When the organic polymer material for coating in the preparation method is thermosetting plastic, whether a curing system is required or not can be considered according to the selected thermosetting plastic in the step a; the curing is to prepare a proper curing system for a common curing formula of the selected thermosetting plastic, and to select a corresponding good solvent to dissolve the organic polymer material for coating and the curing system thereof to obtain an organic polymer material solution for coating.
When the organic polymer material for coating in the preparation method is thermosetting plastic, one or more optional additives selected from the following additives can be added in the preparation process of the organic polymer material curing system for coating: cure accelerators, dyes, pigments, colorants, antioxidants, stabilizers, plasticizers, lubricants, flow modifiers or adjuvants, flame retardants, drip retardants, antiblock agents, adhesion promoters, conductive agents, polyvalent metal ions, impact modifiers, mold release aids, nucleating agents, and the like. The dosage of the used additives is conventional dosage or is adjusted according to the requirements of actual conditions.
The equipment and process conditions adopted in the preparation method are common equipment and conditions.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the use of said waterproof breathable fabric, wherein said use may include applications in the field of clothing and packaging.
The surface characteristics of the hydrophobic organic polymer material are effectively utilized, so that the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate also has the hydrophobic characteristic, the coated fabric can not be permeated by water under the action of water with certain pressure through the capillary phenomenon principle, and water vapor can be diffused or transferred to the outside through the fabric. In the preparation method, the high polymer material is coated on the fiber surface of the fabric, and only the average pore diameter of pores of the fabric is reduced, so that the original structure of the fabric substrate is not damaged, and the original mechanical property is maintained. The preparation process of the fabric is green, raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, the process flow is simple and easy to implement, large-scale preparation is easy to realize, the thermal stability is good, and the mechanical property is excellent. In a preferred technical scheme of the invention, phenolic resin is used as a high polymer material for coating, in the preparation method, the phenolic resin is dissolved by a solvent which is water and/or ethanol and is friendly to human and environment, the solvent is not required to be heated in the dissolving process, the phenolic resin used as thermosetting plastic has better mechanical property, and the phenolic resin is better and more durable in combination with a framework.
The waterproof and breathable fabric has wide application prospect in the fields of clothing, packaging and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
(1) Weighing 2g of liquid phenolic resin (2152, a chemical industry of Jiningbai, the planar static contact angle of the phenolic resin to water in the air is 95 degrees, and the planar static contact angle to oil is 50 degrees) in a beaker, pouring 500mL of ethanol, and stirring for 1 hour by using a magnetic rotor until the ethanol is dissolved;
(2) soaking 10 × 10cm (2g) fabric base material (Nanzuo textile manufacturing Co., Ltd., Baoding) with average pore diameter of about 5 μm in the prepared solution for 5min, and extruding for several times to make the solution fully enter into the pore channel of the fabric base material;
(3) and taking out the soaked fabric, putting the fabric into a stainless steel tray, and heating the fabric in an oven at 180 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the waterproof breathable fabric. Wherein the mass percentage of the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric base material is 20 wt%.
Example 2
(1) Weighing 3g of powdered phenolic resin (2123, bermaja Sakura industries, Ltd. in New rural areas, the planar static contact angle of the phenolic resin to water in air is 95 degrees, the planar static contact angle to oil is 50 degrees) and 0.36g of hexamethylenetetramine curing agent in a beaker, pouring 500mL of ethanol, and stirring with a magnetic rotor for 1 hour until dissolving;
(2) soaking a fabric substrate (Nanzuo textile manufacturing Co., Ltd., Baoding) of 10 × 10cm (1g) material of polyester and having an average pore diameter of about 50 μm in the prepared solution for 5min to allow the solution to fully enter the pore channels of the fabric substrate;
(3) and taking out the soaked fabric, putting the fabric into a stainless steel tray, and heating the fabric in an oven at 180 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the waterproof breathable fabric. Wherein the mass percentage of the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric base material is 25 wt%.
Example 3
(1) Weighing 3g of liquid phenolic resin (2152, Jining Bai Yi chemical) in a beaker, pouring 300mL of ethanol, stirring with a magnetic rotor for 1 hour until the ethanol is dissolved, and slowly adding 200mL of deionized water;
(2) soaking 10 × 10cm (0.5g) fabric substrate (Nanzuo textile manufacturing Co., Ltd., Baoding) with average pore diameter of about 100 μm in the prepared solution for 2min to make the solution fully enter the pore channel of the fabric substrate;
(3) and taking out the soaked fabric, placing the fabric in a tray, and placing the tray in a household microwave oven for microwave 700w treatment for 1 hour to obtain the waterproof breathable fabric. Wherein the mass percentage of the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric base material is 50 wt%.
Example 4
(1) Weighing 5g of liquid phenolic resin (2152, Jining Bai Yi chemical industry), pouring 300mL of ethanol into a beaker, stirring for 1 hour by using a magnetic rotor until the ethanol is dissolved, and slowly adding 200mL of deionized water;
(2) soaking 10 × 10cm (0.4g) fabric substrate (Nanzuo textile manufacturing Co., Ltd., Baoding) with average pore diameter of 198 μm in the prepared solution for 3min to make the solution fully enter the pore channel of the fabric substrate;
(3) and taking out the soaked fabric, putting the fabric into a stainless steel tray, and heating the fabric in an oven at 140 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the waterproof breathable fabric. Wherein the mass percentage of the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric base material is 35 wt%.
Example 5
(1) Weighing 5g of liquid phenolic resin (2152, cheynin-bai chemical), pouring 400mL of ethanol into a beaker, stirring with a magnetic rotor for 1 hour until the ethanol is dissolved, and slowly adding 100mL of deionized water;
(2) soaking 10 × 10cm (0.1g) fabric substrate (Nanzuo textile manufacturing Co., Ltd., Baoding) with average pore diameter of about 180 μm in the prepared solution for 5min to make the solution fully enter the pore channel of the fabric substrate;
(3) and taking out the soaked fabric, putting the fabric into a stainless steel tray, and heating the fabric in an oven at 160 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the waterproof breathable fabric. Wherein the mass percentage of the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric base material is 55 wt%.
Example 6
(1) Weighing 3g of liquid phenolic resin (2152, Jining Bai Yi chemical) in a beaker, pouring 500mL of ethanol, and stirring with a magnetic rotor for 1 hour until the solution is dissolved;
(2) soaking 10 × 10cm (4g) fabric base material (Nanzuo textile manufacturing Co., Ltd., Baoding) with average pore diameter of 0.5 μm in the prepared solution for 8min, and extruding for several times to make the solution fully enter into pore channel of the fabric base material;
(3) and taking out the soaked fabric, putting the fabric into a stainless steel tray, and heating the fabric in an oven at 140 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the waterproof breathable fabric. Wherein the mass percentage of the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric base material is 25 wt%.
Example 7
(1) Weighing 3g of epoxy resin (E-51, tomb petrochemical), 1g of low molecular weight polyamide 650 (Yichungxingwang chemical Co., Ltd.) and 0.36g of hexamethylenetetramine curing agent in a beaker, pouring 500mL of ethanol, and stirring with a magnetic rotor for 1 hour until the epoxy resin, the polyamide and the hexamethylenetetramine curing agent are dissolved; (the mixture obtained by curing the same epoxy resin and polyamide in the same proportion under the same curing system and curing conditions has a plane static contact angle of 93 degrees to water and a plane static contact angle of 55 degrees to oil in the air);
(2) soaking 10 × 10cm (1g) fabric base material (Nanzuo textile manufacturing Co., Ltd., Baoding) made of polypropylene and having average pore diameter of about 30 μm in the prepared solution for 5min, and extruding for several times to make the solution fully enter the pore channel of the fabric base material;
(3) and taking out the soaked fabric, placing the fabric in a tray, and placing the tray in a household microwave oven for microwave 700w treatment for 1 hour to obtain the waterproof breathable fabric. Wherein the mass percentage of the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric base material is 28 wt%.
Example 8
(1) Weighing 2g of liquid phenolic resin (2152, Jining Bai Yi chemical) in a beaker, pouring 300mL of ethanol, stirring with a magnetic rotor for 1 hour until the ethanol is dissolved, and slowly adding 200mL of deionized water;
(2) soaking 10 × 10cm (1g) fabric base material (Nanzuo textile manufacturing Co., Ltd., Baoding) with average pore diameter of about 80 μm in the prepared solution for 5min to make the solution fully enter the pore channel of the fabric base material;
(3) and taking out the soaked fabric, putting the fabric into a stainless steel tray, and heating the fabric in an oven at 140 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the waterproof breathable fabric. Wherein the mass percentage of the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric base material is 16 wt%.
Example 9
The waterproof breathable fabrics prepared in examples 1 to 8 and uncoated blanks were subjected to a contact angle test with water at room temperature (the contact angle measuring instrument used was DSA 20E)GmbH, germany), 5 points were measured per sample, and finally the average was taken; the fabrics prepared in examples 1-8 and uncoated blanks were subjected to a water pressure resistance test at room temperature, the test procedure being: the glass tube with scale and diameter of 2cm and length of 100cm is vertically placed, the bottom end is sealed by the fabric prepared in the embodiment, water is slowly added along the wall of the glass tube by using a glass rod to guide the water until the water leaks from the bottom, the height of the water level is recorded by using video equipment, the height of the water level when the water leaks is reviewed, and the water resistance is determined as the water resistance pressure.
The results are shown in Table 1. Wherein the blank sample is specifically blank sample 1: a fabric base material (Nanzuo textile manufacturing Co., Ltd., Baoding) made of nylon and having a pore diameter of about 5 μm; blank 2: a fabric base material (Nanzuo textile manufacturing Co., Ltd., Baoding) made of polyester and having a pore diameter of about 50 μm; blank 3: a fabric base material (Nanzuo textile manufacturing Co., Ltd., Baoding) made of cotton and having a pore diameter of about 100 μm; blank 4: a fabric base material (Nanzuo textile manufacturing Co., Ltd., Baoding) made of polypropylene and having a pore diameter of about 30 μm; blank sample 5: the material was silk, and the pore size was approximately 80 μm (Natzso textile manufacturing Co., Ltd., Baoding).
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001739438500000101
Figure BDA0001739438500000111
As shown in Table 1, the materials prepared in the embodiments 1-8 of the invention all have waterproof and breathable properties; the pore size of the pores of the fabric of the embodiment of the invention is enough to allow water vapor to pass through, diffuse and transmit to the outside. The waterproof and breathable fabric obtained by coating by the method has wide application prospect in the fields of clothing, packaging and the like.

Claims (15)

1. A waterproof and breathable fabric is characterized by comprising a fabric substrate and an organic polymer material coated on the surface of a fiber framework of the fabric substrate; the fabric base material is selected from at least one of cotton, wool, silk, hemp, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane, polyamide, polypropylene and polyolefin, and the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric base material is at least one of plastic and a plastic modified product; the plastic is selected from thermosetting plastics and/or thermoplastic plastics;
wherein, the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate accounts for 1 to 99 percent of the total weight of the waterproof and breathable fabric, preferably 2 to 80 percent, and more preferably 3 to 60 percent.
2. The waterproof breathable fabric of claim 1, wherein: the fabric base material is selected from at least one of cotton, nylon, terylene, polypropylene fiber, acrylic fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber and spandex.
3. The waterproof breathable fabric of claim 1, wherein: the average pore diameter of the pores of the fabric substrate is 0.01-200 microns, preferably 0.1-200 microns, and more preferably 0.5-200 microns.
4. The waterproof breathable fabric of claim 1, wherein:
the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate is selected from at least one of polyolefin, poly-4-methyl-1-pentene, polyamide resin, polycarbonate resin, linear polyester prepared by homopolymerization and/or copolymerization of formaldehyde, saturated dibasic acid and dihydric alcohol through condensation polymerization, aromatic ring polymer, heterocyclic polymer, fluorine-containing polymer, acrylic resin, urethane, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, urea resin and melamine formaldehyde resin; wherein, at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, acrylic resin, urea resin, phenolic resin and epoxy resin is preferred; more preferably at least one of acrylic resin, urea resin, phenol resin and epoxy resin; most preferably selected from phenolic resins.
5. The waterproof breathable fabric of claim 4, wherein:
the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate has a plane static contact angle of more than 90 degrees to water in the air.
6. The waterproof breathable fabric of claim 4, wherein:
the polyamide resin is selected from at least one of nylon-5, nylon-12, nylon-6/6, nylon-6/10 and nylon-11;
the aromatic ring polymer is at least one selected from polyphenyl, polyphenyl ether, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylsulfone, polyarone, polyaryl ester and aromatic polyamide.
7. The waterproof breathable fabric of claim 1, wherein:
the organic polymer material coated on the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric base material is an organic polymer material which can be dissolved in a solvent which is friendly to human bodies and environment.
8. The waterproof breathable fabric of claim 7, wherein:
the total content of ethanol and/or water in the solvent friendly to human body and environment accounts for 50-100 wt% of the weight of the solvent; the human body and environment friendly solvent is preferably ethanol and/or water.
9. The waterproof breathable fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that:
the waterproof breathable fabric has a static contact angle to water in air of greater than 120 °, preferably greater than 130 °, more preferably greater than 140 °.
10. The method for preparing a waterproof breathable fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. dissolving an organic high polymer material for coating the fabric substrate by using a solvent to obtain an organic high polymer material solution for coating;
b. b, immersing the fabric base material into the organic polymer material solution for coating obtained in the step a, so that the pores of the fabric base material are fully filled with the organic polymer material solution for coating;
c. and c, taking out the fabric substrate obtained after the treatment in the step b, drying the fabric substrate to separate out or solidify the organic polymer material for coating, and coating the surface of the fiber framework of the fabric substrate to obtain the waterproof and breathable fabric.
11. The method of making a waterproof breathable fabric of claim 10, wherein:
in the step a, the weight concentration of the organic polymer material in the organic polymer material solution for coating is 0.001-1 g/mL, preferably 0.002-0.8 g/mL, and more preferably 0.003-0.5 g/mL, based on the volume of the solvent.
12. The method of making a waterproof breathable fabric of claim 10, wherein:
the solvent in the step a is selected from good solvents for dissolving the coating polymer material, and preferably at least one of the following solvents: benzene, toluene, xylene, trichlorobenzene, trichloromethane, cyclohexane, ethyl hexanoate, butyl acetate, carbon disulfide, ketone, acetone, cyclohexanone, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, water and alcohols; the alcohol solvent is preferably at least one selected from ethanol, propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol and isopropanol; the good solvent preferably comprises water and/or ethanol.
13. The method of making a waterproof breathable fabric of claim 10, wherein:
in the step c, the drying is heating drying or microwave drying; the heating temperature range of the heating and drying is 60-200 ℃, and preferably 80-180 ℃; the power of the microwave for microwave drying is 1W-100 KW, preferably 500W-10 KW, and the action time is 2-200 min, preferably 20-200 min.
14. The method of making a waterproof breathable fabric of claim 10, wherein:
in the step b, the immersion time is 0.5-30 min, preferably 1-10 min.
15. Use of a waterproof breathable fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises applications in the field of clothing and packaging.
CN201810812207.7A 2018-07-23 2018-07-23 Waterproof and breathable fabric and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN110747643A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810812207.7A CN110747643A (en) 2018-07-23 2018-07-23 Waterproof and breathable fabric and preparation method and application thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810812207.7A CN110747643A (en) 2018-07-23 2018-07-23 Waterproof and breathable fabric and preparation method and application thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110747643A true CN110747643A (en) 2020-02-04

Family

ID=69275021

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201810812207.7A Pending CN110747643A (en) 2018-07-23 2018-07-23 Waterproof and breathable fabric and preparation method and application thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN110747643A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113912969A (en) * 2021-11-18 2022-01-11 青岛仟亿新材料科技有限公司 Breathable waterproof textile material and preparation method thereof
CN116536911A (en) * 2023-05-06 2023-08-04 东莞市安茉服饰有限公司 A kind of waterproof breathable nylon fabric and preparation method thereof

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4194041A (en) * 1978-06-29 1980-03-18 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Waterproof laminate
JPS5584477A (en) * 1978-12-20 1980-06-25 Yasumasa Yoshida Water repellent treatment of polyester fabric
JPS58203173A (en) * 1982-05-24 1983-11-26 帝人株式会社 Production of moisture permeable fabric
JPS60185881A (en) * 1984-02-29 1985-09-21 関西帆布化学防水株式会社 Production of fungicidal tent sheet
JPS63315673A (en) * 1987-06-18 1988-12-23 帝人株式会社 Abrasion resistant cloth
JPH05132876A (en) * 1991-11-13 1993-05-28 Toray Ind Inc Waterproof protecting cloth, working clothes and rider suit
JP2001192946A (en) * 1999-12-28 2001-07-17 Teijin Shoji Co Ltd High-density woven fabric
US20040013883A1 (en) * 2000-10-19 2004-01-22 Mario Polegato Moretti Waterproof breathable layered article with high mechanical strength
KR20080042309A (en) * 2006-11-09 2008-05-15 코오롱글로텍주식회사 Coating composition for moisture-permeable waterproof, dry non-porous moisture-permeable waterproof fabric using the same and manufacturing method thereof
CN102168379A (en) * 2011-03-11 2011-08-31 上腾新材料科技（苏州）有限公司 Polyurethane polymer material with high water pressure resistance and high moisture permeability
CN203795159U (en) * 2014-02-28 2014-08-27 四川航龙航空工业有限公司 Overcanopying fabric
CN104499293A (en) * 2014-01-23 2015-04-08 北京探路者户外用品股份有限公司 Waterproof and moisture permeable grid printed fabric and preparation method thereof
CN107254248A (en) * 2017-07-20 2017-10-17 江南大学 Multi-functional high-strength compound textile coating agent, coating and preparation method and application

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4194041A (en) * 1978-06-29 1980-03-18 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Waterproof laminate
JPS5584477A (en) * 1978-12-20 1980-06-25 Yasumasa Yoshida Water repellent treatment of polyester fabric
JPS58203173A (en) * 1982-05-24 1983-11-26 帝人株式会社 Production of moisture permeable fabric
JPS60185881A (en) * 1984-02-29 1985-09-21 関西帆布化学防水株式会社 Production of fungicidal tent sheet
JPS63315673A (en) * 1987-06-18 1988-12-23 帝人株式会社 Abrasion resistant cloth
JPH05132876A (en) * 1991-11-13 1993-05-28 Toray Ind Inc Waterproof protecting cloth, working clothes and rider suit
JP2001192946A (en) * 1999-12-28 2001-07-17 Teijin Shoji Co Ltd High-density woven fabric
US20040013883A1 (en) * 2000-10-19 2004-01-22 Mario Polegato Moretti Waterproof breathable layered article with high mechanical strength
KR20080042309A (en) * 2006-11-09 2008-05-15 코오롱글로텍주식회사 Coating composition for moisture-permeable waterproof, dry non-porous moisture-permeable waterproof fabric using the same and manufacturing method thereof
CN102168379A (en) * 2011-03-11 2011-08-31 上腾新材料科技（苏州）有限公司 Polyurethane polymer material with high water pressure resistance and high moisture permeability
CN104499293A (en) * 2014-01-23 2015-04-08 北京探路者户外用品股份有限公司 Waterproof and moisture permeable grid printed fabric and preparation method thereof
CN203795159U (en) * 2014-02-28 2014-08-27 四川航龙航空工业有限公司 Overcanopying fabric
CN107254248A (en) * 2017-07-20 2017-10-17 江南大学 Multi-functional high-strength compound textile coating agent, coating and preparation method and application

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113912969A (en) * 2021-11-18 2022-01-11 青岛仟亿新材料科技有限公司 Breathable waterproof textile material and preparation method thereof
CN116536911A (en) * 2023-05-06 2023-08-04 东莞市安茉服饰有限公司 A kind of waterproof breathable nylon fabric and preparation method thereof
CN116536911B (en) * 2023-05-06 2024-01-26 浙江凯尼威针织服饰有限公司 Waterproof breathable nylon fabric and preparation method thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5066683A (en) Microporous waterproof and moisture vapor permeable structures, processes of manufacture and useful articles thereof
CN101497703A (en) Process to increase the oleophobicity of PTFE, and resulting oleophobic articles
EP0729379B1 (en) Hydrophilic compositions with increased thermal and solvent resistance
US11155940B2 (en) Partially degradable fibers and microvascular materials formed from the fibers
CN108976460B (en) A kind of MOF film material containing lubricating layer, its preparation method and its application in the field of anti-icing
CN103747854A (en) Selective water vapour transport membranes comprising nanofibrous layer and methods for making the same
KR102411294B1 (en) porous membrane
CN110743201A (en) Super-hydrophobic and super-oleophilic porous net film and preparation method and application thereof
JP5524981B2 (en) Filtration material having a single layer or multiple layers and method for producing the same
CN110747643A (en) Waterproof and breathable fabric and preparation method and application thereof
CN110743200A (en) Super-hydrophobic and super-oleophilic three-dimensional porous material and preparation method and application thereof
US5362553A (en) Microporous waterproof and moisture vapor permeable fabric
Sheng et al. Thermally induced chemical cross-linking reinforced fluorinated polyurethane/polyacrylonitrile/polyvinyl butyral nanofibers for waterproof-breathable application
JPH0386220A (en) Composite film
KR20170100670A (en) A process for the vacuum assisted production of fibre-reinforced plastics material components from composite fibre semi-finished products
CN108246125A (en) A kind of high resistance tocrocking inner support Pvdf Microporous Hollow Fiber Membrane and preparation method thereof
CN112808019B (en) Method for preparing polyaryletherketone tubular membrane by using green solvent thermal-induced phase method
CN106965499B (en) Porous composite film and preparation method thereof
JPH0757825B2 (en) Polysulfone resin porous membrane
KR20110045715A (en) Nanofiber-coated moisture-permeable fiber structure and manufacturing method thereof
Zhao et al. Tailoring Unidirectional Water‐Penetration Janus Fabric with Surface Electrospun Deposition
CN109337110B (en) Waterproof breathable film and preparation method thereof
US5362760A (en) Temperature resistant microporous film
CN113318606A (en) Hydrophilic modification method of PTFE hollow fiber membrane and hollow fiber membrane
JP7180830B2 (en) Porous fluororesin composite membrane and method for producing the same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination